阅读说明：本技术 花胶的制备方法及花胶 (Preparation method of flower glue and flower glue ) 是由 柳玉平 于 2020-12-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种花胶的制备方法,涉及花胶加工技术领域。花胶的制备方法包括以下步骤：S10、将干花胶清洗干净后置于水中泡发,得泡发花胶；S20、将所述泡发花胶破碎成碎片,并加入水,蒸煮5～6h,得花胶浆液；S30、将所述花胶浆液冷冻后,解冻,得到解冻花胶；S40、将所述解冻花胶在40～45℃下酶解8～10h后,进行灭酶处理,之后过滤除去大颗粒,再进行灭菌,得到花胶,所述花胶的分子量为300～3000Da。本发明提出的花胶的制备方法,制得的花胶,营养丰富,食用后花胶易于人体吸收,相对吸收率高。(The invention discloses a preparation method of a sericin, and relates to the technical field of sericin processing. The preparation method of the flower glue comprises the following steps: s10, cleaning the dry flower gel, and soaking in water to obtain foaming flower gel; s20, crushing the foam gum into fragments, adding water, and cooking for 5-6 hours to obtain gum slurry; s30, freezing the sericin slurry, and unfreezing to obtain unfrozen sericin; s40, carrying out enzymolysis on the unfrozen lac for 8-10 hours at the temperature of 40-45 ℃, carrying out enzyme deactivation treatment, filtering to remove large particles, and then carrying out sterilization to obtain the lac, wherein the molecular weight of the lac is 300-3000 Da. The flower gum prepared by the preparation method of the flower gum provided by the invention is rich in nutrition, is easy to absorb by a human body after being eaten, and has high relative absorption rate.)

1. The preparation method of the flower glue is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s10, cleaning the dry flower gel, and soaking in water to obtain foaming flower gel;

s20, crushing the foam gum into fragments, adding water, and cooking for 5-6 hours to obtain gum slurry;

s30, freezing the sericin slurry, and unfreezing to obtain unfrozen sericin;

s40, carrying out enzymolysis on the unfrozen lac for 8-10 hours at the temperature of 40-45 ℃, carrying out enzyme deactivation treatment, filtering to remove large particles, and then carrying out sterilization to obtain the lac, wherein the molecular weight of the lac is 300-3000 Da.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S10, the dry shellac comprises any one of dry swimming-in-slot shellac, white gutta-percha, acipenser ruthenicum, yellow gutta-percha, swimming-in-slot shellac, and menyoto shellac.

3. The method for preparing shellac of claim 1, wherein step S30 specifically comprises:

s31, freezing the sericin slurry into a sand ice shape for the first time, and uniformly stirring to obtain a first freezing solution;

and S32, freezing the first freezing liquid for the second time, and then unfreezing to obtain the unfrozen flower glue.

4. The preparation method of the sericin according to claim 3, wherein the temperature of the first freezing is-20 to-10 ℃, and the freezing time is 2 to 4 hours.

5. The preparation method of the composite flower gum as claimed in claim 3, wherein the temperature of the second freezing is-30 to-20 ℃, and the freezing time is 5 to 8 hours.

6. The method for preparing shellac of claim 1, wherein in step S40, said enzymatic hydrolysis conditions are: carrying out enzymolysis at 35-48 ℃ by adopting at least one of papain, compound flavourzyme and neutral protease.

7. The method for preparing shellac of claim 1, wherein in step S40, said enzyme deactivation conditions are: keeping the temperature at 90-95 ℃ for 1-4 h.

8. The method for preparing shellac as claimed in claim 1 wherein in step S40, said sterilization method is irradiation sterilization.

9. The method for preparing shellac of claim 1 wherein in step S40, said radiation sterilization conditions are: irradiating with 2-6 KGy dose.

10. A shellac produced by the method of producing the shellac according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of flower glue processing, in particular to a preparation method of flower glue and flower glue.

Background

The fish maw is a kind of dried fish maw, which is famous for rich in glue and is also called as fish maw. The glue, also called fish maw, is made up by taking out fish maw from fish belly, cutting and drying in the sun, and is rich in protein and glue, etc. and has the functions of nourishing yin, reinforcing kidney and raising essence, quickly eliminating fatigue and helping to recover the wound of surgical operation patient. The main components of the flower glue are high-grade collagen, a plurality of vitamins and a plurality of trace elements such as calcium, zinc, iron, selenium and the like. The protein content is as high as 84.2 percent, and the fat is only 0.2 percent, so the food is ideal high-protein low-fat food.

The lac is rich in nutrition, but the lac protein is macromolecular protein, so that the relative absorption rate is low when the user eats the lac.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide a preparation method of a sericin and the sericin, and aims to provide a preparation method of the sericin, wherein the sericin prepared by the preparation method is convenient for human body absorption.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a preparation method of a sericin, which comprises the following steps:

s10, cleaning the dry flower gel, and soaking in water to obtain foaming flower gel;

s20, crushing the foam gum into fragments, adding water, and cooking for 5-6 hours to obtain gum slurry;

s30, freezing the sericin slurry, and unfreezing to obtain unfrozen sericin;

s40, carrying out enzymolysis on the unfrozen lac for 8-10 hours at the temperature of 40-45 ℃, carrying out enzyme deactivation treatment, filtering to remove large particles, and then carrying out sterilization to obtain the lac, wherein the molecular weight of the lac is 300-3000 Da.

Optionally, in step S10, the dry glue includes any one of money-carrying glue, white glue, acipenser flavomarginatus, xanthan glue, swimming glue and eel glue.

Optionally, step S30 specifically includes:

s31, freezing the sericin slurry into a sand ice shape for the first time, and uniformly stirring to obtain a first freezing solution;

and S32, freezing the first freezing liquid for the second time, and then unfreezing to obtain the unfrozen flower glue.

Optionally, the temperature of the first freezing is-20 to-10 ℃, and the freezing time is 2 to 4 hours.

Optionally, the temperature of the second freezing is-30 to-20 ℃, and the freezing time is 5 to 8 hours.

Optionally, in step S40, the enzymolysis conditions are: carrying out enzymolysis at 35-48 ℃ by adopting at least one of papain, compound flavourzyme and neutral protease.

Optionally, in step S40, the enzyme deactivation condition is: keeping the temperature at 90-95 ℃ for 1-4 h.

Optionally, in step S40, the sterilization method is irradiation sterilization.

Optionally, in step S40, the conditions of the radiation sterilization are: irradiating with 2-6 KGy dose.

The invention further provides the flower gum which is prepared by the preparation method of the flower gum.

According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the preparation method of the sericin is provided, the sericin slurry is processed by a freezing method, so that the sericin molecules are fully swelled, hydrogen bond structures among the sericin macromolecules are damaged to a great extent, the sericin is swelled in water more completely, the subsequent sericin macromolecule enzymolysis is more complete, the freezing and thawing are also beneficial to keeping the activity of the sericin molecules, and the sericin can be absorbed by a human body more easily and can play a role more easily.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a preparation method of a sericin provided by the invention.

The implementation, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.

It should be noted that those whose specific conditions are not specified in the examples were performed according to the conventional conditions or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially. In addition, the meaning of "and/or" appearing throughout includes three juxtapositions, exemplified by "A and/or B" including either A or B or both A and B. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The lac is rich in nutrition, but the lac protein is macromolecular protein, so that the relative absorption rate is low when the user eats the lac.

In view of this, the present invention provides a method for preparing a sericin, referring to fig. 1, the method for preparing a sericin comprises the following steps:

s10, cleaning the dry flower gel, and soaking in water to obtain the foam flower gel.

In this step, the floral gel is typically soaked in cold water overnight to obtain a foam floral gel.

Preferably, the dry glue includes any one of money-carrying glue, white glue, acipenser ruthenicum, yellow glue, money-carrying glue and eel glue. The dry flower glue of the kind is adopted, and the absorption effect of the human body is optimal.

S20, crushing the foam gum into pieces, adding water, and cooking for 5-6 hours to obtain a gum slurry.

S30, freezing the sericin slurry, and thawing to obtain thawed sericin.

Specifically, the present step includes the following steps S31 and S32:

s31, freezing the sericin slurry into a sand ice shape for the first time, and uniformly stirring to obtain a first freezing solution;

and S32, freezing the first freezing liquid for the second time, and then unfreezing to obtain the unfrozen flower glue.

In the embodiment of the invention, a method of freezing twice is adopted, the first freezing is carried out into a frozen sand shape, then the stirring is carried out uniformly, the sericin molecules are fully swelled, the hydrogen bond structure between the sericin macromolecules is damaged to a great extent, then the thawing is not needed, the stirring is carried out uniformly, and the second freezing is directly carried out, the method of pre-freezing is adopted to firstly swell and then dissolve the sericin molecules, on one hand, the sericin molecules are dissolved in water more thoroughly, on the other hand, the dissolving time is greatly shortened, the energy is saved more, then, the enzymolysis is carried out on the sericin solution, the sericin enzymolysis is more thorough, and the sericin micromolecules with the molecular weight of 300-3000 Da can be obtained.

Preferably, the temperature of the first freezing is-20 to-10 ℃, and the freezing time is 2 to 4 hours; the temperature of the first freezing is-30 to-20 ℃, and the freezing time is 5 to 8 hours. It is understood that the above-mentioned conditions for the two-time freezing may be satisfied at the same time or only one of them, and the present invention is not limited thereto, but as a preferred embodiment, the above-mentioned conditions for the two-time freezing are both satisfied.

S40, carrying out enzymolysis on the unfrozen lac for 8-10 hours at the temperature of 40-45 ℃, carrying out enzyme deactivation treatment, filtering to remove large particles, and then carrying out sterilization to obtain the lac, wherein the molecular weight of the lac is 300-3000 Da.

The molecular weight of the sericin obtained through the treatment of the steps S10-S40 is 300-3000 Da. Preferably, in this step, the enzymolysis conditions are as follows: carrying out enzymolysis at 35-48 ℃ by adopting at least one of papain, compound flavourzyme and neutral protease. After two times of freeze drying, the enzymolysis conditions are adopted, so that the macromolecules of the sericin can be fully decomposed into micromolecules.

The enzyme deactivation conditions are as follows: keeping the temperature for 1-4 h at 90-95 ℃, and keeping the enzyme inactivation temperature not too high so as to avoid affecting the activity of other components.

The sterilization is preferably performed by irradiation, and more preferably, the irradiation sterilization conditions are as follows: irradiating with 2-6 KGy dose. Radiation sterilization refers to a technique of irradiating food with X, gamma rays or high-speed electron rays to kill microorganisms. The radiation sterilization mainly has direct action and indirect action, wherein the direct action means that rays directly act on microorganisms in food to cause the microorganisms to be ionized to cause organism damage and death; indirect action means that water molecules in food act to generate active particles such as hydrogen free radicals, hydroxyl free radicals, hydrated electrons and the like, and the active particles act with microorganisms to damage the functions, metabolism, structures and the like of the microorganisms and kill the microorganisms. Compared with the traditional sterilization technology, the irradiation sterilization is a cold sterilization technology, has the advantages of rapidness, uniformity, easy control, low energy consumption, high economic benefit, no residue, no pollution and the like, and is one of the most effective sterilization technologies for food containing heat-sensitive components. Under the condition of irradiation with the dose of 2-6 KGy, the obtained composite gum has better nutrient substance retention and better taste.

An example of a method of making a gum is given below:

(1) cleaning the dry flower glue, and then soaking in water to obtain foaming flower glue;

(2) crushing the foamed viscose into fragments, adding water, and cooking for 5-6 hours to obtain viscose slurry;

(3) freezing the sericin slurry at-20 to-10 ℃ for 2-4 h to form a sand ice shape, uniformly stirring, freezing at-30 to-20 ℃ for 5-8 h, and then thawing to obtain thawed sericin;

(4) carrying out enzymolysis on the unfrozen sericin at 40-45 ℃ for 8-10 h, keeping at 90-95 ℃ for 1-4 h for enzyme deactivation, filtering to remove large particles, and carrying out irradiation sterilization at a dose of 2-6 KGy to obtain the sericin, wherein the molecular weight of the sericin is 300-3000 Da.

The technical solutions of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings, it being understood that the following embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

Example 1

(1) Cleaning the dry flower glue, and then soaking in water to obtain foaming flower glue;

(2) crushing the foamed gum into fragments, adding water, and cooking for 5 hours to obtain gum slurry;

(3) freezing the sericin slurry at-15 ℃ for 3h to form a sand ice shape, uniformly stirring, freezing at-25 ℃ for 5h, and then thawing to obtain thawed sericin;

(4) carrying out enzymolysis on the unfrozen sericin at 42 ℃ for 9h, keeping the temperature at 92 ℃ for 2h for enzyme deactivation, filtering to remove large particles, and carrying out irradiation sterilization at the dose of 4KGy to obtain the sericin, wherein the molecular weight of the sericin is 500 Da.

Example 2

(1) Cleaning the dry flower glue, and then soaking in water to obtain foaming flower glue;

(2) crushing the foamed gum into fragments, adding water, and cooking for 6 hours to obtain gum slurry;

(3) freezing the sericin slurry at-20 ℃ for 2h to form a sand ice shape, uniformly stirring, freezing at-30 ℃ for 8h, and then thawing to obtain thawed sericin;

(4) performing enzymolysis on the unfrozen sericin at 40 ℃ for 8h, keeping the temperature at 90 ℃ for 4h for enzyme deactivation, filtering to remove large particles, and performing irradiation sterilization at the dose of 2KGy to obtain the sericin, wherein the molecular weight of the sericin is 300 Da.

Example 3

(1) Cleaning the dry flower glue, and then soaking in water to obtain foaming flower glue;

(2) crushing the foamed gum into fragments, adding water, and cooking for 5 hours to obtain gum slurry;

(3) freezing the sericin slurry at-10 ℃ for 3h to form a sand ice shape, uniformly stirring, freezing at-20 ℃ for 6h, and then thawing to obtain thawed sericin;

(4) performing enzymolysis on the unfrozen sericin at 45 ℃ for 10h, keeping the temperature at 95 ℃ for 1h for enzyme deactivation, filtering to remove large particles, and performing irradiation sterilization at the dose of 6KGy to obtain the sericin, wherein the molecular weight of the sericin is 3000 Da.

Example 4

(1) Cleaning the dry flower glue, and then soaking in water to obtain foaming flower glue;

(2) crushing the foamed gum into fragments, adding water, and cooking for 6 hours to obtain gum slurry;

(3) freezing the sericin slurry at-12 ℃ for 4h to form a sand ice shape, uniformly stirring, freezing at-22 ℃ for 7h, and then thawing to obtain thawed sericin;

(4) performing enzymolysis on the unfrozen sericin at 41 ℃ for 8h, keeping the temperature at 91 ℃ for 3h for enzyme deactivation, filtering to remove large particles, and performing irradiation sterilization at the dose of 3KGy to obtain the sericin, wherein the molecular weight of the sericin is 1500 Da.

Example 5

(1) Cleaning the dry flower glue, and then soaking in water to obtain foaming flower glue;

(2) crushing the foamed gum into fragments, adding water, and cooking for 5 hours to obtain gum slurry;

(3) freezing the sericin slurry at-18 ℃ for 3h to form a sand ice shape, uniformly stirring, freezing at-27 ℃ for 5h, and then thawing to obtain thawed sericin;

(4) performing enzymolysis on the unfrozen sericin at 43 ℃ for 9h, keeping the temperature at 91 ℃ for 2h for enzyme deactivation, filtering to remove large particles, and performing irradiation sterilization at the dose of 4KGy to obtain the sericin, wherein the molecular weight of the sericin is 700 Da.

Example 6

(1) Cleaning the dry flower glue, and then soaking in water to obtain foaming flower glue;

(2) crushing the foamed gum into fragments, adding water, and cooking for 5 hours to obtain gum slurry;

(3) freezing the sericin slurry at-17 ℃ for 3h to form a sand ice shape, uniformly stirring, freezing at-23 ℃ for 6h, and then thawing to obtain thawed sericin;

(4) carrying out enzymolysis on the unfrozen sericin at 44 ℃ for 9h, keeping the temperature at 93 ℃ for 2h for enzyme deactivation, filtering to remove large particles, and carrying out irradiation sterilization at the dose of 5KGy to obtain the sericin, wherein the molecular weight of the sericin is 1000 Da.

Example 7

(1) Cleaning the dry flower glue, and then soaking in water to obtain foaming flower glue;

(2) crushing the foamed gum into fragments, adding water, and cooking for 5 hours to obtain gum slurry;

(3) freezing the sericin slurry at-14 ℃ for 2h to form a sand ice shape, uniformly stirring, freezing at-28 ℃ for 5h, and then thawing to obtain thawed sericin;

(4) carrying out enzymolysis on the unfrozen sericin at 42 ℃ for 8h, keeping the temperature at 94 ℃ for 3h for enzyme deactivation, filtering to remove large particles, and carrying out irradiation sterilization at the dose of 4KGy to obtain the sericin, wherein the molecular weight of the sericin is 2000 Da.

Example 8

(1) Cleaning the dry flower glue, and then soaking in water to obtain foaming flower glue;

(2) crushing the foamed gum into fragments, adding water, and cooking for 5 hours to obtain gum slurry;

(3) freezing the sericin slurry at-16 ℃ for 3h to form a sand ice shape, uniformly stirring, freezing at-26 ℃ for 5h, and then thawing to obtain thawed sericin;

(4) performing enzymolysis on the unfrozen sericin at 40 ℃ for 8h, keeping the temperature at 92 ℃ for 3h for enzyme deactivation, filtering to remove large particles, and performing irradiation sterilization at the dose of 2KGy to obtain the sericin, wherein the molecular weight of the sericin is 2500 Da.

Comparative example 1

The procedure was the same as in example 1 except that the procedure (3) was not carried out.

Comparative example 2

The procedure of example 1 was repeated except that the step (3) was carried out by freezing the gum syrup at-25 ℃ for 3 hours to a slush state, stirring the frozen gum syrup uniformly, freezing the frozen gum syrup at-35 ℃ for 5 hours, and thawing the frozen gum syrup to obtain a thawed gum.

The composite gum prepared in each of the above examples and comparative examples was subjected to score evaluation according to the satisfaction evaluation table shown in table 2 below.

TABLE 2 score scoring criteria

The satisfaction scoring result is the sum of the scores of the above items.

100 volunteers with similar ages are equally divided into 10 groups, each group comprises 10 persons, the groups correspond to the examples 1 to 8 and the comparative examples 1 to 2 respectively, the groups 1 to 8 respectively eat the composite scotch gum in the examples 1 to 8 every day, the groups 9 to 10 respectively eat the composite scotch gum in the comparative examples 1 to 2 every day, the composite scotch gums prepared in the examples 1 to 8 and the comparative examples 1 to 2 are scored according to the table 2, and then the average value is recorded in the following table 3.

TABLE 3 score scoring results

As can be seen from Table 3, the satisfaction evaluation of the sericin prepared in the examples 1-8 is obviously higher than that of the sericin prepared in the comparative examples 1 and 2, the comparative example 1 is not frozen, and the freezing temperature of the comparative example 2 is not within the range of the invention, so that the preparation method of the sericin provided by the invention has obvious advantages and market competitiveness.

By combining the results, the flower gum prepared by the preparation method of the flower gum provided by the invention has the advantages of good taste, rich nutrition, easy absorption by human body after eating, high relative absorption rate, obvious advantages and obvious market competitiveness.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents of the present invention, which are made by the present specification and directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields within the spirit of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.