Method for measuring bone density through DR shooting and DR shooting equipment
阅读说明：本技术 一种通过dr拍摄测量骨密度的方法及dr拍摄设备 (Method for measuring bone density through DR shooting and DR shooting equipment ) 是由 吴宏新 王亚杰 张文宇 何艾静 张康平 孙宇 王继斌 于 2020-12-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种通过DR拍摄测量骨密度的方法及DR拍摄设备,通过DR拍摄测量骨密度的方法包括以下步骤：S1,朝向被扫描体发送X射线,从而获取口内片；S2,分别获取穿过所述被扫描体的高能量X射线和低能量X射线；S3,处理单元分别获取穿过所述被扫描体的高能量X射线和低能量X射线,采用图像重建算法得到骨骼组织的密度图像。通过上述方法可以获得骨骼组织的密度图像,从而解决现有技术中需要依靠口腔临床医师通过肉眼观察患者术前拍摄的牙片,通过骨小梁的空间排布的稀疏程度来进行颌骨骨密度的分级判别,由于缺乏准确的骨密度数值作为精准参考,容易造成较大的误差、影响手术成功率的问题。(A method of measuring bone density through DR shooting and a DR shooting device, the method of measuring bone density through DR shooting includes the steps of: s1, sending X-ray to the scanned body, thereby obtaining the intra-oral disc; s2, respectively acquiring high-energy X-rays and low-energy X-rays which pass through the scanned body; s3, the processing unit respectively obtains the high energy X-ray and the low energy X-ray which pass through the scanned body, and the density image of the bone tissue is obtained by adopting an image reconstruction algorithm. The density image of the bone tissue can be obtained by the method, so that the problems that in the prior art, dental films shot before operation of a patient need to be observed by oral clinicians through naked eyes, the bone density of jawbone is judged in a grading manner through the sparse degree of spatial arrangement of trabeculae, and the accurate bone density value is not used as an accurate reference, so that a large error is easily caused, and the success rate of operation is influenced are solved.)
1. A method for measuring bone density by DR photography, comprising the steps of:
s1, sending X-ray to the scanned body, thereby obtaining the intra-oral disc;
s2, respectively acquiring high-energy X-rays and low-energy X-rays which pass through the scanned body;
s3, the processing unit respectively obtains the high energy X-ray and the low energy X-ray which pass through the scanned body, and the density image of the bone tissue is obtained by adopting an image reconstruction algorithm.
2. The method for measuring bone density through DR photography according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, comprising: a radiation source;
scanning twice by the ray source in the process of acquiring the oral cavity so as to respectively obtain a group of high-energy attenuation data and a group of low-energy attenuation data;
the radiation source is used for sending high-energy X rays to a scanned body to obtain a group of high-energy attenuation data in the process of one scanning under a high-pressure exposure condition;
the radiation source is used for sending low-energy X-rays to a scanned body to obtain a set of low-energy attenuation data during another scanning process under a low-pressure exposure condition.
3. The method for measuring bone density through DR photography according to claim 1,
in step S1, the method includes: a radiation source; the ray source scans once and sends high-energy X rays towards a scanned body; in step S1, attenuation processing is performed on part of the high-energy X-rays by a filter principle, so that the radiation source simultaneously transmits low-energy X-rays toward a scanned object;
in step S2, a radiation receiving mechanism receives high-energy X-rays and low-energy X-rays that have passed through the scanned body.
4. The method for measuring bone density through DR photography according to claim 1,
the radiation intensity measurements for the high-energy X-rays were: i ish＝I0hexp[-(mtμth+msμsh)]
The radiation intensity measurements for the low energy X-rays are: i isl＝I0lexp[-(mtμtl+msμsl)]
Wherein, Ih: radiation intensity measurement of high energy X-rays
Il: radiation intensity measurement of low energy X-rays
I0h: incident intensity measurement of high energy X-rays
I0l: incident intensity measurement of low energy X-rays
mt: areal density of bone tissue
ms: areal density of soft tissue
μth: mass absorption coefficient of bone tissue to high-energy X-ray
μtl: mass absorption coefficient of bone tissue to low energy X-rays
μsh: mass absorption coefficient of soft tissue to high-energy X-ray
μsl: the mass absorption coefficient of soft tissue for low energy X-rays.
5. The method for measuring bone density through DR photography according to claim 1,
the areal density of bone tissue was:
the areal density of the soft tissue was:
wherein the surface density of the bone tissue is the bone mineral density;
Ih: radiation intensity measurement of high energy X-rays
Il: radiation intensity measurement of low energy X-rays
I0h: incident intensity measurement of high energy X-rays
I0l: incident intensity measurement of low energy X-rays
mt: areal density of bone tissue
ms: areal density of soft tissue
μth: mass absorption coefficient of bone tissue to high-energy X-ray
μtl: mass absorption coefficient of bone tissue to low energy X-rays
μsh: mass absorption system of soft tissue for high-energy X-rayNumber of
μsl: the mass absorption coefficient of soft tissue for low energy X-rays.
6. A DR photographing apparatus, comprising:
a radiation generating mechanism for transmitting X-rays toward a scanned object;
a radiation receiving mechanism for receiving high-energy X-rays and low-energy X-rays that have passed through the scanned body;
and the processing unit is used for receiving the high-energy X-ray data and the low-energy X-ray data and calculating the density image of the bone tissue by adopting an image reconstruction algorithm.
7. The DR capture device of claim 6,
the ray generating mechanism is an intraoral shooting main machine (1), and the intraoral shooting main machine (1) comprises: the X-ray machine head comprises a rotating arm (2) and an X-ray machine head (3) arranged on the rotating arm (2); the rotating arm (2) has an unfolded state and a folded state;
the DR photographing apparatus further includes: the controller (4) is in communication connection with the main machine (1) of the intraoral shooting machine to control the starting or stopping of the X-ray machine head (3).
8. The DR capture device of claim 6 or 7,
the ray generating mechanism sends high-energy X rays to a scanned body;
the ray receiving mechanism comprises: the device comprises a first detection crystal array, a second detection crystal array and a filter plate, wherein the first detection crystal array and the second detection crystal array are arranged in an overlapping mode, and the filter plate is arranged between the first detection crystal array and the second detection crystal array.
9. The DR capture device of claim 6 or 7,
the ray generating mechanism sends high-energy X rays to a scanned body; the ray receiving mechanism comprises: the device comprises a detection crystal array and a filter arranged on the surface of the detection crystal array; the filter includes: a first filter part (5) and a second filter part (6) arranged on the surface of the detection crystal array; the first filtering part (5) and the second filtering part (6) receive high-energy X-rays passing through the same scanned body and convert the high-energy X-rays into high-energy X-rays and low-energy X-rays respectively; or the like, or, alternatively,
the ray generating mechanism sends high-energy X rays to a scanned body; the ray receiving mechanism comprises: the device comprises a detection crystal array and a filter arranged on the surface of the detection crystal array; the filter includes: a third filtering part, which is arranged at one side of the surface of the detection crystal array; and the detection crystal array and the third filter portion receive high-energy X-rays passing through the same scanned object, and the third filter portion converts the high-energy X-rays into low-energy X-rays.
10. The DR capture device of claim 6 or 7,
the ray generating mechanism includes: a transmission source for transmitting the X-rays, and a ray controller; the ray controller is electrically connected with the ray generating mechanism and used for controlling the exposure condition of the ray generating mechanism, and the ray controller controls the transmitting source to transmit high-energy X rays under the high-voltage exposure condition or controls the transmitting source to transmit low-energy X rays under the low-voltage exposure condition; or the like, or, alternatively,
the ray generating mechanism includes: the X-ray detector comprises a transmitting source for transmitting X-rays and a filter arranged at the position of a beam outlet of the transmitting source; the filter includes: the first filtering part (5) and the second filtering part (6) are arranged on two sides of the surface of the beam outlet; and the first filter part (5) and the second filter part (6) respectively send high-energy X-rays and low-energy X-rays towards the same scanned body; or the like, or, alternatively,
the ray generating mechanism includes: the X-ray detector comprises a transmitting source for transmitting X-rays and a filter arranged at the position of a beam outlet of the transmitting source; the filter includes: the third filtering part is arranged on one side of the surface of the beam outlet; and, the detection crystal array and the portion thereof not provided with the third filter portion transmit high-energy X-rays and low-energy X-rays toward the same scanned object, respectively.
11. A DR capture device of claim 6 or 7, wherein the DR capture device comprises: a three-in-one oral CBCT head radiography device (8) and/or an intraoral dental film machine.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical equipment, in particular to a method for measuring bone density through DR shooting and DR shooting equipment.
Background
The dental implant is the most ideal form of edentulous restoration so far, the implementation process is quite complex, before the dental implant is carried out, a patient needs to carry out radiographic inspection on a pre-implant part for carrying out multi-aspect evaluation, wherein the evaluation of the bone density of a implant area is a key step for obtaining the success of dental implant, the accurate, effective and practical measurement of the bone density of jawbone is carried out, and the dental implant has very important guiding function for the formulation of implant and periodontal surgery and the judgment of prognosis. Besides, oral bone loss is an important factor influencing tooth retention and denture repair success, the etiology, occurrence and development rules of the oral bone loss are important, and the internal connection with systemic bone loss such as osteoporosis is important, and the oral bone loss is mainly researched through measurement of bone density of jawbones. Therefore, oral bone density measurement has important clinical value.
In the prior art, the mandible has the problems of irregular shape, special position, more soft and hard tissues around the mandible and oral cavity stenosis. In order to determine the bone density of a jawbone, in current clinical applications in dentistry, a doctor or a technician obtains a dental photograph by using an intraoral camera, i.e., a DR photographing apparatus. Furthermore, the doctor or the technician can judge the bone density of the jawbone according to the sparse degree of the spatial arrangement of the trabeculae in the dental photography, and can only judge the bone density of the jawbone according to grades, and no specific bone density value is taken as an accurate reference. The lack of accurate bone density values as accurate reference easily causes great errors and affects the success rate of the operation. Therefore, a special measurement method for the bone density of the jawbone needs to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention aims to provide a method for measuring bone density by DR shooting and DR shooting equipment, so as to solve the problems that in the prior art, jaw bone density images cannot be directly obtained, dental films shot before operation of a patient need to be observed by oral clinicians through naked eyes, and the jaw bone density is judged in a grading way through the sparsity degree of spatial arrangement of bone trabeculae, and because an accurate bone density numerical value is not used as an accurate reference, a larger error is easily caused, and the success rate of the operation is easily influenced. The application provides a method for measuring bone density through DR shooting, which comprises the following steps:
s1, sending X-ray to the scanned body, thereby obtaining the intra-oral disc;
s2, respectively acquiring high-energy X-rays and low-energy X-rays which pass through the scanned body;
s3, the processing unit respectively obtains the high energy X-ray and the low energy X-ray which pass through the scanned body, and the density image of the bone tissue is obtained by adopting an image reconstruction algorithm.
Optionally, in step S1, the method includes: a radiation source;
scanning twice by the ray source in the process of acquiring the oral cavity so as to respectively obtain a group of high-energy attenuation data and a group of low-energy attenuation data;
the radiation source is used for sending high-energy X rays to a scanned body to obtain a group of high-energy attenuation data in the process of one scanning under a high-pressure exposure condition;
the radiation source is used for sending low-energy X-rays to a scanned body to obtain a set of low-energy attenuation data during another scanning process under a low-pressure exposure condition.
Optionally, in step S1, the method includes: a radiation source; the ray source scans once and sends high-energy X rays towards a scanned body; in step S1, attenuation processing is performed on part of the high-energy X-rays by a filter principle, so that the radiation source simultaneously transmits low-energy X-rays toward a scanned object;
in step S2, a radiation receiving mechanism receives high-energy X-rays and low-energy X-rays that have passed through the scanned body.
Optionally, the radiation intensity measurement of the high-energy X-ray is: ih ═ I0hexp[-(mtμth+msμsh
The radiation intensity measurements for the low energy X-rays are: i isl＝I0lexp[-(mtμtl+msμsl)]
Wherein, Ih: radiation intensity measurement of high energy X-rays
Il: radiation intensity measurement of low energy X-rays
I0h: incident intensity measurement of high energy X-rays
I0l: incident intensity measurement of low energy X-rays
mt: areal density of bone tissue
ms: areal density of soft tissue
μth: mass absorption coefficient of bone tissue to high-energy X-ray
μtl: mass absorption coefficient of bone tissue to low energy X-rays
μsh: mass absorption coefficient of soft tissue to high-energy X-ray
μsl: the mass absorption coefficient of soft tissue for low energy X-rays.
Optionally, the areal density of bone tissue is:
the areal density of the soft tissue was:
wherein the surface density of the bone tissue is the bone mineral density;
Ih: radiation intensity measurement of high energy X-rays
Il: radiation intensity measurement of low energy X-rays
I0h: incident intensity measurement of high energy X-rays
I0l: incident intensity of low-energy X-raysMeasured value
mt: areal density of bone tissue
ms: areal density of soft tissue
μth: mass absorption coefficient of bone tissue to high-energy X-ray
μtl: mass absorption coefficient of bone tissue to low energy X-rays
μsh: mass absorption coefficient of soft tissue to high-energy X-ray
μsl: the mass absorption coefficient of soft tissue for low energy X-rays.
A DR photographing apparatus comprising:
a radiation generating mechanism for transmitting X-rays toward a scanned object;
a radiation receiving mechanism for receiving high-energy X-rays and low-energy X-rays that have passed through the scanned body;
and the processing unit is used for receiving the high-energy X-ray data and the low-energy X-ray data and calculating the density image of the bone tissue by adopting an image reconstruction algorithm.
Optionally, the ray generating mechanism is an intraoral camera main unit, and the intraoral camera main unit includes: the X-ray machine head is arranged on the rotating arm; the rotating arm has an unfolded state and a folded state;
the DR photographing apparatus further includes: and the controller is in communication connection with the host of the intraoral camera to control the X-ray head to start or stop.
Optionally, the radiation generating mechanism sends high-energy X-rays towards the scanned object;
the ray receiving mechanism comprises: the device comprises a first detection crystal array, a second detection crystal array and a filter plate, wherein the first detection crystal array and the second detection crystal array are arranged in an overlapping mode, and the filter plate is arranged between the first detection crystal array and the second detection crystal array.
Optionally, the radiation generating mechanism sends high-energy X-rays towards the scanned object; the ray receiving mechanism comprises: the device comprises a detection crystal array and a filter arranged on the surface of the detection crystal array; the filter includes: the first filtering part and the second filtering part are arranged on the surface of the detection crystal array; the first filter unit and the second filter unit receive high-energy X-rays that have passed through the same object to be scanned, and convert the high-energy X-rays into high-energy X-rays and low-energy X-rays, respectively.
Optionally, the radiation generating mechanism sends high-energy X-rays towards the scanned object; the ray receiving mechanism comprises: the device comprises a detection crystal array and a filter arranged on the surface of the detection crystal array; the filter includes: a third filtering part, which is arranged at one side of the surface of the detection crystal array; and the detection crystal array and the third filter portion receive high-energy X-rays passing through the same scanned object, and the third filter portion converts the high-energy X-rays into low-energy X-rays.
Optionally, the radiation generating mechanism includes: a transmission source for transmitting the X-rays, and a ray controller; the ray controller is electrically connected with the ray generating mechanism and used for controlling the exposure condition of the ray generating mechanism, and the ray controller controls the transmitting source to transmit high-energy X rays under the high-pressure exposure condition or controls the transmitting source to transmit low-energy X rays under the low-pressure exposure condition.
Optionally, the radiation generating mechanism includes: the X-ray detector comprises a transmitting source for transmitting X-rays and a filter arranged at the position of a beam outlet of the transmitting source; the filter includes: the first filtering part and the second filtering part are arranged on two sides of the surface of the beam outlet; and the first filter unit and the second filter unit respectively transmit high-energy X-rays and low-energy X-rays toward the same object to be scanned.
Optionally, the radiation generating mechanism includes: the X-ray detector comprises a transmitting source for transmitting X-rays and a filter arranged at the position of a beam outlet of the transmitting source; the filter includes: the third filtering part is arranged on one side of the surface of the beam outlet; and, the detection crystal array and the portion thereof not provided with the third filter portion transmit high-energy X-rays and low-energy X-rays toward the same scanned object, respectively.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention provides a method for measuring bone density through DR shooting, which comprises the following steps: s1, sending X-ray to the scanned body, thereby obtaining the intra-oral disc; s2, respectively acquiring high-energy X-rays and low-energy X-rays which pass through the scanned body; s3, the processing unit respectively obtains the high energy X-ray and the low energy X-ray which pass through the scanned body, and the density image of the bone tissue is obtained by adopting an image reconstruction algorithm.
In the invention, a processing unit respectively acquires high-energy X-rays and low-energy X-rays which pass through the scanned body. When X-rays pass through an object, tissues with different densities absorb different amounts of the X-rays, and bone density is measured. The imaging resolution of the low-energy X-ray to the soft tissue is the highest, and the imaging resolution of the high-energy X-ray to the bone tissue is the highest. When X-rays with high and low energies penetrate through a human body, the difference between the X-rays with the high and low energies is small on soft tissues, the X-rays with the high and low energies have large difference on bone tissues, signals are acquired by corresponding detection probes and then are subjected to calculation processing, and the high and low energy results are subtracted, so that the influence of the soft tissues on bone density measurement can be eliminated. The image reconstruction algorithm is adopted to obtain the density image of the bone tissue, and then high-energy projection data and low-energy projection data are obtained. Attenuation curves under two different photon energies can be obtained through the high-energy projection data and the low-energy projection data, and the surface density of bone tissues and the surface density of soft tissues can be obtained through the ray intensity measured value of the high-energy X-ray and the ray intensity measured value of the low-energy X-ray, so that a bone density image of a shot area is obtained. The density image of the bone tissue can be directly obtained through the mode, so that the problem that in the prior art, an oral clinician is required to observe a dental film of a patient through naked eyes, an accurate bone density numerical value is lacked as an accurate reference, and the accuracy of bone density evaluation is poor is effectively solved. Moreover, the problems that in the prior art, due to the lack of accurate bone mineral density numerical values as accurate references, large errors are easily caused and the success rate of the operation is affected are solved.
2. The present invention provides a method for measuring bone density through DR photography, comprising, in step S1: a radiation source; scanning twice by the ray source in the process of acquiring the oral cavity so as to respectively obtain a group of high-energy attenuation data and a group of low-energy attenuation data; the radiation source is used for sending high-energy X rays to a scanned body to obtain a group of high-energy attenuation data in the process of one scanning under a high-pressure exposure condition; the radiation source is used for sending low-energy X-rays to a scanned body to obtain a set of low-energy attenuation data during another scanning process under a low-pressure exposure condition.
A group of high-energy attenuation data and a group of low-energy attenuation data which are required are obtained by scanning one ray source twice, and the production and maintenance cost of the oral panoramic equipment can be effectively reduced by a single ray source.
3. The present invention provides a method for measuring bone density through DR photography, comprising, in step S1: a radiation source; the ray source scans once and sends high-energy X rays towards a scanned body; in step S1, attenuation processing is performed on part of the high-energy X-rays by a filter principle, so that the radiation source simultaneously transmits low-energy X-rays toward a scanned object; in step S2, a radiation receiving mechanism receives high-energy X-rays and low-energy X-rays that have passed through the scanned body.
The invention can simultaneously transmit high-energy X rays and low-energy X rays to the same scanned body through the filter, and then receive the high-energy X rays and the low-energy X rays which penetrate through the scanned body through the ray receiving mechanism. By the method, the high-energy X-rays and the low-energy X-rays which penetrate through the patient to be detected can be obtained respectively, so that high-energy projection data and low-energy projection data are obtained.
4. The present invention provides a DR photographing apparatus including: a radiation generating mechanism for transmitting X-rays toward a scanned object; and the ray receiving mechanism is used for receiving the high-energy X rays and the low-energy X rays which penetrate through the scanned body.
The high-energy X-ray and the low-energy X-ray which penetrate through the scanned body can be acquired through the ray receiving mechanism, so that a curved surface tomography projection image is acquired, high-energy projection data and low-energy projection data are acquired, a density image of bone tissues is acquired, an accurate bone density numerical value is provided as an accurate reference, and the accuracy of bone density accuracy assessment is improved.
5. According to the DR shooting device provided by the invention, the ray generating mechanism sends high-energy X rays towards the scanned body; the ray receiving mechanism comprises: the device comprises a first detection crystal array, a second detection crystal array and a filter plate, wherein the first detection crystal array and the second detection crystal array are arranged in an overlapping mode, and the filter plate is arranged between the first detection crystal array and the second detection crystal array.
According to the invention, the filter is arranged between the first detection crystal array and the second detection crystal array, the filter can shape rays to reduce the energy overlapping area of the high-energy X rays and the low-energy X rays, and the energy is respectively detected through the first detection crystal array and the second detection crystal array, so that high-energy projection data and low-energy projection data are obtained, and the density image of the bone tissue is obtained.
6. According to the DR shooting device provided by the invention, the ray generating mechanism sends high-energy X rays towards the scanned body; the ray receiving mechanism comprises: the device comprises a detection crystal array and a filter arranged on the surface of the detection crystal array; the filter includes: the first filtering part and the second filtering part are arranged on the surface of the detection crystal array; the first filter unit and the second filter unit receive high-energy X-rays that have passed through the same object to be scanned, and convert the high-energy X-rays into high-energy X-rays and low-energy X-rays, respectively.
The first and second filter units are provided on the surface of the probe crystal array, and have different transmittances. The first filtering part with high transmissivity obtains high-energy X rays, the second filtering part with low transmissivity obtains low-energy X rays, and then the two high-energy X rays and the low-energy X rays are respectively received by the detecting crystal array.
7. According to the DR shooting device provided by the invention, the ray generating mechanism sends high-energy X rays towards the scanned body; the ray receiving mechanism comprises: the device comprises a detection crystal array and a filter arranged on the surface of the detection crystal array; the filter includes: a third filtering part, which is arranged at one side of the surface of the detection crystal array; and the detection crystal array and the third filter portion receive high-energy X-rays passing through the same scanned object, and the third filter portion converts the high-energy X-rays into low-energy X-rays.
One side of the detection crystal array is not provided with a filter, and the other side is provided with a filter. The side of the crystal array not provided with the filter is detected to obtain high-energy X-rays, and the side provided with the filter is detected to obtain low-energy X-rays. The detecting crystal array respectively receives the two high and low energy X-rays
8. The invention provides a DR shooting device, wherein the ray generating mechanism comprises: a transmission source for transmitting the X-rays, and a ray controller; the ray controller is electrically connected with the ray generating mechanism and used for controlling the exposure condition of the ray generating mechanism, and the ray controller controls the transmitting source to transmit high-energy X rays under the high-pressure exposure condition or controls the transmitting source to transmit low-energy X rays under the low-pressure exposure condition.
The ray controller can control the sending sources to respectively send high-energy X rays and low-energy X rays under high-pressure exposure conditions and low-pressure exposure conditions, so that a density image of the bone tissue is effectively obtained, and the cost for arranging the two sending sources is saved.
9. The invention provides a DR shooting device, wherein the ray generating mechanism comprises: the X-ray detector comprises a transmitting source for transmitting X-rays and a filter arranged at the position of a beam outlet of the transmitting source; the filter includes: the first filtering part and the second filtering part are arranged on two sides of the surface of the beam outlet; and the first filter unit and the second filter unit respectively transmit high-energy X-rays and low-energy X-rays toward the same object to be scanned.
The first filter and the second filter are symmetrically arranged on the surface of the beam outlet of the transmission source and are arranged in the same direction with the symmetric axis of the scanned object. High-energy X-rays are emitted through the first filter unit, and low-energy X-rays are emitted through the second filter unit. The transmission source can be made to transmit the high-energy X-rays and the low-energy X-rays at the same time efficiently, so that the transmission of the high-energy X-rays and the low-energy X-rays can be accomplished with a low production manufacturing cost.
10. The invention provides a DR shooting device, wherein the ray generating mechanism comprises: the X-ray detector comprises a transmitting source for transmitting X-rays and a filter arranged at the position of a beam outlet of the transmitting source; the filter includes: the third filtering part is arranged on one side of the surface of the beam outlet; and, the detection crystal array and the portion thereof not provided with the third filter portion transmit high-energy X-rays and low-energy X-rays toward the same scanned object, respectively.
A third filter portion is provided on one side of the surface of the beam outlet of the transmission source. High-energy X-rays are emitted through the air without passing through the third filter unit, and low-energy X-rays are emitted through the third filter unit. The transmission source can be made to transmit the high-energy X-rays and the low-energy X-rays at the same time efficiently, so that the transmission of the high-energy X-rays and the low-energy X-rays can be accomplished with a low production manufacturing cost.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a front view of an intraoral dental film machine provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of an intraoral dental film machine according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the relative positions of the first filter part and the second filter part with respect to the scanned object according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic three-in-one oral CBCT structure provided by the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-main machine of intraoral film making machine; 2-a rotating arm; 3-X-ray machine head; 4-a controller; 5-a first filtration section; 6-a second filtration section; 7-teeth; 8-skull photography equipment.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Example 1
A method for measuring bone density by DR photography, comprising the steps of:
s1, sending X-ray to the scanned body, thereby obtaining the intra-oral disc; in step S1, the method includes: a radiation source; scanning twice by the ray source in the process of acquiring the oral cavity so as to respectively obtain a group of high-energy attenuation data and a group of low-energy attenuation data; the radiation source is used for sending high-energy X rays to a scanned body to obtain a group of high-energy attenuation data in the process of one scanning under a high-pressure exposure condition; the radiation source is used for sending low-energy X rays to a scanned body to obtain a group of low-energy attenuation data in the other scanning process under the low-pressure exposure condition;
s2, respectively acquiring high-energy X-rays and low-energy X-rays which pass through the scanned body;
s3, the processing unit respectively obtains the high energy X-ray and the low energy X-ray which pass through the scanned body, and the density image of the bone tissue is obtained by adopting an image reconstruction algorithm.
In the invention, a processing unit respectively acquires high-energy X-rays and low-energy X-rays which pass through the scanned body. When X-rays pass through an object, tissues with different densities absorb different amounts of the X-rays, and bone density is measured. The imaging resolution of the low-energy X-ray to the soft tissue is the highest, and the imaging resolution of the high-energy X-ray to the bone tissue is the highest. When X-rays with high and low energies penetrate through a human body, the difference between the X-rays with the high and low energies is small on soft tissues, the X-rays with the high and low energies have large difference on bone tissues, signals are acquired by corresponding detection probes and then are subjected to calculation processing, and the high and low energy results are subtracted, so that the influence of the soft tissues on bone density measurement can be eliminated. The image reconstruction algorithm is adopted to obtain the density image of the bone tissue, and then high-energy projection data and low-energy projection data are obtained. Attenuation curves under two different photon energies can be obtained through the high-energy projection data and the low-energy projection data, and the surface density of bone tissues and the surface density of soft tissues can be obtained through the ray intensity measured value of the high-energy X-ray and the ray intensity measured value of the low-energy X-ray, so that a bone density image of a shot area is obtained. The density image of the bone tissue can be directly obtained through the mode, so that the problem that in the prior art, an oral clinician is required to observe a dental film of a patient through naked eyes, an accurate bone density numerical value is lacked as an accurate reference, and the accuracy of bone density evaluation is poor is effectively solved. Moreover, the problems that in the prior art, due to the lack of accurate bone mineral density numerical values as accurate references, large errors are easily caused and the success rate of the operation is affected are solved.
In the present embodiment, it is preferred that,
the radiation intensity measurements for the high-energy X-rays were: ih ═ I0hexp[-(mtμth+msμsh)]
The radiation intensity measurements for the low energy X-rays are: il ═ I0lexp[-(mtμtl+msμsl)]
The areal density of bone tissue was:
the areal density of the soft tissue was:
wherein the surface density of the bone tissue is the bone mineral density;
Ih: radiation intensity measurement of high energy X-rays
Il: radiation intensity measurement of low energy X-rays
I0h: incident intensity measurement of high energy X-rays
I0l: incident intensity measurement of low energy X-rays
mt: areal density of bone tissue
ms: areal density of soft tissue
μth: mass absorption coefficient of bone tissue to high-energy X-ray
μtl: mass absorption coefficient of bone tissue to low energy X-rays
μsh: mass absorption coefficient of soft tissue to high-energy X-ray
μsl: the mass absorption coefficient of soft tissue for low energy X-rays.
Example 2
A method for measuring bone density by DR photography, comprising the steps of:
s1, sending X-ray to the scanned body, thereby obtaining the intra-oral disc; in step S1, the method includes: a radiation source; the ray source scans once and sends high-energy X rays towards a scanned body; in step S1, attenuation processing is performed on part of the high-energy X-rays by a filter principle, so that the radiation source simultaneously transmits low-energy X-rays toward a scanned object;
s2, a ray receiving mechanism receives the high-energy X-ray and the low-energy X-ray which pass through the scanned body;
s3, the processing unit respectively obtains the high energy X-ray and the low energy X-ray which pass through the scanned body, and the density image of the bone tissue is obtained by adopting an image reconstruction algorithm.
Example 3
A DR photography apparatus, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, is an intraoral dental machine,
it includes:
a radiation generating mechanism that transmits high-energy X-rays toward a scanned object; the ray generating mechanism is an intraoral camera shooting main machine, and the intraoral camera shooting main machine comprises: the X-ray machine head is arranged on the rotating arm; the rotating arm has an unfolded state and a folded state;
a radiation receiving mechanism for receiving high-energy X-rays and low-energy X-rays that have passed through the scanned body; the ray receiving mechanism includes: the device comprises a first detection crystal array, a second detection crystal array and a filter plate, wherein the first detection crystal array and the second detection crystal array are arranged in an overlapped mode, and the filter plate is arranged between the first detection crystal array and the second detection crystal array;
and the controller is in communication connection with the host of the intraoral camera to control the X-ray head to start or stop.
Example 4
A DR photographing apparatus, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, comprising:
a radiation generating mechanism that transmits high-energy X-rays or low-energy X-rays toward a scanned object; the ray generating mechanism is an intraoral shooting machine host 1 and a ray controller, and the intraoral shooting machine host 1 comprises: the X-ray machine comprises a rotating arm 2 and an X-ray machine head 3 arranged on the rotating arm 2; the rotating arm 2 has an unfolded state and a folded state; the ray controller is electrically connected with the ray generating mechanism and used for controlling the exposure condition of the ray generating mechanism, and the ray controller controls the transmitting source to transmit high-energy X rays under the high-voltage exposure condition or controls the transmitting source to transmit low-energy X rays under the low-voltage exposure condition;
a radiation receiving mechanism for receiving high-energy X-rays and low-energy X-rays that have passed through the scanned body;
and the controller 4 is in communication connection with the main machine 1 of the intraoral photographing machine to control the starting or stopping of the X-ray machine head 3.
Example 5
A DR photographing apparatus, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, comprising:
a radiation generating mechanism that transmits high-energy X-rays toward a scanned object; the ray generating mechanism is an intraoral camera shooting machine host 1, and the intraoral camera shooting machine host 1 comprises: the X-ray machine comprises a rotating arm 2 and an X-ray machine head 3 arranged on the rotating arm 2; the rotating arm 2 has an unfolded state and a folded state;
a radiation receiving mechanism for receiving high-energy X-rays and low-energy X-rays that have passed through the scanned body; as shown in fig. 3, the radiation receiving mechanism includes: the device comprises a detection crystal array and a filter arranged on the surface of the detection crystal array; the filter includes: a first filter part 5 and a second filter part 6 provided on the surface of the detection crystal array; the first filter unit 5 and the second filter unit 6 receive high-energy X-rays that have passed through the same object to be scanned, and convert the high-energy X-rays into high-energy X-rays and low-energy X-rays, respectively;
and the controller 4 is in communication connection with the main machine 1 of the intraoral photographing machine to control the starting or stopping of the X-ray machine head 3.
Example 6
A DR photographing apparatus, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, comprising:
a radiation generating mechanism that transmits high-energy X-rays toward a scanned object; the ray generating mechanism is an intraoral camera shooting machine host 1, and the intraoral camera shooting machine host 1 comprises: the X-ray machine comprises a rotating arm 2 and an X-ray machine head 3 arranged on the rotating arm 2; the rotating arm 2 has an unfolded state and a folded state;
a radiation receiving mechanism for receiving high-energy X-rays and low-energy X-rays that have passed through the scanned body; the ray receiving mechanism includes: the device comprises a detection crystal array and a filter arranged on the surface of the detection crystal array; the filter includes: a third filtering part, which is arranged at one side of the surface of the detection crystal array; the part of the detection crystal array which is not provided with the third filtering part and the third filtering part receive high-energy X-rays which pass through the same scanned body, and the high-energy X-rays are converted into low-energy X-rays by the third filtering part;
and the controller 4 is in communication connection with the main machine 1 of the intraoral photographing machine to control the starting or stopping of the X-ray machine head 3.
Example 7
A DR photographing apparatus, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, comprising:
a radiation generating mechanism that transmits high-energy X-rays toward a scanned object; the ray generating mechanism is an intraoral camera shooting machine host 1, and the intraoral camera shooting machine host 1 comprises: the X-ray machine comprises a rotating arm 2 and an X-ray machine head 3 arranged on the rotating arm 2; the rotating arm 2 has an unfolded state and a folded state; the main body 1 of the intraoral camera includes: the X-ray machine head 3 is used for sending X-rays, and the filter is arranged at the beam outlet position of the X-ray machine head 3; the filter includes: the first filtering part 5 and the second filtering part 6 are arranged on two sides of the surface of the beam outlet; the first filter unit 5 and the second filter unit 6 transmit high-energy X-rays and low-energy X-rays toward the same object to be scanned, respectively;
a radiation receiving mechanism for receiving high-energy X-rays and low-energy X-rays that have passed through the scanned body;
and the controller 4 is in communication connection with the main machine 1 of the intraoral photographing machine to control the starting or stopping of the X-ray machine head 3.
Example 8
A DR photographing apparatus, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, comprising:
a radiation generating mechanism that transmits high-energy X-rays toward a scanned object; the ray generating mechanism is an intraoral camera shooting machine host 1, and the intraoral camera shooting machine host 1 comprises: the X-ray machine comprises a rotating arm 2 and an X-ray machine head 3 arranged on the rotating arm 2; the rotating arm 2 has an unfolded state and a folded state;
the main body 1 of the intraoral camera includes: a transmitting source for transmitting X-rays, and a filter provided at a beam outlet position of the X-ray head 3; the filter includes: the third filtering part is arranged on one side of the surface of the beam outlet; and the part of the detection crystal array which is not provided with the third filtering part and the third filtering part respectively send high-energy X-rays and low-energy X-rays towards the same scanned body;
a radiation receiving mechanism for receiving high-energy X-rays and low-energy X-rays that have passed through the scanned body;
and the controller 4 is in communication connection with the main machine 1 of the intraoral photographing machine to control the starting or stopping of the X-ray machine head 3.
Example 9
A DR photography apparatus, as shown in FIG. 4, is a three-in-one oral CBCT cephalography apparatus 8,
it includes:
a radiation generating mechanism that transmits high-energy X-rays toward a scanned object; the ray generating mechanism is an intraoral camera shooting machine host 1, and the intraoral camera shooting machine host 1 comprises: the X-ray machine comprises a rotating arm 2 and an X-ray machine head 3 arranged on the rotating arm 2; the rotating arm 2 has an unfolded state and a folded state;
a radiation receiving mechanism for receiving high-energy X-rays and low-energy X-rays that have passed through the scanned body; the ray receiving mechanism includes: the device comprises a first detection crystal array, a second detection crystal array and a filter plate, wherein the first detection crystal array and the second detection crystal array are arranged in an overlapped mode, and the filter plate is arranged between the first detection crystal array and the second detection crystal array;
and the controller 4 is in communication connection with the main machine 1 of the intraoral photographing machine to control the starting or stopping of the X-ray machine head 3.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
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