阅读说明：本技术 一种新型骨钉结构 (Novel bone nail structure ) 是由 路迎 于 2021-01-05 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种可减少骨伤害的新型骨钉结构,包括骨钉圆柱型头部和骨钉杆部,骨钉杆部由大外径杆部、外径渐变杆部、小外径杆部组成,大外径杆部的外径大于小外径杆部的外径,大外径杆部的杆径大于小外径杆部的杆径,大外径杆部、外径渐变杆部、小外径杆部上的螺距相等,或不等；还提供了一种新型骨钉结构,包括骨钉圆柱型头部和骨钉杆部,骨钉杆部包括大螺距杆部和小螺距杆部,大螺距杆部、小螺距杆部的杆径和外径分别相等,大螺距杆部的螺距与小螺距杆部上的螺距不等,骨钉杆部2b还包括螺距渐变杆部,螺距渐变杆部上的螺距为渐变式；本发明可减少骨钉钻入病人骨质时的阻力,方便骨钉快速钻入,同时可减少骨钉末端对病人骨质的破坏。(The invention relates to a novel bone nail structure capable of reducing bone injury, which comprises a cylindrical head part and a bone nail rod part, wherein the bone nail rod part consists of a large-outer-diameter rod part, an outer-diameter gradually-changed rod part and a small-outer-diameter rod part; the novel bone nail structure comprises a cylindrical head part and a rod part of the bone nail, wherein the rod part of the bone nail comprises a large-pitch rod part and a small-pitch rod part, the rod diameters and the outer diameters of the large-pitch rod part and the small-pitch rod part are respectively equal, the pitch of the large-pitch rod part is different from that of the small-pitch rod part, the rod part 2b of the bone nail further comprises a pitch gradually-changed rod part, and the pitch of the pitch gradually-changed rod part is in a gradual change type; the invention can reduce the resistance of the bone nail when the bone nail is drilled into the bone of a patient, is convenient for the bone nail to be drilled rapidly, and can reduce the damage of the tail end of the bone nail to the bone of the patient.)

1. A novel bone nail structure which is characterized in that: including bone nail cylinder type head (1) and bone nail pole portion (2a), bone nail pole portion (2a) comprises big external diameter pole portion (21a), external diameter gradual change pole portion (21b), little external diameter pole portion (21c), big external diameter pole portion (21a), external diameter gradual change pole portion (21b), little external diameter pole portion (21c) from top to bottom connect gradually, the external diameter of big external diameter pole portion (21a) is greater than the external diameter of little external diameter pole portion (21c), the pole footpath of big external diameter pole portion (21a) is greater than the pole footpath of little external diameter pole portion (21c), the pole footpath of external diameter gradual change pole portion (21b) from top to bottom diminishes gradually.

2. The novel bone screw structure of claim 1, wherein: the thread pitches on the large outer diameter rod part (21a), the outer diameter gradually-changing rod part (21b) and the small outer diameter rod part (21c) are equal.

3. The novel bone screw structure of claim 1, wherein: the thread pitches on the large outer diameter rod part (21a), the outer diameter gradually-changing rod part (21b) and the small outer diameter rod part (21c) are different.

4. The novel bone screw structure of claim 3, wherein: the screw pitch of the large outer diameter rod part (21a) is larger than that of the small outer diameter rod part (21c), or the screw pitch of the large outer diameter rod part (21a) is smaller than that of the small outer diameter rod part (21 c).

5. The novel bone screw structure of claim 2, 3 or 4, wherein: the rod diameter of the large-outer-diameter rod part (21a) is larger than the outer diameter of the small-outer-diameter rod part (21c), the minimum rod diameter of the outer-diameter gradually-changed rod part (21b) is equal to the rod diameter of the small-outer-diameter rod part (21c), and the maximum rod diameter of the outer-diameter gradually-changed rod part (21b) is equal to the rod diameter of the large-outer-diameter rod part (21 a).

6. The novel bone screw structure of claim 5, wherein: the top in the cylindrical head (1) of the bone nail is provided with a hexagonal groove (3).

7. A novel bone nail structure which is characterized in that: including bone screw cylinder type head (1) and bone screw pole portion (2b), bone screw pole portion (2b) include coarse pitch pole portion (22a) and little screw pitch pole portion (22c), coarse pitch pole portion (22a), little screw pitch pole portion (22c) from top to bottom connect gradually, the pole footpath and the external diameter of coarse pitch pole portion (22a), little screw pitch pole portion (22c) equal respectively, the pitch of coarse pitch pole portion (22a) is unequal with the pitch on little screw pitch pole portion (22 c).

8. The novel bone screw structure of claim 7, wherein: bone screw pole portion (2b) still includes pitch gradual change pole portion (22b), coarse pitch pole portion (22a), pitch gradual change pole portion (22b), little pitch pole portion (22c) from top to bottom connect gradually, the rod diameter and the external diameter of coarse pitch pole portion (22a), pitch gradual change pole portion (22b), little pitch pole portion (22c) equal respectively, the pitch on pitch gradual change pole portion (22b) is the gradual change formula.

9. The novel bone screw structure of claim 7 or 8, wherein: the pitch of the large-pitch rod part (22a) is larger than that of the small-pitch rod part (22c), or the pitch of the large-pitch rod part (22a) is smaller than that of the small-pitch rod part (22 c).

10. The novel bone screw structure of claim 9, wherein: the top in the cylindrical head (1) of the bone nail is provided with a hexagonal groove (3).

[ technical field ]

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a novel bone nail structure capable of reducing bone injury.

[ background art ]

At present, the existing bone nail is a structure with equal outer diameter and equal screw pitch, when the bone nail is drilled into the bone structure of a patient, the bone of the patient is damaged greatly, the recovery time is longer, the actual stressed screw pitch of the bone nail is mostly dependent on the three screw pitches of the outermost ring, and the stress requirement on the structure of the screw drilled into the bone is not high. Therefore, if a novel bone nail structure which can ensure the stress strength of the bone nail, reduce the damage degree of the bone of the patient and facilitate the recovery of the patient can be provided, the structure has very important significance.

[ summary of the invention ]

The invention aims to solve the defects and provide a novel bone nail structure, which can reduce the resistance of the bone nail when the bone nail is drilled into the bone of a patient, facilitate the rapid drilling of the bone nail and simultaneously reduce the damage of the tail end of the bone nail to the bone of the patient, thereby accelerating the healing speed of the patient.

Design a novel bone nail structure for realizing above-mentioned purpose, including bone nail cylinder type head 1 and bone nail pole portion 2a, bone nail pole portion 2a comprises big external diameter pole portion 21a, external diameter gradual change pole portion 21b, little external diameter pole portion 21c, big external diameter pole portion 21a, external diameter gradual change pole portion 21b, little external diameter pole portion 21c connect gradually from top to bottom, big external diameter pole portion 21 a's external diameter is greater than little external diameter pole portion 21 c's external diameter, big external diameter pole portion 21 a's pole footpath is greater than little external diameter pole portion 21 c's pole footpath, external diameter gradual change pole portion 21 b's pole footpath from top to bottom diminishes gradually.

Further, the pitches of the large outer diameter rod portion 21a, the outer diameter gradually-changing rod portion 21b, and the small outer diameter rod portion 21c are equal.

Further, the thread pitches of the large outer diameter rod portion 21a, the outer diameter gradually-changing rod portion 21b, and the small outer diameter rod portion 21c are different.

Further, the screw pitch of the large outer diameter rod portion 21a is larger than that of the small outer diameter rod portion 21c, or the screw pitch of the large outer diameter rod portion 21a is smaller than that of the small outer diameter rod portion 21 c.

Further, the rod diameter of the large outer diameter rod part 21a is larger than the outer diameter of the small outer diameter rod part 21c, the minimum rod diameter of the outer diameter gradually-changing rod part 21b is equal to the rod diameter of the small outer diameter rod part 21c, and the maximum rod diameter of the outer diameter gradually-changing rod part 21b is equal to the rod diameter of the large outer diameter rod part 21 a.

Furthermore, the top of the inside of the cylindrical head 1 of the bone nail is provided with a hexagonal groove 3.

The invention also provides a novel bone nail structure, which comprises a bone nail cylindrical head part 1 and a bone nail rod part 2b, wherein the bone nail rod part 2b comprises a large-pitch rod part 22a and a small-pitch rod part 22c, the large-pitch rod part 22a and the small-pitch rod part 22c are sequentially connected from top to bottom, the rod diameters and the outer diameters of the large-pitch rod part 22a and the small-pitch rod part 22c are respectively equal, and the screw pitch of the large-pitch rod part 22a is different from that of the small-pitch rod part 22 c.

Further, bone screw pole portion 2b still includes pitch gradual change pole portion 22b, coarse pitch pole portion 22a, pitch gradual change pole portion 22b, little pitch pole portion 22c from top to bottom connect gradually, the pole footpath and the external diameter of coarse pitch pole portion 22a, pitch gradual change pole portion 22b, little pitch pole portion 22c are equal respectively, the pitch on the pitch gradual change pole portion 22b is the gradual change formula.

Further, the pitch of the large-pitch rod portion 22a is larger than that of the small-pitch rod portion 22c, or the pitch of the large-pitch rod portion 22a is smaller than that of the small-pitch rod portion 22 c.

Furthermore, the top of the inside of the cylindrical head 1 of the bone nail is provided with a hexagonal groove 3.

Compared with the prior art, the bone nail with the novel structure has the advantages of novel and simple structure and reasonable design, the novel structure bone nail with the variable outer diameter and the variable screw pitch can be provided, the small outer diameter and the thin screw pitch can be used at the tail end of the bone nail, and compared with the traditional bone nail with the equal outer diameter and the equal screw pitch, the bone nail with the novel structure can reduce the resistance when the bone nail is drilled into the bone of a patient, facilitate the rapid drilling of the bone nail, simultaneously reduce the damage of the tail end of the bone nail to the bone of the patient and reduce the other damage volume of the bone, so the healing speed of the patient can be accelerated, and the fixing strength of the bone nail to the bone can.

[ description of the drawings ]

FIG. 1 is a profile view of a bone screw of the present invention having equal pitch and a gradual change in outer diameter;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a bone screw of the present invention having equal pitch and a gradual change in outer diameter;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a bone screw of the present invention having unequal pitch and gradual change in outer diameter;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a bone screw of the present invention having a gradual change in the outer diameter of the unequal pitches;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a bone screw of the present invention with a gradual pitch and a constant outer diameter;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a bone screw of the present invention with a gradual pitch and a constant outer diameter;

FIG. 7 is a profile view of a bone screw of the present invention with a sudden change in pitch and a constant outer diameter;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a bone screw of the present invention with a sharp pitch and a constant outside diameter;

in the figure: 1. the bone screw comprises a cylindrical bone screw head 2a, a bone screw rod part 21a, a large outer diameter rod part 21b, an outer diameter gradually-changed rod part 21c, a small outer diameter rod part 2b, a bone screw rod part 22a, a large screw pitch rod part 22b, a screw pitch gradually-changed rod part 22c, a small screw pitch rod part 3 and a hexagonal groove.

[ detailed description of the invention ]

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

as shown in the accompanying drawings, the invention provides a novel bone nail structure, which comprises a bone nail cylindrical head part 1 and a bone nail rod part 2a, wherein the bone nail rod part 2a consists of a large outer diameter rod part 21a, an outer diameter gradually-changed rod part 21b and a small outer diameter rod part 21c, the large outer diameter rod part 21a, the outer diameter gradually-changed rod part 21b and the small outer diameter rod part 21c are sequentially connected from top to bottom, the outer diameter of the large outer diameter rod part 21a is larger than that of the small outer diameter rod part 21c, the rod diameter of the large outer diameter rod part 21a is larger than that of the small outer diameter rod part 21c, and the rod diameter of the outer diameter gradually-changed rod part. The pitches of the large outer diameter rod part 21a, the outer diameter gradually-changing rod part 21b and the small outer diameter rod part 21c are equal. Or the thread pitches on the large outer diameter rod part 21a, the outer diameter gradually-changed rod part 21b and the small outer diameter rod part 21c are different, such as: the large outer diameter rod portion 21a has a pitch larger than that of the small outer diameter rod portion 21c, or the large outer diameter rod portion 21a has a pitch smaller than that of the small outer diameter rod portion 21 c. The rod diameter of the large-outer-diameter rod part 21a is larger than the outer diameter of the small-outer-diameter rod part 21c, the minimum rod diameter of the outer-diameter gradually-changed rod part 21b is equal to the rod diameter of the small-outer-diameter rod part 21c, the maximum rod diameter of the outer-diameter gradually-changed rod part 21b is equal to the rod diameter of the large-outer-diameter rod part 21a, and the inner top of the cylindrical head part 1 of the bone nail is provided with a hexagonal groove 3.

The invention also provides a novel bone nail structure, which comprises a bone nail cylindrical head part 1 and a bone nail rod part 2b, wherein the bone nail rod part 2b comprises a large-pitch rod part 22a and a small-pitch rod part 22c, the large-pitch rod part 22a and the small-pitch rod part 22c are sequentially connected from top to bottom, the rod diameters and the outer diameters of the large-pitch rod part 22a and the small-pitch rod part 22c are respectively equal, and the pitch of the large-pitch rod part 22a is different from that of the small-pitch rod part 22 c. Wherein, bone screw pole portion 2b still can include pitch gradual change pole portion 22b, and coarse pitch pole portion 22a, pitch gradual change pole portion 22b, little pitch pole portion 22c connect gradually from top to bottom, and the rod footpath and the external diameter of coarse pitch pole portion 22a, pitch gradual change pole portion 22b, little pitch pole portion 22c are equal respectively, and the pitch on the pitch gradual change pole portion 22b is the gradual change formula. The screw pitch of the large-pitch rod part 22a is larger than that of the small-pitch rod part 22c, or the screw pitch of the large-pitch rod part 22a is smaller than that of the small-pitch rod part 22c, and the inner top of the cylindrical head part 1 of the bone nail is provided with a hexagonal groove 3.

The specific implementation of the invention can have four basic combinations: (1) the pitches are equal, and the outer diameter is gradually changed; (2) the pitch and the outer diameter are gradually changed; (3) the pitch is gradually changed, and the outer diameter is unchanged; (4) the pitch is abrupt and the outer diameter is unchanged.

The first method comprises the following steps: equal pitch and gradually changing outer diameter

As shown in figure 1, the external form of the bone nail with the same thread pitch and gradually changed external diameter is shown. In the figure, D is the rod diameter of the large-diameter rod portion, E is the outer diameter of the large-diameter rod portion, F is the rod diameter of the small-diameter rod portion, and G is the outer diameter of the small-diameter rod portion. Wherein, the outer diameter E of the large-outer-diameter rod part is larger than the outer diameter G of the small-outer-diameter rod part; the rod diameter D of the large-outer-diameter rod part is larger than the rod diameter F of the small-outer-diameter rod part; the rod diameter D of the large-outer-diameter rod part is larger than the outer diameter G of the small-outer-diameter rod part. The rod diameter of the outer diameter gradually-changed rod part is smaller and larger, the minimum rod diameter is equal to the rod diameter F of the small-outer-diameter rod part, and the maximum rod diameter is equal to the rod diameter D of the large-outer-diameter rod part.

As shown in fig. 2, is a cross-sectional view of the bone screw with the same thread pitch and gradually changed outer diameter. In the figure, P is the pitch, and the pitch P on the large outer diameter rod part, the outer diameter gradually changing rod part and the small outer diameter rod part is not changed.

And the second method comprises the following steps: the pitches are not equal and the outer diameters gradually change

As shown in figure 3, is an outline drawing of the bone nail with different screw pitches and gradually changed outer diameter. In the figure, D is the rod diameter of the large-diameter rod portion, E is the outer diameter of the large-diameter rod portion, F is the rod diameter of the small-diameter rod portion, and G is the outer diameter of the small-diameter rod portion. Wherein, the outer diameter E of the large-outer-diameter rod part is larger than the outer diameter G of the small-outer-diameter rod part; the rod diameter D of the large-outer-diameter rod part is larger than the rod diameter F of the small-outer-diameter rod part; the rod diameter D of the large-outer-diameter rod part is larger than the outer diameter G of the small-outer-diameter rod part. The rod diameter of the outer diameter gradually-changed rod part is smaller and larger, the minimum rod diameter is equal to the rod diameter F of the small-outer-diameter rod part, and the maximum rod diameter is equal to the rod diameter D of the large-outer-diameter rod part.

As shown in figure 4, is a section view of the bone nail with different screw pitches and gradually changed outer diameter. In the figure, P1 is the pitch of the large diameter stem and P2 is the pitch of the small diameter stem. The thread pitch P1 on the large outer diameter rod portion is different from the thread pitch P2 on the small outer diameter rod portion, and the thread pitch P1 on the large outer diameter rod portion is greater than the thread pitch P2 on the small outer diameter rod portion, or the thread pitch P1 is less than the thread pitch P2.

And the third is that: the pitch is not equal and the external diameter is not changed

As shown in figure 5, the external form of the bone nail is a shape chart with gradually changed screw pitches and unchanged external diameter. Wherein D is the rod diameter, and E is the outer diameter; the rod diameter D and the outer diameter E of the large-pitch rod part, the pitch gradual-change rod part and the small-pitch rod part are not changed.

As shown in figure 6, is a section view of the bone nail with gradually changed screw pitch and unchanged outer diameter. P1 is the pitch of coarse pitch pole portion, P2 is the pitch of fine pitch pole portion, and the pitch P1 of coarse pitch pole portion and the pitch P2 on the fine pitch pole portion are unequal, as: the pitch P1 on the high pitch stem is greater than the pitch P2 on the low pitch stem, or the pitch P1 is less than the pitch P2. There is a progression between the pitch P1 and the pitch P2, and a graduated pitch with a pitch graduated shank portion.

And fourthly: the pitch is suddenly changed and the outer diameter is not changed

As shown in figure 7, the external form of the bone nail is a shape chart with an abrupt pitch and a constant external diameter. D is the rod diameter, E is the outer diameter; the rod part 2 mainly comprises a large-pitch rod part A and a small-pitch rod part B. The rod diameter D and the outer diameter E of the large-pitch rod part and the small-pitch rod part are not changed.

As shown in figure 8, is a section view of the bone nail with an abrupt pitch and a constant outer diameter. Wherein, P1 is the screw pitch of the large-pitch rod part, and P2 is the screw pitch of the small-pitch rod part. The pitch P1 on the coarse pitch shank and the pitch P2 on the fine pitch shank are unequal, as follows: the pitch P1 of the high pitch rod is greater than the pitch P2 on the low pitch rod, or the pitch P1 is less than the pitch P2. There is a sudden change in pitch between the pitch P1 of the high pitch shank and the low pitch shank, with no transition.

The invention originally provides the bone nail with the novel structure with the variable outer diameter and the variable screw pitch, and the tail end of the bone nail can use a smaller outer diameter and a thinner screw pitch, so that compared with the traditional bone nail with the same outer diameter and the same screw pitch, the novel bone nail with the variable outer diameter and the variable screw pitch can reduce the resistance of the bone nail when the bone nail is drilled into the bone of a patient, facilitate the rapid drilling of the bone nail, simultaneously reduce the damage of the tail end of the bone nail to the bone of the patient and reduce the other damage volume of the bone, thereby accelerating the healing speed of the patient and not reducing the fixing strength of the bone nail to the bone.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents and are included in the scope of the present invention.