阅读说明：本技术 一种单压电陶瓷叠堆单向驱动的回转冲击式超声波钻探器 (Single piezoelectric ceramic stack unidirectional driving rotary impact type ultrasonic drilling rig ) 是由 柏德恩 全齐全 邓宗全 唐德威 沈刚 朱真才 汤裕 李翔 王威 于 2020-12-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种单压电陶瓷叠堆单向驱动的回转冲击式超声波钻探器,属于采样钻具技术领域。本发明解决了现有的回转冲击式超声波钻探器,由于其压电换能器的结构限制,导致压电陶瓷叠堆的体积变小,影响钻探器的驱动功率；以及钻探器整体长度较长,重量较大的问题。纵扭转换变幅杆包括变幅杆主体及一体套装在变幅杆主体上的纵扭耦合振子,变幅杆主体上远离后盖板的一端部及纵扭耦合振子均穿装在壳体内,且纵扭耦合振子与壳体一端部固接,转子位于壳体内且转动套装在变幅杆主体上,转子的一端顶设在纵扭耦合振子的端部,钻具与转子首尾固接,变幅杆主体的一端与转子的一端部之间设置有自由质量块。(A rotary impact type ultrasonic drilling rig driven by a single piezoelectric ceramic stack in a single direction belongs to the technical field of sampling drilling tools. The invention solves the problem that the volume of a piezoelectric ceramic stack is reduced and the driving power of the drilling device is influenced because of the structural limitation of a piezoelectric transducer of the conventional rotary impact type ultrasonic drilling device; and the problems of long overall length and heavy weight of the drilling rig. The longitudinal-torsional conversion amplitude transformer comprises an amplitude transformer main body and a longitudinal-torsional coupling vibrator integrally sleeved on the amplitude transformer main body, wherein one end part of the amplitude transformer main body, which is far away from the rear cover plate, and the longitudinal-torsional coupling vibrator are arranged in the shell in a penetrating manner, the longitudinal-torsional coupling vibrator is fixedly connected with one end part of the shell, the rotor is positioned in the shell and rotatably sleeved on the amplitude transformer main body, one end of the rotor is arranged at the end part of the longitudinal-torsional coupling vibrator in a propping manner, the drilling tool is fixedly connected with the head and the tail of the rotor, and a free mass block is.)

1. The utility model provides a single piezoceramics piles up unidirectional drive's gyration impact type ultrasonic drilling ware which characterized in that: the device comprises a shell (1), a drilling tool (2), a rotor (3) and a longitudinal-torsional conversion type piezoelectric transducer (4), wherein the longitudinal-torsional conversion type piezoelectric transducer (4) comprises a longitudinal-torsional amplitude-changing rod (4-1), a piezoelectric ceramic stack (4-2) and a rear cover plate (4-3), the longitudinal-torsional amplitude-changing rod (4-1) comprises an amplitude-changing rod main body (4-11) and a longitudinal-torsional coupling vibrator (4-12) integrally sleeved on the amplitude-changing rod main body (4-11), the piezoelectric ceramic stack (4-2) is sleeved on the amplitude-changing rod main body (4-11) and clamped between the rear cover plate (4-3) and the longitudinal-torsional coupling vibrator (4-12), one end part of the amplitude-changing rod main body (4-11) far away from the rear cover plate (4-3) and the longitudinal-torsional coupling vibrator (4-12) are both arranged in the shell (1) in a penetrating manner, the longitudinal-torsional coupling vibrator (4-12) is fixedly connected with one end of the shell (1), the rotor (3) is positioned in the shell (1) and rotatably sleeved on the amplitude transformer main body (4-11), one end of the rotor (3) is propped against the end of the longitudinal-torsional coupling vibrator (4-12), the drilling tool (2) is fixedly connected with the rotor (3) end to end, the rotor (3) positioned in the shell (1) is sleeved with the loading spring (5), the drilling tool (2) positioned in the shell (1) is sleeved with the return spring (6), and a free mass block (7) is arranged between one end of the amplitude transformer main body (4-11) and one end of the rotor (3).

2. The rotary percussion ultrasonic drilling machine driven by single piezoelectric ceramic stacks in one direction as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the shell (1) comprises a front end cover (1-1) and a rear end cover (1-2), the longitudinal-torsional coupling vibrator (4-12) penetrates through the rear end cover (1-2), and the longitudinal-torsional coupling vibrator (4-12) is fixedly connected with one end of the rear end cover (1-2); one end part of the amplitude transformer main body (4-11) far away from the rear cover plate (4-3) and one end part of the drilling tool (2) are arranged in the front end cover (1-1) in a penetrating way, and the front end cover (1-1) and the rear end cover (1-2) are fixedly connected end to end.

3. The rotary percussion ultrasonic drilling machine driven by a single piezoelectric ceramic stack in one direction as claimed in claim 2, wherein: one end part of the front end cover (1-1) is rotatably provided with a shaft lever guide sleeve (8) in a penetrating way, and one end of the loading spring (5) and one end of the return spring (6) are both contacted with the end part of the shaft lever guide sleeve (8).

4. The rotary percussion ultrasonic drilling machine driven by single piezoelectric ceramic stacks in one direction as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: a through hole is processed at one end part of the rotor (3), one end part of the drilling tool (2) is arranged in the through hole in a penetrating way, and the drilling tool (2) is in interference fit with the through hole.

5. The rotary percussion ultrasonic drilling machine driven by single piezoelectric ceramic stacks in one direction as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the longitudinally-twisted coupling vibrator (4-12) comprises a cylindrical vibrator main body (4-121) integrally sleeved on an amplitude transformer main body (4-11), four fixing feet (4-122) uniformly and fixedly mounted at one end of the vibrator main body (4-121) and four driving teeth (4-123) uniformly distributed at the other end of the vibrator main body (4-121), four supporting legs (4-124) are uniformly distributed at the other end of the vibrator main body (4-121) along the circumferential direction of the vibrator main body, the four driving teeth (4-123) are fixedly connected with the four supporting legs (4-124) through four cross beams (4-125) correspondingly, and each driving tooth (4-123) and the supporting legs (4-124) connected with the driving tooth are arranged in a staggered mode.

6. The rotary percussion ultrasonic drilling machine with single piezoelectric ceramic stack for one-way driving according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 5, wherein: an insulating sleeve (10) is arranged between the piezoelectric ceramic stack (4-2) and the amplitude transformer main body (4-11).

7. The rotary percussion ultrasonic drilling machine driven by single piezoelectric ceramic stacks in one direction as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the piezoelectric ceramic stack (4-2) comprises a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic pieces (4-21) and a plurality of electrode plates (4-22), and the piezoelectric ceramic pieces (4-21) and the electrode plates (4-22) are arranged in a staggered mode along the axial direction.

8. The rotary percussion ultrasonic drilling machine with single piezoelectric ceramic stack for one-way driving according to claim 1, 2, 3, 5 or 7, wherein: the rear cover plate (4-3) is coaxially sleeved on the amplitude transformer main body (4-11) and locked by the locking nut (11).

Technical Field

The invention relates to a rotary impact type ultrasonic drilling rig driven by a single piezoelectric ceramic stack in a one-way mode, and belongs to the technical field of sampling drilling tools.

Background

Deep space exploration is one of the most active scientific fields in recent years. The research on geological information of the earth, the earth and the ground is helpful to explore the composition and the life origin of the solar system. Drilling and sampling are important ways to obtain the star soil sample in deep space exploration. Compared with the drilling device driven by an electromagnetic motor, the ultrasonic drilling device has the advantages of small volume, low power consumption, small drilling pressure and the like. The ultrasonic drilling machine can be classified into an impact type ultrasonic drilling machine and a rotary impact type ultrasonic drilling machine according to the movement pattern of the sampling drill. In the impact type ultrasonic drilling rig, a sampling drilling tool only carries out impact motion along the axial direction of the sampling drilling tool, and rock sampling is realized by means of impact crushing of the sampling drilling tool on the rock. On the basis of the rotary ultrasonic drilling rig, the rotary drive of the drilling tool is introduced, so that the rotary impact ultrasonic drilling rig is formed. Compared with the rotary impact type ultrasonic drilling machine, the rotary impact type ultrasonic drilling machine has higher drilling efficiency and excellent chip removal performance.

In the rotary impact type ultrasonic drilling device in the prior art, due to the structural limitation of a piezoelectric transducer, the structure of a sampling drilling tool on the rotary impact type ultrasonic drilling device is realized by a transmission shaft which is arranged on the piezoelectric transducer in a penetrating way, and the volume of a piezoelectric ceramic stack is reduced due to the structure, so that the driving power of the drilling device is influenced; in addition, due to the structural limitation of the piezoelectric transducer, the whole length and the weight of the drilling rig are relatively long.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problems of the conventional rotary impact type ultrasonic drilling device, and further provides a rotary impact type ultrasonic drilling device driven by a single piezoelectric ceramic stack in a one-way mode.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

a single piezoelectric ceramic stack unidirectional driving rotary impact type ultrasonic drilling device comprises a shell, a drilling tool, a rotor and a longitudinal-torsional conversion type piezoelectric transducer, wherein the longitudinal-torsional conversion type piezoelectric transducer comprises a longitudinal-torsional amplitude-changing rod, a piezoelectric ceramic stack and a rear cover plate, the longitudinal-torsional conversion amplitude-changing rod comprises an amplitude-changing rod main body and a longitudinal-torsional coupling vibrator integrally sleeved on the amplitude-changing rod main body, the piezoelectric ceramic stack is sleeved on the amplitude-changing rod main body and clamped between the rear cover plate and the longitudinal-torsional coupling vibrator, one end part of the amplitude-changing rod main body, far away from the rear cover plate, and the longitudinal-torsional coupling vibrator are both arranged in the shell in a penetrating mode, the longitudinal-torsional coupling vibrator is fixedly connected with one end part of the shell, the rotor is positioned in the shell and rotatably sleeved on the amplitude-changing rod main body, one end of the rotor is abutted to the end part of the longitudinal-torsional coupling vibrator, a return spring is sleeved on the drilling tool positioned in the shell, and a free mass block is arranged between one end of the amplitude transformer main body and one end of the rotor.

Furthermore, the shell comprises a front end cover and a rear end cover, the longitudinal-torsional coupling vibrator penetrates through the rear end cover, and the longitudinal-torsional coupling vibrator is fixedly connected with one end part of the rear end cover; one end part of the amplitude transformer main body, which is far away from the rear cover plate, and one end part of the drilling tool penetrate through the front end cover, and the front end cover and the rear end cover are fixedly connected end to end.

Furthermore, a shaft rod guide sleeve is rotatably arranged at one end part of the front end cover in a penetrating mode, and one end of the loading spring and one end of the return spring are both in contact with the end part of the shaft rod guide sleeve.

Furthermore, a through hole is processed at one end part of the rotor, one end part of the drilling tool is arranged in the through hole in a penetrating mode, and the drilling tool and the through hole are in interference fit.

Furthermore, the longitudinal-torsional coupling vibrator comprises a cylindrical vibrator main body, four fixing feet and four driving teeth, wherein the cylindrical vibrator main body is integrally sleeved on the amplitude transformer main body, the four fixing feet are uniformly and fixedly arranged at one end of the vibrator main body, the four driving teeth are uniformly distributed at the other end of the vibrator main body, the four supporting legs are uniformly distributed at the other end of the vibrator main body along the circumferential direction of the vibrator main body, the four driving teeth and the four supporting legs are correspondingly and fixedly connected through four cross beams, and each driving tooth and the supporting leg connected with the.

Further, an insulating sleeve is arranged between the piezoelectric ceramic stack and the amplitude transformer main body.

Furthermore, the piezoelectric ceramic stack comprises a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic pieces and a plurality of electrode plates, and the piezoelectric ceramic pieces and the electrode plates are arranged in a staggered mode along the axial direction.

Furthermore, the back cover plate is coaxially sleeved on the amplitude transformer main body and locked through a locking nut.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following effects:

compared with the prior art, the driller does not need to arrange a transmission shaft inside, and then cancels the inside through-hole structure of transducer, the hole of piezoceramics pile can further reduce, under equal external diameter, equal length, piezoceramics pile's volume is bigger, can provide higher drive power for the driller.

The rotary and impact motions of the drilling tool are simultaneously realized by utilizing the vibration energy at the front end of the piezoelectric ceramic stack, the length of the ultrasonic drilling device can be greatly shortened, and the overall weight of the drilling device is reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of the present application;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a longitudinal-torsional piezoelectric transducer;

fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a longitudinal torsion amplitude transformer.

Detailed Description

The first embodiment is as follows: the embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 3, a single piezoelectric ceramic stack unidirectional driving rotary impact type ultrasonic drilling rig, which comprises a housing 1, a drilling tool 2, a rotor 3 and a longitudinal-torsional conversion type piezoelectric transducer 4, wherein the longitudinal-torsional conversion type piezoelectric transducer 4 comprises a longitudinal-torsional amplitude transformer 4-1, a piezoelectric ceramic stack 4-2 and a rear cover plate 4-3, the longitudinal-torsional amplitude transformer 4-1 comprises an amplitude transformer main body 4-11 and a longitudinal-torsional coupling vibrator 4-12 integrally sleeved on the amplitude transformer main body 4-11, the piezoelectric ceramic stack 4-2 is sleeved on the amplitude transformer main body 4-11 and is clamped between the rear cover plate 4-3 and the longitudinal-torsional coupling vibrator 4-12, one end of the amplitude transformer main body 4-11 far away from the rear cover plate 4-3 and the longitudinal-torsional coupling vibrator 4-12 are both installed in the housing 1, the longitudinal-torsional coupling vibrator 4-12 is fixedly connected with one end of the shell 1, the rotor 3 is positioned in the shell 1 and rotatably sleeved on the amplitude transformer main body 4-11, one end of the rotor 3 is propped against the end of the longitudinal-torsional coupling vibrator 4-12, the drilling tool 2 is fixedly connected with the rotor 3 end to end, the rotor 3 positioned in the shell 1 is sleeved with a loading spring 5, the drilling tool 2 positioned in the shell 1 is sleeved with a return spring 6, and a free mass block 7 is arranged between one end of the amplitude transformer main body 4-11 and one end of the rotor 3.

The piezoelectric transducer 4 is a two-way output longitudinal-torsional conversion type piezoelectric transducer 4. The longitudinal-torsional coupling vibrator 4-12 is coaxially and fixedly connected with the amplitude transformer main body 4-11. The free mass block 7 is in non-fixed connection with the amplitude transformer main body 4-11 and the rotor 3, and when the impact motion is carried out, two ends of the free mass block 7 are respectively in contact with the amplitude transformer main body 4-11 and the rotor 3, so that the force transmission is realized.

The loading spring 5 provides loading force for the rotor 3;

the return spring 6 provides a return force for the drilling tool 2;

when the frequency of the alternating voltage applied by the longitudinal-torsional conversion type piezoelectric transducer 4 is equal to the first-order longitudinal vibration frequency of the transducer, the transducer works in a resonance state, high-frequency simple harmonic vibration is generated at one end of the amplitude transformer main body 4-11 far away from the rear cover plate 4-3, and elliptical motion is formed at the end part of the longitudinal-torsional coupling vibrator 4-12. Under the combined action of the loading force provided by the loading spring 5 and the elliptical motion formed at the end part of the longitudinal-torsional coupled vibrator 4-12, friction torque is generated on the contact surface of the rotor 3 and the end part of the longitudinal-torsional coupled vibrator 4-12, the friction torque drives the rotor 3 to do rotary motion, and further drives the drilling tool 2 to do rotary motion.

The end parts of the amplitude transformer bodies 4-11 impact and collide with the free mass block 7, so that the free mass block 7 performs impact motion along the axial direction; the free mass 7 collides with the drilling tool 2 in an impact manner, so that the drilling tool 2 impacts and breaks rock.

Compared with the prior art, the transmission shaft does not need to be arranged inside the drilling device, the through hole structure inside the energy converter is further cancelled, the inner hole of the piezoelectric ceramic stack 4-2 can be further reduced, the volume of the piezoelectric ceramic stack 4-2 is larger under the same outer diameter and the same length, and higher driving power can be provided for the drilling device.

The rotary motion and the impact motion of the drilling tool 2 are simultaneously realized by utilizing the vibration energy at the front end of the piezoelectric ceramic stack 4-2, the length of the ultrasonic drilling rig can be greatly shortened, and the overall weight of the drilling rig is reduced.

The shell 1 comprises a front end cover 1-1 and a rear end cover 1-2, the longitudinal-torsional coupling vibrator 4-12 penetrates through the rear end cover 1-2, and the longitudinal-torsional coupling vibrator 4-12 is fixedly connected with one end of the rear end cover 1-2; one end part of the amplitude transformer main body 4-11 far away from the rear cover plate 4-3 and one end part of the drilling tool 2 are arranged in the front end cover 1-1 in a penetrating way, and the front end cover 1-1 and the rear end cover 1-2 are fixedly connected end to end. The front end cover 1-1 and the rear end cover 1-2 and the longitudinal-torsional coupling vibrator 4-12 and the rear end cover 1-2 are fixedly connected through bolts. The drilling rig is convenient to integrally disassemble and assemble.

One end part of the front end cover 1-1 is rotatably provided with a shaft lever guide sleeve 8 in a penetrating way, and one end of the loading spring 5 and one end of the return spring 6 are both contacted with the end part of the shaft lever guide sleeve 8. A rotary supporting bearing 9 is arranged between the shaft rod guide sleeve 8 and the front end cover 1-1. Bearings are also provided between the drilling tool 2 and the shaft guide sleeve 8. The shaft lever guide sleeve 8 comprises a guide sleeve main body 8-1 and a support seat 8-2 integrally sleeved on the guide sleeve main body 8-1. One end of the drilling tool 2 is provided with a limiting shoulder, and the other end of the return spring 6 is propped against one end surface of the limiting shoulder. By adopting the design, the contact area between the loading spring 5 and the return spring 6 and the shaft rod guide sleeve 8 is increased.

One end part of the rotor 3 is provided with a through hole, one end part of the drilling tool 2 is arranged in the through hole in a penetrating way, and the drilling tool 2 is in interference fit with the through hole. The through hole is preferably a rectangular, kidney-shaped or other shaped hole, and may be any other non-circular hole that restricts the circumferential rotation of the drill 2.

The longitudinally-twisted coupling vibrator 4-12 comprises a cylindrical vibrator main body 4-121 integrally sleeved on an amplitude transformer main body 4-11, four fixing feet 4-122 uniformly and fixedly arranged at one end of the vibrator main body 4-121 and four driving teeth 4-123 uniformly distributed at the other end of the vibrator main body 4-121, four supporting legs 4-124 are uniformly distributed at the other end of the vibrator main body 4-121 along the circumferential direction of the vibrator main body, the four driving teeth 4-123 and the four supporting legs 4-124 are correspondingly fixedly connected through four cross beams 4-125, and each driving tooth 4-123 and the supporting legs 4-124 connected with the driving tooth are arranged in a staggered mode. The two ends of the piezoelectric ceramic stack 4-2 simultaneously generate high-frequency axial vibration, and the longitudinal-torsional coupling vibrator 4-12 amplifies the end vibration of the piezoelectric ceramic stack 4-2 and generates an elliptical motion track at the driving tooth 4-123.

An insulating sleeve 10 is arranged between the piezoelectric ceramic stack 4-2 and the amplitude transformer main body 4-11. The insulating sleeve 10 is arranged to play a role of insulating protection.

The piezoelectric ceramic stack 4-2 comprises a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic pieces 4-21 and a plurality of electrode pieces 4-22, and the piezoelectric ceramic pieces 4-21 and the electrode pieces 4-22 are arranged in a staggered mode along the axial direction.

The rear cover plate 4-3 is coaxially sleeved on the amplitude transformer main body 4-11 and is locked by the locking nut 11.