阅读说明：本技术 液压倒扣器 (Hydraulic back-off device ) 是由 李刚 张守华 艾教银 王彪 于千 杨冲 齐甲巨 唐福彬 才艳梅 才永存 于 2021-01-21 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及油田修井工具,即液压倒扣器。为遇卡工具左、右旋螺纹的换向装置,使遇卡工具的连接螺纹松扣,完成解卡打捞作业。它包括顺次连接的上缸体接头、转动外套、下缸体接头；转动外套内衬有转动内套,转动内套左右带有固定螺旋套、转动螺旋套；固定螺旋套、转动螺旋套内连接有双向螺旋轴；双向螺旋轴左端连接有与上缸体接头滑动密封连接的上活塞,双向螺旋轴右端连接有与下缸体接头滑动密封连接的下活塞。利用高压钻井液,通过缸体内的换向控制杆控制钢球与凡尔座的接触,控制上缸体、下缸体的进液通道。利用上、下缸体的面积差控制上活塞、下活塞带动双向螺旋轴做往复运动。双向螺旋轴受缸体上的固定螺旋套约束同时做旋转运动。(The invention relates to an oil field well repairing tool, namely a hydraulic reversing device. The reversing device for the left-handed and right-handed threads of the jamming tool enables the connecting threads of the jamming tool to be loosened, and the jamming releasing and fishing operation is completed. The device comprises an upper cylinder body joint, a rotating outer sleeve and a lower cylinder body joint which are connected in sequence; the rotating outer sleeve is internally lined with a rotating inner sleeve, and the left and right of the rotating inner sleeve are provided with a fixed spiral sleeve and a rotating spiral sleeve; the fixed screw sleeve and the rotary screw sleeve are internally connected with a bidirectional screw shaft; the left end of the bidirectional screw shaft is connected with an upper piston in sliding sealing connection with the upper cylinder joint, and the right end of the bidirectional screw shaft is connected with a lower piston in sliding sealing connection with the lower cylinder joint. The high-pressure drilling fluid is utilized, the contact between the steel ball and the valve seat is controlled through the reversing control rod in the cylinder body, and the liquid inlet channels of the upper cylinder body and the lower cylinder body are controlled. The area difference of the upper cylinder body and the lower cylinder body is used for controlling the upper piston and the lower piston to drive the bidirectional spiral shaft to do reciprocating motion. The bidirectional screw shaft is constrained by the fixed screw sleeve on the cylinder body and rotates simultaneously.)

1. The hydraulic reversing device is characterized by comprising an upper cylinder body joint (1), a rotating outer sleeve (8) and a lower cylinder body joint (27) which are connected in sequence; a rotating inner sleeve (7) is lined in the rotating outer sleeve (8), and a fixed spiral sleeve (5) and a rotating spiral sleeve (12) are arranged on the left and right of the rotating inner sleeve (7); the fixed screw sleeve (5) and the rotary screw sleeve (12) are internally connected with a bidirectional screw shaft (15); the left end of the bidirectional screw shaft (15) is connected with an upper piston (3) which is connected with the upper cylinder joint (1) in a sliding and sealing way, and the right end of the bidirectional screw shaft (15) is connected with a lower piston (17) which is connected with the lower cylinder joint (27) in a sliding and sealing way; the lower piston (17) is internally provided with a liquid discharge valve; a pull rod sealing sleeve (28) is arranged in an outlet of the lower cylinder body joint (27), a hollow reversing control rod (16) which extends into a cavity of the lower cylinder body joint (27) for a section of length is arranged in the pull rod sealing sleeve (28), and a limit nut (34) is arranged at the inner end of the reversing control rod (16); the right end of the rotating outer sleeve (8) is lined with a guide ratchet wheel back cap (14), a guide ratchet wheel (13) and a rotating spiral sleeve (12) in sequence, the guide ratchet wheel (13) is movably connected with the rotating spiral sleeve (12) through ratchets (37) on the end surface, and the rotating spiral sleeve (12) is elastically connected with the rotating inner sleeve (7).

2. The hydraulic reversing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the liquid discharge valve comprises a steel ball (35) in a valve seat (26), and a reversing ejector rod (25) which extends out of the bottom end of the valve seat (26) when the valve seat (26) is in a sealed state is arranged in the center.

3. The hydraulic reversing device according to claim 2, characterized in that the lower piston (17) at the front end of the liquid discharge valve is lined with a reversing control sleeve (19), and a buffer spring seat (18) is arranged in the reversing control sleeve (19).

4. A hydraulic reversing device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the outer rotary sleeve (8) is in rolling contact with the inner rotary sleeve (7) via a plurality of balls (36) which are spaced apart and circumferentially arranged.

5. A hydraulic undercutter according to claim 4, characterised in that the lower cylinder block connection (27) is provided with a throttle.

Technical Field

The invention relates to an oil field well repairing tool, namely a hydraulic reversing device. The reversing device for the left-handed and right-handed threads of the jamming tool enables the connecting threads of the jamming tool to be loosened, and the jamming releasing and fishing operation is completed.

Background

In the prior art, a common back-off device is connected to a drilling tool assembly, the drilling tool assembly is connected to a preset depth, and the hanging weight is recorded. After fishing, the drilling tool rotates to anchor the anchoring wing plate on the wall of the casing pipe, and the lower end of the anchoring wing plate continues to rotate to generate reverse back-off torque, so that back-off is realized, and the defects are that: the torque is reduced, and the anchoring wing plate is easy to break along with the increase of the torque, is seriously corroded by the back-off pipe column, is difficult to open and is easy to clamp a drill, and the like. Along with the oil field development is constantly deepened, the directional well and the horizontal well have new requirements for reversing and releasing the stuck pipe, when the well is repaired, a well descending pipe column is attached to the bottom edge of the well wall in a horizontal section and an inclined well section and is influenced by factors such as large friction area, multipoint releasing of the pipe column and the inner wall of a sleeve pipe, bending of the pipe column and the like, reversing construction has the prominent problems that the reversing torque cannot be effectively transmitted due to abrasion resistance, even a drilling tool cannot rotate, the upward pressure cannot be applied, the sleeve pipe is damaged by friction and the like, and meanwhile, the underground accident is complicated due to the fact that the drilling tool is adhered easily because of overlarge.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a hydraulic reversing device aiming at the defects. Through the functional structure design of hydraulic pressure back-off ware, transfer ground hydraulic power source for the rotatory moment of torsion of back-off in the pit, reduced the energy loss in the rotatory moment transmission process, avoid big moment of torsion to the tubular column injury.

The technical solution of the invention is as follows: the hydraulic reversing device is characterized by comprising an upper cylinder body joint, a rotating outer sleeve and a lower cylinder body joint which are connected in sequence; the rotating outer sleeve is internally lined with a rotating inner sleeve, and the left and right of the rotating inner sleeve are provided with a fixed spiral sleeve and a rotating spiral sleeve; the fixed screw sleeve and the rotary screw sleeve are internally connected with a bidirectional screw shaft; the left end of the bidirectional screw shaft is connected with an upper piston in sliding sealing connection with the upper cylinder joint, and the right end of the bidirectional screw shaft is connected with a lower piston in sliding sealing connection with the lower cylinder joint; the lower piston is internally provided with a liquid discharge valve; a pull rod sealing sleeve is arranged in the outlet of the lower cylinder body joint, a hollow reversing control rod which extends into the cavity of the lower cylinder body joint for a section of length is arranged in the pull rod sealing sleeve, and a limiting nut is arranged at the inner end of the reversing control rod; the right end of the rotating outer sleeve is lined with a back cap of a guide ratchet wheel, a guide ratchet wheel and a rotating spiral sleeve in sequence, the guide ratchet wheel is movably connected with the rotating spiral sleeve at the end surface through ratchet teeth, and the rotating spiral sleeve is elastically connected with the rotating inner sleeve.

In the above-mentioned scheme, the first step of the method,

the liquid discharge valve comprises a steel ball in a valve seat, and a reversing ejector rod which extends out of the bottom end of the valve seat when the valve seat is in a sealed state is arranged in the center of the valve seat.

The lower piston at the front end of the liquid discharge valve is lined with a reversing control sleeve, and a buffer spring seat is arranged in the reversing control sleeve.

The rotating outer sleeve is in rolling connection with the rotating inner sleeve through a plurality of balls which are arranged at intervals along the circumference.

The lower cylinder body joint is provided with a throttle valve.

The invention has the advantages that: 1. the high-pressure drilling fluid is utilized, the contact between the steel ball and the valve seat is controlled through the reversing control rod in the cylinder body, and the liquid inlet channels of the upper cylinder body and the lower cylinder body are controlled. The area difference of the upper cylinder body and the lower cylinder body is used for controlling the upper piston and the lower piston to drive the bidirectional spiral shaft to do reciprocating motion. The bidirectional screw shaft is constrained by the fixed screw sleeve on the cylinder body and rotates simultaneously. When the bidirectional screw shaft moves and rotates, the rotary screw sleeve, the guide ratchet wheel, the rotary outer sleeve and the lower cylinder body joint are driven to rotate, the lower cylinder body joint is connected with a reversed part (fish falling), and the reversing operation is realized. 2. The hydraulic transmission is adopted, the output torque is large, power sources such as a rotary table and the like do not need to be arranged on the ground, a pipe column does not need to be rotated, the application range is wide, and the operation is simple. 3. Hydraulic transmission is adopted, and the reverse-buckling fishing operation can be carried out in an inclined well and a horizontal well besides the application in a vertical well. 4. A bidirectional screw shaft 15 moving structure with an upper piston and a lower piston is adopted, pressure difference formed by different areas of an upper cavity and a lower cavity is utilized, rotation of a hydraulic control lower cylinder body joint is realized, and a solid line is subjected to unfreezing and fishing operation when encountering a blockage tool.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1, the part names are as follows: the device comprises an upper cylinder body joint 1, an upper sealing retainer 2, an upper piston 3, an upper friction ring 4, a fixed screw sleeve 5, a non-return ratchet 6, a rotating inner sleeve 7, a rotating outer sleeve 8, a screw sleeve spring seat 9, a screw sleeve spring 10, a screw sleeve positioning pin 11, a rotating screw sleeve 12, a guide ratchet 13, a guide ratchet back cap 14, a two-way screw shaft 15, a reversing control rod 16, a lower piston 17, a buffer spring seat 18, a reversing control sleeve 19, a buffer spring 20, a reverse ejection spring 21, a lower friction ring 22, a lower sealing retainer 23, a valve spring 24, a reversing ejector rod 25, a valve seat 26, a lower cylinder body joint 27, a pull rod sealing sleeve 28, a throttle valve screw 29, a throttle valve screw rod 30, a throttle valve spring 31, an oil plug 32, a non-return ratchet spring 33, a limiting nut 34, a steel ball 35, a ball 36 and.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is explained as follows: the part of the graph on the center line of fig. 1 is that the upper piston 3 is at the leftmost end position (starting position), at which the valve passage is closed; the lower part of the centre line of fig. 1 is shown with the lower piston 17 in the rightmost position, in which the valve passage is open.

Referring to fig. 1, the hydraulic reversing device comprises an upper cylinder body joint 1 (connected with a hydraulic spear), a rotating outer sleeve 8 and a lower cylinder body joint 27 (connected with a fishing spear) which are connected in sequence; the inner lining of the rotating outer sleeve 8 is provided with a rotating inner sleeve 7, and the left and the right of the rotating inner sleeve 7 are provided with a fixed spiral sleeve 5 and a rotating spiral sleeve 12; the fixed screw sleeve 5 and the rotary screw sleeve 12 are internally connected with a bidirectional screw shaft 15 (the surface thread buckles of the left part and the right part are opposite); the left end (upper end) of the bidirectional screw shaft 15 is connected with an upper piston 3 connected with the upper cylinder joint 1 in a sliding and sealing way, and the right end (lower end) of the bidirectional screw shaft 15 is connected with a lower piston 17 connected with the lower cylinder joint 27 in a sliding and sealing way; the lower piston 17 is internally provided with a liquid discharge valve; a pull rod sealing sleeve 28 is arranged in the outlet of the lower cylinder body joint 27, a hollow reversing control rod 16 which extends into the cavity of the lower cylinder body joint 27 for a section of length is arranged in the pull rod sealing sleeve 28, and a limit nut 34 is arranged at the inner end of the reversing control rod 16; the right end of the rotating outer sleeve 8 is internally lined with a guide ratchet wheel back cap 14, a guide ratchet wheel 13 and a rotating spiral sleeve 12 in sequence, the end surfaces of the guide ratchet wheel 13 and the rotating spiral sleeve 12 are movably connected (the guide ratchet wheel 13 and the rotating spiral sleeve can be separated) through ratchets 37, and the rotating spiral sleeve 12 and the rotating inner sleeve 7 are elastically connected (so that the rotating spiral sleeve 12 is in forced contact when being close to the guide ratchet wheel 13).

The liquid discharge valve comprises a steel ball 35 in a valve seat 26, and a reversing ejector rod 25 extending out of the bottom end of the valve seat 26 when the valve seat 26 is in a sealed state is arranged in the center.

The lower piston 17 at the front end of the liquid discharge valve is lined with a reversing control sleeve 19, and a buffer spring seat 18 is arranged in the reversing control sleeve 19.

The rotating outer sleeve 8 is connected with the rotating inner sleeve 7 in a rolling way through a plurality of balls 36 which are arranged at intervals and along the circumference.

A throttle valve is arranged on the lower cylinder body joint 27.

The use method or the working principle is as follows:

1. when the upper cylinder body joint 1 is pressed (at the moment, the lower cylinder body joint 27 is blocked), high-pressure liquid enters the upper cylinder body, the upper cylinder body drives the bidirectional screw shaft 15 to move rightwards and rotate leftwards (the fixed screw sleeve 5 restrains the bidirectional screw shaft 15), the bidirectional screw shaft 15 drives the rotary screw sleeve 12 to rotate leftwards, the rotary screw sleeve 12 drives the guide ratchet 13 to rotate leftwards, and the guide ratchet 13 drives the rotary outer sleeve 8 and the lower cylinder body joint 27 to rotate leftwards. At which time the valve passage is closed.

2. When the bidirectional screw shaft 15 reaches a dead point (the lower piston 17 is at the rightmost end position), the bidirectional screw shaft 15 ejects the steel ball 35 leftwards (the reversing ejector rod 25 is pushed back), liquid enters a lower cavity (the sectional area of the lower cavity is larger than that of the upper cavity), high-pressure liquid pushes the lower piston 17 to drive the bidirectional screw shaft 15 to go backwards (go leftwards) and rotate rightwards, the rotary screw sleeve 12 is separated from the guide ratchet 13, the bidirectional screw shaft 15 rotates at the moment, the lower cylinder body joint 27 does not rotate (because the guide ratchet 13 does not rotate), when the bidirectional screw shaft 15 reaches the dead point, the limiting nut 34 at the end of the reversing control rod 16 props against the buffer spring seat 18, the reversing control sleeve 19 forces the steel ball 35 to seal the valve seat 26, and at. At which time the valve passage is opened.

3. And (3) continuing to pressurize, repeating the first step, enabling the bidirectional screw shaft 15 to move rightwards and rotate leftwards, compressing and pressurizing the lower cavity, and enabling the throttle screw 29, the throttle screw rod 30 and the throttle spring 31 to overflow until the reversing ejector rod 25 reaches a bottom dead center, so that reciprocating rotary motion is formed, the lower cylinder body joint 27 is driven to continuously rotate, and back-off is realized. When the ground pressure suddenly drops, the reversing is proved to be successful, and the fishing spear while drilling is used for driving the fish to fall out of the well. Because the throttle valve component (the throttle screw 29, the throttle screw 30 and the throttle spring 31) is arranged, underground accidents caused by oil pipe adhesion due to overlarge torque can be avoided.

The foregoing description is only exemplary of the invention and is not intended to limit the spirit of the invention.