阅读说明：本技术 一种高温气冷堆燃料球的装卸装置及方法 (Loading and unloading device and method for fuel ball of high-temperature gas cooled reactor ) 是由 武方杰 姚尧 张瑞祥 余俨 孙文钊 刘俊峰 李康 李海泉 于 2021-01-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种高温气冷堆燃料球的装卸装置及方法,反应堆压力容器的底部出口与装料控制阀组的入口相连通,装料控制阀组的出口与燃耗测量装置的入口相连通,燃耗测量装置的出口与卸料控制阀组的入口相连通,卸料控制阀组的第一出口与燃料储存系统的入口及可旋转装料装置的入口相连通,卸料控制阀组的第二出口与燃料储存系统的入口相连通,可旋转装料装置的出口与反应堆压力容器的入口相连通,燃料储存系统的出口及新燃料罐的出口分别与装料控制阀组的入口相连通,该装置及方法能够展平堆芯中子通量分布,提高反应堆的安全性及经济性。(The invention discloses a loading and unloading device and method for fuel spheres of a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, wherein an outlet at the bottom of a reactor pressure vessel is communicated with an inlet of a charging control valve group, an outlet of the charging control valve group is communicated with an inlet of a burnup measuring device, an outlet of the burnup measuring device is communicated with an inlet of an unloading control valve group, a first outlet of the unloading control valve group is communicated with an inlet of a fuel storage system and an inlet of a rotatable charging device, a second outlet of the unloading control valve group is communicated with an inlet of the fuel storage system, an outlet of the rotatable charging device is communicated with an inlet of the reactor pressure vessel, and an outlet of the fuel storage system and an outlet of a new fuel tank are respectively communicated with an inlet of the charging control valve group.)

1. The handling device of the fuel ball of the high-temperature gas cooled reactor is characterized by comprising a reactor pressure vessel (1), a charging control valve group (5), a burnup measuring device (3), a discharging control valve group (4), a fuel storage system (2), a rotatable charging device (9), a fresh fuel tank (23), a handling control system (6) and a reactor core measuring system (13) for measuring a reactor core neutron flux distribution diagram in the reactor pressure vessel (1);

the bottom outlet of the reactor pressure vessel (1) is communicated with the inlet of a charging control valve group (5), the outlet of the charging control valve group (5) is communicated with the inlet of a burnup measuring device (3), the outlet of the burnup measuring device (3) is communicated with the inlet of an unloading control valve group (4), the first outlet of the unloading control valve group (4) is communicated with the inlet of a fuel storage system (2) and the inlet of a rotatable charging device (9), the second outlet of the unloading control valve group (4) is communicated with the inlet of the fuel storage system (2), the outlet of the rotatable charging device (9) is communicated with the inlet of the reactor pressure vessel (1), and the outlet of the fuel storage system (2) and the outlet of a new fuel tank (23) are respectively communicated with the inlet of the charging control valve group (5);

the input end of the loading and unloading control system (6) is connected with the output end of the reactor core measuring system (13) and the output end of the burnup measuring device (3), and the output end of the loading and unloading control system (6) is connected with the control end of the unloading control valve group (4) and the control end of the loading control valve group (5).

2. The handling device for fuel ball of high temperature gas cooled reactor according to claim 1, wherein the fuel storage system (2) comprises a plurality of lead-in storage tanks (21) and spent fuel tanks (22), wherein the inlet of the lead-in storage tank (21) and the inlet of the spent fuel tank (22) are respectively communicated with the unloading control valve set (4), and the outlet of the lead-in storage tank (21) and the outlet of the fresh fuel tank (23) are respectively communicated with the inlet of the loading control valve set (5).

3. The handling device for fuel pellets of a high temperature gas cooled reactor according to claim 1, wherein the number of the introduced storage tanks (21) is three.

4. The loading and unloading device for the fuel ball of the high temperature gas cooled reactor according to claim 1, wherein the rotatable loading device (9) comprises a rotatable loading pipe (11) and a rotatable magnetic field generating device (10), wherein the rotatable loading pipe (11) is provided with a permanent magnet (12), the rotatable loading pipe (11) is inserted into the reactor pressure vessel (1) after passing through the rotatable magnetic field generating device (10), and a control end of the rotatable magnetic field generating device (10) is connected with the loading and unloading control system (6).

5. A handling device for fuel pellets of a high temperature gas cooled reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that the number of the loading control valves in the loading control valve group (5) is four, wherein one loading control valve corresponds to one lead-in storage tank (21) or one fresh fuel tank (23).

6. The handling device for fuel spheres of a high temperature gas cooled reactor according to claim 3, wherein the number of the unloading control valves in the unloading control valve group (4) is four, and one unloading control valve corresponds to one lead-in storage tank (21) or one spent fuel tank (22).

7. The handling device for fuel spheres of a high temperature gas cooled reactor as set forth in claim 3, wherein the first introduction storage tank (21) contains fuel spheres with a burnup less than 20000MWd/tU, the second introduction storage tank (21) contains fuel spheres with a burnup of 20000 + 50000MWd/tU, the third introduction storage tank (21) contains fuel spheres with a burnup of 50000 + 80000MWd/tU, and the spent fuel tank (22) contains fuel spheres with a burnup greater than 80000 MWd/tU.

8. The handling device for fuel spheres of a high temperature gas cooled reactor as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that four magnetic field coils are installed in the rotatable loading device (9) and are distributed uniformly in the circumferential direction.

9. A method for loading and unloading fuel spheres of a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, which is based on the loading and unloading device of the fuel spheres of the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor of claim 1 and comprises the following steps:

the loading and unloading control system (6) measures the distribution diagram of the neutron flux of the reactor core through the reactor core measuring system (13), and simultaneously, by controlling the rotatable loading device (9), the fuel spheres with high burnup fall into the region of the neutron flux peak value in the reactor pressure vessel (1), and the fuel spheres with low burnup or new fuel spheres fall into the region of the neutron flux valley value in the reactor pressure vessel (1).

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of nuclear reactor fuel loading and unloading, and relates to a loading and unloading device and method for a fuel ball of a high-temperature gas cooled reactor.

Background

The fuel spheres of the pebble-bed high-temperature gas cooled reactor need to pass through the circulation inside and outside the reactor for a plurality of times during the normal operation period, the current fuel loading and unloading system divides the fuel into spent fuel spheres and recycled fuel spheres, the fuel with different burning depths is not distinguished, and the loading process is to directly transmit the recycled fuel spheres and newly-loaded fresh fuel spheres back to the reactor core again and randomly fall into the pebble bed.

The recycled fuel spheres can enter the reactor core again as long as the burning depth is less than 80000MW/tU, new fuel spheres burnt from 0MW/tU to the 80000MW/tU can randomly fall into the reactor core from the reactor loading port after passing through the fuel loading and unloading system, and the random ball falling behavior without discrimination inevitably causes the radial power of the reactor core to be in an asymmetric distribution state in the daily operation process of the unit, and can cause serious radial power deflection in serious cases. In addition, the axial power distribution of the reactor core has larger randomness, and the problem of how to realize flattening of the neutron flux distribution of the reactor core and improve the safety and the economy of the reactor is difficult in the industry.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a device and a method for loading and unloading fuel spheres of a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, which can flatten the neutron flux distribution in a reactor core and improve the safety and the economical efficiency of the reactor.

In order to achieve the aim, the handling device of the fuel ball of the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor comprises a reactor pressure vessel, a charging control valve group, a burnup measuring device, a discharging control valve group, a fuel storage system, a rotatable charging device, a fresh fuel tank, a handling control system and a reactor core measuring system for measuring a reactor core neutron flux distribution diagram in the reactor pressure vessel;

the outlet at the bottom of the reactor pressure vessel is communicated with the inlet of a charging control valve group, the outlet of the charging control valve group is communicated with the inlet of a burnup measuring device, the outlet of the burnup measuring device is communicated with the inlet of a discharging control valve group, a first outlet of the discharging control valve group is communicated with the inlet of a fuel storage system and the inlet of a rotatable charging device, a second outlet of the discharging control valve group is communicated with the inlet of the fuel storage system, the outlet of the rotatable charging device is communicated with the inlet of the reactor pressure vessel, and the outlet of the fuel storage system and the outlet of a new fuel tank are respectively communicated with the inlet of the charging control valve group;

the input end of the loading and unloading control system is connected with the output end of the reactor core measuring system and the output end of the burnup measuring device, and the output end of the loading and unloading control system is connected with the control end of the unloading control valve group and the control end of the loading control valve group.

The fuel storage system comprises a plurality of lead-in storage tanks and a spent fuel tank, wherein inlets of the lead-in storage tanks and inlets of the spent fuel tank are respectively communicated with the unloading control valve group, and outlets of the lead-in storage tanks and outlets of the fresh fuel tank are respectively communicated with inlets of the loading control valve group.

The number of lead-in storage tanks is three.

The rotatable charging device comprises a rotatable charging pipe and a rotatable magnetic field generating device, wherein a permanent magnet is arranged on the rotatable charging pipe, the rotatable charging pipe penetrates through the rotatable magnetic field generating device and then is inserted into the reactor pressure vessel, and the control end of the rotatable magnetic field generating device is connected with a loading and unloading control system.

The number of the charging control valves in the charging control valve group is four, wherein one charging control valve corresponds to one lead-in storage tank or one new fuel tank.

The number of the discharge control valves in the discharge control valve group is four, wherein one discharge control valve corresponds to one lead-in storage tank or one spent fuel tank.

The first lead-in storage tank is filled with fuel balls with the fuel consumption less than 20000MWd/tU, the second lead-in storage tank is filled with fuel balls with the fuel consumption of 20000-.

Four magnetic field coils are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction in the rotatable charging device.

The method for loading and unloading the fuel ball of the high-temperature gas cooled reactor comprises the following steps:

the loading and unloading control system measures a distribution diagram of the neutron flux of the reactor core through the reactor core measuring system, and simultaneously, by controlling the rotatable loading device, the fuel spheres with high burnup fall into the region where the neutron flux peak value is located in the reactor pressure vessel, and the fuel spheres with low burnup or new fuel spheres fall into the region where the neutron flux valley value is located in the reactor pressure vessel.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

during specific operation, the loading and unloading control system measures the distribution diagram of the neutron flux of the reactor core through the reactor core measuring system, and simultaneously controls the rotatable loading device to enable the fuel spheres with high burnup to fall into the area where the neutron flux peak is located and enable the fuel spheres with low burnup or new fuel spheres to fall into the area where the neutron flux valley is located so as to achieve the purposes of evenly distributing the fuel spheres and flattening the neutron flux distribution.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of the construction of the rotatable charging means 9 according to the invention.

The reactor core measuring system comprises a reactor pressure vessel 1, a fuel storage system 2, a burnup measuring device 3, a discharge control valve bank 4, a charging control valve bank 5, a loading and unloading control system 6, a reactor core radial power distribution curve in a random state 7, a controlled reactor core radial power distribution curve 8, a rotatable charging device 9, a rotatable magnetic field generating device 10, a rotatable charging pipe 11, a permanent magnet 12 and a reactor core measuring system 13.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

referring to fig. 1, the handling device for fuel spheres of a high temperature gas cooled reactor according to the present invention includes a reactor pressure vessel 1, a charging control valve group 5, a burnup measuring device 3, a discharging control valve group 4, a fuel storage system 2, a rotatable charging device 9, a fresh fuel tank 23, a handling control system 6, and a core measuring system 13 for measuring a reactor core neutron flux distribution diagram in the reactor pressure vessel 1; the bottom outlet of the reactor pressure vessel 1 is communicated with the inlet of a charging control valve group 5, the outlet of the charging control valve group 5 is communicated with the inlet of a burnup measuring device 3, the outlet of the burnup measuring device 3 is communicated with the inlet of a discharging control valve group 4, the first outlet of the discharging control valve group 4 is communicated with the inlet of a fuel storage system 2 and the inlet of a rotatable charging device 9, the second outlet of the discharging control valve group 4 is communicated with the inlet of the fuel storage system 2, the outlet of the rotatable charging device 9 is communicated with the inlet of the reactor pressure vessel 1, and the outlet of the fuel storage system 2 and the outlet of a new fuel tank 23 are respectively communicated with the inlet of the charging control valve group 5; the input end of the loading and unloading control system 6 is connected with the output end of the reactor core measuring system 13 and the output end of the burnup measuring device 3, and the output end of the loading and unloading control system 6 is connected with the control end of the unloading control valve group 4 and the control end of the loading control valve group 5.

The fuel storage system 2 comprises a plurality of lead-in storage tanks 21 and a spent fuel tank 22, wherein the inlet of the lead-in storage tank 21 and the inlet of the spent fuel tank 22 are respectively communicated with the discharge control valve group 4, and the outlet of the lead-in storage tank 21 and the outlet of the fresh fuel tank 23 are respectively communicated with the inlet of the charging control valve group 5.

The number of lead-in storage tanks 21 is three; the number of the charging control valves in the charging control valve group 5 is four, wherein one charging control valve corresponds to one lead-in storage tank 21 or one fresh fuel tank 23; the number of the discharge control valves in the discharge control valve group 4 is four, wherein one discharge control valve corresponds to one lead-in storage tank 21 or one spent fuel tank 22.

Referring to fig. 2, the rotatable charging device 9 includes a rotatable charging pipe 11 and a rotatable magnetic field generating device 10, wherein the rotatable charging pipe 11 is provided with a permanent magnet 12, the rotatable charging pipe 11 passes through the rotatable magnetic field generating device 10 and then is inserted into the reactor pressure vessel 1, a control end of the rotatable magnetic field generating device 10 is connected with the loading and unloading control system 6, and four magnetic field coils are uniformly distributed in the rotatable charging device 9 along the circumferential direction.

The first lead-in storage tank 21 is filled with fuel balls with the fuel consumption less than 20000MWd/tU, the second lead-in storage tank 21 is filled with fuel balls with the fuel consumption of 20000-.

The method for loading and unloading the fuel ball of the high-temperature gas cooled reactor comprises the following steps:

the loading and unloading control system 6 measures a distribution diagram 7 of neutron flux in the reactor core through the reactor core measuring system 13, preferentially and immediately sends recycled fuel spheres back to the reactor core, controls the rotatable loading device 9 to enable fuel spheres with high burnup to fall into a region where a neutron flux peak value is located, and enables fuel spheres with low burnup or new fuel spheres to fall into a region where a neutron flux valley value is located, and the rotatable loading device 9 can control a magnetic field to be stabilized at any angle in a 360-degree direction, so that the fuel spheres can fall into any corresponding falling sphere region of the reactor core, and the effects of evenly distributing the fuel spheres and flattening the neutron flux can be achieved.

When the fuel spheres are not immediately loaded into the reactor core and need to be temporarily stored or stored as spent fuel, the loading and unloading control system 6 respectively introduces the fuel spheres with the fuel consumption less than 20000MWd/tU, the fuel spheres with the fuel consumption of 20000 plus 50000MWd/tU and the fuel spheres with the fuel consumption of 50000 plus 80000MWd/tU into the first introduction storage tank 21, the second introduction storage tank 21, the third introduction storage tank 21 and the spent fuel tank 22 through adjusting the unloading control valve set 4. When a fuel ball or a new fuel ball with a specific burnup depth needs to be selected, the loading and unloading control system 6 respectively introduces the fuel ball with the burnup less than 20000MWd/tU, the fuel ball with the burnup at 20000-.

The rotatable charging device 9 comprises a rotatable charging pipe 11 with a permanent magnet 12 and a rotatable magnetic field generating device 10, and charging at different positions is realized by driving the rotatable charging pipe 11 to rotate by adjusting the direction of a magnetic field generated by the rotatable magnetic field generating device 10, specifically, one magnetic field coil is respectively arranged in the directions of 0 °, 90 °, 180 ° and 270 ° of the rotatable charging device 9, wherein 0 ° and 180 ° are a pair, 90 ° and 270 ° are a pair, and the magnitude and direction of current in the magnetic field coil are controlled by a material loading and unloading control system 6, for example, as shown in fig. 2, when a magnetic field in the direction of 135 ° needs to be generated, positive current is introduced at 0 ° and 90 °, negative current is introduced at 180 ° and 270 °, so that two pairs of magnetic pole magnetic fields are superposed to generate a composite magnetic field in the direction of 135 °, and if magnetic fields in other different angles are needed, the direction and the magnitude of current of each magnetic field coil can also, the superimposed magnetic field is rotated according to the required direction, and the permanent magnet 12 is acted by the magnetic force to drive the rotatable charging pipe 11 to rotate at 360 degrees.