阅读说明：本技术 一种选育黑白黄同质糯玉米自交系的方法 (Method for breeding black, white and yellow homogeneous waxy corn inbred line ) 是由 周波 韩小花 孙建军 黄保 王延召 陈京仑 于 2021-01-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种选育黑白黄同质糯玉米自交系的方法,涉及作物改良技术领域。本发明所述方法用黑糯玉米和普通玉米杂交以后,在分离世代选择有黑白黄的杂色果穗上的黑色籽粒种植,而把分离出来的纯黑、纯白、纯黄的果穗淘汰掉。下一世代同样选择有黑白黄的杂色果穗上的黑色籽粒种植,这样连续选自交6代以后,再把黑白黄杂色果穗上的黑、白、黄粒分开种植自交,就可以同时得到黑色、白色、黄色三种糯玉米自交系。利用本发明所述方法可以高效获得农艺性状改良的三种颜色同质糯玉米自交系。(The invention provides a method for breeding a black, white and yellow homogeneous waxy corn inbred line, and relates to the technical field of crop improvement. The method of the invention uses black waxy corn and common corn to be hybridized, black seeds on the heterochromatic ears with black, white and yellow are selected for planting in the separation generation, and the separated pure black, pure white and pure yellow ears are eliminated. The black grains on the black, white and yellow variegated ears are also selected for planting in the next generation, and after 6 generations of selfing are continuously selected, the black, white and yellow grains on the black and white and yellow variegated ears are separately planted for selfing, so that three waxy corn selfing lines of black, white and yellow can be simultaneously obtained. The method can be used for efficiently obtaining three waxy corn inbred lines with improved agronomic characters and the same color.)

1. A method for breeding a black, white and yellow homogeneous waxy corn inbred line is characterized by comprising the following steps: hybridizing the black waxy corn inbred line and the common corn inbred line, screening black grains on the black-white yellow impure color cluster for 6-generation continuous inbred, and respectively inbreeding the black grains, the white grains and the yellow grains on the black-white yellow impure color cluster to obtain an improved yellow waxy inbred line, an improved white waxy inbred line and an improved black waxy inbred line.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the variety of the black waxy corn inbred line comprises the variety of the black waxy corn inbred line Zhengheinuo 01; the common corn inbred line comprises a corn inbred line Chang 7-2.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of crop improvement, and particularly relates to a method for breeding a black, white and yellow homogeneous waxy corn inbred line.

Background

Waxy corn is also known as waxy corn. Waxy maize is distinguished by the fact that the endosperm is composed almost of 100% amylopectin. Compared with common corn starch, the waxy corn starch has the characteristics of high viscosity, difficult retrogradation, good paste stability, high temperature resistance, high transparency, good film forming property, high edible digestibility and the like. The main uses are three: the first is industrial high-quality raw materials, such as sizing agent of high-grade cotton, adhesive, lubricant and the like of high-quality paper; the price of the corn starch is more than 1 time higher than that of common corn starch; secondly, the high-quality feed has amylopectin digestibility of 85 percent and common corn starch of only 69 percent, so that the feed has higher feed conversion rate; thirdly, the raw material is high-quality raw material in food industry.

Compared with the common corn, the waxy corn has the advantages that the proportion of water-soluble protein and salt-soluble protein in the grains is higher, the proportion of alcohol-soluble protein is lower, the content of lysine is increased by 16-74% compared with the content of the common corn generally, the protein quality of the waxy corn grains is good, and the edible quality of the grains is greatly improved. Therefore, the glutinous rice cake can replace the glutinous rice to prepare traditional foods such as cakes and the like. Such as canned food, health powder, bread, noodles, beverage, candy, nutritious porridge, vermicelli, sheet jelly, corn flakes and the like, is favorable for digestion and absorption and is a favorite food type for people. The fresh waxy corn is sticky, soft and fragrant, has thin skin and no residue, contains more contents, generally contains 7-9% of total sugar and 33-38% of dry substances, and therefore contains more abundant nutrient substances and better palatability than sweet corn. The fresh-ear rice is tender and fresh, has the characteristics of delicate, sticky, sweet, fragrant and soft mouthfeel, is easy to digest and absorb, and has great development potential. With the improvement of living standard of people and the requirement of food diversification, waxy corns with sweet grains and rich nutrition are more and more favored by consumers.

With the improvement of living standard of people and the requirement on food diversification, yellow, white, colored, black and purple waxy corns with sweet grains and rich nutrition are more and more favored by consumers with various requirements, and the planting area of the waxy corns is gradually enlarged. The black waxy corn is rich in nutrition and has a special flavor, and the black peel waxy corn contains natural melanin anthocyanin which is an important substance for endowing the black peel waxy corn with unique black purple color. The anthocyanin has good health care function on human body, and the strong inoxidizability of the anthocyanin can effectively remove free radicals so as to achieve the purpose of delaying human body aging.

At present, the black waxy corn in China is lack of germplasm resources and low in quality, so that various and characteristic waxy corn varieties with various colors are innovated to meet the market growth of fresh corn in China.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention provides a method for breeding black, white and yellow homogeneous waxy corn inbred lines, which utilizes a hybrid population to efficiently and rapidly breed homogeneous waxy corn inbred lines with three colors.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

the invention provides a method for breeding a black, white and yellow homogeneous waxy corn inbred line, which comprises the following steps: hybridizing the black waxy corn inbred line and the common corn inbred line, screening black grains on the black-white yellow impure color cluster for 6-generation continuous inbred, and respectively inbreeding the black grains, the white grains and the yellow grains on the black-white yellow impure color cluster to obtain an improved yellow waxy inbred line, an improved white waxy inbred line and an improved black waxy inbred line.

Preferably, the variety of the black waxy corn inbred line comprises a corn inbred line Zhengheinuo 01; the common corn inbred line comprises a corn inbred line Chang 7-2.

The invention provides a method for breeding black, white and yellow homogeneous waxy corn inbred lines, which comprises the steps of hybridizing black waxy corn and common corn, selecting black grains on black, white and yellow impure color ears for planting in a separation generation, and eliminating the separated pure black, pure white and pure yellow ears. The black grains on the black, white and yellow variegated ears are also selected for planting in the next generation, and after 6 generations of selfing are continuously selected, the black, white and yellow grains on the black and white and yellow variegated ears are separately planted for selfing, so that three waxy corn selfing lines of black, white and yellow can be simultaneously obtained. The method can be used for efficiently obtaining three waxy corn inbred lines with improved agronomic characters and the same color.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a breeding flow chart of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a detailed breeding flow chart of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention provides a method for breeding a black, white and yellow homogeneous waxy corn inbred line, which comprises the following steps of: hybridizing the black waxy corn inbred line and the common corn inbred line, screening black grains on the black-white yellow impure color cluster for 6-generation continuous inbred, and respectively inbreeding the black grains, the white grains and the yellow grains on the black-white yellow impure color cluster to obtain an improved yellow waxy inbred line, an improved white waxy inbred line and an improved black waxy inbred line.

The variety of the black waxy corn inbred line preferably comprises a variety of a variety; the common corn inbred line preferably comprises a corn inbred line Chang 7-2 (disclosed in Huafuping, Shenshimin, and the like, the characteristic characteristics of the excellent corn inbred line Chang 7-2 and the utilization thereof [ J ]. Henan agricultural science, 2004, 33(9): 11-13).

In the hybridization, preferably, the black glutinous corn self-bred line Zhengheinuo 01 is used as a female parent, the common corn self-bred line Chang 7-2 is used as a male parent, and F obtained after the hybridization₁In the generation, black ears, yellow-white ears, yellow ears and white ears are eliminated, the variegated ears with black, white and yellow ears are reserved, and black grains on the variegated ears are selected for selfing. Before the selfing, potassium iodide staining is preferably carried out on the pollen, and plants with non-WxWx genotypes are selected for carrying out the first selfing, namely, plants with undyed pollen or half-dyed pollen are selected for carrying out the selfing. After the first selfing, black, yellow and white ears and black grains in selfed progeny are eliminated, the variegated ears with black, white and yellow grains are reserved, black grains on the variegated ears are selected for the second selfing, potassium iodide dyeing is preferably further included before the second selfing, and plants with non-WxWx genotypes (namely, plants with undyed pollen or dyed half of pollen) are also selected for the third selfingAnd (5) crossing, and repeating the crossing until the sixth generation for selfing.

After six generations of selfing, black ears, yellow-white ears, yellow ears and white ears are eliminated, the variegated ears with black, white and yellow grains are reserved, and black, white and yellow grains on the variegated ears are separately planted into ears for selfing, so that the improved yellow glutinous selfing line, the improved white glutinous selfing line and the improved black glutinous selfing line with improved agronomic characters can be obtained.

In the embodiment of the invention, the modified yellow glutinous rice 101, the modified white glutinous rice 101 and the modified black glutinous rice 101 can be obtained by hybridizing, selfing, screening and the like shown in fig. 2 between the Zhenghenuo 01 and the Chang 7-2.

The following examples are provided to illustrate the method for breeding inbred black, white and yellow waxy corn lines of the present invention in detail, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.

Example 1

According to the process shown in the figure 2, from 2011, Zheng black glutinous rice 01 is used as a female parent, a common corn inbred line Chang 7-2 is used as a male parent for breeding, and good inbred lines Zheng black glutinous rice 101, Zheng yellow glutinous rice 101 and Zheng white glutinous rice 101 are bred in 2017.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.