阅读说明：本技术 基于多维剪切作用的液-液非均相旋流反应器和反应方法 (Liquid-liquid heterogeneous cyclone reactor based on multi-dimensional shearing action and reaction method ) 是由 张明阳 刘新辙 王振波 刘学亭 宋永兴 张文科 张林华 于 2020-12-21 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种基于多维剪切作用的液-液非均相旋流反应器和反应方法。包括：混合反应腔,为一个空腔体,在空腔体侧壁的环向上设置切向的分散相入口；导流体,为圆柱体结构,外侧壁设置若干螺旋状的导向叶片,切向孔位于导向叶片出口的下游位置；溢流嘴,紧挨导流体的液体流出端设置,包括溢流管,溢流管的中轴线与混合反应腔的中轴线重合。借助于该反应器可有效降低分散相液滴的平均尺寸,增大相间接触面积,缩短反应时间,提高目标产物产量。该旋流反应器内无动部件,可有效降低能耗及维修成本,减少占地面积。(The invention relates to a liquid-liquid heterogeneous cyclone reactor based on multi-dimensional shearing action and a reaction method. The method comprises the following steps: the mixed reaction cavity is a cavity body, and a tangential disperse phase inlet is arranged in the circumferential direction of the side wall of the cavity body; the guide body is of a cylindrical structure, the outer side wall of the guide body is provided with a plurality of spiral guide blades, and the tangential holes are positioned at the downstream positions of the outlets of the guide blades; the overflow mouth, the liquid outflow end setting of adjacent baffle, including the overflow pipe, the axis of overflow pipe and the coincidence of the axis of mixing reaction chamber. The average size of dispersed phase liquid drops can be effectively reduced by the reactor, the contact area between phases is increased, the reaction time is shortened, and the yield of a target product is improved. The cyclone reactor has no moving parts, so that the energy consumption and the maintenance cost can be effectively reduced, and the occupied area is reduced.)

1. Liquid-liquid heterogeneous cyclone reactor based on multi-dimensional shearing action, which is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

the mixed reaction cavity is a cavity body, and a tangential disperse phase inlet is arranged in the circumferential direction of the side wall of the cavity body;

the guide body is of a cylindrical structure, a plurality of spiral guide blades are arranged on the outer side wall, and the dispersed phase inlet is positioned at the downstream position of the guide blade outlet;

the separation cavity is of a conical cavity structure and is positioned at one end of the mixing reaction cavity, which is far away from the buffer cavity, and the large opening end of the conical cavity structure is connected with the mixing reaction cavity;

the overflow mouth, the liquid outflow end setting of adjacent baffle, including the overflow pipe, the axis of overflow pipe and the coincidence of the axis of mixing reaction chamber.

2. The multi-dimensional shear based liquid-liquid heterogeneous cyclonic reactor of claim 1, wherein: the overflow spout still includes the overflow spout fixed part, and the overflow spout fixed part is the cylinder type structure, and the overflow pipe passes the overflow spout fixed part, and the overflow spout fixed part is adjacent with the baffle setting.

3. The multi-dimensional shear based liquid-liquid heterogeneous cyclonic reactor of claim 1, wherein: the diameters of the overflow nozzle fixing body and the flow guiding body are the same.

4. A liquid-liquid heterogeneous cyclonic reactor based on multi-dimensional shearing as claimed in claim 3, wherein: one end of the spout fixing body is provided with a pit which is positioned at the outlet end of the overflow pipe.

5. The multi-dimensional shear based liquid-liquid heterogeneous cyclonic reactor of claim 1, wherein: the flow guide body also comprises a flow guide pipe, the flow guide pipe is of a hollow pipe structure, and one end of the flow guide pipe penetrates through the flow guide body and is communicated and connected with the overflow pipe;

preferably, one end of the flow guide pipe extends into the overflow nozzle, and the flow guide pipe is connected with the overflow pipe through the reducer pipe.

6. The multi-dimensional shear based liquid-liquid heterogeneous cyclonic reactor of claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises a buffer cavity which is of a cavity structure and is positioned at the upper end of the guide blade, and the buffer cavity is connected with the mixed reaction cavity through a flow guide body.

7. The multi-dimensional shear based liquid-liquid heterogeneous cyclonic reactor of claim 1, wherein: the buffer cavity is connected with the mixing reaction cavity through guide vanes, and the guide pipe penetrates through the buffer cavity.

8. The multi-dimensional shear based liquid-liquid heterogeneous cyclonic reactor of claim 1, wherein: the separator also comprises an underflow pipe which is a cavity structure with two open ends, and one end of the underflow pipe is connected with the small end of the separation cavity.

9. The multi-dimensional shear based liquid-liquid heterogeneous cyclonic reactor of claim 5, wherein: the mixing reaction cavity and the buffer cavity are of cylindrical structures.

10. A liquid-liquid heterogeneous phase reaction process using the liquid-liquid heterogeneous phase cyclone reactor based on multi-dimensional shearing action as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: the method comprises the following specific steps:

the dispersed phase enters a buffer cavity through a dispersed phase inlet through a tangential hole in the wall surface of the mixing reaction cavity, a three-dimensional shearing flow field is formed by flowing through a guide blade after the flowing is stable, the dispersed phase enters the mixing reaction cavity through the tangential hole, the dispersed phase cylindrical jet gradually forms mother liquid drops at the tail end of the jet under the action of the three-dimensional shearing flow field, the liquid drops are further crushed into child liquid drops after falling off, and the crushed dispersed phase child liquid drops and the continuous phase liquid are contacted and mixed in the mixing reaction cavity to react;

after the reaction is finished, the liquid mixture enters a separation cavity, under the synergistic action of the structure of the cyclone reactor and the density difference of the mixed liquid, the liquid with lower density is discharged through the overflow pipe through the overflow nozzle, and the liquid with higher density is discharged through the underflow pipe, so that the separation process is finished.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of liquid-liquid heterogeneous mixing, reaction and separation equipment, and particularly relates to a liquid-liquid heterogeneous cyclone reactor and a reaction method based on a multi-dimensional shearing effect.

Background

The information in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and is not necessarily to be construed as an admission or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art that is already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.

The liquid-liquid heterogeneous reaction refers to the mixing, transferring and reacting processes between two liquid phases which are not mutually soluble, and is widely applied to the chemical production processes of polymerization, degradation, nano material synthesis, emulsion preparation, nitration, vulcanization and the like of aromatic compounds. The inventor finds that the reaction is characterized in that liquid-liquid two phases are not mutually soluble, the mass transfer resistance between the two phases is large, and the aim of uniform mixing is difficult to achieve.

The liquid-liquid heterogeneous reaction is realized by dispersing a dispersed phase in a continuous phase in the form of droplets, and the formation and size control of the droplets of the dispersed phase are realized by using a reaction device. At present, the most widely used in industry is a stirred tank reactor, but the mixing scale of the mechanical stirring process is usually large, the mixing time is long, and the turbulence intensity near the stirring paddle is far greater than that at the side wall, so that the uneven mixing is easily caused. In addition, in the prior art, timely separation of products cannot be realized in liquid-liquid heterogeneous reaction, and side reactions are inevitably generated.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above problems in the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a liquid-liquid heterogeneous cyclone reactor and reaction method based on multi-dimensional shearing action.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

in a first aspect, a liquid-liquid heterogeneous cyclone reactor based on multi-dimensional shearing action comprises:

the mixed reaction cavity is a cavity body, and a tangential hole is arranged on the circumferential direction of the side wall of the cavity body and is a dispersed phase inlet;

the guide body is of a cylindrical structure, a plurality of spiral guide blades are arranged on the outer side wall of the guide body, the tangential hole is positioned at the downstream position of the guide blades along the liquid outflow direction, and the tangential direction of the tangential hole is consistent with the tangential direction of the outlet of the guide blades;

the overflow mouth, the liquid outflow end setting of adjacent baffle, including the overflow pipe, the axis of overflow pipe and the coincidence of the axis of mixing reaction chamber.

In a second aspect, a liquid-liquid heterogeneous phase reaction method is carried out by using a liquid-liquid heterogeneous phase cyclone reactor based on multidimensional shearing action, and comprises the following specific steps:

the dispersed phase enters the mixing reaction cavity from a tangential hole on the wall surface of the mixing reaction cavity through a dispersed phase inlet, the dispersed phase is primarily sheared through the tangential hole to form a cylindrical jet flow, the continuous phase enters the buffer cavity through a continuous phase inlet, flows through the guide vane to form a three-dimensional shearing flow field after flowing stably and enters the mixing reaction cavity, the tail end of the cylindrical jet flow of the dispersed phase gradually forms mother liquid drops under the action of the three-dimensional shearing flow field, the liquid drops are further crushed into sub liquid drops after falling off, and the crushed dispersed phase sub liquid drops and the continuous phase are contacted and mixed in the mixing reaction cavity to react;

after the reaction is finished, the liquid mixture enters a separation cavity, under the synergistic action of the structure of the cyclone reactor and the density difference of the mixed liquid, the liquid with lower density is discharged through the overflow pipe through the overflow nozzle, and the liquid with higher density is discharged through the underflow pipe, so that the separation process is finished.

One or more technical schemes of the invention have the following beneficial effects:

the processes of mixing, reacting and separating units are coupled in a single device, so that the multifunction of the reactor is realized, the chemical production process flow is simplified, the structure of a multi-dimensional shear flow field is realized by means of a static part, and the energy consumption cost and the maintenance cost caused by the existence of a movable part are reduced; and the broken process of the dispersed phase liquid drop is aggravated by the strong three-dimensional shearing flow field in the cyclone reactor, the average size of the dispersed phase liquid drop can be effectively reduced, the interphase contact area is increased, the reaction time is shortened, and the yield of the target product is improved.

By the liquid-liquid heterogeneous cyclone reactor based on the multidimensional shearing action, the problems of large mixing scale, uneven mixing and the like of the traditional stirred tank reactor can be solved; meanwhile, no moving part is arranged in the cyclone reactor, so that the energy consumption and the maintenance cost can be effectively reduced, the chemical production process can be simplified by the integration of the processes of the mixing unit, the reaction unit and the separation unit, and the occupied area is reduced. The broken process of the dispersed phase liquid drops is aggravated by the strong three-dimensional shearing flow field in the cyclone reactor, the average size of the dispersed phase liquid drops can be effectively reduced, the interphase contact area is increased, the reaction time is shortened, and the yield of the target product is improved. In addition, the number of blades of the guide blades, the width of an outlet and the number and arrangement of tangential holes can be adjusted according to the requirements of reaction kinetics of different reaction systems, so that the operation flexibility and the application range of the whole device are increased.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a liquid-liquid heterogeneous cyclone reactor based on multi-dimensional shearing action;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the interior of a liquid-liquid heterogeneous cyclone reactor based on multi-dimensional shearing action;

fig. 3 is a structural view of a flow conductor;

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the overflow lip;

the device comprises a mixing reaction cavity, a tangential hole, a flow guide body, a guide vane, an overflow nozzle fixing body, an overflow pipe, a flow guide pipe, a buffer cavity, a separation cavity, a bottom flow pipe, a continuous phase inlet, a separation cavity, a bottom flow pipe, a flow guide pipe, a separation cavity, a bottom flow pipe and a continuous phase inlet, wherein the mixing reaction cavity comprises 1, 2, a tangential hole, 3, a flow guide.

Detailed Description

It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

A liquid-liquid heterogeneous cyclone reactor based on multi-dimensional shearing action comprising:

the mixed reaction cavity is a cavity body, and a tangential disperse phase inlet is arranged in the circumferential direction of the side wall of the cavity body;

the guide body is of a cylindrical structure, a plurality of spiral guide blades are arranged on the outer side wall of the guide body, the tangential hole is positioned at the downstream position of the guide blades along the liquid outflow direction, and the tangential direction of the tangential hole is consistent with the tangential direction of the outlet of the guide blades;

the separation cavity is of a conical cavity structure and is positioned at one end of the mixing reaction cavity, which is far away from the buffer cavity, and the large opening end of the conical cavity structure is connected with the mixing reaction cavity;

the overflow mouth, the liquid outflow end setting of adjacent baffle, including the overflow pipe, the axis of overflow pipe and the coincidence of the axis of mixing reaction chamber.

In some embodiments of the invention, the overflow spout further comprises an overflow spout fixing body, the overflow spout fixing body is of a cylindrical structure, the overflow pipe passes through the overflow spout fixing body, and the overflow spout fixing body is arranged next to the flow guiding body.

In some embodiments of the invention, a well is provided at one end of the spout holder, the well being located at the outlet end of the overflow tube

In some embodiments of the invention, the diameters of the spout fixture and the flow conductor are the same.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the flow guiding body further includes a flow guiding pipe, the flow guiding pipe is of a hollow pipe structure, and one end of the flow guiding pipe penetrates through the flow guiding body and is connected to the overflow pipe in a communicating manner.

In some embodiments of the invention, one end of the flow guide pipe extends into the overflow nozzle, and the flow guide pipe is connected with the overflow pipe through the reducer pipe.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the mixing device further comprises a buffer chamber, which is a hollow cavity structure, the buffer chamber is located at the upper end of the guide vane, and the buffer chamber is connected with the mixing reaction chamber through the flow guiding body. Before entering the mixing reaction chamber from the guide vanes, the continuous phase liquid needs to flow through the buffer chamber to realize stable flow.

In some embodiments of the invention, the end of the buffer chamber opposite the mixing reaction chamber is provided with a continuous phase inlet, and the draft tube is disposed through the buffer chamber.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the separator further comprises an underflow pipe, which is a cavity structure with two open ends, and one end of the underflow pipe is connected with the small end of the separation chamber.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the mixing reaction chamber and the buffer chamber have a cylindrical structure.

In a second aspect, a liquid-liquid heterogeneous phase reaction method is carried out by using a liquid-liquid heterogeneous phase cyclone reactor based on multidimensional shearing action, and comprises the following specific steps:

the dispersed phase enters a buffer cavity through a dispersed phase inlet through a tangential hole in the wall surface of the mixing reaction cavity, a three-dimensional shearing flow field is formed by flowing through a guide blade after the flowing is stable, the continuous phase enters the mixing reaction cavity through the tangential hole, the tail end of the jet gradually forms mother liquid drops under the action of the three-dimensional shearing flow field of the dispersed phase cylindrical jet, the mother liquid drops are further crushed into child liquid drops after falling off, and the crushed dispersed phase child liquid drops and the continuous phase liquid are contacted and mixed in the mixing reaction cavity to react;

after the reaction is finished, the liquid mixture enters a separation cavity, under the synergistic action of the structure of the cyclone reactor and the density difference of the mixed liquid, the liquid with lower density is discharged through the overflow pipe through the overflow nozzle, and the liquid with higher density is discharged through the underflow pipe, so that the separation process is finished.

As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the liquid-liquid heterogeneous cyclone reactor based on multi-dimensional shearing action comprises: the mixed reaction chamber 1 is a hollow cavity body, and a tangential disperse phase inlet is arranged in the circumferential direction of the side wall of the hollow cavity body; the flow guide body 3 is of a cylindrical structure, a plurality of spiral guide vanes 4 are arranged on the outer side wall, and the tangential holes 2 are positioned at the downstream positions of the outlets of the guide vanes 4; the overflow mouth, the liquid outflow end that is close to baffle 3 sets up, including overflow pipe 6, the axis of overflow pipe 6 and the coincidence of the axis of mixing reaction chamber 1. The number of vanes and the vane outlet angle of the guide vanes 4 can be varied according to different liquid-liquid heterogeneous reaction systems. The tangential direction of the tangential hole 2 coincides with the outlet tangential direction of the guide vane 4.

The cyclone reactor comprises a continuous phase inlet and a dispersed phase inlet, wherein a tangential hole 2 which is annularly arranged on the side wall of the mixing reaction cavity is the dispersed phase inlet, and dispersed phase liquid enters through the tangential dispersed phase inlet and then forms a rotational flow after the speed of the dispersed phase liquid is changed by a guide vane;

the flow guide body 3 is of a cylindrical structure, and the spiral guide blades 4 are arranged on the outer side wall, so that the continuous phase flows along a rotational flow channel formed by the guide blades 4, and the continuous phase flows rotationally along the direction of the rotational flow channel to form a three-dimensional shear flow field.

The dispersed phase inlet is positioned at the downstream position of the guide vane outlet, so that the three-dimensional shearing flow field meets the swirling dispersed phase fluid after flowing out of the guide fluid, and the shearing action is generated. The dispersed phase stream is formed into a cylindrical jet. Then the cylindrical jet flows in the mixing reaction cavity, under the action of the three-dimensional shearing flow field of the continuous phase, the tail end of the cylindrical jet gradually forms bowling-shaped liquid drops, along with the growth of the liquid drops, the liquid drops and the cylindrical jet form neck-shaped liquid bridges, dispersed phase liquid enters the liquid drops at the tail end through the liquid bridges, along with the gradual reduction of the diameter of the neck-shaped liquid bridges, the minimum neck position moves towards the tail end of the jet until the liquid bridges break off, the liquid drops fall off to form mother liquid drops, then the mother liquid drops are further deformed and broken under the combined action of shearing force, viscous force and surface tension, and the broken child liquid drops are mixed and contacted with the continuous phase to react.

In conclusion, the cyclone reactor promotes the interaction between the dispersed phase and the continuous phase from the aspects of the size distribution and the motion form of the dispersed phase in the continuous phase, regulates and controls the size of the dispersed phase, improves the contact area between phases and improves the reaction efficiency.

After the reaction is finished, the liquid mixture enters the separation cavity 9, under the synergistic action of the structure of the separation cavity and the density difference of the mixed liquid, the liquid with low density forms an internal rotational flow and is discharged through the flow guide pipe, and the liquid with high density forms an external rotational flow and is discharged through the underflow pipe, so that the separation process is finished. The timely separation of products is realized, and the occurrence of side reactions is avoided.

As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the overflow nozzle further includes an overflow nozzle fixing body 5, the overflow nozzle fixing body 5 is a cylindrical structure, the overflow pipe 6 passes through the overflow nozzle fixing body 5, the overflow nozzle fixing body 5 and the flow guiding body 3 are arranged close to each other, a pit 12 is arranged at one end of the overflow nozzle fixing body 5, and the pit 12 is located at an outlet end of the overflow pipe.

The diameters of the overflow lip fixing body 5 and the flow guiding body 3 are the same. The diameters of the overflow nozzle fixing body 5 and the flow guide body 3 are the same, which is beneficial to the flow of liquid, and the design of the overflow nozzle fixing body and the flow guide body into a cylindrical shape is that the inner reference surface of the guide vane is a cylindrical surface, and if the inner reference surface is not designed into the cylindrical surface, a flowing vortex area is generated, which is not beneficial to uniform mixing.

The depression 12 contributes to the buffering of the liquid flow, which, when it hits the overflow lip holder 5, forms a swirling flow again, following the outer wall of the overflow pipe, to the inlet of the overflow pipe and is then discharged through the overflow pipe.

The flow guide body 3 further comprises a flow guide pipe 7, the flow guide pipe 7 is of a hollow pipe structure, and one end of the flow guide pipe 7 penetrates through the flow guide body 3 to be communicated with the overflow pipe 6. After the separation process is finished, the liquid with lower density forms an internal rotational flow, and is discharged through the overflow pipe 6 of the overflow nozzle and the flow guide pipe, and the flow guide pipe 7 plays a role in flow guide.

The reactor also comprises a buffer cavity 8 which is of a cavity structure, wherein the buffer cavity 8 is positioned at the upper end of the flow conductor 3 and is connected with the mixing reaction cavity 1 through the flow conductor 3. The buffer chamber 8 is used for buffering when the continuous phase enters, and the continuous phase can flow into the rotational flow channel from one end of the rotational flow channel of the flow guide body 3 after entering the buffer chamber and having a stable flow state.

One end of the buffer cavity 8 opposite to the mixing reaction cavity 1 is provided with a continuous phase inlet 11 which is connected with the guide body 3, and the guide pipe 7 passes through the buffer cavity 8. The less dense liquid exits the cyclone reactor through draft tube 7.

The diameter of the dispersed phase inlet in the present invention corresponds to the diameter and number of the tangential holes 2, and the diameter and number of the tangential holes 2 vary for different liquid-liquid systems, and the diameter of the dispersed phase inlet varies accordingly.

The separator also comprises an underflow pipe 10 which is a cavity structure with two open ends, and one end of the underflow pipe is connected with the small end of the separation cavity. After the separation process is finished, the liquid with higher density is discharged through the underflow pipe.

The exit angle of the helical guide vanes 4 is not fixed and can be modified for different liquid-liquid systems.

The mixing reaction chamber 1 and the buffer chamber 8 are cylindrical structures. Inside the cylindrical structure, liquid flows in a swirling manner along the inner side wall.

The cyclone reactor is coupled with mixing, reacting and separating units, and the structure of a multi-dimensional shearing flow field is realized by means of a static component, so that compared with the existing stirring reactor, the cost of consumption of a moving component is reduced, the mixing uniformity of a dispersed phase and a continuous phase is improved, the average size of dispersed phase droplets is effectively reduced, the contact area between phases is increased, the reaction time is shortened, and the yield of a target product is improved.

The dispersed phase enters the buffer cavity 8 through the dispersed phase inlet, then enters the mixing reaction cavity 1 through the flow guide body 3, the continuous phase enters the mixing reaction cavity 1 through the continuous phase inlet, the dispersed phase and the continuous phase are mixed and then enter the separation cavity, and then liquid with high density and liquid with low density are separated.

A method for carrying out liquid-liquid heterogeneous phase reaction by utilizing a liquid-liquid heterogeneous phase cyclone reactor based on multidimensional shearing action comprises the following specific steps:

the dispersed phase is mixed in a reaction chamber 1 through a dispersed phase inlet via a tangential hole 2 on the wall surface of the reaction chamber, the dispersed phase is primarily sheared through the tangential hole 2 to form a cylindrical jet flow, the continuous phase enters a buffer chamber 8 through a continuous phase inlet 11, after flowing stably, flows through a guide vane 4 to form a three-dimensional shearing flow field and enters the reaction chamber 1, the tail end of the jet flow of the cylindrical jet flow of the dispersed phase gradually forms mother liquid drops under the action of the three-dimensional shearing flow field, the liquid drops are further crushed into sub liquid drops after falling off, and the crushed dispersed phase sub liquid drops and the continuous phase are contacted and mixed in the reaction chamber to react;

after the reaction, the liquid mixture enters the separation cavity 9, and under the synergistic action of the structure of the cyclone reactor and the density difference of the mixed liquid, the liquid with lower density is discharged through the overflow pipe via the overflow nozzle, and the liquid with higher density is discharged through the underflow pipe 10, so that the separation process is completed.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.