阅读说明：本技术 一种低水分活度氨基葡萄糖盐酸盐及其制备方法与应用 (Glucosamine hydrochloride with low water activity as well as preparation method and application thereof ) 是由 卢健行 柏帅 张倩 徐勤华 马善丽 卢建功 于 2020-12-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及食品添加剂与药品制剂生产技术领域,具体涉及一种低水分活度氨基葡萄糖盐酸盐的制备方法及其应用。本发明采用浓缩N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖发酵液进行水解的工艺来制备氨基葡萄糖盐酸盐,通过控制盐酸水解的温度及时间,制备出具有低水分活度、低潮解性的氨基葡萄糖盐酸盐,所得到的氨基葡萄糖盐酸盐水分活度≤0.85,满足了该产品在食品及保健品尤其是特殊食品及高端保健品的应用。(The invention relates to the technical field of production of food additives and pharmaceutical preparations, in particular to a preparation method and application of glucosamine hydrochloride with low water activity. The invention adopts the process of hydrolyzing concentrated N-acetylglucosamine fermentation liquor to prepare the glucosamine hydrochloride, and prepares the glucosamine hydrochloride with low water activity and low deliquescence by controlling the temperature and the time of hydrolysis of hydrochloric acid, wherein the water activity of the obtained glucosamine hydrochloride is less than or equal to 0.85, thereby meeting the application of the product in foods and health care products, in particular special foods and high-end health care products.)

1. A preparation method of glucosamine hydrochloride with low water activity is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following specific steps:

(1) preparing N-acetylglucosamine by a microbial fermentation method, evaporating and concentrating by MVR equipment to obtain a concentrated solution of the N-acetylglucosamine, and then mixing the concentrated solution with concentrated hydrochloric acid for hydrolysis;

(2) after the hydrolysis is finished, press-filtering by a plate frame to obtain a hydrolysis crude product of the glucosamine hydrochloride;

(3) adding deionized water into the hydrolyzed crude product, stirring for dissolving, adding active carbon, stirring, keeping the temperature for decoloring, and then performing plate-and-frame filter pressing to obtain clear crude product decoloring liquid;

(4) vacuum concentrating the crude product decolorized solution, cooling, crystallizing, and performing plate-and-frame filter pressing to obtain a crystallized crude product;

(5) washing the crystallized crude product with alcohol, and drying to obtain a refined glucosamine hydrochloride product;

the hydrolysis temperature in the step (1) is 70-80 ℃; the hydrolysis time is 6-9 h.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the concentrated solution in the step (1) is 18-25 DEG Be.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein: the mass ratio of the concentrated hydrochloric acid to the N-acetylglucosamine in the step (1) is 2.5-5: 1; the mass fraction of the concentrated hydrochloric acid is 36-37%.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (3), the deionized water is reverse osmosis water, the conductivity is less than 10us/cm, and the mass ratio of the addition amount to the hydrolysis crude product is 1.5-4: 1.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein: the mass percent of the activated carbon in the step (3) is 0.3-0.8%; the decolorizing temperature is 65-90 ℃; the decolorization time is 1-2.5 h.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (4), the concentration temperature is 50-65 ℃, and the concentration is carried out until the concentration reaches 26-32 DEG Be.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein: and (4) controlling the vacuum degree to be-0.07-0.1 Mpa in the step (4).

8. The method of claim 1, wherein: the alcohol washing in the step (5) adopts ethanol washing, and the using amount is 30-60% of the mass of the crude crystal product;

the drying temperature in the step (5) is 55-70 ℃.

9. Glucosamine hydrochloride having a low water activity obtainable by the process according to any one of claims 1 to 8, said glucosamine hydrochloride having a water activity of less than or equal to 0.85.

10. Use of the low water activity glucosamine hydrochloride of claim 9 in the manufacture of a food additive or a pharmaceutical formulation.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of production of food additives and pharmaceutical preparations, in particular to a preparation method and application of glucosamine hydrochloride with low water activity.

Background

The information in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and is not necessarily to be construed as an admission or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art that is already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.

Glucosamine hydrochloride is odorless white crystalline powder with slight bitterness, is easy to dissolve in water and insoluble in ethanol, can promote the synthesis of mucopolysaccharide of a human body, has various physiological effects of antibiosis, anti-inflammation, liver protection, tumor resistance and the like, is regarded as the only substance which can radically cure osteoarticular diseases in the medical field, and is concerned and applied in the fields of health care products and medicines.

The current methods for producing glucosamine hydrochloride mainly comprise two methods: one is prepared by acidolysis of chitin; the other is to obtain N-acetylglucosamine by microbial fermentation, and then obtain glucosamine hydrochloride by acidolysis. There are many methods for producing glucosamine hydrochloride reported in the prior art, such as:

a refining method of glucosamine hydrochloride comprises the following steps: (1) dissolving a glucosamine hydrochloride crude product in water according to the mass ratio of 1: 2-6; (2) adding active carbon into the feed liquid, heating, refluxing, filtering, washing the filter residue with water, and mixing the filtrate with the washing liquid; (3) pressing the mixed solution into a clean zone concentration tank, evaporating until solid is separated out, adding a mixed solvent with the volume 2-5 times that of the mixed solution into the concentration tank, uniformly stirring, cooling and standing until crystals are separated out, wherein the mixed solvent is prepared by mixing ethanol and isopropanol in a volume ratio of 1: 1-5; (4) filtering to obtain crystals, washing the crystals with 75% mixed solvent water solution, and drying to obtain sterile glucosamine hydrochloride crystals.

The extraction method comprises the steps of filtering, electrodialysis desalting, activated carbon decoloring, vacuum concentration, plate-and-frame filtering, centrifuging by a centrifuge, drying by a fluidized drying bed and the like, wherein the content of glucosamine hydrochloride in the extract obtained by the method can reach more than 99.6 percent, and the extract has high light transmittance and good quality.

The refining process includes acidolysis, active carbon adsorption, ultrafiltration, concentration, crystallization, washing and drying, and the microbial fermentation liquid containing N-acetyl-D-glucosamine and D-glucosamine is separated and purified to obtain glucosamine hydrochloride with high recovery rate and high product purity.

However, the inventor finds that the glucosamine hydrochloride obtained by the preparation method has high water activity, and influences the application of the glucosamine hydrochloride in the fields of food and health care products, especially special medical food and high-end health care products to a certain extent.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention provides glucosamine hydrochloride with low water activity and low deliquescence as well as a preparation method and application thereof.

In order to achieve the above object, the first aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing glucosamine hydrochloride with low water activity, which comprises the following steps:

(1) preparing N-acetylglucosamine by microorganism fermentation, evaporating and concentrating by MVR equipment to obtain N-acetylglucosamine concentrated solution, and mixing the concentrated solution with concentrated hydrochloric acid for hydrolysis.

(2) And after the hydrolysis is finished, performing plate-and-frame filter pressing to obtain a hydrolysis crude product of the glucosamine hydrochloride.

(3) And adding deionized water into the hydrolysis crude product, stirring and dissolving, adding active carbon, stirring and preserving heat for decoloring, and then performing plate-and-frame filter pressing to obtain clear crude product decoloring liquid.

(4) And (3) concentrating the crude product decolorized solution in vacuum, cooling, crystallizing, and performing plate-and-frame filter pressing to obtain a crystallized crude product.

(5) And washing the crystallized crude product with alcohol, and drying to obtain a refined glucosamine hydrochloride product.

The hydrolysis temperature in the step (1) is 70-80 ℃; the hydrolysis time is 6-9 h.

In a second aspect, the invention provides glucosamine hydrochloride with low water activity obtained by the preparation method, wherein the water activity of the glucosamine hydrochloride is less than or equal to 0.85.

In a third aspect, the present invention provides the use of the low water activity glucosamine hydrochloride described above in the manufacture of a food additive or a pharmaceutical formulation.

One or more embodiments of the present invention have at least the following advantageous effects:

the invention adopts the process of hydrolyzing concentrated N-acetylglucosamine fermentation liquor to prepare the glucosamine hydrochloride, and prepares the glucosamine hydrochloride with low water activity and low deliquescence by controlling the temperature and the time of hydrolysis of hydrochloric acid, wherein the water activity of the obtained glucosamine hydrochloride is less than or equal to 0.85, thereby meeting the application of the product in foods and health care products, in particular special foods and high-end health care products.

Detailed Description

It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

The Water Activity (abbreviated as aw) is the ratio of the vapor pressure of Water in food to the saturated vapor pressure of pure Water at the same temperature, i.e., the lower the aw value and the higher the bound Water ratio in food, the more possible enzymatic reactions in food can be inhibited, and the effect of stabilizing the quality of food can be achieved.

As introduced in the background art, the glucosamine hydrochloride obtained by the existing preparation method has high water activity, which affects the application of the glucosamine hydrochloride in the fields of food and health care products, in particular special medical food and high-end health care products to a certain extent, and in order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a preparation method of the glucosamine hydrochloride with low water activity, which comprises the following specific steps:

(1) preparing N-acetylglucosamine by microorganism fermentation, evaporating and concentrating by MVR equipment to obtain N-acetylglucosamine concentrated solution, and mixing the concentrated solution with concentrated hydrochloric acid for hydrolysis.

(2) And after the hydrolysis is finished, performing plate-and-frame filter pressing to obtain a hydrolysis crude product of the glucosamine hydrochloride.

(3) And adding deionized water into the hydrolysis crude product, stirring and dissolving, adding active carbon, stirring and preserving heat for decoloring, and then performing plate-and-frame filter pressing to obtain clear crude product decoloring liquid.

(4) And (3) concentrating the crude product decolorized solution in vacuum, cooling, crystallizing, and performing plate-and-frame filter pressing to obtain a crystallized crude product.

(5) And washing the crystallized crude product with alcohol, and drying to obtain a refined glucosamine hydrochloride product.

In one or more embodiments of the invention, the concentrated solution in the step (1) is 18-25 ° Be;

in one or more embodiments of the invention, the hydrolysis temperature in step (1) is 70 to 80 ℃:

in one or more embodiments of the invention, the mass ratio of concentrated hydrochloric acid to N-acetylglucosamine in step (1) is 2.5-5: 1; the mass fraction of the concentrated hydrochloric acid is 36-37%.

In one or more embodiments of the invention, the hydrolysis time in step (1) is 6 to 9 hours;

in one or more embodiments of the invention, the deionized water in the step (3) is reverse osmosis water, the conductivity is less than 10us/cm, and the mass ratio of the addition amount to the crude hydrolysis product is 1.5-4: 1;

in one or more embodiments of the present invention, the amount of activated carbon added in step (3) is 0.3-0.8% (w/w);

in one or more embodiments of the present invention, the decoloring temperature in the step (3) is 65 to 90 ℃;

in one or more embodiments of the invention, the decolorization time in step (3) is 1 to 2.5 h;

in one or more embodiments of the invention, the concentration temperature in the step (4) is 50-65 ℃, and the concentration is carried out until the concentration reaches 26-32 DEG Be;

in one or more embodiments of the present invention, the degree of vacuum in the step (4) is controlled to be-0.07 to 0.1 Mpa;

in one or more embodiments of the present invention, the alcohol washing in step (5) is performed by ethanol washing, and the amount of the alcohol washing is 30-60% (w/w) of the mass of the crude crystal;

in one or more embodiments of the present invention, the drying temperature in the step (5) is 55 to 70 ℃.

In a second aspect, the invention provides glucosamine hydrochloride with low water activity obtained by the preparation method, wherein the water activity of the glucosamine hydrochloride is less than or equal to 0.85.

In a third aspect, the present invention provides the use of the low water activity glucosamine hydrochloride described above in the manufacture of a food additive or a pharmaceutical formulation.

In order to make the technical solution of the present invention more clearly understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples and comparative examples.

The concentrated hydrochloric acid in each of the examples and comparative examples was a commercially available type and had a concentration of 36 to 38%.

The detection method of water activity comprises the following steps:

and (3) detecting by adopting an Aquala water activity detector, adding the prepared refined glucosamine hydrochloride into a sample cup of the detector, putting the sample cup into a detection groove, closing the detection groove, and reading. After about 3-5min, the detection result is shown.

Detection method of low deliquescence:

the measurement was carried out according to the method prescribed in GB 5009.3-2016 (national Standard for food safety) for measuring moisture in foods.

Example 1

18^°Mixing the N-acetylglucosamine concentrated solution of Be with 36 percent of concentrated hydrochloric acid, hydrolyzing for 7h at 75 ℃, wherein the mass ratio of the added concentrated hydrochloric acid to the N-acetylglucosamine is 3: 1. And after the hydrolysis is finished, performing plate-and-frame filter pressing to obtain a hydrolysis crude product of the glucosamine hydrochloride. Adding deionized water into the hydrolysis crude product for dissolving, wherein the ratio of the solid to the added deionized water is 1:1.5, stirring uniformly, adding 0.5% of activated carbon, heating to 75 ℃, stirring and preserving heat for 1 h. Filtering with plate frame to obtain filtrate, and vacuum concentrating at 60 deg.C under-0.08 Mpa to 28^°And B, cooling, crystallizing, and drying at 65 ℃ to obtain the refined glucosamine hydrochloride. The glucosamine hydrochloride obtained was tested to have a water activity of 0.846.

Example 2

18^°Mixing the N-acetylglucosamine concentrated solution of Be with 36 percent of concentrated hydrochloric acid, hydrolyzing for 6h at 80 ℃, and adding 3:1 mass ratio of concentrated hydrochloric acid to N-acetylglucosamine. And after the hydrolysis is finished, performing plate-and-frame filter pressing to obtain a hydrolysis crude product of the glucosamine hydrochloride. Adding deionized water into the hydrolysis crude product for dissolving, wherein the ratio of the solid to the added deionized water is 1:2, stirring uniformly, adding 0.5% of activated carbon, heating to 75 ℃, stirring and preserving heat for 1 h. Filtering with plate frame to obtain filtrate, and vacuum concentrating at 60 deg.C under-0.08 Mpa to 29^°And B, cooling, crystallizing, and drying at 65 ℃ to obtain the refined glucosamine hydrochloride. The glucosamine hydrochloride obtained was measured to have a water activity of 0.841.

Example 3

18^°Mixing the N-acetylglucosamine concentrated solution of Be with 36 percent of concentrated hydrochloric acid, hydrolyzing for 9h at 70 ℃, and adding 3:1 mass ratio of concentrated hydrochloric acid to N-acetylglucosamine. And after the hydrolysis is finished, performing plate-and-frame filter pressing to obtain a hydrolysis crude product of the glucosamine hydrochloride. Adding deionized water into the hydrolysis crude product for dissolving, wherein the ratio of the solid to the added deionized water is 1:3, stirring uniformly, adding 0.5% of active carbon, heating to 75 ℃, stirring and preserving heat for 1 h. Filtering with plate frame to obtain filtrate, and vacuum concentrating at 60 deg.C under-0.08 Mpa to 30^°Be, after cooling and crystallizationDrying at 65 deg.C to obtain refined glucosamine hydrochloride. The water activity of the glucosamine hydrochloride obtained was measured to be 0.842.

Comparative example 1

18^°Mixing the N-acetylglucosamine concentrated solution of Be with 36 percent of concentrated hydrochloric acid, hydrolyzing for 3h at 50 ℃, and adding 3:1 mass ratio of the concentrated hydrochloric acid to the N-acetylglucosamine. And after the hydrolysis is finished, performing plate-and-frame filter pressing to obtain a hydrolysis crude product of the glucosamine hydrochloride. Adding deionized water into the hydrolysis crude product for dissolving, wherein the ratio of the solid to the added deionized water is 1:3, stirring uniformly, adding 0.5% of active carbon, heating to 75 ℃, stirring and preserving heat for 1 h. Filtering with plate frame to obtain filtrate, and vacuum concentrating at 60 deg.C under-0.08 Mpa to 30^°And B, cooling, crystallizing, and drying at 65 ℃ to obtain the refined glucosamine hydrochloride. The water activity of the glucosamine hydrochloride obtained was determined to be 0.861.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.