阅读说明：本技术 用于hv部件的pwm操控的方法 (Method for PWM actuation of HV components ) 是由 P·莱因斯勒 J·舍尔施密特 M·普雷彭斯 于 2020-10-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种用于多于一个HV部件的PWM操控以实现所述HV部件所需的功率,在所述方法中,通过单独的PWM控制电路来操控每个HV部件,本发明还涉及一种用于执行所述方法的设备,其中,设置用于2…n个HV部件的PWM操控的单独的PWM控制电路,并且其中设置装置,所述装置用于不对称地划分由PWM电路提供的单独的PWM操控的相移。(The invention relates to a PWM control for more than one HV block in order to achieve the power required by the HV blocks, in which method each HV block is controlled by a separate PWM control circuit, and to a device for carrying out the method, wherein separate PWM control circuits for the PWM control of 2 … n HV blocks are provided, and wherein means are provided for asymmetrically dividing the phase shift of the separate PWM control provided by the PWM circuits.)

1. A method for PWM manipulation of more than one HV component to achieve the power required by the HV component, in which method each HV component is manipulated by a separate PWM control circuit.

2. The method of claim 1, in which method an odd number of HV components are used.

3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, in which the individual PWM control circuits are actuated phase-shifted from one another.

4. A method according to claim 3, in which method the phase shifts are divided asymmetrically.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, in which method the HV components comprise at least one or more of the following elements: a heater core, a PTC heater core, a ceramic heater core, or a resistance heater core.

6. An apparatus for carrying out the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein separate PWM control circuits for PWM manipulation of 2 … n HV components are provided, wherein means are provided to asymmetrically divide the phase shift of the separate PWM manipulations provided by the PWM circuits.

7. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein said separate PWM control circuit for PWM manipulation of said 2 … n HV components comprises the following elements as means for asymmetric PWM manipulation:

a common oscillator unit for providing a uniform basic signal (f) for all individual PWM control circuits_PWMBase)；

2 … n duty cycle units;

wherein the means for asymmetric PWM manipulation comprises the following elements:

2 … n phase shifter elements.

8. The device according to claim 6 or 7, wherein there are 2 … n load switches, in particular IGBTs, for individual PWM manipulation of the 2 … n HV components.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method for PWM control of HV components to achieve the power required by an upper-level system.

Background

HV components (e.g. load resistors in electrically driven vehicles) have to operate fully normally over a relatively large voltage range, which in the case of a 400V on-board network is 250V … 450V.

In order to ensure the functional effectiveness, the negative part is designed in such a way thatA load resistance (e.g., in the form of a heating element) such that the load resistance achieves the desired power at 250V. At higher voltages, significantly (squarely) higher powers (P ═ U) are achieved in these power resistors during full operation²R), which would destroy the load resistance by thermal overload. Adjustments must be made to reduce this power to a maximum value. Furthermore, the power in the resistor must be reduced (regulated) below a maximum value when required.

Thus, the HV component or load resistance (preferably with corresponding duty cycle and f) is typically regulated by PWM manipulation_SchaltRepeated, in particular continuous, switching on and off of the switching frequency ≈ 400Hz … 20 kHz). Thereby, it is possible to set not only the maximum power but also the required power. However, vehicle network disturbances, such as line-dependent (leitsusgebendene) and field-dependent (feldgebendene) disturbances and current ripples (stromeripple), occur as a result. One approach for reducing current ripple is to decompose the HV components or load resistance into a plurality (1.. n) of smaller load resistances (Δ I) with larger resistances and phase shifts for manipulation_Schalt＝ΔI_System/n；f_System＝n*f_Schalt)。

By dividing the HV parts or the load resistance, not only at f_SchaltAnd will be at f_SystemAnd their common divisor, produce line-related and field-related interference. This effect is particularly pronounced at the inverse (reziproken) duty cycle (→ 1/8, 1/4, 3/8, 1/2, 5/8, 3/4, 7/8, 1 when n ═ 8). For example at f_Schalt＝500Hz；n＝8；At 500Hz, 1kHz, 2kHz, 4kHz (═ f)_System) Is too high

Therefore, there is a need for a method for PWM control of HV components to achieve the power required by the HV components, which method ensures that the line-related and field-related disturbances occurring are reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the invention is to provide a method for PWM control of HV components in order to achieve the power required by the HV components, in which method line-related and field-related disturbances are reduced.

This object is achieved by the features of the invention. In a preferred embodiment, an advantageous embodiment of the invention is described.

The invention therefore proposes a method for PWM control of more than one HV component to achieve the power required by the HV component, in which method each HV component is controlled by a separate PWM control circuit.

The line-related and field-related disturbances are reduced compared to the prior art by: each HV component is operated by its own control circuit. An odd number of HV components is advantageously used. In this sense, preferably 3 to 9 HV components are used.

The HV component is particularly preferably a heater, in particular in a vehicle such as an electric car and/or a hybrid electric vehicle.

In accordance with a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the individual PWM control circuits are actuated phase-shifted with respect to one another: particularly advantageously, the phase shift is divided asymmetrically in this case. Asymmetric division means that the phase shifts are not equal but different. In the case of four circuits, these circuits are not connected with an offset of 90 ° respectively, but, for example, at 89 °, 92 °, etc. The phase shift, i.e. the deviation from a symmetrical phase shift of 90 ° between the two circuits, is then, for example, -1 ° or +2 °, i.e. the phase shift is between 1 ° and 2 ° in value.

Whereby line-related and field-related interference is at the system frequency f_SystemIs substantially reduced or distributed over an extended frequency band. The maximum phase shift is preferably 0.5 to 10 degrees, in particular 1 to 6 degrees, in number.

The HV component advantageously comprises at least one or more of the following elements: a heater core, a PTC heater core, a ceramic heater core, or a resistance heater core.

The invention also proposes an apparatus for carrying out the method according to the invention set forth above, wherein separate PWM control circuits for PWM control of the 1 … n HV components are provided, wherein means are provided for asymmetrically dividing the phase shift of the separate PWM control provided by the PWM circuits.

The invention also proposes a device for carrying out the method according to the invention, wherein a PWM control circuit for PWM control of more than one HV component is provided, wherein means are provided for asymmetrically dividing the phase shift onto the HV component or the load resistance in the PWM control provided by the PWM circuit.

Preferably, the PWM control circuit for PWM control of the HV components is designed with an odd number of HV components or load resistors. F can be eliminated by an odd number (if possible) of HV components or load resistors_SchaltAnd f_SystemToo high in the common divisor.

In a circuit-technically simple manner, the individual PWM control circuit for PWM control of 0.. n HV components comprises the following elements as a device for asymmetrical PWM control:

-a common oscillator unit for providing a uniform basic signal (f) for all individual PWM control circuits_{PWM Base})；

-0 … n duty cycle units (on duration units);

wherein the means for asymmetric PWM control comprises the following elements:

-0 … n phase shifter elements.

Advantageously, 1 … n load switches, in particular IGBTs, are provided, which are used for individual PWM control of 1 … n HV components.

The following advantages are also achieved by the invention:

the steering solution according to the invention can be implemented very easily;

the measures required for attenuating line-related and field-related disturbances can be significantly reduced;

compared with the prior art, expensive components can thereby be saved or significantly reduced.

Drawings

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings. Showing:

fig. 1 shows a block diagram of an embodiment of an apparatus for PWM manipulation of HV components according to the invention;

fig. 2 shows a graphical form of PWM manipulation of eight HV components with symmetric phase shift;

fig. 3 shows a graphical form of PWM manipulation of seven HV components with asymmetric phase shift.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of a device according to the invention for PWM control of an HV component (in the present case in the form of a load resistor) in the form of a block diagram. The apparatus includes a PWM control circuit block 10, an oscillator unit 11 and HV components in a configuration of heating cores 12 to 14.

The PWM control circuit block 10 includes 0.. n duty cycle units (on-duration units) 15 to 17 and 0.. n phase shifter units 18 to 20 arranged after the duty cycle units. The same basic signal (f) to be supplied by the oscillator unit 11_{PWM Base}) To the duty cycle unit and the phase shifter unit.

A PWM signal 0 is provided at the output of the phase shifter element 18. The PWM signal 1 is provided at the output of the phase shifter unit 19 and the PWM signal n is provided at the output of the phase shifter unit 20. These PWM signals have a deviation from a symmetrical phase shift with respect to one another, which is produced by the phase shifter element and is 0.5 ° to 10 °, in particular 1 ° to 6 °, in value.

Each PWM signal is used to individually manipulate the load resistance to achieve the power required by the HV component. In detail, the load resistance in the load path 12 is controlled by means of the PWM signal 0, the load resistance in the load path 13 is controlled by means of the PWM signal 1, and the load resistance in the load path 14 is controlled by means of the PWM signal n. Each load resistor is supplied with its individual PWM signal by an individual load switch (in the present case by an IGBT). Thus, load resistor 22 is provided with its PWM signal 0 through IGBT 21. In the same way, the load resistor in the load path 12 is supplied with its PWM signal 1 by the not shown IGBT, while the load resistor in the load path 13 is supplied with its PWM signal n by the not shown IGBT.

In the diagrams of fig. 2 and 3, the time profile of a PWM signal for actuating eight or seven load resistors or for achieving the power required by the load resistors is plotted on the x-axis and the amplitude of the PWM signal is plotted on the y-axis.

In fig. 2, the phase shift is divided symmetrically, whereas in fig. 3, the proposal for PWM control of the HV component to achieve the power required by the HV component according to the invention divides the phase shift accordingly asymmetrically. It can also be gathered from fig. 2 and 3 that an even number is used in fig. 2 and an odd number of HV components or load resistors is used in fig. 3.

Due to the asymmetrical phase-shift-dividing measure shown in fig. 3, line-related and field-related disturbances can occur at the system frequency f_SystemIs reduced or distributed over an extended frequency band or duty cycle range. By additionally extracting an odd number of load resistors from fig. 2, f can be eliminated_SchaltAnd f_SystemTo eliminate over-high.