阅读说明：本技术 一种修复农田重金属污染的方法 (Method for remedying heavy metal pollution of farmland ) 是由 周其模 于 2020-12-07 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种修复农田重金属污染的方法,包括以下步骤：S1：先对重金属污染的土壤进行翻耕,翻耕深度为10-15厘米；S2：准备蚯蚓,然后将蚯蚓投放至需要修复的土壤中；S3：准备水果皮和菜叶等进行定期投放,使蚯蚓的食物充足；本发明涉及修复农田技术领域,该修复农田重金属污染的方法通过蚯蚓在土中的生长、穿插等活动,能够大大加快微生物向污染土壤的转移速度,从而促进微生物对土壤修复的作用,并且蚯蚓能够把土壤中的有机物分解转化为有机酸,使土壤中的重金属钝化并失去毒性,蚯蚓体内携带的各种微生物,提高土壤中活性微生物量,有利于污染土壤生态系统的恢复,并且蚯蚓修复投资小,不会对土壤造成二次污染,工程较小,方便进行实施。(The invention discloses a method for remedying heavy metal pollution of a farmland, which comprises the following steps: s1: firstly, ploughing the soil polluted by heavy metals to a depth of 10-15 cm; s2: preparing earthworms, and then putting the earthworms into soil needing to be repaired; s3: fruit peels, vegetable leaves and the like are prepared to be put regularly, so that the food of the earthworms is sufficient; the invention relates to the technical field of farmland restoration, and the method for restoring heavy metal pollution of farmland can greatly accelerate the transfer speed of microorganisms to the polluted soil through the activities of growth, interpenetration and the like of earthworms in the soil, thereby promoting the effect of the microorganisms on soil restoration, and the earthworms can decompose and convert organic matters in the soil into organic acid, so that the heavy metal in the soil is passivated and loses toxicity, various microorganisms carried in the earthworms improve the active microorganism amount in the soil, thereby being beneficial to the restoration of the ecological system of the polluted soil, having small investment for earthworm restoration, not causing secondary pollution to the soil, having small engineering and being convenient to implement.)

1. The method for remedying the heavy metal pollution of the farmland is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1: firstly, ploughing the soil polluted by heavy metals to a depth of 10-15 cm;

s2: preparing earthworms, and then putting the earthworms into soil needing to be repaired;

s3: fruit peels, vegetable leaves and the like are prepared to be put regularly, so that the food of the earthworms is sufficient;

s4: after the farmland recovers, the farmland is irrigated to enable the earthworms to move to the ground from the underground, then the earthworms are collected, a drainage channel is arranged, and redundant water is discharged.

2. The method for remediating heavy metal pollution of agricultural land as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the earthworm collecting device comprises an earthworm collecting device (1), wherein the earthworm collecting device (1) comprises a collecting box (11), an inclined plate (12) is fixedly connected inside the collecting box (11), and a handle (13) is rotatably connected on the collecting box (11);

the sealing assembly (2) is fixed on the collecting box (11), the sealing assembly (2) comprises a discharging groove (21), a fixed disc (22) is fixedly connected to the discharging groove (21), a rotating disc (23) is rotatably connected to the fixed disc (22), a sealing plate (24) is fixedly connected to the rotating disc (23), and a positioning plate (25) is fixedly connected to the fixed disc (22);

the resetting assembly (3) is fixed inside the collecting box (11), the resetting assembly (3) comprises a sliding cylinder (31), a sliding disc (32) is connected inside the sliding cylinder (31) in a sliding mode, a push rod (33) is fixedly connected to the sliding disc (32), a first spring (34) is fixedly connected to the sliding disc (32), and a transmission rod (35) is fixedly connected to the sealing plate (24);

the catching component (4) is arranged on the handle (13), the catching component (4) comprises a connecting rod (41), a holding rod (42) is fixedly connected to the connecting rod (41), a second spring (43) is fixedly connected to the holding rod (42), and a pulling rod (44) is slidably connected to the inside of the connecting rod (41);

the sliding assembly (5) is fixed at one end of the connecting rod (41), the sliding assembly (5) comprises an installation cylinder (51), a sliding disc (52) is connected inside the installation cylinder (51) in a sliding mode, a pulling rope (53) is fixedly connected to the sliding disc (52), a third spring (54) is fixedly connected to the sliding disc (52), and a fixed disc (55) is fixedly connected inside the installation cylinder (51);

centre gripping subassembly (6), centre gripping subassembly (6) are fixed in on sliding tray (52), centre gripping subassembly (6) are including three hornblocks (61), fixedly connected with connecting plate (62) on three hornblocks (61), one end fixedly connected with grip block (63) of connecting plate (62), fixedly connected with fourth spring (64) on three hornblocks (61).

3. The method for remediating heavy metal pollution of agricultural land as claimed in claim 2, wherein: a limiting groove (7) is formed in the mounting cylinder (51), a limiting rod (8) is connected to the inside of the limiting groove (7) in a sliding mode, and one end of the limiting rod (8) is fixedly connected with the sliding disc (52).

4. The method for remediating heavy metal pollution of agricultural land as claimed in claim 2, wherein: fixedly connected with buckle (9) on handle (13), connecting rod (41) joint in the inside of buckle (9).

5. The method for remediating heavy metal pollution of agricultural land as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the discharging groove (21) is formed in the collecting box (11), the number of the fixed disks (22) is two, and the two fixed disks (22) are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the discharging groove (21).

6. The method for remediating heavy metal pollution of agricultural land as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the sliding cylinder (31) is fixed inside the collecting box (11), and the push rod (33) is connected with the inner surface of the sliding cylinder (31) in a sliding mode.

7. The method for remediating heavy metal pollution of agricultural land as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the first spring (34) is positioned on the left side of the sliding disk (32), and the transmission rod (35) is positioned on one side of the push rod (33).

8. The method for remediating heavy metal pollution of agricultural land as claimed in claim 2, wherein: one end of the second spring (43) is fixedly connected with the pulling rod (44), and the pulling rod (44) is connected with the connecting rod (41) in a sliding mode.

9. The method for remediating heavy metal pollution of agricultural land as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the pulling rope (53) is connected with the connecting rod (41) in a sliding mode, one end of the pulling rope (53) is fixedly connected with the pulling rod (44), and the third spring (54) is located between the fixed disc (55) and the sliding disc (52).

10. The method for remediating heavy metal pollution of agricultural land as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the triangular blocks (61) are arranged in two numbers, the triangular blocks (61) are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the sliding disc (52), the triangular blocks (61) are rotationally connected with the sliding disc (52), and the fourth spring (64) is located between the two connecting plates (62).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of farmland remediation, in particular to a method for remediating heavy metal pollution of a farmland.

Background

In recent years, the heavy metal pollution in China presents an aggravating situation, the heavy metal pollution in soil poses serious threats to ecological environment, food safety and human health, the investigation published by the ministry of environmental protection and the ministry of national soil resources shows that the soil environment condition in China is overall not optimistic, the soil pollution in partial areas is serious, the soil environment quality of cultivated land is great, the soil environment problem of industrial and mining waste lands is prominent, and the heavy metal pollution in farmlands has complexity, long-term accumulation, occurance concealment, toxicity slow effectiveness, diagnosis specificity and recovery long-term performance, so the heavy metal pollution is a 'invisible killer' which is salty for human health.

In the prior art, a physical method and a chemical method are mostly adopted for repairing polluted soil, the physical separation technology requires that pollutants have higher concentration and exist in phase media with different physical characteristics, dust is generated when the pollutants are screened, the pollutants in a fine particle diameter part in a solid matrix and the pollutants in waste liquid need to be reprocessed, the chemical method needs to remove slag and disperse the soil, then the soil is fully mixed with an extracting agent, heavy metals are transferred to the soil extracting agent, and the implementation is inconvenient.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for remedying heavy metal pollution in farmland, and solves the problem that physical remediation and chemical remediation are inconvenient to implement.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a method for remedying heavy metal pollution of farmland comprises the following steps:

s1: firstly, ploughing the soil polluted by heavy metals to a depth of 10-15 cm;

s2: preparing earthworms, and then putting the earthworms into soil needing to be repaired;

s3: fruit peels, vegetable leaves and the like are prepared to be put regularly, so that the food of the earthworms is sufficient;

s4: after the farmland recovers, the farmland is irrigated to enable the earthworms to move to the ground from the underground, then the earthworms are collected, a drainage channel is arranged, and redundant water is discharged.

The earthworm collecting device comprises a collecting box, an inclined plate is fixedly connected inside the collecting box, and a handle is rotatably connected to the collecting box; the sealing assembly is fixed on the collecting box and comprises a discharging groove, a fixed disc is fixedly connected onto the discharging groove, a rotating disc is rotatably connected onto the fixed disc, a sealing plate is fixedly connected onto the rotating disc, and a positioning plate is fixedly connected onto the fixed disc; the reset assembly is fixed inside the collecting box and comprises a sliding cylinder, a sliding disc is connected inside the sliding cylinder in a sliding mode, a push rod is fixedly connected to the sliding disc, a first spring is fixedly connected to the sliding disc, and a transmission rod is fixedly connected to the sealing plate; the catching assembly is arranged on the handle and comprises a connecting rod, a holding rod is fixedly connected onto the connecting rod, a second spring is fixedly connected onto the holding rod, and a pulling rod is slidably connected into the connecting rod; the sliding assembly is fixed at one end of the connecting rod and comprises an installation cylinder, a sliding disc is connected inside the installation cylinder in a sliding mode, a pulling rope is fixedly connected to the sliding disc, a third spring is fixedly connected to the sliding disc, and a fixed disc is fixedly connected inside the installation cylinder; the clamping assembly is fixed on the sliding disc and comprises a triangular block, a connecting plate is fixedly connected to the triangular block, a clamping plate is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting plate, and a fourth spring is fixedly connected to the triangular block.

Furthermore, a limiting groove is formed in the mounting cylinder, a limiting rod is connected to the inside of the limiting groove in a sliding mode, and one end of the limiting rod is fixedly connected with the sliding disc.

Further, fixedly connected with buckle on the handle, the connecting rod joint in the inside of buckle.

Furthermore, the discharging groove is formed in the collecting box, the number of the fixing discs is two, and the two fixing discs are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the discharging groove.

Further, the sliding cylinder is fixed inside the collecting box, and the push rod is connected with the inner surface of the sliding cylinder in a sliding mode.

Further, the first spring is located on the left side of the sliding disk, and the transmission rod is located on one side of the pushing rod.

Furthermore, one end of the second spring is fixedly connected with the pulling rod, and the pulling rod is connected with the connecting rod in a sliding manner.

Furthermore, the pulling rope is connected with the connecting rod in a sliding mode, one end of the pulling rope is fixedly connected with the pulling rod, and the third spring is located between the fixed disc and the sliding disc.

Furthermore, the triangle block is provided with two, two triangle block symmetric distribution is in the both sides of sliding tray, the triangle block with sliding tray rotates to be connected, the fourth spring is located between two connecting plates.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

according to the method for restoring the heavy metal pollution of the farmland, earthworms are placed in soil to be restored, have strong tolerance and enrichment capacity to heavy metals, can play an enrichment role which is difficult to realize by other methods for the heavy metals in the soil, can move in the soil, such as growth and alternation, and can greatly accelerate the transfer speed of microorganisms to the polluted soil, so that the effect of the microorganisms on restoring the soil is promoted, the earthworms can decompose and convert organic matters in the soil into organic acid, so that the heavy metals in the soil are passivated and lose toxicity, various microorganisms carried in the earthworms can improve the biomass of active microorganisms in the soil, the recovery of a polluted soil ecosystem is facilitated, the earthworm restoring investment is small, secondary pollution can not be caused to the soil, the engineering is small, and the implementation is convenient.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the invention at A in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a side view of the connecting rod of FIG. 1 provided with the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view at B of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a top view of the mounting cartridge of FIG. 4 in accordance with the present invention; .

In the figure: 1-earthworm collecting device, 11-collecting box, 12-sloping plate, 13-handle, 2-sealing component, 21-feeding trough, 22-fixed tray, 23-rotating rod, 24-sealing plate, 25-positioning plate, 3-resetting component, 31-sliding barrel, 32-sliding tray, 33-pushing rod, 34-first spring, 35-driving rod, 4-catching component, 41-connecting rod, 42-holding rod, 43-second spring, 44-pulling rod, 5-sliding component, 51-mounting barrel, 52-sliding tray, 53-pulling rope, 54-third spring, 55-fixed tray, 6-clamping component, 61-triangular block, 62-connecting plate, 63-clamping plate, 64-a fourth spring, 7-a limiting groove, 8-a limiting rod and 9-a buckle.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

First embodiment

The invention provides a technical scheme that: a method for remedying heavy metal pollution of farmland comprises the following steps:

s1: firstly, ploughing the soil polluted by heavy metals to a depth of 10-15 cm;

s2: preparing earthworms, and then putting the earthworms into soil needing to be repaired;

s3: fruit peels, vegetable leaves and the like are prepared to be put regularly, so that the food of the earthworms is sufficient;

s4: after the farmland recovers, the farmland is irrigated to enable the earthworms to move to the ground from the underground, then the earthworms are collected, a drainage channel is arranged, and redundant water is discharged.

When in use:

the earthworms are placed in the soil to be repaired, the earthworms have strong tolerance and enrichment capacity to heavy metals, and can play an enrichment role which is difficult to realize by other methods for the heavy metals in the soil, the earthworms can grow, alternate and the like in the soil, so that the transfer speed of microorganisms to the polluted soil can be greatly accelerated, the effect of the microorganisms on repairing the soil is promoted, and the earthworms can decompose and convert organic matters in the soil into organic acid, so that the heavy metals in the soil are passivated and have no toxicity, various microorganisms carried in the earthworms can improve the active microbial biomass in the soil, the recovery of a polluted soil ecosystem is facilitated, the investment for repairing the earthworms is small, secondary pollution to the soil can not be caused, the engineering is small, and the implementation is convenient.

Second embodiment

Referring to fig. 1 to 5, a second embodiment of the present application provides another method for remedying heavy metal pollution in a farmland based on the method for remedying heavy metal pollution in a farmland provided by the first embodiment of the present application. The second embodiment is only the preferred mode of the first embodiment, and the implementation of the second embodiment does not affect the implementation of the first embodiment alone.

Specifically, the method for remedying heavy metal pollution in a farmland provided by the second embodiment of the application is different in that the method for remedying heavy metal pollution in a farmland further comprises an earthworm collecting device 1, wherein the earthworm collecting device 1 comprises a collecting box 11, an inclined plate 12 is fixedly connected inside the collecting box 11, and a handle 13 is rotatably connected to the collecting box 11; the sealing assembly 2 is fixed on the collecting box 11, the sealing assembly 2 comprises a discharging groove 21, a fixed disc 22 is fixedly connected to the discharging groove 21, a rotating disc 23 is rotatably connected to the fixed disc 22, a sealing plate 24 is fixedly connected to the rotating disc 23, and a positioning plate 25 is fixedly connected to the fixed disc 22; the resetting assembly 3 is fixed inside the collecting box 11, the resetting assembly 3 comprises a sliding cylinder 31, a sliding disc 32 is slidably connected inside the sliding cylinder 31, a push rod 33 is fixedly connected to the sliding disc 32, a first spring 34 is fixedly connected to the sliding disc 32, and a transmission rod 35 is fixedly connected to the sealing plate 24; the catching assembly 4 is arranged on the handle 13, the catching assembly 4 comprises a connecting rod 41, a holding rod 42 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 41, a second spring 43 is fixedly connected to the holding rod 42, and a pulling rod 44 is slidably connected to the inside of the connecting rod 41; the sliding assembly 5 is fixed at one end of the connecting rod 41, the sliding assembly 5 comprises a mounting cylinder 51, a sliding disc 52 is slidably connected inside the mounting cylinder 51, a pulling rope 53 is fixedly connected to the sliding disc 52, a third spring 54 is fixedly connected to the sliding disc 52, and a fixed disc 55 is fixedly connected inside the mounting cylinder 51; the clamping assembly 6, the clamping assembly 6 is fixed in on the sliding tray 52, the clamping assembly 6 includes triangle block 61, fixedly connected with connecting plate 62 on the triangle block 61, the one end fixedly connected with grip block 63 of connecting plate 62, fixedly connected with fourth spring 64 on the triangle block 61.

When the earthworms are clamped, the earthworms and the clamping plate 63 are close to the horizontal position, so that the clamping plate 63 is prevented from clamping the earthworms by two ends of the earthworms to damage the earthworms, the sealing plate 24 rotates downwards to drive the transmission rod 35 to move leftwards, the transmission rod 35 moves leftwards to drive the push rod 33, the push rod 33 moves leftwards to enable the first spring 34 to contract, when the sealing plate 24 does not bear thrust, the push rod 33 is pushed rightwards by the elastic force of the first spring 34, the push rod 33 moves rightwards to drive the transmission rod 35 to move rightwards, the transmission rod 35 moves rightwards to drive the sealing plate 24 to seal the blanking groove 21, the collecting box 11 is provided with air holes for ventilation of the earthworms, the clamping plate 63 is made of soft rubber, and damage to the.

A limiting groove 7 is formed in the mounting cylinder 51, a limiting rod 8 is connected to the inside of the limiting groove 7 in a sliding mode, and one end of the limiting rod 8 is fixedly connected with the sliding disc 52.

The limiting rod 8 and the limiting groove 7 limit the sliding disk 52, so that the sliding disk 52 can only slide up and down in the sliding cylinder 31.

The handle 13 is fixedly connected with a buckle 9, and the connecting rod 41 is clamped inside the buckle 9.

The buckle 9 is used for fixing the connecting rod 41, so that the connecting rod 41 is convenient to carry.

The discharging groove 21 is formed in the collecting box 11, the number of the fixed disks 22 is two, and the two fixed disks 22 are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the discharging groove 21.

The two fixed discs 22 are used for fixing the two sides of the blanking groove 21 so as to prevent earthworms from climbing out of the collecting box 11.

The sliding cylinder 31 is fixed inside the collecting box 11, and the pushing rod 33 is connected with the inner surface of the sliding cylinder 31 in a sliding manner.

The push rod 33 can slide inside the slide cylinder 31, thereby forcing the first spring 34 to contract.

The first spring 34 is located at the left side of the sliding disk 32, and the transmission lever 35 is located at the side of the push lever 33.

The first spring 34 pushes the sealing plate 24 so that the sealing plate 24 does not move downward in the left and right directions without an external force.

One end of the second spring 43 is fixedly connected with the pulling rod 44, and the pulling rod 44 is slidably connected with the connecting rod 41.

The second spring 43 is used for resetting the pulled pulling rod 44, so that repeated operation is facilitated.

The pulling rope 53 is slidably connected to the connecting rod 41, one end of the pulling rope 53 is fixedly connected to the pulling rod 44, and the third spring 54 is located between the fixed disc 55 and the sliding disc 52.

The pulling rope 53 can slide inside the connecting rod 41, and the pulling rod 44 moves left and right to drive one end of the pulling rope 53 to move left and right.

The number of the triangular blocks 61 is two, the two triangular blocks 61 are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the sliding disc 52, the triangular blocks 61 are rotatably connected with the sliding disc 52, and the fourth spring 64 is located between the two connecting plates 62.

The triangle block 61 is when the triangle block 61 gets into the inside of slide cylinder 31, and the slide cylinder 31 can extrude the triangle block 61 to make the triangle block 61 be close to each other, the fourth spring 64 resets the connecting plate 62 after being close to each other, thereby the convenient earthworm of getting next time gets.

The working principle is as follows:

when earthworms need to be collected, the connecting rod 41 is taken down from the handle 13, then the holding rod 42 is held to enable one end of the connecting rod 41 to face downwards, then the clamping plates 63 are placed on two sides of the earthworms to be collected, the pulling rod 44 is pulled upwards, the pulling rod 44 moves upwards to drive the pulling rope 53 to move upwards, the pulling rope 53 moves upwards to drive the sliding disc 52 to move upwards, the sliding disc 52 moves upwards to drive the triangular blocks 61 to move upwards, the triangular blocks 61 move upwards to enable the two triangular blocks 61 to approach each other, the two triangular blocks 61 approach each other to drive the two connecting plates 62 to approach each other, the two connecting plates 62 approach each other to drive the two earthworm clamping plates 63 to approach each other, the two clamping plates 63 approach each other to clamp the earthworms between the two clamping plates 63, then the holding rod 42 is lifted, one end of the connecting rod 41 is placed between the two sealing plates 24, then the holding rod 42 is pushed downwards, the connecting rod 41 is driven to move downwards by the downward movement of the holding rod 42, the sealing plate 24 is driven to move downwards by the downward movement of the connecting rod 41, the sealing plate 24 is driven to not seal the blanking groove 21 any more by the downward movement of the sealing plate 24, so that the pulling rod 44 is released, the sliding disc 52 is driven to the right by the third spring 54, the triangular block 61 is driven to move to the right by the right movement of the sliding disc 52, the connecting plate 62 is driven by the fourth spring 64, the two connecting plates 62 are far away from each other, the two clamping plates 63 are driven to be far away from each other, so that earthworms on the clamping plates 63 fall into the collecting box 11, the holding rod 42 is driven to move upwards by the upward movement of the holding rod 42, the connecting rod 41 is driven to move upwards by the upward movement of, the pushing rod 33 rotates the transmission rod 35, and the transmission rod 35 rotates the sealing plate 24 upward, so that the sealing plate 24 seals the chute 21.

Has the advantages that:

through pulling the pole 44, make two grip blocks 63 be close to each other to carry out the centre gripping to the earthworm, when avoiding collecting the earthworm through the manual work, remaining pollutant can cause human discomfort on the earthworm, and collect the earthworm after the centre gripping through collecting box 11, thereby put in the earthworm to next place needs prosthetic farmland, thereby practiced thrift the cost that the purchase earthworm brought.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.