阅读说明：本技术 平衡肘自由锻的方法及平衡肘自由锻的辅助工装 (Method for freely forging balance elbow and auxiliary tool for freely forging balance elbow ) 是由 李志杰 钟军 李萍 彭丽芳 于 2020-11-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明实施例提供一种平衡肘自由锻的方法及平衡肘自由锻的辅助工装。本发明实施例提供的平衡肘自由锻的方法包括：制坯,锻造出上表面具有第一凸台和第二凸台的坯料,其中第一凸台用于加工成型平衡肘的第一本体部,第二凸台用于成型平衡肘的第二弯折部；成型,将坯料放置在下胎膜上,上胎膜踩压坯料,使坯料的第二凸台与下胎膜的型腔贴合,成型平衡肘；其中,下胎膜的上表面形成有V形型腔,上胎膜为圆棒。本发明实施例提供的平衡肘自由锻的方法,使锻件整体成形,金属流线随型分布,锻件性能均匀性一致,显著提高了产品的内部质量。同时,较之采用板料加工成型,提高了材料利用率,锻件机加工余量较小,减少了机械加工时间,降低了生产成本。(The embodiment of the invention provides a method for freely forging a balance elbow and an auxiliary tool for freely forging the balance elbow. The method for freely forging the balance elbow, provided by the embodiment of the invention, comprises the following steps: the manufacturing method comprises the following steps of (1) blank manufacturing, wherein a blank with a first boss and a second boss on the upper surface is forged, the first boss is used for machining and forming a first body part of the balance elbow, and the second boss is used for forming a second bending part of the balance elbow; forming, namely placing the blank on a lower tire membrane, and treading the blank by an upper tire membrane to ensure that a second boss of the blank is attached to a cavity of the lower tire membrane to form a balance elbow; wherein, the upper surface of lower fetal membrane is formed with V-arrangement die cavity, goes up fetal membrane and is the pole. The method for freely forging the balance elbow provided by the embodiment of the invention enables the forging to be integrally formed, the metal streamline is distributed along with the shape, the performance uniformity of the forging is consistent, and the internal quality of the product is obviously improved. Meanwhile, compared with the method of processing and forming by adopting a plate material, the method improves the material utilization rate, has smaller machining allowance of the forging piece, reduces the machining time and reduces the production cost.)

1. A method of balancing elbow free forging, comprising:

the manufacturing method comprises the following steps of (1) blank manufacturing, wherein a blank with a first boss and a second boss on the upper surface is forged, the first boss is used for machining and forming a first body part of the balance elbow, and the second boss is used for forming a second bending part of the balance elbow;

forming, namely placing the blank on a lower tire membrane, and treading the blank by an upper tire membrane to ensure that the second boss of the blank is attached to the cavity of the lower tire membrane to form the balance elbow; the upper surface of the lower tire membrane is provided with a V-shaped cavity, and the upper tire membrane is a round bar.

2. The method of balanced elbow free forging as set forth in claim 1 wherein said blanking step comprises:

forging a flat square blank, and marking one surface of the flat square blank.

3. The method of balanced elbow free forging as set forth in claim 2 wherein said blanking process further includes:

drawing one end of the flat square blank, and printing a mark on the drawn blank.

4. The method of balanced elbow free forging as set forth in claim 3 wherein said blanking process further includes:

and drawing the blank with the printed number to form the first boss and the second boss on the upper surface of the blank.

5. The method of balanced elbow free forging as set forth in claim 1 wherein said forming step further includes:

placing the second boss of the blank toward the V-shaped cavity.

6. The method of balancing elbow free forging of claim 1, further comprising:

and heating the blank, wherein the blank is a titanium alloy blank, the heating temperature of the titanium alloy blank is 20-60 ℃ below the phase change point, and the heat preservation time of the titanium alloy blank is calculated according to the cross section size of the titanium alloy blank and according to 0.3-0.8 min/mm.

7. The method of balancing elbow free forging of claim 1, further comprising:

and grinding surface cracks of the blank and the balance elbow.

8. An auxiliary tool for balance elbow free forging for carrying out the method for balance elbow free forging according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising:

the upper tire membrane is a round bar;

and a V-shaped cavity is formed on the upper surface of the lower tire casing, and the angle of the V-shaped cavity is matched with that of the second bending part.

9. The balance elbow free forging auxiliary tool according to claim 8, wherein one end of the upper surface of the lower tire membrane is rounded.

10. The balance elbow free-forging auxiliary tool set forth in claim 8 wherein the size of the upper tire casing matches the width of the second boss.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of free forging of a balance elbow, in particular to a free forging method of the balance elbow and an auxiliary tool for free forging of the balance elbow.

Background

The balance elbow is shaped like the letter "Z" and products of this type generally have a load bearing and load transmitting effect. Because of its special shape and structure, it belongs to irregular parts, at present, most of them adopt steel casting or free forging to forge large plate material, then machine them to form. The steel casting machine is adopted for machining and forming, the internal quality of the product is poor, and the service life is short. And the massive plate is used for processing and forming, the streamline of metal is cut off by mechanical processing, and compared with the integral forging and forming, the quality of the plate cannot reach the quality grade of the integral forging and forming. In addition, the large plate is adopted for processing and forming, the mechanical processing working hours are longer, the number of cut dressings is more, and the production cost is higher. Based on the method, a free forging method suitable for the balance elbow is developed, the shape of the balance elbow is formed, the metal streamline is ensured, and the internal quality of the balance elbow can be obviously improved.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the invention provides a method for freely forging a balance elbow and an auxiliary tool for freely forging the balance elbow, which are used for solving the defects of poor internal quality and low blank utilization rate of the balance elbow in the prior art and realizing the free forging of the balance elbow.

The embodiment of the invention provides a method for freely forging a balance elbow, which comprises the following steps: the manufacturing method comprises the following steps of (1) blank manufacturing, wherein a blank with a first boss and a second boss on the upper surface is forged, the first boss is used for machining and forming a first body part of the balance elbow, and the second boss is used for forming a second bending part of the balance elbow; forming, namely placing the blank on a lower tire membrane, and treading the blank by an upper tire membrane to ensure that the second boss of the blank is attached to the cavity of the lower tire membrane to form the balance elbow; the upper surface of the lower tire membrane is provided with a V-shaped cavity, and the upper tire membrane is a round bar.

According to the method for freely forging the balance elbow, the blank manufacturing process comprises the following steps: forging a flat square blank, and marking one surface of the flat square blank.

According to the method for balancing elbow free forging, the blank manufacturing process further comprises the following steps: drawing one end of the flat square blank, and printing a mark on the drawn blank.

According to the method for balancing elbow free forging, the blank manufacturing process further comprises the following steps: and drawing the blank with the printed number to form the first boss and the second boss on the upper surface of the blank.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the forming process further includes: placing the second boss of the blank toward the V-shaped cavity.

A method of balancing elbow free-forging according to one embodiment of the present invention further comprises: and heating the blank, wherein the blank is a titanium alloy blank, the heating temperature of the titanium alloy blank is 20-60 ℃ below the phase change point, and the heat preservation time of the titanium alloy blank is calculated according to the cross section size of the titanium alloy blank and according to 0.3-0.8 min/mm.

A method of balancing elbow free-forging according to one embodiment of the present invention further comprises: and grinding surface cracks of the blank and the balance elbow.

The embodiment of the invention also provides an auxiliary tool for freely forging the balance elbow, which comprises: the upper tire membrane is a round bar; and a V-shaped cavity is formed on the upper surface of the lower tire casing, and the angle of the V-shaped cavity is matched with that of the second bending part.

According to the auxiliary tool for the free forging of the balance elbow, one end of the upper surface of the lower tire membrane is provided with a round angle in an inverted mode.

According to the auxiliary tool for the free forging of the balance elbow, the size of the upper tire membrane is matched with the width size of the second boss.

The method for freely forging the balance elbow provided by the embodiment of the invention enables the forging to be integrally formed, the metal streamline is distributed along with the shape, the performance uniformity of the forging is consistent, and the internal quality of the product is obviously improved. Meanwhile, compared with the method of processing and forming by adopting a plate material, the method improves the material utilization rate, has smaller machining allowance of the forging piece, reduces the machining time and reduces the production cost.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a drawing of a balance elbow forging;

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for balanced elbow free-form forging according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a number print of a free-form elbow rest according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a front view of a balanced elbow free forged blank provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a top view of a balanced elbow free forged blank provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic representation of a free-form, equilibrium elbow form forging embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic representation of a free-form, equilibrium elbow form forging embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of an auxiliary tool for balance elbow free forging provided by the embodiment of the invention.

Reference numerals:

1: balancing the elbow; 2: flat square blank; 3: a number printing knife; 4: a first boss; 5: a second boss; 11: a first body portion; 12: a connecting portion; 13: a second body portion; 21: mounting a fetal membrane; 22: discharging a fetal membrane; 01. 02: and (4) carrying out the steps.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The method for balancing elbow free forging and the auxiliary tool for balancing elbow free forging according to the embodiment of the invention are described below with reference to fig. 1 to 8.

As shown in fig. 1, the balance elbow 1 forging comprises a first body portion 11, a connecting portion 12 and a second body portion 13, wherein the first body portion 11 and the second body portion 13 are perpendicular to the connecting portion 12 and are opposite in direction. In the free forging process, the products are generally axisymmetric products, and an upper plane and a lower plane which are opposite to each other are printed and drawn simultaneously during forging. The balance elbow 1 forging is a non-axisymmetric product, and cannot be simultaneously marked in an upper plane and a lower plane, and the first body part 11 and the second body part 13 have different orientations and cannot be produced by adopting a conventional forging method, so that the production difficulty is high.

In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, a method of balancing elbow free forging comprises: a blank making step 01 and a forming step 02.

Specifically, a blank with a first boss 4 and a second boss 5 on the upper surface is forged by a flat square blank, wherein the width dimension of the blank satisfies the width dimension of the connecting part 12 of the balance elbow 1, the height of the first boss 4 is greater than the length of the first body part 11 of the balance elbow 1, the length dimension of the first boss 4 is greater than the diameter dimension of the first body part 11, and the first boss 4 is the formed first body part 11. The blank between the first boss 4 and the second boss 5 is used for forming a connecting portion 12 of the balance elbow 1, the length dimension of the connecting portion 12 is smaller than that of the connecting portion 12 of the balance elbow 1, the second boss 5 is used for forming a second bending portion of the balance elbow 1, namely a connecting portion part of the second body portion 13 and the connecting portion 12, and the rest of the blank is used for forming the second body portion 13 of the balance elbow 1. During the forming, the second boss 5 is bent, so that the second body part 13 is perpendicular to the connecting part 12 and opposite to the first body part 11, and the balance elbow 1 forging is formed.

After the blank is formed, the blank is placed on the lower tire membrane 22, wherein the first boss 4 is placed outside the lower tire membrane 22 because the first boss does not need to be deformed, the second boss 5 faces the V-shaped cavity of the lower tire membrane 22, the upper tire membrane 21 is placed on the opposite surface of the second boss 5, the upper anvil presses the upper tire membrane 21 downwards, the upper tire membrane 21 moves downwards, the second boss 5 is pressed downwards, the second boss 5 starts to be deformed in the downward movement process, metal flows towards a place with small resistance and is attached to the V-shaped cavity of the lower tire membrane 22, and a second bending part at the connection part of the forming connection part 12 and the second body part 13 is formed. By forming the second bending portion, the second body portion 13 can be disposed opposite to the first body portion 11, and the balance elbow 1 forging can be formed.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the upper membrane 21 may be a round bar blank, which is not easy to cause the surface of the blank to be folded during the pressing blank deformation process.

The forging method provided by the embodiment of the invention is suitable for producing balance elbow 1 forgings made of various materials, such as carbon steel, alloy steel, die steel and titanium alloy.

The method for freely forging the balance elbow provided by the embodiment of the invention enables the forging to be integrally formed, the metal streamline is distributed along with the shape, the performance uniformity of the forging is consistent, and the internal quality of the product is obviously improved. Meanwhile, compared with the method of processing and forming by adopting a plate material, the method improves the material utilization rate, has smaller machining allowance of the forging piece, reduces the machining time and reduces the production cost.

In one embodiment of the invention, the balance elbow 1 forging is made of titanium alloy, and the blanking process specifically comprises the following steps:

because the titanium alloy blank is mostly the rod, in the blanking process, should forge the rod into flat square blank 2 earlier. As shown in fig. 3, the blank size required for forging the first body part 11, the connecting part 12 and the second body part 13 of the balance elbow 1 is calculated according to the principle that the volume is not changed, and the number printing is carried out by using the number printing knife 3, before the number printing, the thickness size of the flat square blank 2 is larger than the length size of the first body part 11 of the balance elbow 1 in consideration of the drawing and shrinking caused by the drawing of the blank after the number printing. The width of the oblong blank 2 is such that it meets the width of the connecting portion 12 of the balance elbow 1. When marking, one side of the flat square blank 2 is marked.

Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the blank manufacturing process further includes: after marking, one end of the flat square blank 2 is drawn out along the impression, the size of the blank required by the connecting part 12 of the balance elbow 1 and the second body part 13 is calculated according to the principle that the volume is not changed, and the blank is printed again on the section of the drawn flat square blank 2, wherein the blank is printed for two times, and the blank between the two impressions is used for forming the second boss 5. Specifically, the blank between the first body 11 and the first impression is used to form the connecting portion 12 of the balance elbow 1, the blank between the two impressions is used to form the second bend portion of the balance elbow 1, and the blank after the second impression is used to form the second body portion 13 of the balance elbow 1.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, in the embodiment of the present invention, the blank manufacturing process further includes: and drawing out the blank after the number printing and finishing. The height dimension of the first boss 4 is larger than the length dimension of the first body part 11 of the balance elbow 1, the width and length dimension of the first boss 4 are larger than the diameter dimension of the first body part 11, namely the finished blank, and the first boss 4 is the first body part 11 of the balance elbow 1. The blank between the first boss 4 and the second boss 5 has a width and thickness dimension greater than the width and thickness dimension of the connecting portion 12 of the balance elbow 1 and a length dimension less than the length dimension of the connecting portion 12 of the balance elbow 1. The length of the blank behind the second boss 5 is greater than the length of the second body 13, and the width and thickness of the blank are greater than the diameter of the second body 13, and the blank is formed into the second bent portion, which is the second body 13 of the balance elbow 1.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the molding process specifically includes:

as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the finished blank is placed on the lower green sheet 22, wherein the first bosses 4 are placed on the outside of the lower green sheet 22, the second bosses 5 face the V-shaped cavities of the lower green sheet 22, the upper green sheet 21 is placed on the opposite side of the second bosses 5, the center line of the upper green sheet 21 is aligned with the center of the second bosses 5, the upper anvil presses the upper green sheet 21 downward, and the second bosses 5 are deformed during the downward movement to gradually fit the V-shaped cavities of the lower green sheet 22. In the process that the second boss 5 moves downwards, the blank behind the second boss 5 bends along the V-shaped cavity, when the second boss 5 is attached to the V-shaped cavity, the second body part 13 is formed, and at the moment, the second body part 13 is perpendicular to the connecting part 12.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the material of the balance elbow 1 is titanium alloy, and the heating temperature is 20-60 ℃ below the transformation point, optionally 960-. The high-temperature heat preservation time is calculated according to the section size of 0.3-0.8 min/mm. In one embodiment of the invention, because the blanking process mainly adopts the drawing-out process, the required force application of the press is small, a 25MN (meganewton) press can be adopted for the blanking process, and compared with the die forging forming balance elbow forging piece, the free forging method provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages that the production capacity of the required equipment is small, and the use capacity of the equipment is optimized.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the titanium alloy is highly susceptible to cracking during forging due to its high strength. After each hot forging, the cracks on the surface of the blank are polished and cleaned, so that the product scrapping caused by the extension of the cracks in the next working procedure is avoided.

Further, because titanium alloy has good ductility and strong viscosity, in the forming process, in order to prevent the formed forged piece from being demolded improperly, graphite can be coated on the surfaces of the V-shaped cavity of the lower die film 22 and the upper die film 21 before forging so as to enhance lubrication.

The forging process of the titanium alloy balance elbow 1 is taken as an example, and the method for freely forging the balance elbow provided by the embodiment of the invention is described in detail below.

Firstly, heating a titanium alloy bar in an electric furnace at the heating temperature of 960-.

And after the high-temperature heat preservation is sufficient, taking the bar out of the furnace for forging, forging the titanium alloy bar into a flat square blank 2 on a 25MN press, polishing the blank after cooling to remove the surface defects of the flat square blank 2, and then heating in the furnace.

After the flat square blank 2 is discharged from the furnace, a number printing knife 3 is adopted to carry out number printing, one end of the flat square blank 2 is drawn out to form a first boss 4, then the drawn end is continuously subjected to number printing and drawing out to form a second boss 5, and the size of the blank is finished. In the process, if the blank cannot be formed in one fire, cracks on the surface of the blank need to be removed after the forging in each fire is completed, and then the blank is heated in a furnace.

After the blank is prepared, the blank is polished to remove surface defects, and then the blank is heated in a furnace.

After the high-temperature heat preservation is sufficient, the blank is placed on the lower tire membrane 22, the first boss 4 is placed outside the lower tire membrane 22, the second boss 5 faces the V-shaped cavity of the lower tire membrane 22, the upper tire membrane 21 is placed on the opposite surface of the second boss 5, the center line of the upper tire membrane 21 is aligned with the center of the second boss 5, the upper anvil presses the upper tire membrane 21 downwards to move downwards, and the second boss 5 deforms in the downward movement process and gradually fits with the V-shaped cavity of the lower tire membrane 22. In the process that the second boss 5 moves downwards, the blank behind the second boss 5 bends along the V-shaped cavity, when the second boss 5 is attached to the V-shaped cavity, the second body part 13 is formed, at the moment, the second body part 13 is perpendicular to the connecting part 12, and the balance elbow 1 forge piece is formed.

As shown in fig. 7 and 8, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an auxiliary tool for balancing elbow free forging, including: an upper membrane 21 and a lower membrane 22. Specifically, the upper mold 21 is a round bar, and the upper surface of the lower mold 22 is formed with a V-shaped cavity having an angle matching the angle of the second bend of the balance elbow 1.

Specifically, when the angle formed by the second body portion 13 and the connecting portion 12 is 90 °, the angle of the V-shaped cavity is 90 °, and when the angle of the second bent portion is another angle, the angle of the V-shaped cavity is equal to the angle. In this case, after the balance elbow 1 forging is formed, since the first bent portion, that is, the angle between the first body 11 and the connecting portion 12 is 90 °, it is necessary to adjust the angle between the first body 11 and the connecting portion 12 by using another process.

Further, the bottom of the V-shaped cavity has a larger arc transition to reduce the resistance of the second boss 5 when deforming.

Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, one end of the upper surface of the lower tire casing 22 is rounded. When the balance elbow 1 is formed, the first boss 4 of the blank is placed outside the lower tire membrane 22, specifically, the first boss 4 of the blank is placed at one end of the rounded chamfer of the lower tire membrane 22, so that the sharp corner position of the end surface can not crush the surface of the blank in the deformation process of the blank, and the product is not scrapped.

Further, in one embodiment of the invention, the size of the upper tire casing 21 matches the width size of the second boss 5. If the size of the upper tire casing 21 is much smaller than the width of the second boss 5, the upper tire casing 21 is easily pressed into the second boss 5 during the deformation of the second boss 5 during the molding process; if the size of the upper mold 21 is much larger than the width of the second boss 5, the second boss 5 is likely to be unable to fit into the V-shaped cavity during the molding process.

According to the auxiliary tool for the free forging of the balance elbow, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the upper and lower tire membranes are used in an auxiliary manner in the free forging process, so that the forging process is simplified, the production difficulty is reduced, and the labor intensity of workers is reduced. Meanwhile, compared with precision die forging, the auxiliary tool is simple to manufacture, low in production cost, low in requirement on production capacity of equipment and high in applicability.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.