阅读说明：本技术 一种防火服面料 (Fabric of fireproof suit ) 是由 崔红 高秀丽 王春霞 高大伟 姚亚亚 施俊杰 于 2020-12-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种防火服面料,由表层、中层和里层构成,表层和里层分别连接在中层的上下两面；表层、中层、里层均为平纹组织,均由经纱和纬纱交织而成；表层为阻燃面料,经纱和纬纱选自芳纶纤维、聚苯硫醚纤维、聚对苯撑苯并双口恶唑纤维、聚苯并咪唑或聚酰亚胺纤维；中层为隔热面料,经纱和纬纱选自芳纶纤维、聚苯硫醚纤维、聚对苯撑苯并双口恶唑纤维、聚苯并咪唑或聚酰亚胺纤维；里层为舒适层,经纱选自芳纶纤维、聚苯硫醚纤维、聚对苯撑苯并双口恶唑纤维、聚苯并咪唑或聚酰亚胺纤维中的一种,里层的纬纱为羊绒纱线。本发明选用高性能纤维作为经纬纱原料,使得面料的阻燃和耐高温的性能更突出,并且采用了三层织物设计,大大减轻了织物的重量。(The invention relates to a fireproof garment fabric which comprises a surface layer, a middle layer and an inner layer, wherein the surface layer and the inner layer are respectively connected to the upper surface and the lower surface of the middle layer; the surface layer, the middle layer and the inner layer are all plain weave and are formed by interweaving warp yarns and weft yarns; the surface layer is made of flame-retardant fabric, and the warp yarns and the weft yarns are selected from aramid fibers, polyphenylene sulfide fibers, poly (p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) fibers, polybenzimidazole or polyimide fibers; the middle layer is a heat insulation fabric, and the warp yarns and the weft yarns are selected from aramid fibers, polyphenylene sulfide fibers, poly-p-phenylene benzobisoxazole fibers, polybenzimidazole or polyimide fibers; the inner layer is a comfortable layer, the warp yarn is selected from one of aramid fiber, polyphenylene sulfide fiber, poly-p-phenylene benzobisoxazole fiber, polybenzimidazole or polyimide fiber, and the weft yarn of the inner layer is cashmere yarn. The invention selects high-performance fiber as the raw material of the warp and weft yarns, so that the flame retardant and high temperature resistance of the fabric are more outstanding, and the weight of the fabric is greatly reduced by adopting a three-layer fabric design.)

1. A fireproof garment fabric is characterized by comprising a surface layer, a middle layer and an inner layer, wherein the surface layer and the inner layer are respectively connected to the upper surface and the lower surface of the middle layer; the surface layer, the middle layer and the inner layer are all plain weave and are formed by interweaving warp yarns and weft yarns; the surface layer is made of flame-retardant fabric, and the warp yarns and the weft yarns are selected from aramid fibers, polyphenylene sulfide fibers, poly (p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) fibers, polybenzimidazole or polyimide fibers; the middle layer is made of heat-insulating fabric, and warp yarns and weft yarns of the middle layer are selected from aramid fibers, polyphenylene sulfide fibers, poly (p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) fibers, polybenzimidazole or polyimide fibers; the inner layer is a comfortable layer, warp yarns of the inner layer are selected from one of aramid fibers, polyphenylene sulfide fibers, poly-p-phenylene benzobisoxazole fibers, polybenzimidazole or polyimide fibers, and weft yarns of the inner layer are cashmere yarns.

2. The fabric of fire-resistant clothing according to claim 1, wherein the warp and weft of the surface layer and the middle layer are polyimide fibers, the warp of the inner layer is polyimide fibers, and the weft is cashmere yarn.

3. The fabric of claim 1, wherein the surface layer has a warp density of 115 to 125 pieces/10 cm, a weft density of 110 to 120 pieces/10 cm, a surface layer thickness of 0.6 to 1.0mm, and a basis weight of 105 to 120g/m²。

4. The fabric of claim 1, wherein the warp density of the middle layer is 115-125 pieces/10 cm, the weft density is 110-120 pieces/10 cm, the thickness of the middle layer is 0.6-1.0 mm, and the gram weight is 110-120 g/m²。

5. The fabric of fire-proof clothing according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the inner layer has a warp density of 115 to 125 pieces/10 cm, a weft density of 110 to 116 pieces/10 cm, a thickness of 0.6 to 1.0mm, and a grammage of 105 to 115g/m²。

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of textiles, and particularly relates to a fireproof garment fabric.

Background

The fire-proof suit is important equipment for protecting the safety of firemen and carrying out rescue operation. Fire fighters often use water guns and other factors to face high-temperature and high-humidity environments in the process of rescuing and extinguishing fire, and the fire fighters need to have good flame retardance, waterproofness and high-temperature resistance and to be as light and portable as possible when being used as fire-proof clothes worn by the fire fighters in the areas close to flames and invaded by strong radiant heat for fire extinguishing rescue. The traditional fire-proof suit usually adopts four-layer structure, which is thicker and heavier. ,

the invention adopts a three-layer fabric design, and aims to change the traditional structure of the fireproof suit, reduce the total weight of the fireproof suit, and further improve the flame retardance, the high temperature resistance and the comfort.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problem that the traditional fireproof suit is thick and heavy, and provides a fireproof suit fabric which reduces the weight of a fabric and improves the flame retardance, high temperature resistance and comfort of the fabric.

Technical scheme

A fireproof garment fabric comprises a surface layer, a middle layer and an inner layer, wherein the surface layer and the inner layer are respectively connected to the upper surface and the lower surface of the middle layer;

the surface layer, the middle layer and the inner layer are all plain weave and are formed by interweaving warp yarns and weft yarns;

the surface layer is made of flame-retardant fabric, and the warp yarns and the weft yarns are selected from aramid fibers, polyphenylene sulfide fibers (PPS), poly-p-phenylene benzobisoxazole fibers (PBO), Polybenzimidazole (PBI) or polyimide fibers (PI); the middle layer is made of heat-insulating fabric, and warp yarns and weft yarns of the middle layer are selected from aramid fibers, polyphenylene sulfide fibers, poly (p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) fibers, polybenzimidazole or polyimide fibers; the inner layer is a comfortable layer, warp yarns of the inner layer are selected from one of aramid fibers, polyphenylene sulfide fibers, poly-p-phenylene benzobisoxazole fibers, polybenzimidazole or polyimide fibers, and weft yarns of the inner layer are cashmere yarns. The design of surface and middle layer fabrics has the functional effects of flame retardance and heat insulation, reduces the interference and harm brought to people by high temperature, and the design of the inner layer enables the three-layer fabrics to have relatively comfortable and soft hand feeling while being flame-retardant and heat-insulated, so that the danger caused by using open fire and high temperature at ordinary times can be reduced, unnecessary loss is avoided, and meanwhile, the additional value of the textile can be greatly increased.

Furthermore, the warp yarns and the weft yarns of the surface layer and the middle layer are both polyimide fibers, the warp yarns of the inner layer are polyimide fibers, and the weft yarns are cashmere yarns. The polyimide fiber has a limiting oxygen index of 44 generally, and has the characteristics of high and low temperature resistance, flame retardance, no molten drop, self-extinguishing after being away from fire and excellent temperature insulation. The limit oxygen index of cashmere is 24-26%, and the cashmere can catch fire when contacting with strong fire, but the burning or smoldering time is not long after the fire source is removed, and the cashmere can not melt or drop while burning.

Further, the density, weft density, thickness and gram weight of the surface layer warp yarn are respectively 115-125 pieces/10 cm, 110-120 pieces/10 cm, 0.6-1.0 mm and 105-120 g/m²。

Further, the warp density, weft density, thickness and gram weight of the middle layer are respectively 115-125 pieces/10 cm, 110-120 pieces/10 cm, 0.6-1.0 mm and 110-120 g/m²。

Further, the density, the weft density, the thickness and the gram weight of the warp yarn of the inner layer are respectively 115-125 pieces/10 cm, 110-116 pieces/10 cm, 0.6-1.0 mm and 105-115 g/m²。

The preparation method of the fireproof suit fabric comprises the following steps:

(1) warping:

the instrument used for warping is a warping plate, four twisting rods are arranged on the warping plate in a staggered mode, one end of the yarn is fixed to the twisting rod on the outermost side, an 8 shape is formed among the four twisting rods, and the process is repeated until the number of needed warp yarns is reached;

(2) drafting:

the drafting process is the combination of straight-through and mountain-shaped through, and is divided into three areas: the first area is heald frames of pages 1, 2, 3 and 4, and surface layer warp yarns are penetrated; the second area is 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 pages of heald frames, and the middle layer warp and the surface layer and the middle layer are connected by a binding part; thirdly, the third area is heald frames of 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 and 18 pages, and the warp yarns of the inner layer and the binding part of the middle layer and the inner layer are penetrated;

(3) reeding:

a reed of 120 reed/10 cm is selected, and the surface layer warp yarns and the middle layer warp yarns penetrate into the same reed, namely 3 parts; the inner layer warp threads penetrate into the same reed dent, namely 2 in;

(4) weaving:

during weaving, the warp yarns are transited from the 3 rd layer to the 2 nd layer and then to the 1 st layer, and during weft insertion, weft insertion is required to be performed sequentially from the 3 rd layer to the 1 st layer.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the invention adopts the design of three layers of fabrics, thereby greatly reducing the weight of the fabrics;

(2) the high-performance fiber is selected as the raw material of the warp and weft yarns, and has the performances of permanent flame retardance, high temperature resistance, self-extinguishing after leaving fire, good dimensional stability and the like, so that the flame retardance and the high temperature resistance of the fabric are more outstanding;

(3) according to the invention, the traditional three-layer structure design is integrated into a three-layer fabric design, and the cashmere fiber is added into the comfort layer, so that the comfort of the comfort layer is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a weave diagram of a triple layer fabric;

FIG. 2 is a weave draft;

FIG. 3 is a top view of a triple layer fabric.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Example 1

A fireproof garment fabric comprises a surface layer, a middle layer and an inner layer, wherein the surface layer and the inner layer are respectively connected to the upper surface and the lower surface of the middle layer;

the surface layer, the middle layer and the inner layer are all plain weave and are formed by interweaving warp yarns and weft yarns; in this embodiment, the surface layer warp and weft yarns are 18.2tex × 2 polyimide fiber yarns, the middle layer warp and weft yarns are 18.2tex × 2 polyimide fiber yarns, the inner layer warp yarns are 18.2tex × 2 polyimide fiber yarns, and the weft yarns are 26tex × 2 cashmere fiber yarns.

In this example, the warp density, weft density, thickness and grammage of the surface layer were 120 pieces/10 cm, 116 pieces/10 cm, 0.7mm, 118g/m, respectively². The warp density, weft density, thickness and gram weight of the middle layer are respectively 120 pieces/10 cm, 114 pieces/10 cm, 0.7mm and 114g/m². The warp density, weft density, thickness and gram weight of the inner layer are respectively 118 pieces/10 cm, 108 pieces/10 cm, 0.6mm and 112g/m². The surface layer, the middle layer and the inner layer are all plain weave, and the weave diagram is shown in figure 1. In the weave diagrams, the 1 st and 2 nd (6, 7, 11, 12 … …) represent the surface layer warp yarns, the 3 rd (8, 13 … …) represents the middle layer warp yarns, and the 4 th and 5 th (9, 10, 14, 15 … …) represent the inner layer warp yarns; in Italian lattice showing the structure point, ■ shows the structure point of the warp and weft interweaving of the surface layer, the middle layer and the inner layer, and the tangle-solidup is the joint point between the surface layer and the middle layer. And o denotes a junction between the middle layer and the inner layer. The designed fabric weave adopts a binding mode of connecting the front warp and the back warp and connecting the middle weft.

The weaving specification design comprises drafting, denting, selvage design, drawing on a machine drawing of the fabric and calculating on the machine.

Drafting design: the surface warp system is threaded at pages 1, 2, 3 and 4, the middle warp system is threaded at pages 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10, and the inner warp system is threaded at pages 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 and 18. The weave draft is shown in figure 2.

Reeding design: a reed of 120 reed/10 cm is selected, and the surface layer warp yarns and the middle layer warp yarns penetrate into the same reed, namely 3 parts; the inner layer warp threads penetrate into the same reed dent, namely 2 in.

Designing a selvedge: the selvage weave of the three-layer fabric is subjected to a flattening weave by 3/3.

Drawing a fabric on a machine drawing: the upper diagram of the triple-layer fabric is shown in figure 3.

The weaving method of the fireproof suit fabric comprises the following steps:

(1) warping:

the instrument used for warping is a warping plate, four twisting rods are arranged on the warping plate in a staggered mode, one end of the yarn is fixed to the twisting rod on the outermost side, an 8 shape is formed among the four twisting rods, and the process is repeated until the number of needed warp yarns is reached;

(2) drafting:

the drafting process is the combination of straight-through and mountain-shaped. The method is divided into three areas:

the first area is heald frames of pages 1, 2, 3 and 4, and surface layer warp yarns are penetrated;

the second area is 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 pages of heald frames, and the middle layer warp and the surface layer and the middle layer are connected by a binding part;

third zone is 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 pages of heald frame, penetrating warp and binding part between middle and inner layers.

(3) Reeding:

a reed of 120 reed/10 cm is selected, and the surface layer warp yarns and the middle layer warp yarns penetrate into the same reed, namely 3 parts; the inner layer warp threads penetrate into the same reed dent, namely 2 in.

(4) Weaving:

during weaving, the warp yarns are transited from the 3 rd layer to the 2 nd layer and then to the 1 st layer, and during weft insertion, weft insertion is required to be performed sequentially from the 3 rd layer to the 1 st layer. The beating-up force is not too heavy when middle weft is thrown, and if unreasonable places are found in midway, the position of a binding point in a card drawing needs to be adjusted in time, so that the yarn arrangement can be adjusted in time to form the designed pattern effect. When the number of beating-up times is large, the yarn is easy to fuzz and pilling, which can cause cloth defects such as broken warp, knotting, and pilling on the back surface, and the warp condition needs to be noticed at any moment in the weaving process.

After the fabric is woven, the basic performance, mechanical property, flame retardant property, thermal stability, comfort performance and the like of the fabric of the fireproof suit in example 1 are tested, and the test results are as follows:

basic properties of fabric

The basic performance parameters of the fabric were tested according to the national standard GB/T4668-1995 determination of the density of the woven fabric and the determination of the mass per unit length and the mass per unit area of the woven fabric according to GB/T4669-1995 determination of the mass per unit length and the mass per unit area of the woven fabric.

The measured warp and weft density of the lower machine of the fabric of the fireproof suit is 357 multiplied by 333/10 cm, and the weight of the square meter is 342g/m²The thickness of the fabric was 1.87 mm.

Second, testing the mechanical properties of the fabric

By adopting an HD026NS electronic fabric strength tester, according to the mechanical properties of the fabric of the fireproof suit tested by GB/T3923-1997, the warp breaking strength is 1326.6N, and the weft breaking strength is 846.3N, so that the requirement of the standard that the warp and weft breaking strength is more than or equal to 650N is met. The tearing strength of the face fabric of the fire-resistant suit was tested according to GB/T3917.2-1997 part 2 of tearing performance of textile fabrics, determination of tearing strength of tongue-shaped test pieces.

The measured warp tear strength was 121.5N and the weft tear strength was 103.7N, which is higher than the standard requirement of 100N. The warp and weft tearing strength of the fireproof suit fabric is better, and the fireproof suit fabric meets the requirements of national standards on the tearing strength of the fireproof suit fabric, so that the expected effect is achieved.

Third, testing flame retardant property

And testing the flame retardant property of the fireproof suit fabric by adopting a vertical combustion experimental instrument according to GB/T5455-.

The warp direction after-flame time of the fabric of the fireproof suit is measured to be 0.1s, the smoldering time is measured to be 0s, the limiting oxygen index is measured to be 38.7%, and the phenomenon of molten drop is avoided. The weft direction flame continuation time is 0s, the smoldering time is 0s, the limiting oxygen index is 38.8 percent, and the phenomenon of molten drops does not occur. Compared with the national standard, the afterflame time is less than or equal to 2s, and the molten drop phenomenon occurs in the experimental process, so that the standard requirement is met, and the expected effect can be achieved.

Fourth, testing the thermal stability of the fabric

And (3) carrying out a thermal stability performance test on the fire-proof suit by using a high-temperature oven according to an annex B method of industrial standard GA10-2014 fire-extinguishing protective suit industrial standard.

The warp shrinkage of the fabric of the fireproof suit is 0.97% and the weft shrinkage is 0.75% after the time interval of 5min at 260 ℃, which is far less than 10% of the standard requirement, and the surface of the fabric has no obvious change and the thermal stability of the fabric is excellent.

Fifth, testing the moisture permeability of the fabric

The moisture permeability of the fireproof clothing fabric is tested by a YG (B) 216-II type fabric moisture permeability instrument according to GB/T12704.1-2009 textile fabric moisture permeability test method.

The moisture permeability of the fabric is measured to be 5453.4g/m²24h, the moisture permeability reaches the national standard GB/T21295-2007 technical requirement for physical and chemical properties of clothing, and the moisture permeability (moisture permeability is 2500 g/m)²24h) and meets the regulations of national standards on waterproof and breathable layers (the water vapor transmission capacity should not be less than 5000 g/m)²24h) to achieve the desired effect.