阅读说明：本技术 基于物联网人工湿地微污染水质检测传感器及检测装置 (Artificial wetland micro-polluted water quality detection sensor and detection device based on Internet of things ) 是由 李翠丹 李静 邱永福 于 2021-01-14 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种基于物联网人工湿地微污染水质检测传感器及检测装置,该传感器依次电连接的感应电路、检波电路、震荡电路及发射电路。通过采用对称匹配电路结构感应电路感应人工湿地微污染水质的信号波形,保障了检波性能的准确性；检波电路对从感应电路获取的信号波形中的凹槽进行检波,获得检波信号作为复调信号；谐振回路在有源晶体管器件的驱动之下,将微弱的晶振复调制信号激励放大发射至自由空间进行无线传输。本发明变容二极管一方面作为检波电路的检波电容,另一方面作为震荡电路中的压控可变电容,节省成本、设备空间,解决了无法长期在污染区进行现场检测难题,保障工作人员的人身安全,提高工作效率,预防与减少事故发生。(The invention discloses a constructed wetland micro-polluted water quality detection sensor and a detection device based on the Internet of things. The signal waveform of the micro-polluted water of the constructed wetland is induced by adopting the induction circuit with the symmetrical matching circuit structure, so that the accuracy of the detection performance is guaranteed; the detection circuit detects the groove in the signal waveform obtained from the induction circuit to obtain a detection signal as a polyphonic signal; the resonant circuit is driven by the active transistor device to excite, amplify and transmit a weak crystal oscillator complex modulation signal to a free space for wireless transmission. The variable capacitance diode is used as the detection capacitor of the detection circuit on one hand and as the voltage-controlled variable capacitor in the oscillation circuit on the other hand, so that the cost and the equipment space are saved, the problem that the field detection cannot be carried out in a polluted area for a long time is solved, the personal safety of workers is guaranteed, the working efficiency is improved, and the accidents are prevented and reduced.)

1. The utility model provides a constructed wetland micro-pollution water quality detection sensor based on thing networking which characterized in that, the sensor includes:

the induction circuit is used for acquiring induction signals through the LC induction resonance circuit;

the detection circuit is used for rectifying and detecting the induction signal acquired from the induction circuit to acquire a polyphonic signal; the detection circuit comprises four transistors and a variable capacitance diode, wherein:

the grid and the drain of a first transistor (Q1) are respectively and electrically connected with two ends of the induction circuit LC circuit, the grid and the drain of a second transistor (Q2) are respectively and electrically connected with two ends of the induction circuit LC circuit, and the source of the first transistor (Q1) and the source of the second transistor (Q2) are simultaneously grounded;

the grid and the drain of a third transistor (Q3) are simultaneously connected to the drain of the first transistor (Q1), the grid and the drain of a third transistor (Q3) are simultaneously connected to the drain of the second transistor (Q2), and the source of the third transistor (Q3) and the source of the fourth transistor (Q4) are simultaneously connected to the cathode of a first varactor diode (D1);

the oscillating circuit is used for modulating the complex modulation signal into an excitation signal;

and the transmitting circuit is used for amplifying and transmitting the excitation signal to a free space for transmission.

2. The sensor of claim 1, wherein the sensing circuit comprises a first inductance (L1) and a first capacitance (C1), the first inductance (L1) and the first capacitance (C1) being electrically connected in parallel.

3. A sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that the oscillator circuit comprises a first crystal (X1) and a second inductor (L2) which together with the first varactor (D1) form a voltage controlled oscillator;

the first varactor (D1), the second inductor (L2) and the first crystal oscillator (X1) in the forward direction sequentially form a closed loop electrical connection.

4. The sensor of claim 1, wherein the transmitting circuit comprises a second capacitor (C2), a third capacitor (C3), a third inductor (L3), and a fifth transistor (Q5);

the second capacitor (C2) is connected in parallel with the third inductor (L3) and then connected in series with the second capacitor (C2) to form a capacitive reactance resonant loop, and the capacitive reactance resonant loop is connected between the collector and the emitter of the fifth transistor (Q5) in a bridging mode;

and the base electrode and the emitter electrode of the fifth transistor (Q5) are respectively connected in parallel with two ends of the first crystal oscillator (X1) of the oscillating circuit.

5. The sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the transistor is one or more of a field effect transistor and a bipolar transistor.

6. The sensor according to claim 5, wherein the first transistor (Q1), the second transistor (Q2), the third transistor (Q3) and the fourth transistor (Q4) are all NMOS transistors, and the fifth transistor (Q5) is a bipolar transistor.

7. The driving circuit according to any one of claims 1 or 6, wherein the first transistor (Q1) and the second transistor (Q2) of the detector circuit are two NMOS transistors with symmetrical structure and equal area, and the third transistor (Q3) and the fourth transistor (Q4) are two NMOS transistors with symmetrical structure and equal area.

8. The constructed wetland micro-polluted water detection device based on the Internet of things is characterized by comprising the constructed wetland micro-polluted water detection sensor based on the Internet of things according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of environmental detection, in particular to a constructed wetland micro-polluted water quality detection sensor and a detection device based on the Internet of things.

Background

The sensor is a device and an element for converting various physical quantities, chemical quantities and biomass in nature into measurable electric signals, and the numerous and various impurities of the sensor can be seen. The definition of a sensor determines its own complexity and variety. The Internet of things is an important component of a new generation of information technology and is also an important development stage of the 'informatization' era. Its english name is "Internet of things (IoT)". As the name suggests, the Internet of things is a huge network which connects any article with the Internet according to an agreed protocol through information sensing equipment such as Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), an infrared sensor, a global positioning system and a laser scanner, so as to realize intelligent identification, positioning, tracking, monitoring and management.

Sensors of the internet of things have long penetrated extremely broad fields such as industrial production, smart homes, universe development, marine exploration, environmental protection, resource investigation, medical diagnosis, bioengineering, and even cultural relic protection. It can be said that from vast amounts of space, to vast amounts of ocean, to complex engineering systems, almost every modernization project, is not open to a wide variety of sensors. In basic subject research, the internet of things sensor has a prominent position, for example, a vast universe with thousands of photoperiods to be observed macroscopically, a particle world with a size as small as cm to be observed microscopically, and a celestial evolution with a length as long as tens of thousands of years to be observed longitudinally, and a transient response as short as s. In addition, various extreme technical researches, such as ultra-high temperature, ultra-low temperature, ultra-high pressure, ultra-high vacuum, ultra-high magnetic field, ultra-weak magnetic dang and the like, which have important effects on deepening material understanding, developing new energy, new materials and the like, also appear. Clearly, it is not possible to obtain a large amount of information that is not directly accessible to the human senses without an adaptive sensor. Many obstacles to basic scientific research are firstly that the acquisition of object information is difficult, and the emergence of some new mechanisms and high-sensitivity detection sensors often lead to breakthrough in the field. The development of some sensors is often the precursor of some marginal disciplines.

The sensor of the internet of things belongs to the nerve ending of the internet of things and becomes the most core element for human to comprehensively sense nature, and the large-scale deployment and application of various sensors are indispensable basic conditions for forming the internet of things. Different sensors are provided corresponding to different applications, and the coverage range of the sensors is wide in multiple fields of environmental protection, intelligent transportation, government work, public safety, safe home, intelligent fire fighting, industrial monitoring, old people care, personal health and the like.

With the continuous development of society and the continuous improvement of living standard, the sanitary requirement of people on drinking water is higher and higher. At present, the sanitary standard of domestic drinking water (GB5749-2006) in China changes the arsenic content of 0.05mg/L to 0.0 lmg/L. Despite the increasing standards, China is still one of the most serious countries in the world with arsenic contamination occurring in groups and with events of arsenic contamination. How to repair arsenic polluted water or soil has become a difficult problem in China.

The method for detecting the arsenic concentration by using the chemiluminescence method is a novel detection method for generating a chemiluminescence signal by using arsenic, has high sensitivity and high selectivity, but still stays in a laboratory stage, but in recent years, the arsenic pollution events are frequent, but the field detection in a polluted area cannot be carried out for a long time. Therefore, an artificial wetland micro-polluted water quality detection sensor and detection device based on the internet of things are urgently needed, and the prior art can be effectively improved to overcome the defects.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a sensor and a detection device for detecting micro-polluted water of an artificial wetland based on the Internet of things, which solve the problems that the prior art can not carry out on-site detection in a polluted area for a long time, ensure the personal safety of workers, improve the working efficiency and prevent and reduce accidents, and the specific scheme is as follows:

in a first aspect, the invention provides an artificial wetland micro-polluted water quality detection sensor based on the internet of things, and a collector comprises:

the induction circuit is used for acquiring induction signals through the LC induction resonance circuit;

the detection circuit is used for rectifying and detecting the induction signal acquired from the induction circuit to acquire a polyphonic signal; the detection circuit comprises four transistors and a variable capacitance diode, wherein:

the grid and the drain of a first transistor (Q1) are respectively and electrically connected with two ends of the induction circuit LC circuit, the grid and the drain of a second transistor (Q2) are respectively and electrically connected with two ends of the induction circuit LC circuit, and the source of the first transistor (Q1) and the source of the second transistor (Q2) are simultaneously grounded;

the grid and the drain of a third transistor (Q3) are simultaneously connected to the drain of the first transistor (Q1), the grid and the drain of a third transistor (Q3) are simultaneously connected to the drain of the second transistor (Q2), and the source of the third transistor (Q3) and the source of the fourth transistor (Q4) are simultaneously connected to the cathode of a first varactor diode (D1);

the oscillating circuit is used for modulating the complex modulation signal into an excitation signal;

and the transmitting circuit is used for amplifying and transmitting the excitation signal to a free space for transmission.

Preferably, the sensing circuit comprises a first inductor (L1) and a first capacitor (C1), the first inductor (L1) and the first capacitor (C1) being electrically connected in parallel.

Preferably, the oscillator circuit comprises a first crystal oscillator (X1) and a second inductor (L2) which together with the first varactor (D1) form a voltage controlled oscillator;

the first varactor (D1), the second inductor (L2) and the first crystal oscillator (X1) in the forward direction sequentially form a closed loop electrical connection.

Preferably, the transmitting circuit comprises a second capacitor (C2), a third capacitor (C3), a third inductor (L3) and a fifth transistor (Q5);

the second capacitor (C2) is connected in parallel with the third inductor (L3) and then connected in series with the second capacitor (C2) to form a capacitive reactance resonant loop, and the capacitive reactance resonant loop is connected between the collector and the emitter of the fifth transistor (Q5) in a bridging mode;

and the base electrode and the emitter electrode of the fifth transistor (Q5) are respectively connected in parallel with two ends of the first crystal oscillator (X1) of the oscillating circuit.

Preferably, the transistor adopts one or more of a field effect transistor and a bipolar transistor.

Preferably, the first transistor (Q1), the second transistor (Q2), the third transistor (Q3) and the fourth transistor (Q4) are all NMOS transistors, and the fifth transistor (Q5) is a bipolar transistor.

Preferably, the first transistor (Q1) and the second transistor (Q2) of the detector circuit are two NMOS transistors with symmetrical structures and equal areas, and the third transistor (Q3) and the fourth transistor (Q4) are two NMOS transistors with symmetrical structures and equal areas.

In a second aspect, the invention provides an artificial wetland micro-polluted water quality detection device based on the internet of things, and the detection device comprises the artificial wetland micro-polluted water quality detection sensor based on the internet of things in the first aspect.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the constructed wetland micro-polluted water quality detection sensor and the detection device based on the Internet of things, the signal waveform of the constructed wetland micro-polluted water quality is induced by adopting the induction circuit with the symmetrical matching circuit structure, so that the accuracy of the detection performance is guaranteed; then the detection circuit detects the groove in the signal waveform obtained from the induction circuit to obtain a detection signal as a polyphonic signal; a resonant circuit consisting of a capacitor and an inductor is driven by an active transistor device to excite, amplify and transmit a weak crystal oscillation complex modulation signal to a free space for wireless transmission. Furthermore, the varactor diode in this embodiment is used as a detection capacitor of the detection circuit on one hand and as a voltage-controlled variable capacitor in the oscillation circuit on the other hand, so that the cost and the equipment space are saved; and the crystal oscillator voltage is controlled and modulated, so that the accuracy of frequency is greatly improved. The measures solve the problem that the field detection in a polluted area can not be carried out for a long time in the prior art, ensure the personal safety of workers, improve the working efficiency and prevent and reduce accidents.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, the embodiments in the drawings do not constitute any limitation to the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the constructed wetland micro-polluted water quality detection sensor based on the internet of things.

Fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of an embodiment of the constructed wetland micro-polluted water quality detection sensor based on the internet of things.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, which are preferred embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely a subset of the embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments; it should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships conventionally laid out when products of the present invention are used, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred devices or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical" and the like do not imply that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or pendant, but rather may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.

In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

Example one

An embodiment of the invention provides an artificial wetland micro-polluted water quality detection sensor based on the internet of things, and as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the collector specifically comprises the following modules: the induction circuit, the detection circuit, the oscillation circuit and the transmitting circuit are electrically connected in sequence; the general working idea of the sensor is as follows: the sensor needs to sense the signal waveform of the micro-polluted water quality of the artificial wetland, and then the detection circuit detects the groove in the signal waveform to obtain a detection signal.

The specific circuit of the sensing circuit of the embodiment includes a first inductor (L1) and a first capacitor (C1), and the first inductor (L1) and the first capacitor (C1) are electrically connected in parallel. The sensing circuit in this embodiment is used to obtain a sensing signal through the LC inductive resonant circuit. Specifically, the sensor of the embodiment needs to sense the signal waveform of the micro-polluted water of the artificial wetland through the sensing circuit, and then the detection circuit detects the groove in the signal waveform obtained from the sensing circuit to obtain a detection signal as a polyphonic signal. The detection circuit comprises four transistors and a varactor diode, the specific circuit connection relationship is that the grid and the drain of a first transistor (Q1) are respectively and electrically connected with two ends of an induction circuit LC circuit, the grid and the drain of a second transistor (Q2) are respectively and electrically connected with two ends of the induction circuit LC circuit, and the source of the first transistor (Q1) and the source of the second transistor (Q2) are simultaneously grounded; the gate and the drain of the third transistor (Q3) are simultaneously connected to the drain of the first transistor (Q1), the gate and the drain of the third transistor (Q3) are simultaneously connected to the drain of the second transistor (Q2), and the source of the third transistor (Q3) and the source of the fourth transistor (Q4) are simultaneously connected to the cathode of the first varactor (D1).

It should be noted that the first transistor (Q1) and the second transistor (Q2) of the detection circuit in this embodiment are two NMOS transistors with symmetrical structures and equal areas, and the third transistor (Q3) and the fourth transistor (Q4) are two NMOS transistors with symmetrical structures and equal areas. Thus, the accuracy of the detection performance can be guaranteed due to the adoption of the symmetrical matching circuit structure.

The oscillating circuit in this embodiment is used for remodulating the remodulated signal into an excitation signal; the oscillating circuit comprises a first crystal oscillator (X1) and a second inductor (L2) which form a voltage-controlled oscillator together with a first variable capacitance diode (D1); the first positive varactor (D1) and the second inductor (L2) form a closed loop electric connection with the first crystal oscillator (X1) in sequence.

It should be noted that the varactor diode (D1) in this embodiment is used as the detection capacitor of the detection circuit, and as the voltage-controlled variable capacitor of the oscillator circuit, and is controlled by the common source output signal of the third transistor (Q3) and the fourth transistor (Q4) for re-modulation.

The transmitting circuit in this embodiment may specifically include a second capacitor (C2), a third capacitor (C3), a third inductor (L3), and a fifth transistor (Q5); the second capacitor (C2) is connected in parallel with the third inductor (L3) and then is connected in series with the second capacitor (C2) to form a capacitive reactance resonant circuit, and the capacitive reactance resonant circuit is connected between the collector and the emitter of the fifth transistor (Q5) in a bridging mode; the base electrode and the emitter electrode of the fifth transistor (Q5) are respectively connected in parallel with two ends of the first crystal oscillator (X1) of the oscillating circuit. In this way, the resonant circuit composed of the second capacitor (C2), the third capacitor (C3) and the third inductor (L3) excites, amplifies and emits a weak crystal complex modulation signal to the free space for wireless transmission under the driving of the active device of the fifth transistor (Q5).

Note that the transistor in this embodiment may be one or more of a field effect transistor and a bipolar transistor. Preferably, the first transistor (Q1), the second transistor (Q2), the third transistor (Q3), and the fourth transistor (Q4) in this embodiment are all NMOS transistors, and the fifth transistor (Q5) is a bipolar transistor. Note that the transistor in this embodiment may have a structure in which the gate and the source of the depletion N-channel MOS transistor are connected, but it is needless to say that the transistor may have a structure in which the gate and the source of the depletion P-channel MOS transistor are connected, although not illustrated.

In conclusion, the constructed wetland micro-polluted water quality detection sensor based on the Internet of things has the advantages that the signal waveform of the constructed wetland micro-polluted water quality is induced by the induction circuit with the symmetrical matching circuit structure, so that the accuracy of the detection performance is guaranteed; then the detection circuit detects the groove in the signal waveform obtained from the induction circuit to obtain a detection signal as a polyphonic signal; a resonant circuit consisting of a capacitor and an inductor is driven by an active transistor device to excite, amplify and transmit a weak crystal oscillation complex modulation signal to a free space for wireless transmission. Furthermore, the varactor diode in this embodiment is used as a detection capacitor of the detection circuit on one hand and as a voltage-controlled variable capacitor in the oscillation circuit on the other hand, so that the cost and the equipment space are saved; and the crystal oscillator voltage is controlled and modulated, so that the accuracy of frequency is greatly improved. The measures solve the problem that the field detection in a polluted area can not be carried out for a long time in the prior art, ensure the personal safety of workers, improve the working efficiency and prevent and reduce accidents.

Example two

The embodiment of the invention provides an artificial wetland micro-polluted water quality detection device based on the Internet of things, which comprises the artificial wetland micro-polluted water quality detection sensor based on the Internet of things.

It should be noted that all the directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiment of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the movement situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly. In addition, the descriptions related to "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. Moreover, the technical solutions in the embodiments may be combined with each other, but it must be based on the realization of those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should also be noted that in the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.