阅读说明：本技术 用于涡轮机的热交换器 (Heat exchanger for a turbomachine ) 是由 赫弗·伊尤盖内·布柳姆 兰塞洛特·古伊劳 于 2019-07-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及用于涡轮机的环形热交换器(12a),其具有纵向轴线(14),并且设计成旨在例如由所述涡轮机的壳体的环形外壳(16)支撑,热交换器包括整体式环形部件(48),整体式环形部件包括：第一流体回路(37)和第二流体回路(42),所述第一流体回路包括环形延伸的至少一个第一导管(38)和至少一个第二导管(40),所述第二流体回路包括至少一个第一导管(44)和至少一个第二导管(46),至少一个第一导管和至少一个第二导管环形延伸并且沿垂直于纵向方向(14)的方向布置在第一回路(37)的第一导管(38)和第二导管(40)的任一侧上。(The invention relates to an annular heat exchanger (12a) for a turbomachine, having a longitudinal axis (14) and designed to be supported, for example, by an annular casing (16) of a casing of said turbomachine, the heat exchanger comprising a monolithic annular component (48) comprising: a first fluid circuit (37) comprising at least one first conduit (38) and at least one second conduit (40) extending annularly, and a second fluid circuit (42) comprising at least one first conduit (44) and at least one second conduit (46) extending annularly and arranged on either side of the first conduit (38) and the second conduit (40) of the first circuit (37) in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (14).)

1. Annular heat exchanger (12a) for a turbomachine, having a longitudinal axis (14), intended for example to be supported by an annular casing (16) of a casing of said turbomachine, the heat exchanger comprising a monolithic annular component (48) comprising: a first fluid circuit (37) comprising at least one first conduit (38) and at least one second conduit (40) extending annularly, and a second fluid circuit (42) comprising at least one first conduit (44) and at least one second conduit (46), the at least one first conduit (44) and the at least one second conduit (46) extending annularly and being arranged on either side of the first conduit (38) and the second conduit (40) of the first circuit (37) in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (14), characterized in that the first conduit (38) and the second conduit (40) of the first circuit (37) and the first conduit (44) and the second conduit (46) of the second circuit (42) open into a cavity (50) at a first end (13) of the annular member (48), the cavity being open in the circumferential direction and into which a first seal (52) is inserted, the first seal is shaped to:

-delimiting by the annular member (48) at least one first passage (55) for fluidly connecting the first conduit (38) of the first circuit (37) with the second conduit (40) of the first circuit (37), and

-delimiting by the annular member (48) at least one second passage (56, 58) for fluidly connecting the first conduit (44) of the second circuit (42) with the second conduit (46) of the second circuit (42), the second connection passage (56, 58) being fluidly independent of the first connection passage (55).

2. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the first seal (52) comprises an external groove (62), the gasket (64) being engaged in the external groove (62).

3. A heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first seal (52) comprises a wall (52c) extending in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, the wall (52c) delimiting two substantially parallel second connection channels (56, 58) by the annular member (48).

4. An exchanger according to claim 3, wherein one of the two second channels (56, 58) is arranged radially outside the other of the two second channels and is separated from each other in a flow by a wall (52c) of the first seal (52).

5. The exchanger according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first component (52) is locked in the cavity (50) by means of plates (70) applied at the circumferential ends of the annular component (48).

6. The exchanger according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first and second conduits of the second circuit (42) are closed at the ends by a second member (66) and are circumferentially open at the first end of the annular member (48).

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a heat exchanger, and more particularly to cooling of oil in an aircraft engine.

Background

FIG. 1 shows a turbine 10 with dual flow, which includes moving parts that rub against other moving or stationary parts, such as bearings. In order to avoid breakage due to heating caused by friction, the components are painted with oil, which on the one hand allows to limit (or contain) the heating of the components and on the other hand to lubricate them in order to promote the sliding of the components on top of each other.

The oil circulates in a circuit provided with a heat exchanger, in particular an oil/air exchanger 12 as shown in figure 2, having a matrix in the form of a bent tube for heat exchange, wherein the oil coming from the component is introduced before being re-injected onto the component, and subsequently cooled. The heat exchanger 12 shown in fig. 2 is an annular heat exchanger 12 mounted on a radially inner or outer surface (relative to the longitudinal axis 14 of the turbine) of an annular sleeve 16 which is delimited radially outwardly or inside an annular vein for the flow of a secondary air stream.

Fig. 3 schematically shows the principle of circulation of the fluid to be cooled (or rather the oil) in the heat exchanger 12 as shown in fig. 2. The heat exchanger 12 includes an annular member 18 comprising: a first circuit 20 formed by a first conduit 22 and a second conduit 24 to circulate the oil to be cooled, and a second circuit 26 formed by a first conduit 28 and a second conduit 30 to circulate the oil for defrosting the first conduit 22 and the second conduit 24 of the first circuit 20. The exchanger 12 is an annular exchanger extending about the axis 14 of the turbine. The longitudinal dimension of the exchanger 12 in the direction L and the circumferential dimension of the exchanger 12 in the direction C are shown in fig. 3.

As can be seen, the first conduit 22 of the first circuit 20 includes a first portion 22a extending between the fluid inlet 32 and the first fluid connection 34a, and a second portion 22b extending between the second fluid connection 34b and the fluid outlet 36. The second conduit 24 of the first circuit 20 extends between a first fluid connection 34a and a second fluid connection 34 b. In this manner, oil flows from the fluid inlet 32 into the first portion 22a of the first conduit 22, into the first fluid connection 34a, into the second conduit 24 of the first circuit 20, into the second component 34b for fluid connection, into the second portion 22b of the first conduit 22, and then to the oil outlet 36.

The first conduit 28 of the second circuit 26 comprises: a first portion 28a extending between the fluid inlet 32 and a first member 34a for fluid connection; and a second portion 28b extending between the fluidly connected second component 34b and the fluid outlet 36.

The second conduit 30 of the second circuit 26 extends between a first fluid connection 34a and a second fluid connection 34 b. In this manner, oil flows from the fluid inlet 32 into the first portion 28a of the first conduit 28, into the first fluid connection 34a, into the second conduit 30, into the second fluid connection 34b, into the second portion 28b of the first conduit 28 of the second circuit 26, and then to the oil outlet 36. The oil of the second circuit 26 thus formed may be able to defrost the first circuit 20 if necessary.

It can be seen that the connections 34a, 34b thus serve to form a fluid connection between the first and second conduits 22, 28, 24, 30 of the first and second circuits 20, 26. However, these components are complex to implement, as they must contain oil recirculation channels. In addition, due to the structural independence of these connections 34a, 34b, it is necessary to fix them to the annular component by welding or brazing, which requires particular precautions, since welding or brazing inevitably (even partially) blocks the flow of oil in the first circuit 20 or in the second circuit 26. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a long and expensive quality control operation. Furthermore, the fixation of these connectors 34a, 34b makes them non-removable, so that it is not possible to simply inspect the first and second circuits 20, 26. Finally, considering the position of the heat exchanger 12 of the annular air flow path, it is necessary to limit its radial dimension so as not to require modification of the diameter of the casing, which necessarily affects the other components fixed to the heat exchanger.

The object of the proposed invention is to provide a simple and effective solution, especially against the aforementioned problems of the prior art.

Disclosure of Invention

An annular heat exchanger for a turbomachine is proposed, having a longitudinal axis, intended for example to be supported by an annular casing of a casing of the turbomachine, said annular heat exchanger comprising a monolithic annular component comprising: -a first fluid circuit comprising at least one first conduit and at least one second conduit extending annularly, -a second fluid circuit comprising at least one first conduit and at least one second conduit extending annularly and arranged on either side of the first conduit and the second conduit of the first circuit in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, characterized in that the first and second conduits of the first circuit and the first and second conduits of the second circuit open into a cavity at a first end of the annular part, the cavity being open in the circumferential direction and a first seal being inserted into the cavity, the first seal being shaped to:

-at least one first fluid connection channel of a first conduit of the first circuit with a second conduit of the first circuit is delimited by an annular member, and

at least one second fluid connection channel of the first conduit of the second circuit with the second conduit of the second circuit is delimited by an annular member, the second connection channel being fluidly independent of the first connection channel.

According to the invention, since the first and second circuits are formed in the annular member, the fluid connection at one end of the exchanger is formed directly inside the annular member. In contrast to the prior art, no welded or brazed connection parts are required. In addition, the configuration of the first seal, which allows for fluid continuity within the first and second circuits, simplifies assembly operations, as only one component is required at this time. This assembly is also very compact.

According to another possible feature, the first seal has an external groove in which the seal engages.

In addition, the first seal may comprise a wall extending in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, the wall delimiting two substantially parallel second connection channels by the annular member.

In addition, one of the two second channels may be arranged radially outside the other of the two second channels and be fluidly separated from each other by a wall of the first seal.

Also, the first component may be locked in the cavity by a plate applied at a circumferential end of the annular component. This plate can be integrated with the annular member, for example by screwing.

Finally, the first and second conduits of the second circuit may be closed at the ends by the second element and circumferentially open at the first end of the annular member. The position of these second elements may be maintained by the plate.

The invention will be better understood and other details, characteristics and advantages thereof will appear, when the following description, given by way of non-limiting example, is read with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of a turbomachine according to the known art;

FIG. 2 is a partially schematic perspective view of an annular heat exchanger installed in the turbomachine of FIG. 1;

figure 3 is a schematic illustration of the exchanger of figure 2 and the flow of oil therein;

figure 4 is a schematic perspective view of a first end of a heat exchanger according to the invention;

figures 5A and 5B are schematic perspective views of the seal mounted on the end of the heat exchanger;

figure 6 is a schematic perspective view of a first end of the exchanger with another sealing plate mounted on the end;

figure 7 is a schematic view of a first end of a heat exchanger according to the invention in a cross-sectional plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, as indicated by arrow a in the drawing;

figure 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the first end of the heat exchanger, showing the oil circulation.

Detailed Description

Reference is now made to figures 4 to 8 which illustrate a heat exchanger according to the present invention. Similar to what has been described with reference to fig. 3, the exchanger 12a also comprises a first fluid circuit 37 of oil comprising a plurality of first 38 and second 40 conduits substantially parallel to each other, the first conduit 38 comprising a first and a second portion 38 a. The exchanger 12a also comprises a second defrosting fluid circuit 42 comprising a first conduit 44 and a second conduit 46 in parallel, the first conduit 44 comprising a first portion 44a and a second portion.

The first and second conduits 38, 44, 40, 42 of the first and second circuits 37, 42 are very similar to what has been described previously with reference to fig. 3, and differ only in that the first and second conduits are fluidly connected to each other at the circumferential ends of the heat exchanger. Also, what will be described with reference to the first circumferential end 13 of the heat exchanger 12a is also valid for the second opposite circumferential end. Therefore, the description will be made only with respect to the first circumferential end 13 of the exchanger 12a using the second portion of the first conduit 38 of the first circuit 37 and the second conduit 40 of the first circuit 37 and using the second portion of the first conduit 38 and the second conduit 46 of the second circuit 42.

Thus, the present invention proposes to provide a fluid connection of the first conduit 38 of the first circuit 37 to the second conduit 40 and of the first conduit 44 of the second circuit 42 to the second conduit 46, without having to use a ring-shaped component 48 of the heat exchanger structurally independent of the connection of the components.

To realize the heat exchanger, first a preform of the annular part 48 of the exchanger 12a is obtained, made of a material with a good thermal conductor, for example an aluminium alloy. For this purpose, a mold is used to obtain simultaneously the first and second conduits 38, 40 of the first circuit 37 and the first and second conduits 44, 46 of the second circuit 42. At the end of this phase, the first and second conduits 38, 44, 40, 46 of the first and second circuits 37, 42 extend from the first end 13 to the second end of the annular member 48 and are open at the ends in the circumferential direction. In a further step, a cavity is formed in the radial thickness of the annular part 48, the cavity being delimited by a dashed line in fig. 8 and being referenced 50. The second portion 38a of the first conduit 38 and the second conduit 40 of the first circuit 37 open into this cavity. Also, since the first portion 44a of the first duct 44 of the second circuit 42 and the second duct 46 of the second circuit 42 are circumferentially open only at the level of the circumferential end surface of the annular member 48, lateral holes 54 are made, allowing the first portion 44a of the first duct 44 of the second circuit 42 and the second duct 46 of the second circuit 42 to communicate with the aforesaid cavity 50.

In order to achieve an independent oil circulation between first circuit 37 and second circuit 42 at first end 13, a first sealing element 52 shaped in a special way is added, namely:

at least one first fluid connection channel 55 of the first conduit 38 of the first circuit 37 with the second conduit 40 of the first circuit 37 is delimited by an annular element 48, and

at least one second fluid connection channel 56, 58 of the first conduit 44 of the second circuit 42 and of the second conduit 46 of the second circuit 42 is delimited by the annular member 48, the second connection channel 56, 58 being fluidly independent of the first connection channel 55.

In order to understand how the first seal 52 partially delimits the first connection channel 55 and the second connection channels 56, 58, it will now be described. Specifically, this first seal shown in fig. 5A has an elongated shape in the longitudinal direction. In the circumferential direction, the first seal comprises a first portion 52a and a second portion 52b, which are substantially identical to each other and symmetrical to each other with respect to a median plane, which is located in the turbine in a radial plane. The first portion 52a and the second portion 52b are connected to each other by a substantially flat connecting wall 52c extending in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. The first and second portions 52a, 52b each include an annular groove 62 in which an annular seal 64 is mounted (fig. 5A and 7).

The first seal 52 is installed as a seal in the cavity 50 of the annular component with the annular seal 64 installed in the groove 62. The end surface of the first section 52a of the first element 52 facing the outlet of the first section 38a of the first conduit 38 and the outlet of the second conduit 40 and at a distance from the outlets forms an oil flow surface in the first connecting channel 55. Also, the first seal 52 is sized and the bore 54 is positioned on the annular member 48 such that the bore 54 of the second portion 44a of the first conduit 44 and the bore 54 of the second conduit 46 open into the second connecting passages 56, 58. In particular, it can be seen that each bore 54 is fluidly connected to two substantially parallel second connecting channels 56, 58, wherein the connecting wall 52c of the first seal 52 radially separates the two second connecting channels 56, 58. It can also be seen that seal 64 provides a fluid seal between first and second circuits 37, 42.

A second sealing element 66 is inserted at the first end 13, in the outlet of the second portion 44a of the first duct 44 of the second circuit 42 and in the outlet of the second duct 46 of the second circuit 42. Each of the second seal members 66 includes an annular groove 68 in which the seal 68 is mounted in a manner similar to that described with reference to the first member 52, with the same function.

In order to maintain the position of the first seal element 52 and the second seal element 66 regardless of the oil pressure, a plate 70 is applied to these elements at the circumferential end surfaces. This plate is screwed into the annular section by screws 72.