阅读说明：本技术 一种用于防治杂交水稻制种田稻粒黑粉病的杀菌组合物及应用 (Bactericidal composition for preventing and treating rice grain smut in hybrid rice seed production field and application thereof ) 是由 胡伟民 刘家丰 剧佳华 关亚静 胡晋 丁焓赟 宋博文 宋文坚 于 2021-06-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种用于防治杂交水稻制种田稻粒黑粉病的杀菌组合物,该杀菌组合物以水为溶剂,含有代森锰锌100～5000mg·L～(-1),大蒜素5～100mg·L～(-1)。本发明提供的防治杂交水稻制种田稻粒黑粉病的杀菌组合物含有保护性杀菌剂代森锰锌和生物提取物大蒜素,在有效防治稻粒黑粉病的同时,可有效地避免种子千粒重和发芽率的下降,保障收获后的种子品质。(The invention discloses a sterilization composition for preventing and treating the smut of hybrid rice seed production field rice grains, which takes water as a solvent and contains 100-5000 mg.L mancozeb ‑1 5-100 mg.L of allicin ‑1 . The bactericidal composition for preventing and treating the rice smut of the hybrid rice seed production field contains the protective bactericide mancozeb and the biological extract allicin, can effectively prevent and treat the rice smut, can effectively avoid the reduction of thousand seed weight and germination rate of seeds, and ensures the quality of the harvested seeds.)

1. Sterilization group for preventing and treating rice grain smut in hybrid rice seed production fieldThe compound is characterized by taking water as a solvent and containing 100-5000 mg.L of mancozeb^-15-100 mg.L of allicin^-1。

2. The bactericidal composition for preventing and treating the smut of hybrid rice seed production field rice seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bactericidal composition contains 500-1500 mg-L mancozeb^-1Allicin 10-50 mg.L^-1。

3. The bactericidal composition for controlling smut of hybrid rice planting fields according to claim 1, wherein the bactericidal composition comprises mancozeb 747 mg-L^-1Allicin 23 mg. L^-1。

4. The preparation method of the bactericidal composition for controlling the smut of rice grains in hybrid rice seed production fields according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising: the mancozeb and the allicin are directly dissolved in water and evenly stirred to obtain the bactericidal composition for preventing and treating the rice grain smut in the hybrid rice seed production field.

5. A method for preventing and controlling the rice grain smut of a hybrid rice seed production field is characterized by comprising the following steps:

in the hybrid rice seed production process, the bactericidal composition as defined in any one of claims 1 to 3 is applied to the female parent twice, wherein the application interval of the two times is 5-7 days;

the pesticide is applied for the first time, and is uniformly sprayed on the ear layer of the female parent plant 3-5 days before the female parent shoots; the second pesticide application is that the pesticide is evenly sprayed on the ear layer of the female parent plant at the ear emergence initial stage of the female parent ear emergence rate of 5-10%.

6. The method for preventing and treating the smut of rice grains in the hybrid rice seed production field according to claim 5, wherein the spraying amount of the bactericidal composition is 25 to 40L/mu-times.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of bactericide preparation, in particular to a bactericidal composition for preventing and treating rice grain smut in hybrid rice seed production fields and application thereof.

Background

Rice grain Smut (Rice Kernel Smut, RKS) is caused by soil-borne fungus, namely, basidiomycetes, Tilletia horrida, is the most destructive disease of male sterile lines in hybrid Rice production areas in the world, and is suitable for germination of Rice grain Smut pathogenic bacteria in rainy days with high temperature and high humidity. The infection sites and infection periods of the pathogenic bacteria of the Rice Smut disease are concentrated, mainly occur in the heading and flowering period of the sterile line in the Rice seed production field, and the invasion from the stigma of the sterile line further causes the disease, so the sterile line with dispersed flowering period, large glume angle and high stigma exposure rate is more beneficial to the infection of the pathogenic bacteria, and the disease is serious (left jordan. Rice research and discussion collection [ M ] combined fertilizer: published 1990. university of Chinese science and technology), the infection in the flowering period affects the yield and quality of hybrid seeds by producing a large amount of black powdery winter spores, the annual prevalence rate reaches 40% to 60%, and the yield loss of the Rice seed production field can reach 5% to 20% (Na Wang et al draft Sequence of the Rice grain Kelletia hirta, ain-1 [ J ]. Genome accidents, QB-1[ J ] (3) of 21-00615, Strause, Straus-1, Strauseans, Straus, and the Rice seed production field can be applied to the Rice seed production field with the growth of the seed production of the Rice, pose an increasing threat to rice planting in asia, oceania, europe, america and africa (Carris, l.m., et al. nonosystemic shoot fungi-Tilletia indica and t.horrida: a review of history, systems, and biology. annu Rev phytopathohol, 2006,44, 113. 133.).

Although rice smut causes a worldwide loss of hybrid rice seed yield, chemical fungicides have been relied upon to control rice smut (Mikio Tsuda et al, optical application timing of single grain crops for control of rice smut and dust smut [ J ] Journal of General Plant Pathology 2006,72(5): 301-304.). However, long-term use of a single chemical agent is easy to cause drug resistance of germs, and researches show that: the compound bactericide has obvious synergistic effect on prevention and control of diseases (Liushengming, etc. 4 bactericides and compound agents thereof have toxicity to botrytis cinerea [ J ] plant protection, 2017,43(2): 230-234.). Kekuijing (20% carbendazim and triadimenol) widely used in the last ninety years (a special new Kekuijing for preventing the rice smut of hybrid rice seeds in China introduces [ J ]. hybrid rice, 1996(S1):1-2.) and Aimiao (30% difenoconazole and propiconazole) which is widely used at present (Tangzuhui. application research of Aimiao in preventing and treating sheath blight and rice smut in hybrid rice seed production [ J ]. hybrid rice, 2016,31(01):31-32.) are both compound type rice smut prevention and treatment agents.

Patent document No. CN105123349A discloses a method for preventing and treating rice smut. The control method comprises the following steps: 1) ecological management: the fertile Yiduo or Di Fu microbial fertilizer is applied, the physical and chemical properties of the soil are improved, the soil fertility is improved, and the absorption capacity of the rice root system is enhanced; 2) agricultural prevention and control; 3) biological control; 4) biological control; 5) physical prevention and control; 6) chemical control: spraying with 100g of cream A, manganese and zinc per mu, 4 barrels of water, and 15kg of water per barrel; or 750g of 25 percent triazolone wettable powder is applied for 1 time respectively at the heading stage and the heading stage per hectare.

The pesticide for preventing and treating the rice grain smut in the hybrid rice seed production field stops production, is widely applied to seedlings at present, mainly prevents and treats rice sheath blight, and can also play a certain role in preventing and treating the rice grain smut, but the pesticide has been used for many years, enhances the resistance of the rice grain smut, and has no report on the influence on the quality of seeds after storage. The development of a novel compound medicament for rice smut is in a state of stagnation.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a bactericidal composition for preventing and treating the smut of rice grains in a hybrid rice seed production field and application thereof.

The specific technical scheme is as follows:

the invention provides a sterilization composition for preventing and treating the smut of hybrid rice seed production field rice, which takes water as a solvent and contains 100-5000 mg.L of mancozeb^-15-100 mg.L of allicin^-1。

Further, the sterilization composition contains 500-1500 mg.L of mancozeb^-1And allicin 10-50 mg.L^-1。

Furthermore, the sterilization composition contains 747 mg.L of mancozeb^-1Allicin 23 mg. L^-1。

The invention also provides a preparation method of the bactericidal composition for preventing and treating the rice grain smut of the hybrid rice seed production field, which comprises the following steps: the mancozeb and the allicin are directly dissolved in water and evenly stirred to obtain the bactericidal composition for preventing and treating the rice grain smut in the hybrid rice seed production field.

The invention also provides a method for preventing and controlling the smut of the rice grains in the hybrid rice seed production field, which comprises the following steps:

in the hybrid rice seed production process, the bactericidal composition is applied to the female parent of the rice twice, and the application interval of the two times is 5-7 days;

the pesticide is applied for the first time, and is uniformly sprayed on the ear layer of the female parent plant 3-5 days before the female parent shoots; the second pesticide application is that the pesticide is evenly sprayed on the ear layer of the female parent plant at the initial ear emergence stage (ear emergence 5-10%).

If the spraying amount of the sterilization composition is too large, not only waste is caused, but also the cost is increased; if the spraying amount is too small, the effect of preventing and controlling the smut can not be effectively achieved. Further, the spraying amount of the sterilization composition is 25-40L/mu per time.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the bactericidal composition for preventing and treating the rice smut of the hybrid rice seed production field contains the protective bactericide mancozeb and the biological extract allicin, can effectively prevent and treat the rice smut, can effectively avoid the reduction of thousand seed weight and germination rate of seeds, and ensures the quality of the harvested seeds.

(2) The bactericidal composition for preventing and treating the smut of the rice grains in the hybrid rice seed production field provided by the invention takes water as a matrix, is not added with any organic solvent, is environment-friendly, has a simple production process, is low in medicine dosage and low in cost, and is suitable for popularization.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples, which are only illustrative of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

In the following examples, the hybrid rice seed production combination ' Zhongzhe you No. 8 ' female parent is Zhongzhe A ' and the male parent is ' T-8 ', belongs to indica type three-line hybrid rice, and is jointly bred by the Chinese Rice institute, Zhejiang Don forget agriculture industry stockings Limit company; ' Huazhenju ' 261 ' is female parent ' Huazhenju 2A ', male parent ' 16T ', belongs to indica type three-line hybrid rice, and is jointly bred by China Rice research institute, Zhejiang Don forget agriculture and race industry limited company; the two hybrid combination parental materials are provided by Zhejiang Don't forget agriculture and breeding Co. 'Qian you 0508' has female parent of 'Qianjiang No. 1A' and male parent of 'Zhe Hui 0508', belongs to indica type three-line hybrid rice, is bred by crop and nuclear technology utilization research institute of agricultural academy of Zhejiang province, and the parent and parent materials are provided by Zhejiang agricultural science limited company.

80% of mancozeb WP is purchased from the agricultural science and technology (China) Co., Yinong, Dow; the 5% allicin microemulsion is purchased from Chengdu Xingyang crop science and technology limited company, and the Aimiao (30% difenoconazole-propiconazole) emulsifiable concentrate is purchased from Xiongzhengda (China) investment limited company.

Example 1

1. Test materials: 'Huazhenzuyou 261'; the female parent is Huazhe 2A and the male parent is 16T.

2. Reagent to be tested: 80 percent of mancozeb WP, 5 percent of allicin microemulsion and Aimiao (30 percent of difenoconazole and propiconazole) missible oil.

3. Test method

The test is carried out in hybrid rice seed production field of Don't forget agriculture and breeding limited company in Tuchang county of Zhejiang in 2020, and the seeds are sowed in stages according to the growth period characteristics of the parents. The line ratio of the parents to the parents is 2: 8, and the intervals between the parents and the parents are 25 cm; the male parents are in double rows, the row spacing is 24cm, the plant spacing is 24cm, the ratio of the male parents in the first period to the male parents in the second period in each row is 1: 1, and the male parents are planted in the female parent; the female parent is properly densely planted, the planting density is 15cm (plant spacing) multiplied by 22.5cm (row spacing), and 5 grains of rice seedlings are planted in each root. Gibberellin is sprayed in several times after heading to ensure that the two parents meet in the flowering phase.

Preparing and treating a medicament: weighing 14g of 80% mancozeb WP, weighing 7ml of 5% allicin microemulsion in a measuring cylinder, and dissolving in 15L of water to obtain the bactericide composition (containing the mancozeb 747 mg.L)^-1Allicin 23 mg. L^-1) (ii) a Four controls were set: and comparison one: weighing 80% of mancozeb WP 20g, and dissolving in 15L to serve as a single-dose control (CK-1); comparison two: measuring 10ml of 5% allicin microemulsion, and dissolving in 15L of water as single control (CK-2); comparison three: 5ml of the Aimiao missible oil is measured and dissolved in 15L of water (CK-3), and the contrast four is clear water (CK-4).

The treatment and the control are sprayed according to the dosage of 30L per mu. Each treatment is repeated for 3 times, and by combining the field fertility level and the terrain and adopting a random block design, the length of the single cell in the north-south direction is about 7m, the width of the single cell in the east-west direction is about 2.3m, and the area of the single cell is 16.1m²。

Spraying time and method: the first pesticide application is uniformly sprayed on the ear layer of the female parent plant at the 4 pm 3d before the female parent ear emergence; the second pesticide application is uniformly sprayed on the ear layer of the female parent plant at the initial stage of female parent ear emergence (ear emergence is 5-10%), and the interval between the two pesticide applications is 7 days.

The sampling method comprises the following steps: taking 20 bags of rice ears per cell by adopting a five-point sampling method, packaging the rice ears by using a mesh bag, suspending the rice ears in a mesh room, airing and drying the rice ears in the mesh room, threshing, calculating the seed setting rate, the disease grain rate and the control effect, and measuring the indexes such as thousand grain weight, germination vigor and germination rate.

The measurement of the thousand seed weight, the germination potential and the germination percentage of the seeds is carried out according to the regulations of the crop seed inspection (GB/T3543, 1995). The germination test is performed by germinating on paper, 100 granules in each box, and repeating the germination test three times. The germination conditions are 20 ℃ dark 16h/30 ℃ light 8 h. And (5) recording the number of germinated seeds from the next day of seed placement, calculating the germination potential at the 4 th day, and calculating the germination rate at the 7 th day.

Statistical analysis: analysis of variance was performed using SAS (V9.1) software, and multiple comparisons were performed using the LSD method, with α being 0.05.

4. Results of the experiment

In the embodiment, the disease grain rate of the seeds treated by the bactericidal composition is obviously lower than that of four controls, and compared with that treated by clear water (CK-4), the relative prevention effect of the bactericidal composition reaches 79.36%, which is obviously superior to that treated by two single agents of mancozeb (CK-1) and allicin (CK-2), so that the bactericidal composition has obvious synergistic interaction; meanwhile, the method is also obviously superior to the conventional treatment of the Aimiao (CK-3) in field production. And secondly, the relative control effect is calculated by taking CK-3 treatment as a reference, the relative control effect of the bactericidal composition also reaches 62.28 percent, and the bactericidal composition is obviously superior to two single-agent CK-1 and CK-2 treatments. The test results also show that the bactericidal composition has no obvious influence on the thousand seed weight and the setting rate of hybrid rice seed production seeds (Table 1).

The seeds after cleaning and drying are stored for 3 months and then are subjected to a germination test, and the result shows that the germination potential and the germination rate of the seeds, the root length of seedlings and the seedling height of the seedlings treated by the sterilization composition are not obviously different from those of CK-4, which shows that the sterilization composition has no obvious influence on the vitality and activity of the seeds (Table 2).

TABLE 1 influence of fungicidal compositions on thousand seed weight, setting percentage, disease grain percentage and control effect of hybrid rice' Huazhe you 261

Note: the values in the table are 3 repeat averages and different lower case letters indicate significance of difference between treatments (LSD, α ═ 0.05), as follows.

TABLE 2 influence of fungicidal compositions on the germination index of harvested hybrid rice' Huazheyou 261

Example 2

In example 1, the bactericidal composition is confirmed to be capable of remarkably reducing the rate of the smut of the rice grains in the hybrid rice seed production field, the control effect is remarkably superior to that of CK-3 (Aimiao) which is a commonly used medicament for field production at present, and the germination capacity of the seeds is not influenced.

1. Test materials: 'Zhongzhe you 8'; the female parent is 'Zhongzhe A' and the male parent is 'T-8'.

2. Reagent to be tested: the same as in example 1.

3. Test method

The test was carried out in the hybrid rice seed production field of Wu forget agricultural seed industry, GmbH in Tuchang county, Zhejiang in 2020, and the planting mode, test design, plot area, chemical treatment and control adopted, and spraying amount of the male and female parents were the same as those in example 1.

Spraying time and method: the first pesticide application is uniformly sprayed on the ear layer of the female parent plant at the 4 pm 3d before the female parent ear emergence; the second pesticide application is uniformly sprayed on the ear layer of the female parent plant at the initial stage of female parent ear emergence (ear emergence is 5-10%), and the interval between the two pesticide applications is 6 days.

4. Test results

In the embodiment, each treatment has no obvious influence on the maturing rate and the thousand seed weight of the hybrid rice seed production field; compared with a clear water control CK-4, the incidence rate of the maternal rice smut can be obviously reduced by other treatments, wherein the disease particle rate of the bactericidal composition is the lowest and is 2.72 percent, and the bactericidal composition is obviously superior to the CK-4 control and other treatments. By taking CK-4 as a reference, the bactericidal composition has the best effect of preventing and treating the rice grain smut, the relative prevention effect reaches 71.83 percent, and the bactericidal composition is obviously superior to two single-dose treatments of mancozeb (CK-1) and allicin (CK-2), and further shows that the bactericidal composition has obvious synergistic effect on preventing and treating the rice grain smut in hybrid rice seed production fields; meanwhile, the method is also obviously superior to the conventional treatment of the Aimiao (CK-3) in field production. Secondly, the relative control effect is calculated by taking CK-3 treatment as a reference, and the bactericidal composition reaches 27.86 percent and is also obviously superior to CK-1 and CK-2 treatment (Table 3).

The seeds after cleaning and drying are stored for 3 months and then are subjected to a germination test, and the result shows that the germination potential and the germination rate of the seeds, the root length of seedlings and the seedling height of the seedlings treated by the sterilization composition are not obviously different from those of CK-4, which shows that the sterilization composition has no obvious influence on the vitality and activity of the seeds (Table 4).

TABLE 3 influence of fungicidal compositions on thousand-grain weight, setting rate, disease grain rate and control effect of hybrid rice' Zhongzheyou No. 8

TABLE 4 influence of fungicidal compositions on the germination index of harvested seeds of hybrid rice' Zhongzheyou No. 8

Example 3

In examples 1 and 2, the bactericidal composition is confirmed to be capable of remarkably reducing the rate of the smut disease of the rice grains in the hybrid rice seed production field, the control effect is remarkably superior to that of the rice seedling (CK-3) and the germination capacity of the seeds is not influenced, and the application effect and the influence on the quality of the seeds of the bactericidal composition are further verified under the special conditions that the flower season of the parents is poor and the smut disease of the rice grains is favorably caused.

1. Test materials: 'Qian you 0508'; the female parent is Qianjiang No. 1A, and the male parent is Zhehui 0508.

2. Reagent to be tested: the same as in example 1.

3. Test method

The test was carried out at the hong Kong substation, an agricultural test station of Zhejiang university in 2020, and the planting mode, test design, cell area, treatment and control of adopted medicament, spraying time and method of the parent and the parent were consistent with those of the examples 1 and 2.

4. Test results

In the embodiment, the flowering phase of the male parent is 6 days earlier than that of the female parent, so that the maturing rate is low, favorable conditions for the onset of the rice grain smut with poor flowering phase meeting are created, and the rice grain smut is serious. Compared with clear water control CK-4, the incidence rate of the maternal rice grain smut can be obviously reduced by other treatments, wherein the disease grain rate of the bactericidal composition is the lowest and is 6.00 percent, and the disease grain rate is obviously lower than CK-1, CK-2 and CK-3; by taking CK-4 as a reference, the bactericidal composition has the best effect of preventing and treating the rice grain smut, the relative prevention effect reaches 65.24%, and the bactericidal composition is obviously superior to two single-dose treatments of mancozeb (CK-1) and allicin (CK-2), and further shows that the bactericidal composition has obvious synergistic effect on preventing and treating the rice grain smut in hybrid rice seed production fields; meanwhile, the method is also obviously superior to the conventional treatment of the Aimiao (CK-3) in field production. Secondly, the relative control effect is calculated by taking CK-3 treatment as a reference, and the bactericidal composition reaches 9.66 percent and is also obviously superior to CK-1 and CK-2 treatment. The test results also show that the seed setting rate and thousand kernel weight of the hybrid rice seed production field are not obviously affected by other treatments by using clear water as a control (Table 5).

The germination test is carried out after the cleaned and dried seeds are stored for 3 months, and the result shows that the germination potential and the germination rate of the seeds, the root length of seedlings and the seedling height of the seedlings after the treatment by the bactericidal composition are not obviously different from those of CK-4, so that the bactericidal composition has no obvious influence on the vitality and the activity of the seeds (Table 6), and is suitable for being used as a medicament for preventing and treating the rice smut in a hybrid rice seed production field.

TABLE 5 influence of fungicidal compositions on the thousand-grain weight, setting percentage, disease grain percentage and control efficacy of hybrid rice' Qian you 0508

TABLE 6 influence of fungicidal compositions on the index of seed germination after harvesting of hybrid rice' Qian you 0508