阅读说明：本技术 一种可变压缩比的发动机运动结构 (Engine movement structure with variable compression ratio ) 是由 章帅韬 于 2020-12-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种可变压缩比的发动机运动结构,包括气缸、平行设置于气缸上的进气凸轮轴和排气凸轮轴,气缸内设置有可上下移动的活塞,活塞固定连接有可随其上下移动的横杆套筒机构,横杆套筒机构铰接连接有连杆,连杆的顶部铰接连接有可将直线运动转换为旋转运动的运动转换机构,运动转换机构的动力输出端固定有与进气凸轮轴和排气凸轮轴平行的齿轮轴,齿轮轴与进气凸轮轴和排气凸轮轴之间通过齿轮传递机构转动连接,齿轮轴设置于顶面为斜面的梯形滑块内,气缸内设有与梯形滑块配合、底面为斜面的楔形块,气缸内开设有供梯形滑块上下移动的滑块导向槽和供楔形块左右移动的楔形块导向槽。发动机压缩比可调,运动结构简单、稳定可靠且能耗低。(The invention discloses an engine motion structure with variable compression ratio, which comprises an air cylinder, an air inlet camshaft and an air outlet camshaft which are arranged on the air cylinder in parallel, wherein a piston capable of moving up and down is arranged in the air cylinder, the piston is fixedly connected with a cross rod sleeve mechanism capable of moving up and down along with the piston, the cross rod sleeve mechanism is hinged with a connecting rod, the top of the connecting rod is hinged with a motion conversion mechanism capable of converting linear motion into rotary motion, a gear shaft parallel to the air inlet camshaft and the air outlet camshaft is fixed at the power output end of the motion conversion mechanism, the gear shaft is rotatably connected with the air inlet camshaft and the air outlet camshaft through a gear transmission mechanism, the gear shaft is arranged in a trapezoidal sliding block with, the bottom surface is the wedge on inclined plane, has seted up the slider guide way that supplies trapezoidal slider to reciprocate and supplies the wedge guide way that the wedge moved about in the cylinder. The engine compression ratio is adjustable, and the motion simple structure, reliable and stable just energy consumption are low.)

1. The utility model provides a variable compression ratio's engine motion, includes the cylinder, parallel arrangement in intake camshaft (1) and exhaust camshaft (2) on the cylinder, be provided with piston (3) that can reciprocate in the cylinder, its characterized in that: the piston (3) is connected with a cross rod sleeve mechanism capable of moving up and down along with the piston, the cross rod sleeve mechanism is connected with a connecting rod (4) in an articulated mode, the top of the connecting rod (4) is connected with a motion conversion mechanism capable of converting linear motion into rotary motion in an articulated mode, a power output end of the motion conversion mechanism is fixed with a gear shaft (5) parallel to the air inlet cam shaft (1) and the exhaust cam shaft (2), the gear shaft (5) is connected with the air inlet cam shaft (1) and the exhaust cam shaft (2) in a rotating mode through a gear transmission mechanism, and an adjusting mechanism capable of adjusting the upper limit position and the lower limit position of the gear shaft (5) is arranged.

2. The variable compression ratio engine moving structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: adjustment mechanism including set up in the cylinder, the top surface is trapezoidal slider (6) on inclined plane, gear shaft (5) set up in trapezoidal slider (6), be equipped with in the cylinder and be located trapezoidal slider (6) top, bottom surface be with wedge (7) on trapezoidal slider (6) top surface complex inclined plane, seted up in the cylinder and had the spacing face in bottom, the top is open, supply slider guide way (8) that trapezoidal slider (6) reciprocated and have about spacing face, supply wedge guide way (9) that remove about wedge (7).

3. The variable compression ratio engine moving structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: the cylinder comprises a cylinder shell (10) and a cylinder cover (11) fixed to the top of the cylinder shell (10), the air inlet camshaft (1) and the air outlet camshaft (2) are arranged on the top of the cylinder cover (11) in parallel, and the piston (3) is arranged in the cylinder shell (10).

4. The variable compression ratio engine moving structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: the cylinder shell (10) is a cylindrical shell, the cross rod sleeve mechanism comprises a guide sleeve (12) which is coaxially sleeved on the cylinder shell (10) and can axially move up and down along the cylinder shell (10) and a cross rod (13) which is fixed to the bottom of the guide sleeve (12) along the radial direction of the guide sleeve (12), a piston rod (14) is connected between the piston (3) and the cross rod (13), the top end and the bottom end of the piston rod (14) are respectively hinged with the piston (3) and the cross rod (13), and one end of the cross rod (13) penetrates through the guide sleeve (12) and is hinged with the connecting rod (4).

5. The variable compression ratio engine moving structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: one end of the gear shaft (5) penetrates through the trapezoidal sliding block (6) to be connected with the gear transmission mechanism, the other end of the gear shaft (5) penetrates through the trapezoidal sliding block (6) to be connected with the motion conversion mechanism, the motion conversion mechanism comprises a top shaft (15) with one end fixed with the gear shaft (5), and the other end of the top shaft (15) is hinged to the top end of the connecting rod (4).

6. The variable compression ratio engine moving structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: the gear transmission mechanism comprises a driving gear (16) coaxially fixed at one end of the gear shaft (5), an air inlet gear (17) coaxially fixed at one end of the air inlet cam shaft (1) and meshed with the driving gear (16), and an air outlet gear (18) coaxially fixed at one end of the air outlet cam shaft (2) and meshed with the air inlet gear (17).

7. The variable compression ratio engine moving structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: the gear transmission mechanism further comprises a chain (19) sleeved on the driving gear (16), the air inlet gear (17) and the exhaust gear (18).

8. The variable compression ratio engine moving structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: the wedge-shaped block injection device is characterized in that a limiting structure used for limiting the wedge-shaped block (7) to move left and right and an oil injection cavity (20) used for injecting hydraulic oil into the cylinder to drive the wedge-shaped block (7) to move to one side of the trapezoid sliding block (6) are arranged in the cylinder.

9. The variable compression ratio engine moving structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: limit structure including set up in the cylinder, be located wedge guide way (9) top and with horizontal spacing groove (21) of wedge guide way (9) intercommunication, keep away from wedge (7) one side of trapezoidal slider (6) is fixed with stopper (22) on the surface, the top surface of stopper (22) is located the top surface top of wedge (7), the top of stopper (22) is located in horizontal spacing groove (21).

10. The variable compression ratio engine moving structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: the bottom surface of stopper (22) is located the bottom surface top of wedge (7), the top surface of stopper (22) with the laminating of the top cell wall of horizontal spacing groove (21), stopper (22) are kept away from the surface and the bottom surface of trapezoidal slider (6) one side wedge (7) are kept away from the surface of trapezoidal slider (6) one side the cell wall of horizontal spacing groove (21) with the space that the cell wall of wedge guide way (9) encloses does oiling cavity (20).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of engines, in particular to an engine motion structure with a variable compression ratio.

Background

The engine compression ratio is the ratio of the maximum stroke volume and the minimum stroke volume of the piston, and the calculation formula is as follows: the compression ratio is V1/V2. In a certain cylinder of the engine, when the stroke of the piston reaches the lowest point, the piston position is called as the bottom dead center, the volume in the combustion chamber of the cylinder is the maximum stroke volume V1, when the piston moves reversely and reaches the highest point, the piston position is called as the top dead center, the volume of the combustion chamber is the minimum in the whole piston movement stroke, and the volume is V2. The compression ratio of a general engine is not variable, because the volume of a combustion chamber and the working volume of a cylinder are fixed parameters and are well determined in the design.

Variable compression ratio (variable compression ratio) is a technique for dynamically adjusting the compression ratio of an internal combustion engine, which can improve fuel efficiency under different load conditions: a lower compression ratio is required at high loads and a high compression ratio is required at low loads.

Patent No. CN201410250918.1 entitled "variable compression ratio mechanism for engine, variable compression ratio engine, and automobile" discloses a variable compression ratio mechanism in which the volume of a combustion chamber is changed by a worm device on a cylinder head, and the top dead center of the piston is not changed. The disadvantages of this patent are: the cylinder cover belongs to a part bearing high temperature and high pressure, the worm device can generate phenomena of deformation, ablation, clamping stagnation and the like due to high temperature and high pressure, and the reliability is not high.

CN201110208487.9, entitled "variable compression ratio device", discloses a structure for adjusting the compression ratio of an engine by changing the top dead center of a piston using an eccentric link and a gear device. The disadvantages of this patent are: frequent changes in the engine compression ratio lead to wear of the gearing and poor reliability.

Patent No. cn200780015799.x, entitled "variable compression ratio internal combustion engine", discloses a method for changing the compression ratio of an engine by changing the top dead center of a piston by rotating an eccentric camshaft to cause relative movement between a crankcase and a cylinder block. The disadvantages of this patent are: the eccentric camshaft is complicated to manufacture and has a high cost, and the energy consumption required for the relative movement between the crankcase and the cylinder block is high.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the defects of the background technology and provide a variable compression ratio engine motion structure with high reliability and low energy consumption.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides an engine motion structure with variable compression ratio, which comprises a cylinder, an air inlet camshaft and an air outlet camshaft which are arranged on the cylinder in parallel, wherein a piston capable of moving up and down is arranged in the cylinder, and the engine motion structure is characterized in that: the piston is connected with a cross rod sleeve mechanism which can move up and down along with the piston, the cross rod sleeve mechanism is hinged with a connecting rod, the top of the connecting rod is hinged with a motion conversion mechanism which can convert linear motion into rotary motion, a gear shaft which is parallel to the air inlet cam shaft and the air outlet cam shaft is fixed at the power output end of the motion conversion mechanism, the gear shaft is rotationally connected with the air inlet cam shaft and the air outlet cam shaft through a gear transmission mechanism, and an adjusting mechanism which can adjust the upper limit position and the lower limit position of the gear shaft is arranged in the cylinder.

Further, adjustment mechanism including set up in the cylinder, the top surface is the trapezoidal slider on inclined plane, the gear shaft set up in the trapezoidal slider, be equipped with in the cylinder and be located trapezoidal slider top, bottom surface be with the wedge on trapezoidal slider top surface complex inclined plane, it has the spacing face in bottom, the top is open, supplies to have seted up in the cylinder the slider guide way that trapezoidal slider reciprocated with have about spacing face, supply the wedge guide way that the wedge was controlled and is removed.

Further, the cylinder comprises a cylinder shell and a cylinder cover fixed on the top of the cylinder shell, the air inlet camshaft and the air outlet camshaft are arranged on the top of the cylinder cover in parallel, and the piston is arranged in the cylinder shell.

Furthermore, the cylinder shell is a cylindrical shell, the cross rod sleeve mechanism comprises a guide sleeve which is coaxially sleeved on the cylinder shell and can axially move up and down along the cylinder shell and a cross rod which is fixed at the bottom of the guide sleeve along the radial direction of the guide sleeve, a piston rod is connected between the piston and the cross rod, the top end and the bottom end of the piston rod are respectively hinged with the piston and the cross rod, and one end of the cross rod penetrates through the guide sleeve and is hinged with the connecting rod.

Furthermore, one end of the gear shaft penetrates through the trapezoidal sliding block to be connected with the gear transmission mechanism, the other end of the gear shaft penetrates through the trapezoidal sliding block to be connected with the motion conversion mechanism, the motion conversion mechanism comprises a top shaft, one end of the top shaft is fixed with the gear shaft, and the other end of the top shaft is hinged to the top end of the connecting rod.

Furthermore, the gear transmission mechanism comprises a driving gear coaxially fixed at one end of the gear shaft, an air inlet gear coaxially fixed at one end of the air inlet cam shaft and meshed with the driving gear, and an air outlet gear coaxially fixed at one end of the air outlet cam shaft and meshed with the air inlet gear.

Furthermore, the gear transmission mechanism further comprises a chain sleeved on the driving gear, the air inlet gear and the exhaust gear.

Furthermore, a limiting structure used for limiting the wedge block to move left and right and an oil injection cavity used for injecting hydraulic oil into the cylinder to drive the wedge block to move to one side of the trapezoidal sliding block are arranged in the cylinder.

Furthermore, limit structure including set up in the cylinder, be located wedge guide way top and with the horizontal spacing groove of wedge guide way intercommunication, the wedge is kept away from a side of trapezoidal slider is fixed with the stopper on the surface, the top surface of stopper is located the top surface top of wedge, the top of stopper is located horizontal spacing inslot.

Furthermore, the bottom surface of stopper is located the bottom surface top of wedge, the top surface of stopper with the laminating of the top cell wall of horizontal spacing groove, the stopper is kept away from the surface and the bottom surface of trapezoidal slider one side, the wedge is kept away from the surface of trapezoidal slider one side, the cell wall of horizontal spacing groove with the space that the cell wall of wedge guide way encloses does the oiling cavity.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: through the matching structure of the wedge-shaped sliding block and the trapezoidal sliding block, the matching position of the wedge-shaped block and the trapezoidal sliding block is changed by oil pressure, and then the position of the top dead center of the piston is changed, so that the compression ratio is changed. The designed movement structure is simple and high in reliability, the compression ratio is changed only through the movement of the sliding block, and the movement of the cylinder body or the crankcase is not involved, so that the energy loss during the change of the compression ratio is effectively reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a first perspective view of a variable compression ratio engine configuration of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a second perspective view of the kinematic structure of the variable compression ratio engine of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a right side view of a variable compression ratio engine moving structure in the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is an axial sectional view showing a moving structure of a variable compression ratio engine according to the present invention;

the device comprises an air inlet camshaft, an air outlet camshaft, a piston, a connecting rod, a gear shaft, a trapezoidal sliding block, a wedge block, a sliding block guide groove, a wedge block guide groove, a cylinder shell, a cylinder cover, a guide sleeve, a cross rod, a piston rod, a top shaft, a driving gear, a transverse limiting groove, a piston rod, a top shaft, a chain, a piston cavity, a piston rod, a.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments.

The variable compression ratio engine moving structure shown in fig. 1 to 5 includes a cylinder including a cylindrical cylinder housing 10 and a cylinder head 11 fixed to the top of the cylinder housing 10, an intake camshaft 1 and an exhaust camshaft 2 disposed in parallel on the top of the cylinder head 11, and a piston 3 disposed in the cylinder housing 10.

The piston 3 is connected with a cross rod sleeve mechanism which can move up and down along with the piston: the cylinder piston comprises a guide sleeve 12 and a cross rod 13, wherein the guide sleeve 12 is coaxially sleeved on a cylinder shell 10 and axially moves up and down along the cylinder shell 10, the cross rod 13 is radially fixed at the bottom of the guide sleeve 12 along the guide sleeve 12, a piston rod 14 is connected between a piston 3 and the cross rod 13, the top end and the bottom end of the piston rod 14 are respectively hinged and connected with the piston 3 and the cross rod 13, and one end of the cross rod 13 penetrates through the guide sleeve 12 and is hinged and connected with a.

The top of the connecting rod 4 is hinged with a motion conversion mechanism which can convert linear motion into rotary motion: the device comprises a top shaft 15, one end of the top shaft is fixed with a gear shaft 5, the gear shaft 5 is parallel to an air inlet cam shaft 1 and an air outlet cam shaft 2, and the other end of the top shaft 15 is hinged to the top end of a connecting rod 4.

The gear shaft 5 is rotationally connected with the air inlet camshaft 1 and the exhaust camshaft 2 through a gear transmission mechanism: the device comprises a driving gear 16 coaxially fixed at one end of a gear shaft 5, an air inlet gear 17 coaxially fixed at one end of an air inlet cam shaft 1 and meshed with the driving gear 16, and an air outlet gear 18 coaxially fixed at one end of an air outlet cam shaft 2 and meshed with the air inlet gear 17, wherein a chain 19 is sleeved and connected on the driving gear 16, the air inlet gear 17 and the air outlet gear 18.

An adjusting mechanism capable of adjusting the upper limit position and the lower limit position of the gear shaft 5 is arranged in the cylinder cover 11: including setting up in cylinder head 11, the top surface is trapezoidal slider 6 on inclined plane, gear shaft 5 sets up in trapezoidal slider 6, is equipped with in the cylinder head 11 to be located trapezoidal slider 6 top, the bottom surface be with the wedge 7 on the inclined plane of trapezoidal slider 6 top surface complex, has seted up in the cylinder head 11 to have the spacing face in bottom, the top is open, supply the slider guide way 8 that trapezoidal slider 6 reciprocated and have about spacing face, supply the wedge guide way 9 that the wedge 7 removed.

The cylinder cover 11 is also internally provided with a limiting structure for limiting the wedge block 7 to move left and right and an oil injection cavity 20 for injecting hydraulic oil into the cylinder to drive the wedge block 7 to move towards one side of the trapezoidal sliding block 6. Limiting structure is including setting up in the cylinder, being located wedge guide way 9 top and with the horizontal spacing groove 21 of wedge guide way 9 intercommunication, and one side that trapezoidal slider 6 was kept away from to wedge 7 is fixed with stopper 22 on the surface, and stopper 22's top surface is located the top surface top of wedge 7, and stopper 22's top is located horizontal spacing groove 21. The bottom surface of the limiting block 22 is located above the bottom surface of the wedge block 7, the top surface of the limiting block 22 is attached to the top groove wall of the transverse limiting groove 21, and a space defined by the surface and the bottom surface of one side of the limiting block 22 away from the trapezoidal slider 6, the surface of one side of the wedge block 7 away from the trapezoidal slider 6, the groove wall of the transverse limiting groove 21 and the groove wall of the wedge block guide groove 9 is the oil injection cavity 20.

In the invention, the vertical movement of the piston 3 is realized by circulating four strokes of air inlet, compression, work application and air exhaust in the combustion chamber 23, the lower end of the piston 3 is hinged with the transverse post 13 through the piston rod 14, and the transverse post 13 is fixed with the guide sleeve 12, so that the guide sleeve 12 can vertically move along with the piston 3 and has a guide function. The horizontal pole 13 is connected with the bottom of connecting rod 4 is articulated simultaneously, and connecting rod 4 is connected with apical axis 15 is articulated, and the other end of apical axis 15 can make self rotatory, and apical axis 15 is rotatory back, and gear shaft 5 and drive gear 16 fixed with apical axis 15 all can follow apical axis 15 and rotate, and drive gear 16 drives chain 19, intake camshaft 1 and exhaust camshaft 12 and rotates. The driving gear 16 is acted by the upward force of the chain 19, so that the top shaft 15 is acted by the upward force, the trapezoidal sliding block 6 is acted by the upward force of the top shaft 15 and the gear shaft 5, the trapezoidal sliding block 6 is positioned at the upper part of the sliding block guide groove 18 in the initial state, and the trapezoidal sliding block 6 can do vertical movement in the sliding block guide groove 18. A wedge block 7 is arranged above the trapezoidal sliding block 6, and the wedge block 7 can move horizontally in a wedge block guide groove 9.

When hydraulic oil is stored in the oil injection cavity 20, the oil pressure can push the wedge block 7 to move rightwards, the wedge block 7 can push the trapezoidal sliding block 6 to move downwards, the top shaft 15 also moves downwards, and therefore the top dead center position of the piston 3 is finally lowered through the motion transmission of the connecting rod 4, the cross rod 13 and the piston rod 14, and the compression ratio is lowered.

When the compression ratio needs to be increased, the oil pressure of the hydraulic oil only needs to be reduced.

Note: since the left side surface of the stopper 22 is restricted by the left wall surface of the lateral stopper groove 21, the maximum compression ratio is limited; also, since the upper right side surface of the stopper 22 is restricted by the right wall surface of the lateral stopper groove 21, the minimum compression ratio is limited.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the structure of the present invention in any way. Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.