阅读说明：本技术 义齿种植修复装置以及义齿种植修复方法 (Denture implant repair device and denture implant repair method ) 是由 徐顺聪 臧延哲 张蕊 李文静 甘育娜 于 2020-12-21 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请涉及医疗用器具技术领域,尤其是涉及一种义齿种植修复装置以及义齿种植修复方法。一种义齿种植修复装置包括截骨导向构件、种植导向构件以及义齿构件,截骨导向构件上设置有安装部,种植导向构件上设置有插接部；插接部能够插接至安装部上以使种植导向构件固定在截骨导向构件上,种植导向构件用于安装待种植。利用截骨导向构件对部分颌骨进行切除,切除部分颌骨之后,不需要取下截骨导向构件,将插接部插接到安装部上以使种植导向构件放置于截骨导向构件上,最后将义齿构件设置于待种植体上。本申请将插接部插接至安装部上,使得种植导向构件快速准确固定在截骨导向构件上,节省了种植导向构件对齐颌骨上的预设位置的时间,提高了手术效率。(The application relates to the technical field of medical appliances, in particular to an artificial tooth implantation repairing device and an artificial tooth implantation repairing method. An artificial tooth implantation repairing device comprises an osteotomy guiding component, an implantation guiding component and an artificial tooth component, wherein an installation part is arranged on the osteotomy guiding component, and an insertion part is arranged on the implantation guiding component; the insertion part can be inserted into the mounting part so that the implant guide member is fixed on the osteotomy guide member, and the implant guide member is used for mounting the implant to be implanted. Utilize cutting bone guide member to amputate partial jaw, after the excision partial jaw, need not take off cutting bone guide member, peg graft the installation department on so that implant guide member places on cutting bone guide member with grafting portion, set up the artificial tooth component on waiting to implant at last. This application is pegged graft the grafting portion on the installation department for planting the guide member and accurately fixing fast on cutting bone guide member, saved the time of planting the preset position that guide member aligns on the jawbone, improved operation efficiency.)

1. A denture implant prosthetic device, comprising an osteotomy guide member, an implant guide member, and a denture member:

the osteotomy guide member is for fixation to a jawbone;

the osteotomy guide member is provided with an installation part, and the implantation guide member is provided with an insertion part; the insertion part can be inserted to the mounting part so that the planting guide member is fixed on the osteotomy guide member, and the planting guide member is used for mounting a body to be planted;

the osteotomy guide member and the implant guide member are removable from the jaw bone, and the denture member is disposable on the body to be implanted.

2. The denture implant repair device of claim 1, wherein said osteotomy guide member comprises an osteotomy guide and a connector;

the bone cutting guide plate is provided with a first through hole along the cross section direction;

a first fixing hole is formed in the jaw bone corresponding to the first through hole;

the connecting piece sequentially penetrates through the first through hole and the first fixing hole so that the bone cutting guide plate is fixed on the jaw bone;

when the bone cutting guide plate is fixed on the jaw bone, part of the jaw bone is exposed out of the bone cutting guide plate.

3. The denture implant repair device according to claim 2, wherein the osteotomy guide is provided with the mounting portion in a first direction at a position near and/or away from the lip;

the mounting part is provided with a mounting groove;

the mounting groove is used for fixing the insertion part.

4. The denture implant repair device according to claim 3, wherein said implant guide member comprises an implant guide plate;

the planting guide plate is close to and/or far away from the lip part and extends towards the bone cutting guide plate and is provided with the inserting part;

the inserting part is matched with the mounting groove;

the insertion part can be inserted into the mounting groove so as to fix the planting guide plate on the bone cutting guide plate by using a connecting piece.

5. The denture implant restoration device according to claim 4, wherein the number of the mounting grooves, the number of the insertion parts and the number of the connecting members are all plural, and the plural mounting grooves, the plural insertion parts and the plural connecting members are respectively in one-to-one correspondence.

6. The denture implant repair device according to claim 5, wherein the denture member comprises a fixing plate and a denture provided on the fixing plate;

an assembly groove is formed in the position, corresponding to the position of the body to be implanted, of the fixing plate, so that the body to be implanted is fixed on the fixing plate;

the fixing plate is extended close to and/or far away from the lip part and towards the jaw bone and is formed with an extension part; the extension part is provided with a second fixing hole;

the connecting piece can pass through the second fixing hole and the first fixing hole in sequence, so that the fixing plate is fixed on the jaw bone.

7. A denture implant restoration method using the denture implant restoration device according to claim 6, comprising the steps of:

cutting the jaw bone exposed on the bone cutting guide plate by using the bone cutting guide member;

placing the implant guide member on the osteotomy guide member and installing the implant to be implanted with the implant guide member;

and installing the denture component on the implant to be implanted.

8. The denture implant restoration method according to claim 7, wherein the step of resecting the jaw bone on the osteotomy guide using the osteotomy guide member comprises the steps of:

taking out the bone cutting guide plate with the first through hole and the mounting groove;

placing the bone cutting guide plate on the jaw bone, forming a first fixing hole matched with the connecting piece on the jaw bone under the guiding action of the first through hole, and fixing the bone cutting guide plate on the jaw bone by using the connecting piece;

and cutting the jaw bone exposed on the bone cutting guide plate.

9. The denture implant repair method according to claim 8, wherein the step of placing the implant guide member on the osteotomy guide member and installing the implant to be implanted using the implant guide member comprises the steps of:

taking out the planting guide plate with the insertion part and a second through hole formed in the insertion part;

removing the connecting piece;

placing the planting guide plate on the bone cutting guide plate, inserting the inserting part into the mounting groove, and aligning the first through hole with the second through hole;

the connecting piece is used again to penetrate through the first through hole and the second through hole and is matched with the first fixing hole, so that the planting guide plate is fixed on the bone cutting guide plate;

and planting the body to be planted by using the planting guide plate.

10. The denture implant restoration method according to claim 9, wherein the step of mounting the denture member on the body to be implanted comprises the steps of:

removing the osteotomy guide member and the implant guide member;

taking out the fixing plate with the assembling groove;

ensuring that the second fixing hole corresponds to the first fixing hole, and fixing the fixing plate on the jaw bone by using the connecting piece again so that the body to be implanted is fixed on the assembling groove;

removing the connection, removing the denture member from the jaw bone, and removing the extension;

and re-installing the denture component on the jaw bone to complete denture repair.

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of medical appliances, in particular to an artificial tooth implantation repairing device and an artificial tooth implantation repairing method.

Background

In the implant operation of the edentulous jaw guide plate, when bone cutting is needed, firstly preparing the bone cutting guide plate with a first fixture hole and the edentulous jaw implant guide plate with a second fixture hole, and ensuring that the first fixture hole is consistent with the second fixture hole in position; then, the bone cutting guide plate is punched on the bone through the first fixture hole by using the first fixture, and then the bone is cut; and finally, after the bone cutting is finished, the bone cutting guide plate is taken down and replaced by the edentulous jaw guide plate, and the tooth implantation is carried out.

However, when the edentulous jaw guide plate is replaced, the fixing holes and the second fixing nail holes cannot be aligned quickly and accurately, and the operation time is affected.

Disclosure of Invention

The application aims to provide an artificial tooth implantation repairing device and an artificial tooth implantation repairing method, which are used for solving the technical problem that the time of an operation is influenced due to the fact that a fixing hole and a second fixing nail hole cannot be aligned quickly and accurately by the aid of the repairing method in the prior art to a certain extent.

The application provides a prosthetic tooth implantation prosthetic devices, including cutting bone guide member, planting guide member and prosthetic tooth component:

the osteotomy guide member is for fixation to a jawbone;

the osteotomy guide member is provided with an installation part, and the implantation guide member is provided with an insertion part; the insertion part can be inserted to the mounting part so that the planting guide member is fixed on the osteotomy guide member, and the planting guide member is used for mounting a body to be planted;

the osteotomy guide member and the implant guide member are removable from the jaw bone, and the denture member is disposable on the body to be implanted.

In the above technical solution, further, the osteotomy guide member includes an osteotomy guide plate and a connector;

the bone cutting guide plate is provided with a first through hole along the cross section direction;

a first fixing hole is formed in the jaw bone corresponding to the first through hole;

the connecting piece sequentially penetrates through the first through hole and the first fixing hole so that the bone cutting guide plate is fixed on the jaw bone;

when the bone cutting guide plate is fixed on the jaw bone, part of the jaw bone is exposed out of the bone cutting guide plate.

In the above technical solution, further, the bone cutting guide is provided with the mounting portion in a first direction at a position close to and/or far from the lip;

the mounting part is provided with a mounting groove;

the mounting groove is used for fixing the insertion part.

In the above technical solution, further, the planting guide member includes a planting guide plate;

the planting guide plate is close to and/or far away from the lip part and extends towards the bone cutting guide plate and is provided with the inserting part;

the inserting part is matched with the mounting groove;

the insertion part can be inserted into the mounting groove so as to fix the planting guide plate on the bone cutting guide plate by using a connecting piece.

In the above technical solution, further, the number of the mounting grooves, the number of the inserting portions, and the number of the connecting pieces are all plural, and the plural mounting grooves, the plural inserting portions, and the plural connecting pieces are respectively in one-to-one correspondence.

In the above technical solution, further, the denture member includes a fixing plate and a denture provided on the fixing plate;

an assembly groove is formed in the position, corresponding to the position of the body to be implanted, of the fixing plate, so that the body to be implanted is fixed on the fixing plate;

the fixing plate is extended close to and/or far away from the lip part and towards the jaw bone and is formed with an extension part; the extension part is provided with a second fixing hole;

the connecting piece can pass through the second fixing hole and the first fixing hole in sequence, so that the fixing plate is fixed on the jaw bone.

The application also provides a denture implant repair method, which comprises the following steps:

cutting the jaw bone exposed on the bone cutting guide plate by using the bone cutting guide member;

placing the implant guide member on the osteotomy guide member and installing the implant to be implanted with the implant guide member;

and installing the denture component on the implant to be implanted.

In the above technical solution, further, the step of resecting the jawbone positioned on the bone cutting guide using the bone cutting guide member comprises the steps of:

taking out the bone cutting guide plate with the first through hole and the mounting groove;

placing the bone cutting guide plate on the jaw bone, forming a first fixing hole matched with the connecting piece on the jaw bone under the guiding action of the first through hole, and fixing the bone cutting guide plate on the jaw bone by using the connecting piece;

and cutting the jaw bone exposed on the bone cutting guide plate.

In the above technical solution, further, the step of placing the implant guide member on the osteotomy guide member and installing the implant to be implanted using the implant guide member comprises the steps of:

taking out the planting guide plate with the insertion part and the second through hole formed in the insertion part;

removing the connecting piece;

placing the planting guide plate on the bone cutting guide plate, inserting the inserting part into the mounting groove, and aligning the first through hole with the second through hole;

the connecting piece is used again to penetrate through the first through hole and the second through hole and is matched with the first fixing hole, so that the planting guide plate is fixed on the bone cutting guide plate;

and planting the body to be planted by using the planting guide plate.

In the above technical solution, further, the step of installing the denture member on the implant to be implanted includes the steps of:

removing the osteotomy guide member and the implant guide member;

taking out the fixing plate with the assembling groove;

ensuring that the second fixing hole corresponds to the first fixing hole, and fixing the fixing plate on the jaw bone by using the connecting piece again so that the body to be implanted is fixed on the assembling groove;

removing the connection, removing the denture member from the jaw bone, and removing the extension;

and re-installing the denture component on the jaw bone to complete denture repair.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of this application is:

the denture implant repair device comprises an osteotomy guide member, an implant guide member and a denture member, wherein the osteotomy guide member is used for being fixed on a jaw bone, an installation part is arranged on the osteotomy guide member, and an insertion part is arranged on the implant guide member; the insertion part can be inserted to the mounting part so that the planting guide member is fixed on the osteotomy guide member, and the planting guide member is used for mounting a body to be planted; specifically, an osteotomy guide member is fixed on a mandible as a base, a part of the mandible is resected by the osteotomy guide member, after the part of the mandible is resected, an implant guide member is directly placed on the osteotomy guide member without removing the osteotomy guide member, specifically, an insertion part is inserted on an installation part, finally, the osteotomy guide member and the implant guide member are removed from the mandible, and the denture member is arranged on the body to be implanted; in the operation process, the inserting part is inserted into the installation part, so that the planting guide member is quickly and accurately fixed on the osteotomy guide member, the time for aligning the planting guide member to the preset position on the jaw is saved, the operation efficiency is improved, and the technical problem that the edentulous jaw planting guide plate and the jaw cannot be quickly and accurately aligned in the prior art is solved.

The application also provides a denture implantation repairing method, which comprises the following steps:

cutting a portion of the jaw bone on the bone resection guide with the bone resection guide;

placing the implant guide member on the osteotomy guide member and said installing the body to be implanted with the implant guide member;

the denture member is mounted over the implant to be implanted.

To sum up, saved the time of planting the first fixed orifices on the guide member alignment mandible, saved the time of artificial tooth component alignment first fixed orifices on the mandible, improved operation efficiency, solved among the prior art to the technical problem that guide plate and mandible can't accurately align fast are planted to the edentulous jaw.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the detailed description of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the detailed description of the present application or the prior art description will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an osteotomy guide member in a denture implant restoration device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 2 is another structural view of the osteotomy guide member in a denture implant restoration device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the implant guiding member in the denture implant repairing device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of an implant to be implanted and the implant guide member in a denture implant repair device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5 is a first structural diagram of a denture component in a denture implant repair device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 6 is a second structural diagram of a denture component in a denture implant repair device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 7 is a schematic view of a third structure of a denture component in a denture implant repair device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a denture repair completed by using a denture implant repair device according to an embodiment of the present application.

In the figure: 100-an osteotomy guide member; 101-a planting guide member; 102-a denture component; 103-mandible; 104-a body to be implanted; 105-a bone cutting guide plate; 106-a connector; 107-first via; 108-part of the jaw bone; 109-a first direction; 110-a planting guide plate; 111-a plug-in part; 112-a fixing plate; 113-dentures; 114-a mounting slot; 115-an extension; 116-a second fixation hole; 117-second via; 118-connecting screws; 119-base station; 120-an implant body; 121-first fixing hole.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present application will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present application, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood in a specific case by those of ordinary skill in the art.

Example one

Referring to fig. 1 to 8, a denture implant device is described with a mandible as a mandible 103, wherein the denture implant device comprises an osteotomy guide member 100, an implant guide member 101 and a denture member 102, wherein the osteotomy guide member 100 is used for being fixed on the mandible 103, the osteotomy guide member 100 is provided with a mounting portion, and the implant guide member 101 is provided with an insertion portion 111; the insertion part 111 can be inserted into the mounting part to fix the implant guide member 101 on the osteotomy guide member 100, the implant guide member 101 being used for mounting the to-be-implanted body 104; specifically, the osteotomy guide member 100 is fixed on the mandible 103 as a base (preferably, the mandible 103 is provided with a first fixing hole 121), a part of the mandible 108 is cut by the osteotomy guide member 100, after the part of the mandible 108 is cut, the osteotomy guide member 100 is not required to be removed, the implant guide member 101 is directly placed on the osteotomy guide member 100, specifically, the implant guide member 101 is fixed on the osteotomy guide member 100 in a plugging and unplugging manner, more specifically, the plugging portion 111 is plugged on a mounting portion, finally, the osteotomy guide member 100 and the implant guide member 101 are removed from the mandible 103, and the denture member 102 is arranged on the body to be implanted 104; in the operation process, the inserting part 111 is inserted into the installation part, so that the planting guide member 101 is quickly and accurately fixed on the osteotomy guide member 100, the time for the planting guide member 101 to align to the first fixing hole 121 on the mandible 103 is saved, the operation efficiency is improved, and the technical problem that the guide plate 110 and the mandible 103 cannot be quickly and accurately aligned in the prior art is solved.

In this embodiment, the osteotomy guide member 100 includes an osteotomy guide 105 and a connector 106; wherein the osteotomy guide 105 is adapted to the mandible 103; the connecting member 106 is preferably a staple; a first through hole 107 is formed along the cross section direction of the bone cutting guide plate 105, the fixing nail penetrates through the first through hole 107 and is fixed on the mandible 103, so that the bone cutting guide plate 105 is fixed on the mandible 103, and a first fixing hole 121 is formed in the mandible 103 at the moment; when the bone cutting guide 105 is fixed to the mandible 103, the part of the jaw bone 108 located on the bone cutting guide 105 is cut.

In this embodiment, the bone cutting guide 105 is provided with a mounting groove along a first direction 109 near the lip, and the first direction 109 is a vertical downward direction; the planting guide member 101 includes a planting guide 110; the planting guide 110 is adjacent to the lip and extends towards the osteotomy guide 105 and is formed with a spigot 111; the insertion part 111 is matched with the mounting groove; in the actual use process, the fixing nails are firstly removed, then the inserting part 111 is inserted into the mounting groove, finally the fixing nails sequentially pass through the first through hole 107, the inserting part 111 and the first fixing hole 121, and the fixing nails are used for fixing the planting guide plate 110 on the bone cutting guide plate 105. At this time, the second through hole 117 is formed in the socket 111.

In this embodiment, in order to improve the stability between the osteotomy guide 105 and the implantation guide 110, the number of the mounting slots, the number of the insertion parts 111 and the number of the connecting pieces 106 are all plural, and the specific number is determined according to the requirements of different people; the plurality of mounting grooves, the plurality of insertion parts 111, and the plurality of connecting members 106 are in one-to-one correspondence, respectively.

In this embodiment, the denture member 102 includes a fixing plate 112 and a denture 113 provided on the fixing plate 112;

an assembly groove 114 is formed on the fixing plate 112 at a position corresponding to the body to be implanted 104, so that the body to be implanted 104 is fixed on the fixing plate 112;

the fixing plate 112 is adjacent to the lip and extends toward the mandible 103 and is formed with an extension 115; the extending portion 115 is provided with a second fixing hole 116;

the connecting member 106 passes through the second fixing hole 116 and the first fixing hole 121 in sequence to fix the fixing plate 112 to the mandible 103.

It is worth mentioning that: the insertion part 111 is arranged corresponding to the position of the mounting groove, namely if the insertion part 111 is close to the position of the lip part, the mounting groove is also close to the position of the lip part; when the insertion part 111 is far away from the position of the lip part, the mounting groove is also far away from the position of the lip part; when the insertion parts 111 are provided at positions close to and far from the lip part, the mounting grooves are also provided at positions far from and near the lip part.

The osteotomy guide 105, the implantation guide 110 and the denture member 102 in this embodiment may be directly formed by means of 3D printing, or a part of the preparation steps may be realized by 3D printing. The 3D printing method includes, but is not limited to, DLP (digital light processing) photocuring printing, SLA (stereolithography) photocuring printing, SLS (selective laser sintering) printing, and MJF (multiple jet fusion molding) printing.

Example two

The application also provides a denture implantation repairing method, which comprises the following steps:

step S100: cutting the part of the jawbone 108 positioned on the osteotomy guide 105 with the osteotomy guide member 100; specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the step S100 includes a step S101: preparing a bone cutting guide 105 (before an operation, the bone cutting guide 105 is manufactured according to the shape of the patient's mandible 103, and a first through hole 107 is integrally formed on the bone cutting guide 105); s102: placing the osteotomy guide 105 in the mandible 103; the bone cutting guide 105 is fixed on the mandible 103 by the connecting piece 106, the connecting piece 106 (driven by a dental drill) can be driven into the mandible 103 under the guiding action of the first through hole 107, and a first fixing hole 121 is formed on the mandible 103, and it is noted that in this step, the first fixing hole 121 on the mandible 103 can also be formed by the dental drill before the operation, so as to facilitate the subsequent operation; step S103: a part of the jaw bone 108 located on the bone cutting guide 105 is cut out.

Step S200: placing the implant guide member 101 on the osteotomy guide member 100 and installing the implant to be implanted 104 with the implant guide member 101; specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the step S200 includes a step S201: the extending part is provided with a second through hole 117 corresponding to the position of the first through hole 107; step S202: removing the connecting member 106; step S203: placing the implantation guide plate 110 on the bone cutting guide plate 105, and inserting the insertion part 111 into the installation groove; step S204: the connecting piece 106 is used again to sequentially penetrate through the first through hole 107, the second through hole 117 and the first fixing hole 121 so that the implanting guide plate 110 is fixed on the bone cutting guide plate 105; step S205: the planting guide 110 is used to plant the object to be planted 104.

The body to be implanted 104 includes a connection screw 118, a base 119, and an implant body 120; in the implantation of the implant 104, an implant body 120 is first implanted into the mandible 103, and then an abutment 119 is fixed to the implant body 120 using a connection screw 118.

Step S300: mounting the denture member 102 over the implant 104; specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the step S300 includes a step S301: removing the osteotomy guide member 100 and the implantation guide member 101; step S302: taking out the prepared fixing plate 112, wherein the fixing plate 112 is provided with an assembling groove 114 at a position corresponding to the implant 104; step S303: securing the second fixing holes 116 to correspond to the first fixing holes 121, and securing the fixing plate 112 to the mandible 103 again using the connecting member 106 to secure the implant to the fitting groove 114, and in particular, to bond the fitting groove 114 and the abutment 119 together, thereby securing the abutment 119 and the prosthetic appliance member 102 together; step S304: removing the connecting member 106 and the connecting screw 118, separating the abutment 119 from the implant body 120, removing the prosthetic appliance member 102 from the mandible 103, removing the extension part 115, and removing the extension part 115 by grinding in the actual operation process; in addition, when the extension part 115 is integrally formed on the fixing plate 112 in a manner of easy breaking, the extension part 115 can be detached from the fixing plate 112 in a manner of easy breaking; in addition, when the extension part 115 is fixed on the fixing plate 112 in an inserting manner, the extension part 115 can be directly pulled out from the fixing plate 112; step S305: the prosthetic appliance member 102 with the extension 115 removed is remounted on the mandible 103, and the abutment 119 and the implant body 120 are coupled together using the coupling screw 118, completing the prosthetic appliance restoration.

In summary, the insertion part 111 of the implant guide 110 is inserted into the mounting groove of the bone cutting guide 105, so that the first through hole 107 corresponds to the second through hole 117, the position of the implant guide 110 on the bone cutting guide 105 further corresponds to the preset position, and further, the second fixing hole 116 on the extension part 115 of the fixing plate 112 corresponds to the first fixing hole 121, so that the position of the denture component 102 on the mandible 103 corresponds to the preset position, during the operation, the time for the implant guide component 101 to align with the first fixing hole 121 on the mandible 103 is saved, the time for the denture component 102 to align with the first fixing hole 121 on the mandible 103 is saved, the operation efficiency is improved, and the technical problem that the non-dental implant guide 110 and the mandible 103 cannot be aligned quickly and accurately in the prior art is solved.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application. Moreover, those skilled in the art will appreciate that while some embodiments herein include some features included in other embodiments, rather than other features, combinations of features of different embodiments are meant to be within the scope of the application and form different embodiments.