阅读说明：本技术 一种碳纤维表面上浆剂去除装置及方法 (Device and method for removing sizing agent on surface of carbon fiber ) 是由 单广斌 黄贤滨 刘艳 潘隆 屈定荣 于 2019-10-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种碳纤维表面上浆剂去除装置及方法,属于复合材料技术领域,所述的碳纤维表面上浆剂去除装置包括展纱辊、一次去浆系统、二次去浆和活化系统、控制与显示系统、气源,所述一次去浆系统、二次去浆和活化系统分别与控制与显示系统连接,所述控制与显示系统用于控制一次去浆系统进行纤维束的去浆,及用于控制二次去浆和活化系统进行纤维束的二次去浆与活化。本发明解决现有技术加热不均、容易过热造成纤维损伤和上浆剂去除率不高的问题,并提高纤维表面活性。(The invention discloses a carbon fiber surface sizing agent removing device and a method, belonging to the technical field of composite materials. The invention solves the problems of fiber damage and low removal rate of sizing agent caused by uneven heating and easy overheating in the prior art, and improves the surface activity of the fiber.)

1. A carbon fiber surface sizing agent removing device is characterized in that: including exhibition yarn roller, primary destarch system, secondary destarch and activation system, control and display system, air supply, primary destarch system, secondary destarch and activation system are connected with control and display system respectively, control and display system are used for controlling primary destarch system and carry out the primary destarch of tow to and are used for controlling secondary destarch and activation system and carry out the secondary destarch and the activation of tow.

2. The carbon fiber surface sizing removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the yarn spreading roller comprises a first yarn spreading roller, a second yarn spreading roller and a third yarn spreading roller, a fiber spindle is arranged at the front end of the first yarn spreading roller, and a fiber bundle is located on the fiber spindle.

3. The carbon fiber surface sizing removal device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the primary desizing system is positioned between the first yarn spreading roller and the second yarn spreading roller, and the fiber bundle passes through the second yarn spreading roller after being desized by the primary desizing system.

4. The carbon fiber surface sizing removal device according to claim 3, wherein: the primary pulp removing system is connected with an air source and comprises a heat preservation pipe, a temperature sensor and a hot air supply device, wherein a gas nozzle is arranged on the heat preservation pipe, and high-temperature gas supplied by the hot air supply device is sprayed into the heat preservation pipe through the gas nozzle to heat and disperse fiber bundles in the heat preservation pipe.

5. The carbon fiber surface sizing removal device according to claim 4, wherein: the temperature sensor is arranged at the gas nozzle in the heat-insulating pipe and connected with the control and display system, and transmits the acquired gas temperature at the gas nozzle to the control and display system.

6. The carbon fiber surface sizing removal device according to claim 4, wherein: the gas nozzle includes a plurality of nozzles.

7. The carbon fiber surface sizing removal device according to claim 6, wherein: the gas nozzles are uniformly distributed on the inner side wall of the heat preservation pipe.

8. The carbon fiber surface sizing removal device according to claim 4, wherein: the gas nozzle is a flat nozzle, and an included angle with the fiber bundle is adjustable.

9. The carbon fiber surface sizing removal device according to claim 8, wherein: the included angle between the gas nozzle and the fiber bundle is 30-60 degrees.

10. The carbon fiber surface sizing removal device according to claim 4, wherein: the hot gas supply device comprises a heater, a regulating valve is arranged on a pipeline for connecting the gas source with the heater, the regulating valve and the heater are respectively connected with a control and display system, and the control and display system is used for regulating the opening degree of the regulating valve and controlling the heating temperature of the heater.

11. The carbon fiber surface sizing removal device according to claim 10, wherein: the secondary desizing and activating system is positioned between the second yarn spreading roller and the third yarn spreading roller and is connected with an air source, and the fiber bundle sequentially passes through the second yarn spreading roller, the secondary desizing and activating system and the third yarn spreading roller.

12. The carbon fiber surface sizing removal device according to claim 11, wherein: the secondary desizing and activating system comprises a low-temperature plasma generator and a plasma spray head, the low-temperature plasma generator is connected with an air source, the plasma spray head is installed between the second yarn spreading roller and the third yarn spreading roller, air provided by the air source enters the low-temperature plasma generator, and generated plasma covers the surface of the fiber bundle through the plasma spray head.

13. The carbon fiber surface sizing removal device according to claim 12, wherein: the low-temperature plasma generator is connected with a control and display system, and the control and display system is used for adjusting the gas flow of the low-temperature plasma generator.

14. The carbon fiber surface sizing removal device according to claim 12, wherein: the distance between the plasma spray head and the fiber bundle is 3-8 mm.

15. The carbon fiber surface sizing removal device according to any one of claims 1-14, wherein: the transmission speed of the fiber bundle is 5mm/min-800 mm/min.

16. The carbon fiber surface sizing removal device according to any one of claims 1-14, wherein: the gas source is air or inert gas.

17. The carbon fiber surface sizing removal device according to claim 16, wherein: the air source is air when the temperature is lower than 400 ℃, and is nitrogen when the temperature is higher than 500 ℃.

18. A carbon fiber surface sizing agent removing method, which is carried out by using the carbon fiber surface sizing agent removing apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 13, comprising:

a step of yarn spreading;

a step of primary desizing operation;

secondary desizing and activating operation.

19. A carbon fiber surface sizing agent removing method, which is characterized by being carried out by using the carbon fiber surface sizing agent removing device of any one of claims 10 to 13, and comprising the following specific steps of:

(1) after passing through the first yarn spreading roller, a fiber bundle in the fiber spindle enters the heat preservation pipe, and gas in the gas source enters the heater through the regulating valve;

(2) the control and display system controls the flow rate of the gas by adjusting the opening of the adjusting valve, adjusts the power of the heater by the feedback temperature of the temperature sensor and controls the temperature of the heated gas;

(3) the heated gas enters the heat preservation pipe through the gas nozzle and heats and disperses the fiber bundle through the gas flow;

(4) after passing through the heat preservation pipe, the fiber bundles are further dispersed by a second yarn spreading roller;

(5) gas provided by a gas source enters a low-temperature plasma generator to generate plasma, the plasma is covered on two sides of the fiber bundle through a plasma nozzle, residual sizing agent on the surface is removed, and the surface of the fiber is activated;

(6) and the fiber bundle passes through a third yarn spreading roller to enter the next working procedure.

20. The carbon fiber surface sizing removal method of claim 19, further comprising the step of adjusting the fiber drive speed and the length of heating time by adjusting the rotational speed of the spreader roll.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of composite materials, and particularly relates to a device and a method for removing a carbon fiber surface sizing agent.

Background

Carbon fibers have the characteristics of high strength, large modulus, corrosion resistance, small specific gravity, high temperature resistance and the like which are superior to those of other fiber reinforced materials, so that the carbon fibers are widely applied to a plurality of fields in production and life.

In order to protect the surface of carbon fibers and reduce burrs and cracks, commercial carbon fibers which are generally delivered from factories are subjected to sizing treatment, but the type of sizing agent is not necessarily matched with resin used for next processing, so that the sizing agent needs to be removed.

The patent "a continuous preparation method of carbon fiber with high electric conductivity and high thermal conductivity" (CN107815800A) mentions that the surface sizing agent is removed by the heat generated by electrifying the yarn roller and the carbon fiber and converting the electric energy. The method has uneven heating and is easy to cause local overheating to cause fiber damage. In the design of solving and evaluating the sizing effect of different sizing agents, the patent 'a carbon fiber sizing agent evaluating device and method' (CN108845087A) mentions that an electric heating pipe is used for heating and removing sizing, and aims to realize the evaluation of the effect of different sizing agents on the same ingot of fiber. This method also has problems of easy local overheating and unclean removal of the sizing agent.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a device and a method for removing a sizing agent on the surface of a carbon fiber, which solve the problems of fiber damage and low sizing agent removal rate caused by uneven heating and easy overheating in the prior art and improve the surface activity of the fiber.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

the invention provides a carbon fiber surface sizing agent removing device which comprises a yarn spreading roller, a primary desizing system, a secondary desizing and activating system, a control and display system and an air source, wherein the primary desizing system, the secondary desizing and activating system are respectively connected with the control and display system, and the control and display system is used for controlling the primary desizing system to carry out desizing on a fiber bundle and controlling the secondary desizing and activating system to carry out secondary desizing and activating on the fiber bundle.

Furthermore, the yarn spreading roller comprises a first yarn spreading roller, a second yarn spreading roller and a third yarn spreading roller, a fiber spindle is arranged at the front end of the first yarn spreading roller, and the fiber bundle is located on the fiber spindle.

Furthermore, the primary desizing system is arranged between the first yarn spreading roller and the second yarn spreading roller, and the fiber bundle passes through the second yarn spreading roller after being desized by the primary desizing system.

Further, the primary pulp removing system is connected with an air source and comprises a heat preservation pipe, a temperature sensor and a hot air supply device, a gas nozzle is arranged on the heat preservation pipe, hot air supplied by the hot air supply device is sprayed into the heat preservation pipe through the gas nozzle, and the fiber bundles in the heat preservation pipe are heated and dispersed.

Furthermore, the temperature sensor is arranged at the gas nozzle in the heat preservation pipe and connected with the control and display system, and the collected gas temperature at the gas nozzle is transmitted to the control and display system.

Preferably, the gas nozzle includes a plurality of nozzles.

Preferably, the gas nozzles are uniformly distributed on the inner side wall of the heat preservation pipe.

Preferably, the gas nozzle is a flat nozzle, and an included angle with the fiber bundle is adjustable.

Preferably, the included angle between the gas nozzle and the fiber bundle is 30-60 degrees.

Furthermore, the hot gas supply device comprises a heater, a regulating valve is arranged on a pipeline for connecting the gas source with the heater, the regulating valve and the heater are respectively connected with a control and display system, and the control and display system is used for regulating the opening degree of the regulating valve and controlling the heating temperature of the heater.

Furthermore, the secondary desizing and activating system is positioned between the second yarn spreading roller and the third yarn spreading roller and is connected with an air source, and the fiber bundle sequentially passes through the second yarn spreading roller, the secondary desizing and activating system and the third yarn spreading roller.

Furthermore, the secondary desizing and activating system comprises a low-temperature plasma generator and a plasma spray head, the low-temperature plasma generator is connected with an air source, the plasma spray head is installed between the second yarn spreading roller and the third yarn spreading roller, air provided by the air source enters the low-temperature plasma generator, and generated plasma covers the surface of the fiber bundle through the plasma spray head.

Further, the low-temperature plasma generator is connected with a control and display system, and the control and display system is used for adjusting the gas flow of the low-temperature plasma generator.

Preferably, the distance between the plasma spray head and the fiber bundle is 3-8 mm.

Preferably, the transmission speed of the fiber bundle is 5mm/min-800 mm/min.

Further, the gas source is air or inert gas.

Preferably, the gas source is air at a temperature below 400 ℃ and nitrogen at a temperature above 500 ℃.

Secondly, the invention provides a carbon fiber surface sizing agent removing method, which is carried out by using the carbon fiber surface sizing agent removing device and comprises the following steps:

a step of yarn spreading;

a step of primary desizing operation;

secondary desizing and activating operation.

A method for removing a carbon fiber surface sizing agent comprises the following specific steps:

(1) after passing through the first yarn spreading roller, a fiber bundle in the fiber spindle enters the heat preservation pipe, and gas in the gas source enters the heater through the regulating valve;

(2) the control and display system controls the flow rate of the gas by adjusting the opening of the adjusting valve, adjusts the power of the heater by the feedback temperature of the temperature sensor and controls the temperature of the heated gas;

(3) the heated gas enters the heat preservation pipe through the gas nozzle and heats and disperses the fiber bundle through the gas flow;

(4) after passing through the heat preservation pipe, the fiber bundles are further dispersed by a second yarn spreading roller;

(5) gas provided by a gas source enters a low-temperature plasma generator to generate plasma, the plasma is covered on two sides of the fiber bundle through a plasma nozzle, residual sizing agent on the surface is removed, and the surface of the fiber is activated;

(6) and the fiber bundle passes through a third yarn spreading roller to enter the next working procedure.

Further, the method for removing the sizing agent on the surface of the carbon fiber further comprises the step of adjusting the transmission speed and the heating time length of the fiber by adjusting the rotating speed of the yarn spreading roller.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

(1) the sizing agent is removed by heating with flowing high-temperature gas, the heating is uniform, and the condition of damaging fibers due to overheating is avoided; and when high temperature is needed, inert gas can be used as a gas source to prevent the fiber from being oxidized.

(2) The airflow has the functions of heating and promoting dispersion, the heating is faster and more uniform, volatile matters are taken away in time, and the desizing efficiency is improved.

(3) After the high-temperature gas is subjected to primary desizing, low-temperature plasma beam treatment is added after further yarn spreading, secondary desizing is carried out on the carbon fiber yarns of the spread fibers by using the low-temperature plasma beams, a sizing agent possibly remaining in the middle of the tows is removed, and the surface of the desized fibers is subjected to activation treatment, so that the bonding force between subsequent fibers and resin is facilitated, and the pretreatment is well carried out for the next procedure.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a carbon fiber surface sizing agent removing device according to the present invention.

In the figure, 1 fiber spindle, 2 first yarn-spreading roller, 3 heat preservation pipe, 4 gas source, 5 regulating valve, 6 heater, 7 control and display system, 8 temperature sensor, 9 gas nozzle, 10 second yarn-spreading roller, 11 low temperature plasma generator, 12 plasma spray head, 13 third yarn-spreading roller and 14 fiber bundle.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific embodiments.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, a carbon fiber surface sizing agent removing device comprises a yarn spreading roller, a primary desizing system, a secondary desizing and activating system, a control and display system 7 and an air source 4, wherein the primary desizing system, the secondary desizing and activating system are respectively connected with the control and display system 7, the control and display system 7 is used for controlling the primary desizing system to perform desizing of a fiber bundle, and is used for controlling the secondary desizing and activating system to perform secondary desizing and activating of the fiber bundle.

The yarn spreading roller comprises a first yarn spreading roller 2, a second yarn spreading roller 10 and a third yarn spreading roller 13, a fiber spindle 1 is arranged at the front end of the first yarn spreading roller 2, a fiber bundle 14 is located on the fiber spindle 1, and the fiber bundle 14 is a carbon fiber bundle.

The structure of the primary de-sizing system is described below:

the primary desizing system is arranged between the first yarn spreading roller 2 and the second yarn spreading roller 10, and the fiber bundle 14 passes through the second yarn spreading roller 10 after being desized by the primary desizing system. The primary de-sizing system is connected with an air source 4, and the air source 4 supplies air for the primary de-sizing system.

The primary desizing system comprises a heat-insulating pipe 3, a temperature sensor 8 and a hot gas supply device, wherein a gas nozzle 9 is arranged on the heat-insulating pipe 3, and hot gas supplied by the hot gas supply device is sprayed into the heat-insulating pipe 3 through the gas nozzle 9 to heat and disperse a fiber bundle 14 in the heat-insulating pipe 3.

Wherein, temperature sensor 8 is installed at gas nozzle 9 department in insulating tube 3 to be connected with control and display system 7, transmit the gas temperature of gas nozzle 9 department of gathering to control and display system 7.

As a preferred embodiment, the gas nozzles 9 may be provided in a plurality and uniformly distributed on the inner side wall of the insulating tube 3. And the gas nozzle 9 is preferably a flat nozzle with an adjustable angle with the fiber bundle 14. The angle between the gas nozzle 9 and the fibre bundle 14 is typically 30-60 degrees.

The hot gas supply device comprises a heater 6, a regulating valve 5 is arranged on a pipeline for connecting the gas source 4 with the heater 6, the regulating valve 5 and the heater 6 are respectively connected with a control and display system 7, and the control and display system 7 is used for regulating the opening degree of the regulating valve 5 and controlling the heating temperature of the heater 6.

The structure of the secondary de-sizing and activation system is described below:

the secondary desizing and activating system is positioned between the second yarn spreading roller 10 and the third yarn spreading roller 13 and is connected with the air source 4, and the fiber bundle 14 sequentially passes through the second yarn spreading roller 10, the secondary desizing and activating system and the third yarn spreading roller 13.

The secondary desizing and activating system comprises a low-temperature plasma generator 11 and a plasma spray head 12, the low-temperature plasma generator 11 is connected with a gas source 4, the plasma spray head 12 is installed between a second yarn spreading roller 10 and a third yarn spreading roller 13, gas provided by the gas source 4 enters the low-temperature plasma generator 11, and generated plasma covers the surface of a fiber bundle 14 through the plasma spray head 12. Wherein the distance between the plasma spray head 12 and the fiber bundle 14 is preferably 3-8 mm.

The low-temperature plasma generator 11 is connected with the control and display system 7, and the control and display system 7 is used for adjusting the gas flow of the low-temperature plasma generator 11.

As a preferred embodiment, the gas source used in this embodiment may be air or an inert gas, as desired. The gas source is preferably air below 400 deg.C and nitrogen above 500 deg.C.

The main control parameters of the device in the embodiment during operation are as follows:

(1) the transmission speed of the fiber bundle 14 is 5mm/min to 800 mm/min.

(2) The angle between the gas nozzle 9 and the fibre bundle 14 is typically 30-60 degrees.

(3) The distance between the plasma jet 12 and the fiber bundle 14 is preferably 3-8 mm.

Example 2

The present embodiment provides a method for removing a carbon fiber surface sizing agent, performed by the carbon fiber surface sizing agent removal apparatus described in embodiment 1, including:

a step of yarn spreading;

a step of primary desizing operation;

secondary desizing and activating operation.

Example 3

A method for removing a carbon fiber surface sizing agent, which is performed by using the carbon fiber surface sizing agent removal apparatus described in embodiment 1, comprising the following specific steps:

(1) after passing through the first yarn spreading roller 2, a fiber bundle 14 in the fiber spindle 1 enters the heat preservation pipe 3, and gas in the gas source 4 enters the heater 6 through the regulating valve 5;

(2) the control and display system 7 controls the flow rate of the gas by adjusting the opening of the regulating valve 5, adjusts the power of the heater 6 by the feedback temperature of the temperature sensor 8, and controls the temperature of the heated gas;

(3) the heated gas enters the heat preservation pipe 3 through the gas nozzle 9, and the fiber bundle 14 is heated and dispersed through the gas flow;

(4) after passing through the heat preservation pipe 3, the fiber bundle 14 is further dispersed by a second yarn spreading roller 10;

(5) the gas source 4 provides gas to enter the low-temperature plasma generator 11 to generate plasma, the plasma is covered on two sides of the fiber bundle 14 through the plasma spray head 12, the residual sizing agent on the surface is removed, and the fiber surface is activated;

(6) the fiber bundle 14 passes through the third yarn unwinding roller 13 and enters the next process.

When the sizing agent on the surface of the carbon fiber is removed, the transmission speed and the heating duration of the fiber can be adjusted by adjusting the rotating speed of the yarn spreading roller. The transmission speed of the fiber bundle is 5mm/min-800 mm/min.

Example 4

The method for removing the sizing agent on the surface of the carbon fiber is described in the embodiment by combining the specific operation steps and parameters.

The method comprises the steps of placing a fiber bundle 14 on a fiber spindle 1, enabling the fiber bundle 14 to slowly enter a heat preservation pipe 3 after passing through a first yarn spreading roller 2, setting the opening degree of an adjusting valve 5 to be 60%, selecting a compressed air source, setting the gas temperature to be 400 ℃, selecting a 40 x 1mm narrow spray head as a gas nozzle 9, uniformly distributing the spray heads on the upper side and the lower side of the fiber, setting the number of the spray heads to be 10, and adjusting the included angle between the spray heads and the fiber to be 30 degrees.

The rotating speed of the yarn spreading roller is adjusted, the linear speed of the fiber is controlled to be 30mm/min, the fiber reaches the second yarn spreading roller 10 after being heated and washed by air flow, the air flow of the low-temperature plasma generator 11 is set to be 3L/min, the conical plasma nozzles are arranged on the two sides of the tow, and the distance from the plasma nozzles to the fiber is adjusted to cover the whole tow surface. The residual sizing agent is further removed by low-temperature plasma, and the sizing process is carried out by a third yarn spreading roller 13 after the surface of the fiber is activated.

Example 5

The method for removing the sizing agent on the surface of the carbon fiber is described in the embodiment by combining the specific operation steps and parameters.

The method comprises the steps of placing a fiber bundle 14 on a fiber spindle 1, enabling the fiber bundle 14 to slowly enter a heat preservation pipe 3 after passing through a first yarn spreading roller 2, setting the opening degree of an adjusting valve to be 90%, selecting a nitrogen gas source, setting the gas temperature to be 800 ℃, selecting a 40 x 1mm narrow nozzle as a gas nozzle 9, enabling the nozzles to be uniformly distributed on the upper side and the lower side of the fiber, setting the number of the nozzles to be 10, and adjusting the included angle between the nozzle and the fiber to be 45 degrees.

The rotating speed of the yarn spreading roller is adjusted, the linear speed of the fiber is controlled to be 60mm/min, the fiber reaches the second yarn spreading roller 10 after being heated and washed by air flow, the air flow of the low-temperature plasma generator 11 is set to be 5L/min, the conical plasma nozzles are arranged on the two sides of the tow, and the distance from the plasma nozzles to the fiber is adjusted to cover the whole tow surface. The residual sizing agent is further removed by low-temperature plasma, and the surface of the fiber is activated, and then the sizing process is carried out by a third yarn spreading roller 13.

In conclusion, the invention removes the sizing agent by heating with flowing high-temperature gas, and carries out secondary desizing on the spread carbon fiber yarns by using low-temperature plasma beams and activates the fiber surface. The gas heating is even, can not take place local overtemperature damage carbon fiber, and when needs very high temperature, can use inert gas as the air supply, prevents that the fibre from oxidizing. After the high-temperature gas is subjected to primary desizing, further spreading fibers, removing a sizing agent possibly remained in the middle of the tows by using a low-temperature plasma beam, and activating the desized fiber surfaces to prepare pretreatment for the next procedure.

It is understood that the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and those skilled in the art should understand that they can make various changes, modifications, additions and substitutions within the spirit and scope of the present invention.