阅读说明：本技术 一种高效射吸式液动冲击器 (High-efficiency injection-suction type hydraulic impactor ) 是由 刘晓阳 李博 于 2020-12-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于钻井机械领域,具体涉及一种高效射吸式液动冲击器,包括：上接头、喷嘴、承喷器、限位导向套、活阀、冲击锤杆、外管、下缸套和冲击砧座接头；喷嘴安装于上接头的中心孔内,上接头下部安装于外管上端内,限位导向套安装于外管的上部内孔内,活阀的上部限位台阶悬挂于限位导向套的限位环位置,承喷器的上端安装于限位导向套的上端部内孔中,承喷器的下端导管插入至活阀上端内孔,冲击锤杆的上端安装于限位导向套的下部内孔中；冲击锤杆下端和冲击砧座接头上端均安装在下缸套内,冲击砧座接头上部安装于外管下端内,下缸套安装于外管下部内孔中。本发明能够产生稳定的射吸性能,降低启动流量和工作压力,提高液动冲击器的工作性能。(The invention belongs to the field of drilling machinery, and particularly relates to a high-efficiency injection-suction type hydraulic impactor, which comprises: the device comprises an upper joint, a nozzle, a spray bearing device, a limiting guide sleeve, a movable valve, an impact hammer rod, an outer pipe, a lower cylinder sleeve and an impact anvil joint; the nozzle is arranged in a central hole of the upper joint, the lower part of the upper joint is arranged in the upper end of the outer pipe, the limiting guide sleeve is arranged in an inner hole of the upper part of the outer pipe, an upper limiting step of the movable valve is suspended at the position of a limiting ring of the limiting guide sleeve, the upper end of the spray bearing device is arranged in an inner hole of the upper end part of the limiting guide sleeve, a lower end guide pipe of the spray bearing device is inserted into an inner hole of the upper end of the movable valve, and the upper end of the impact hammer rod is arranged in an inner; the lower end of the impact hammer rod and the upper end of the impact anvil block joint are both arranged in the lower cylinder sleeve, the upper part of the impact anvil block joint is arranged in the lower end of the outer tube, and the lower cylinder sleeve is arranged in an inner hole in the lower part of the outer tube. The invention can generate stable ejection and suction performance, reduce the starting flow and the working pressure and improve the working performance of the hydraulic impactor.)

1. An efficient ejector-suction hydraulic impactor, characterized in that the impactor comprises: the device comprises an upper joint (1), a nozzle (2), a spray bearing device (3), a limiting guide sleeve (4), a movable valve (5), an impact hammer rod (6), an outer pipe (7), a lower cylinder sleeve (8) and an impact anvil joint (9); the nozzle (2) is arranged in a central hole of the upper joint (1), the lower end of the outer side of the nozzle (2) is provided with a limiting step, and the nozzle (2) is limited and fixed through the limiting step in the central hole of the upper joint (1);

the lower part of the upper joint (1) is arranged in the upper end of the outer pipe (7), and the lower part of the upper joint (1) is connected with the upper end of the outer pipe (7) in a matching way; an upper inner hole and an upper inner hole limiting step are arranged at the upper part of the outer tube (7), the limiting guide sleeve (4) is arranged in the upper inner hole of the outer tube (7) and is limited and fixed through the upper inner hole limiting step of the outer tube (7), and the outer surface of the limiting guide sleeve (4) is in sliding sealing fit with the surface of the inner hole of the outer tube (7); a limiting ring with a central hole is designed in the middle of the limiting guide sleeve (4), the movable valve (5) is arranged in the central hole of the limiting ring of the limiting guide sleeve (4), and the upper limiting step of the movable valve (5) is hung at the position of the limiting ring of the limiting guide sleeve (4); the upper end of the spray bearing device (3) is installed in an upper end inner hole of the limiting guide sleeve (4), the upper end of the spray bearing device (3) is in clearance fit with the upper end inner hole of the limiting guide sleeve (4), the lower surface of the upper end of the spray bearing device (3) is limited by an upper inner hole step of the limiting guide sleeve (4), the upper end surface of the spray bearing device (3) is limited by the lower end surface of the upper connector (1), and the upper end surface of the spray bearing device (3) is flush with the upper end surface of the limiting guide sleeve (4); a lower end guide pipe of the spray nozzle bearing device (3) is inserted into an inner hole at the upper end of the movable valve (5), and the outer surface of the spray nozzle bearing device (3) is in sliding sealing fit with the inner hole of the movable valve (5);

the upper end of the impact hammer rod (6) is arranged in an inner hole at the lower part of the limiting guide sleeve (4), and the impact hammer rod (6) is in sliding sealing fit with the limiting guide sleeve (4); a through hole (15) is formed in the center of the impact hammer rod (6), an inner boring hole is formed in the through hole (15) of the impact hammer rod (6), the lower portion of the movable valve (5) is inserted into the inner boring hole of the impact hammer rod (6), and an annular space (13) is formed by the outer circular surface of the movable valve (5) and the inner boring hole in the upper end of the impact hammer rod (6);

the lower end of the impact hammer rod (6) and the upper end of the impact anvil block joint (9) are both arranged in the lower cylinder sleeve (8), and the excircle of the lower end of the impact hammer rod (6) is in sliding sealing fit with the inner hole of the lower cylinder sleeve (8); the upper end of the impact anvil block joint (9) is in clearance fit with an inner hole of the lower cylinder sleeve (8); the upper part of an impact anvil block joint (9) is arranged in the lower end of the outer pipe (7), the upper part of the impact anvil block joint (9) is connected with the lower end of the outer pipe (7) in a matching way, the lower part of the outer pipe (7) is provided with a lower inner hole and a lower limiting step, a lower cylinder sleeve (8) is arranged in the lower inner hole of the outer pipe (7), and the excircle of the lower cylinder sleeve (8) is in clearance fit with the lower inner hole of the outer pipe (7; the lower cylinder sleeve (8) is limited up and down by the step of the inner hole at the lower part of the outer tube (7) and the step of the impact anvil block joint (9).

2. The efficient jet-suction type hydraulic impactor according to claim 1 is characterized in that an inner counter bore (10) is formed in the lower end face of the upper connector (1), and a cavity space is formed between the inner counter bore (10) and the jet bearing device 3.

3. The high-efficiency jet-suction type hydraulic impactor according to claim 1, wherein the upper part of the jet holder (3) is uniformly provided with water through holes (11) which are communicated up and down in the circumferential direction.

4. The efficient injection-suction type hydraulic impactor according to claim 1, wherein an upper cavity and a lower cavity are arranged in the middle inner hole of the limiting guide sleeve (4) at intervals, a longitudinal water trough (12) is machined on the outer surface of the limiting guide sleeve (4) along the circumference, and the water trough (12) is communicated with the upper cavity and the lower cavity.

5. The high-efficiency ejector-suction hydraulic impactor according to claim 1, wherein the movable valve (5) is provided with a closed-bottom inner hole in the center and a water outlet hole (14) in the lateral direction at the lower end.

6. The high-efficiency jet-suction type hydraulic impactor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lower part of the impact hammer rod (6) is provided with a lateral water hole (16), and the contact surface of the bottom part and the upper anvil of the impact anvil joint (9) is provided with a diversion groove (17).

7. The high-efficiency jet-suction type hydraulic impactor according to claim 1, wherein the nozzle (2) is installed in a central hole of the upper connector (1) through interference fit.

8. The high-efficiency ejector-suction type hydraulic impactor according to claim 1, wherein the lower part of the upper joint (1) is in threaded fit connection with the upper end of the outer pipe (7).

9. The high-efficiency injection-suction type hydraulic impactor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper part of the impact anvil connector (9) is connected with the lower end of the outer pipe (7) through thread fit.

10. The high-efficiency jet-suction type hydraulic impactor according to claim 1 is characterized in that the taper of the inner hole at the upper end of the central hole of the nozzle (2) is 0-150 degrees, and the diameter of the inner hole at the lower end of the central hole is 1.5-50 mm.

11. The high-efficiency jet-suction type hydraulic impactor according to claim 2 is characterized in that the depth of the inner counter bore (10) is 1 mm-20 mm.

12. The high-efficiency ejector-suction hydraulic impactor according to claim 6, wherein the depth of the guide groove (17) is 1.5 mm-10 mm.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of drilling machinery, and particularly relates to a high-efficiency jet-suction type hydraulic impactor.

Background

The hydraulic impactor is mounted on a rotary drilling tool and is used as an auxiliary rock crushing tool, and the hydraulic impactor is widely applied to the fields of drilling and well drilling, including the fields of geological mineral resource drilling, oil well drilling, shale gas well drilling, coal bed gas well drilling, hydrographic water well drilling, engineering construction and the like. The drilling efficiency is improved, the core sampling rate is improved, the blocking of the drilling tool on the broken rock stratum is prevented, the service life of the drill bit is prolonged, and the deviation of the drilled hole is controlled.

The movable valve and the impact hammer of the jet-suction type hydraulic impactor are driven to move upwards mainly by virtue of the winding suction force generated by the nozzle, the hammer valve is used for instantly cutting off a water channel to generate a water hammer effect to push the impact hammer piston to move downwards to strike the anvil when the hammer is in an upper position, impact energy is generated by high-speed impact of the impact hammer on the anvil, periodic impact load is applied to the drill bit, and the impact and rotary crushing of rock are realized. Compared with other hydraulic impacters, the hydraulic impacter has the advantages of no spring device, simple structure, few easily-damaged parts and good back pressure resistance.

In the conventional injection and suction valve control mechanism of the injection and suction type hydraulic impactor, liquid generates high-speed liquid flow through a nozzle, and the upper end of a movable valve or an impact hammer is used as a spray bearing element in both sleeve valve type and core valve type structures. Therefore, the movable valve and the impact hammer of the conventional hydraulic impactor are both an injection element and an actuating element. The structure has the following defects: when the impactor is started, the movable valve and the impact hammer are both positioned at the lower position, the jet bearing distance between the nozzle and the jet bearing port is the maximum position, and the requirement of the impactor for the large nozzle jet speed during starting is determined, so that the diameter processing size of the nozzle hole is required to be small, the large initial starting flow is required, and the starting pressure is large. In the up-and-down movement process of the movable valve and the impact hammer, the jetting distance from the movable valve and the impact hammer to the nozzle is dynamically changed all the time, the jetting and sucking force is also dynamically changed, and the jetting and sucking performance is not in a stable state, so that the stability of the overall performance of the impactor is influenced. The parameters of the jetting and sucking structure dynamically change along with the movement of the part, so that the jetting and sucking force dynamically changes, and the problems of unstable impact frequency, reduced power, low water energy utilization rate, reduced working performance of an impactor and the like are caused. The main reason for the restriction that the injection-suction type hydraulic impactor is not popularized and applied in the field of geological core drilling for decades.

Therefore, a novel injection-suction type hydraulic impactor is urgently needed to be developed, the defects of the existing injection-suction type hydraulic impactor can be overcome, and the novel injection-suction type hydraulic impactor is widely applied to the field of geological core drilling.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of large starting flow, high starting and working pressure, unstable performance and low energy utilization rate of an injection-suction type hydraulic impactor in the prior art, and provides a high-efficiency injection-suction type hydraulic impactor.

The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:

a high efficiency, shoot and suck hydraulic impactor, said impactor comprising: the device comprises an upper joint, a nozzle, a spray bearing device, a limiting guide sleeve, a movable valve, an impact hammer rod, an outer pipe, a lower cylinder sleeve and an impact anvil joint; the nozzle is arranged in a central hole of the upper joint, the lower end of the outer side of the nozzle is provided with a limiting step, and the nozzle is limited and fixed through the limiting step in the central hole of the upper joint;

the lower part of the upper joint is arranged in the upper end of the outer pipe, and the lower part of the upper joint is connected with the upper end of the outer pipe in a matching way; the upper part of the outer tube is provided with an upper inner hole and an upper inner hole limiting step, the limiting guide sleeve is arranged in the upper inner hole of the outer tube and is limited and fixed through the upper inner hole limiting step of the outer tube, and the outer surface of the limiting guide sleeve is in sliding sealing fit with the surface of the inner hole of the outer tube; the middle part of the limiting guide sleeve is provided with a limiting ring with a central hole, the movable valve is arranged in the central hole of the limiting ring of the limiting guide sleeve, and the upper limiting step of the movable valve is suspended at the position of the limiting ring of the limiting guide sleeve;

the upper end of the spray bearing device is arranged in an inner hole at the upper end part of the limiting guide sleeve, the upper end of the spray bearing device is in clearance fit with the inner hole at the upper end part of the limiting guide sleeve, the lower surface of the upper end of the spray bearing device is limited by an upper inner hole step of the limiting guide sleeve, the upper end surface of the spray bearing device is limited by the lower end surface of the upper connector, and the upper end surface of the spray bearing device is flush with the upper end surface of the limiting guide sleeve; a conduit at the lower end of the spray nozzle is inserted into an inner hole at the upper end of the movable valve, and the outer surface of the spray nozzle is in sliding sealing fit with the inner hole of the movable valve;

the upper end of the impact hammer rod is arranged in an inner hole at the lower part of the limiting guide sleeve, and the impact hammer rod is in sliding sealing fit with the limiting guide sleeve; the center of the impact hammer rod is provided with a through hole, the through hole of the impact hammer rod is provided with an inner boring hole, the lower part of the movable valve is inserted into the inner boring hole of the impact hammer rod, and an annular space is formed by the outer circular surface of the movable valve and the inner boring hole at the upper end of the impact hammer rod;

the lower end of the impact hammer rod and the upper end of the impact anvil block joint are both arranged in the lower cylinder sleeve, and the excircle of the lower end of the impact hammer rod is in sliding sealing fit with the inner hole of the lower cylinder sleeve; the upper end of the impact anvil block joint is in clearance fit with the inner hole of the lower cylinder sleeve; the upper part of the impact anvil block joint is arranged in the lower end of the outer pipe, the upper part of the impact anvil block joint is connected with the lower end of the outer pipe in a matching way, the lower part of the outer pipe is provided with a lower inner hole and a lower limiting step, the lower cylinder sleeve is arranged in the lower inner hole of the outer pipe, and the excircle of the lower cylinder sleeve is in clearance fit with the lower inner hole of the outer; the lower cylinder sleeve is limited up and down by the step of the inner hole at the lower part of the outer tube and the step of the impact anvil block joint.

Furthermore, an inner counter bore is formed in the lower end face of the upper connector, and a cavity space is formed between the inner counter bore and the jet bearing device.

Furthermore, the upper part of the spray nozzle is uniformly provided with water through holes which are communicated up and down in the circumferential direction.

Furthermore, an upper cavity and a lower cavity are arranged in the middle of the inner hole of the limiting guide sleeve at intervals, a longitudinal water passing groove is machined on the outer surface of the limiting guide sleeve along the circumference, and the water passing groove is communicated with the upper cavity and the lower cavity.

Furthermore, the center of the movable valve is provided with an inner hole with a closed bottom, and the lower end of the movable valve is laterally provided with a water outlet hole.

Furthermore, a lateral water hole is formed in the lower portion of the impact hammer rod, and a diversion groove is formed in the contact surface of the bottom of the impact hammer rod and an anvil block on the upper portion of the impact anvil block joint.

Further, the nozzle is installed in the central hole of the upper connector through interference fit.

Further, the lower part of the upper joint is connected with the upper end of the outer pipe in a threaded fit mode.

Further, the upper part of the impact anvil joint is connected with the lower end of the outer pipe through thread matching.

Furthermore, the taper of the inner hole at the upper end of the central hole of the nozzle is 0-150 degrees, and the diameter of the inner hole at the lower end of the central hole is 1.5-50 mm.

Further, the depth of the inner counter bore is 1 mm-20 mm.

Furthermore, the depth of the flow guide groove is 1.5 mm-10 mm.

The invention has the beneficial technical effects that:

1. the invention provides a high-efficiency jet-suction type hydraulic impactor, wherein a fixed jet-suction unit consisting of an upper joint, a nozzle, a jet-bearing element and a limiting guide sleeve is arranged in the impactor; the fixed injection and suction unit has fixed injection and suction structure parameters, generates relatively constant injection and suction force under the condition of certain flow and pressure input, and has stable injection and suction performance; the fixed injection and suction unit generates stable entrainment negative pressure, so that pressure difference generated by the upper and lower stress surfaces of the movable valve and the impact hammer is more stable than that of the conventional injection and suction impactor.

2. The fixed injection and suction unit of the high-efficiency injection and suction type hydraulic impactor provided by the invention is a special injection and suction unit, and the movable valve and the impact hammer are special execution units, so that the fixed injection and suction unit is different from the structure that the valve and the impact hammer of the conventional injection and suction type hydraulic impactor are both injection and suction elements and execution elements, and the energy utilization rate and the working efficiency can be effectively improved.

3. The fixed injection and suction unit of the high-efficiency injection and suction type hydraulic impactor can generate injection effect when small flow is input, can reduce starting flow and working pressure, and enables the impactor to have good working performance under the condition of low flow; the fixed injection and suction impacter in the form of the injection and suction unit has the advantages of simpler structure, more reliable working performance and more convenient use and maintenance.

4. The high-efficiency injection-suction type hydraulic impactor provided by the invention improves the injection-suction performance of the hydraulic impactor, improves the water energy utilization rate and the working performance of the hydraulic impactor, ensures the working reliability of the impactor, and widens the application range of the impactor under the condition of a small-flow working condition.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic axial sectional structure view of a high-efficiency injection-suction type hydraulic impactor provided by the invention;

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is a sectional view along B-B in fig. 1.

In the figure: 1. an upper joint; 2. a nozzle; 3. a spray bearing device; 4. a limiting guide sleeve; 5. a live valve; 6. a hammer rod is impacted; 7. an outer tube; 8. a lower cylinder liner; 9. impacting the anvil joint; 10. an inner counter bore; 11. a water through hole; 12. a longitudinal water trough; 13. an annular space; 14. a water outlet hole; 15. a through hole; 16. a lateral water hole; 17. and a diversion trench.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

As shown in figure 1, the high-efficiency jet-suction type hydraulic impactor provided by the invention comprises an upper connector 1, a nozzle 2, a jet bearing device 3, a limiting guide sleeve 4, a movable valve 5, an impact hammer rod 6, an outer pipe 7, a lower cylinder sleeve 8 and an impact anvil connector 9. The lower end face of the upper joint 1 is provided with an inner counter bore 10 with the depth of 1 mm-20 mm, and a cavity space is formed between the inner counter bore 10 and the jet bearing device 3. The upper part of the upper joint 1 is connected with a drill rod through threads, the nozzle 2 is pressed into a central hole of the upper joint 1 through interference fit, the lower end of the outer side of the nozzle 2 is provided with a limit step, the limit step in the central hole of the upper joint 1 is limited and fixed, the taper of an inner taper hole in the upper part of the nozzle 2 ranges from 0 degree to 150 degrees, and the diameter of an inner hole in the lower end ranges from 1.5mm to 50 mm.

The lower part of the upper joint 1 is arranged in the upper end of the outer pipe 7, and the lower part of the upper joint 1 is in rigid fit connection with the upper end of the outer pipe 7 through threads. The lower part of the connecting thread of the outer tube 7 is provided with an upper inner hole and an upper limiting step which are concentric with the thread size, the upper inner hole of the outer tube 7 is arranged in the limiting guide sleeve 4 from the upper opening of the outer tube 7, the limiting guide sleeve 4 is positioned through the upper limiting step of the outer tube 7, and the outer surface of the limiting guide sleeve 4 is arranged in a sliding sealing fit with the surface of the inner hole of the outer tube 7.

As shown in fig. 3, an upper cavity and a lower cavity are arranged in the middle inner hole of the limiting guide sleeve 4 at intervals, a longitudinal water passing groove 12 is arranged on the outer surface of the limiting guide sleeve 4 along the circumference, and the longitudinal water passing groove 12 is communicated with the upper cavity and the lower cavity. Under the condition that the upper joint 1 and the outer pipe 7 are screwed by threads, the lower end face of the upper joint 1 just props up the upper end faces of the limiting guide sleeve 4 and the spray nozzle bearing device 3, and the limiting and fixing effects are achieved.

The middle part of the limiting guide sleeve is provided with a limiting ring with a central hole, the upper end face of the limiting ring is 10-100 mm away from the upper end face of the limiting guide sleeve, the movable valve is arranged in the central hole of the limiting ring of the limiting guide sleeve, and the upper limiting step of the movable valve is suspended at the position of the limiting ring of the limiting guide sleeve. The center of the movable valve 5 is provided with an inner hole for water passing, the bottom of the movable valve is sealed and watertight, the upper part of the movable valve is provided with a limiting step, and the lower end of the movable valve is laterally provided with a water outlet hole 14.

The upper end of holding the sprayer 3 is installed in the upper end hole of spacing uide bushing 4, the upper end of holding the sprayer 3 and the upper end hole clearance fit of spacing uide bushing 4, fit clearance 0.03mm ~ 0.10mm, the lower surface of the upper end of holding the sprayer 3 is spacing by the upper portion hole step of spacing uide bushing 4, the up end of holding the sprayer 3 is spacing by the lower terminal surface of top connection 1, the up end of holding the sprayer 3 and the up end parallel and level of spacing uide bushing 4.

The lower end guide pipe of the spray nozzle bearing device 3 is inserted into an inner hole at the upper end of the movable valve 5, the spray nozzle bearing device 3 is in sliding sealing fit with the movable valve 5, the fit clearance is 0.05 mm-0.15 mm, and the movable valve 5 can slide up and down along the outer surface of the lower end guide pipe of the spray nozzle bearing device 3. As shown in fig. 2, the water passage holes 11 are uniformly formed in the circumferential direction of the upper portion of the spray cup 3 so as to communicate vertically.

The upper end of the impact hammer rod 6 is arranged in an inner hole at the lower part of the limiting guide sleeve 4, the impact hammer rod 6 is in sliding sealing fit with the limiting guide sleeve 4, and the fit clearance is 0.05-0.15 mm. The center of the impact hammer rod 6 is provided with a through hole 15, the through hole 15 of the impact hammer rod 6 is provided with an inner boring hole, the lower part of the movable valve 5 is inserted into the inner boring hole of the impact hammer rod 6, and the outer circular surface of the movable valve 5 and the inner boring hole at the upper end of the impact hammer rod 6 form an annular space 13. The lower part of the impact hammer rod 6 is provided with a lateral water hole 16, the contact surface of the bottom and the upper anvil of the impact anvil joint 9 is provided with a guide groove 17, and the depth of the guide groove is 1.5 mm-10 mm.

The lower end of the impact hammer rod 6 and the upper end of the impact anvil block joint 9 are both arranged in the lower cylinder sleeve 8, the excircle of the lower end of the impact hammer rod 6 is in sliding sealing fit with the inner hole of the lower cylinder sleeve 8, the fit clearance is 0.05-0.15 mm, the upper end of the impact anvil block joint 9 is in clearance fit with the inner hole of the lower cylinder sleeve 8, and the fit clearance is 0.05-0.10 mm.

The upper part of the impact anvil joint 9 is arranged in the lower end of the outer pipe 7, the lower end of the outer pipe 7 is connected with the upper part of the impact anvil joint 9 through thread matching, and the lower part of the impact anvil joint 9 is connected with a drill bit or a drilling tool. The lower part of the outer tube 7 is processed with a lower inner hole concentric with the thread size and diameter and a lower limiting step, the lower cylinder sleeve 8 is installed in the lower inner hole of the outer tube 7, the excircle of the lower cylinder sleeve 8 is in clearance fit with the lower inner hole of the outer tube 7, the fit clearance is 0.05 mm-0.10 mm, and the lower cylinder sleeve 8 is positioned up and down by the lower inner hole step of the outer tube 7 and the step of the impact anvil block joint 9.

The working process of the high-efficiency injection-suction type hydraulic impactor provided by the invention comprises the following steps:

fig. 1 shows the initial working state of the high-efficiency injection-suction type hydraulic impactor provided by the invention, the upper limit step of the flapper 5 is suspended at the position of the limit ring of the limit guide sleeve 4, the lower end face of the flapper 5 and the upper end face of the central through hole 15 of the impact hammer rod 6 have a free stroke distance H (H is 2 mm-60 mm), and the distance between the upper end face of the flapper 5 and the upper lower plane of the jet bearing device 3 is the flapper stroke H (H is 5 mm-100 mm). Fluid passes through an inner hole channel of a drill string of the hydraulic impactor, passes through a central hole of the upper joint 1, and passes through a central hole of the nozzle 2 to generate high-speed flow beams, and the high-speed flow beams pass through a cavity space formed between an inner counter bore 10 of the upper joint 1 and the jet bearing device 3 and enter an inner hole of the movable valve 5 through an upper opening and the central hole of the jet bearing device 3 to form diffusion. When the high-speed flow beam passes through a cavity space formed between the upper joint 1 and the spray bearing device 3, the flow speed difference exists between the high-speed flow beam and the surrounding fluid, so that the pressure of the liquid in the cavity space is reduced, the liquid outside the cavity and the liquid in the cavity form a pressure difference, the liquid outside the cavity is sucked into the cavity space through the water through hole 11 in the upper part of the spray bearing device under the action of the pressure difference, and the high-speed flow discharged by the nozzle 2 is carried to enter the inner hole of the movable valve 5 through the central hole of the spray bearing device 3. The liquid flow enters an inner hole of the movable valve 5, flows out through a water outlet hole 14 at the lower part of the movable valve 5, passes through a free stroke gap h between the lower end face of the movable valve 5 and the upper end face of the impact hammer rod 6, enters the lower cylinder sleeve 8 through a through hole 15 of the impact hammer rod 6, enters a drill bit or a drill tool joint through a central hole of the impact anvil block joint 9, and when the fluid returns upwards through the outer ring space of the drill bit or the drill tool, the annular resistance can generate throttling action.

The upper joint 1, the nozzle 2, the spray bearing device 3 and the limiting guide sleeve 4 form an ejection and suction unit with fixed structural parameters, high-speed fluid flowing out of the nozzle 2 continuously sucks fluid flow, a cavity space formed between the inner counter bore 10 of the upper joint 1 and the spray bearing device 3 is communicated with an upper cavity of the limiting guide sleeve 4 through water through holes 11 circumferentially distributed on the upper part of the spray bearing device 3, and an upper cavity and a lower cavity of the limiting guide sleeve 4 are communicated through a circumferential longitudinal water through groove 12 of the limiting guide sleeve 4. The cavity space formed between the inner counter bore 10 of the upper joint 1 and the jet bearing device 3, the upper cavity of the limiting guide sleeve 4 and the lower cavity are low-pressure areas, and pressure difference is formed between the upper end and the lower end of the movable valve 5 and the impact hammer rod 6. Because the mass of the movable valve 5 is far smaller than that of the impact hammer rod 6, the movable valve 5 moves upwards before the impact hammer rod 5 under the action of entrainment pressure difference, when the movable valve moves upwards to the limiting surface of the spray nozzle bearing device 3, the movable valve 5 stops moving, and the stroke length is H; then, the impact hammer rod 6 moves upwards under the action of pressure difference, when the impact hammer rod 6 moves to the position that the upper end face of the through hole 15 of the impact hammer rod 6 collides with the lower end face of the movable valve 5, the movable valve 5 is attached to the upper end face of the through hole 15 of the impact hammer rod 6 in a sealing state, the movable valve 5 is cut off by a liquid flow channel flowing through the center of the impact hammer rod 6 through a free stroke h, the fluid pressure of a cavity space, an upper cavity and a lower cavity of the limiting guide sleeve 4, which are formed between the inner counter bore 10 of the upper joint 1 and the spray receiver 3 inside the movable valve 5, is suddenly increased (water hammer effect), and because the central water channel is instantly cut off, the generated huge water hammer pressure forces the movable valve 5 and the impact hammer rod.

When the movable valve 5 and the impact hammer rod 6 move downwards to the limiting position of the limiting guide sleeve 4, the limiting ring of the limiting guide sleeve 4 is hung on the upper limiting step of the movable valve 5, and the movable valve 5 is prevented from moving downwards continuously. The impact hammer rod 6 continues to move downwards under the action of inertia force, the upper end face of the through hole 15 of the impact hammer rod 6 is separated from the lower end face of the movable valve 5, the free stroke h is completed, the bottom of the impact hammer rod 6 strikes the anvil seat face of the impact anvil block joint 9, and striking force is transmitted to a drilling tool or a drill bit connected with the hydraulic impactor through the impact anvil block joint 9 to perform rock breaking work. At the moment, because the upper end surface of the channel 15 of the impact hammer rod 6 is separated from the lower end surface of the movable valve 5 by a certain distance h, the central water path of the hydraulic impactor is opened again, the movable valve 5 and the impact hammer rod 6 start to move in a return way and start the next working cycle in a cycle, and the impact hammer rod 6 strikes the anvil seat surface of the impact anvil joint 9 with certain frequency and impact power and transmits the impact power to a drilling tool or a drill bit connected with the hydraulic impactor through a transmission device to perform rock crushing work.

The fixed injection and suction unit is composed of the upper joint 1, the nozzle 2, the spray bearing device 3 and the limiting guide sleeve 4, and has the characteristic of fixed injection and suction structural parameters, the fixed injection and suction unit is a special injection and suction function execution mechanism, the movable valve 5 and the impact hammer rod 6 are special execution elements, the situation that the movable valve and the impact hammer of a conventional injection and suction type hydraulic impactor are both injection and suction elements and execution elements is changed, and the technical defects that the conventional injection and suction type hydraulic impactor needs larger working flow, the energy utilization rate is low, the starting flow is large, the pump pressure is high, the performance is unstable and the like are overcome. The hydraulic energy utilization rate is improved, the working flow and the pressure of the impactor are reduced, the working flow range of the jet-suction type hydraulic impactor is widened, the jet-suction type hydraulic impactor can also exert better performance under the working condition of low flow, and the working stability of the hydraulic impactor is improved.

The present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings and examples, but the present invention is not limited to the examples, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention. The prior art can be adopted in the content which is not described in detail in the invention.