阅读说明：本技术 双列多级串联式磁制冷机的制冷仓及其制冷制热方法 (Refrigerating bin of double-row multistage tandem type magnetic refrigerator and refrigerating and heating method thereof ) 是由 李兆杰 程娟 张英德 刘翠兰 黄焦宏 金培育 王强 戴默涵 郭亚茹 于 2020-12-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种双列多级串联式磁制冷机的制冷仓,包括：磁场系统、工质床、动力装置,工质床包括：第一工质床和第二工质床,磁场系统括：多个磁场单体,磁场单体之间留有间隙,磁场单体分成两组分别安装在第一工质床和第二工质床的外侧；两组磁场单体分别固定在两个底座上,底座设有齿轮槽；工质床为密闭结构,多个磁工质分为两组分别固定在第一工质床和第二工质床内部,磁工质之间留有间隙；动力装置包括：电机、减速机和齿轮,齿轮与齿轮槽相啮合,用于带动底座移动。本发明还公开了一种制冷仓的制冷制热方法。本发明应用在双列多级串联式磁制冷机,实现了磁热效应最大化,大大提高了磁制冷工作效率。(The invention discloses a refrigerating bin of a double-row multistage tandem type magnetic refrigerator, which comprises: magnetic field system, working medium bed, power device, the working medium bed includes: first working medium bed and second working medium bed, the magnetic field system includes: the magnetic field single bodies are divided into two groups and are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the first working medium bed and the second working medium bed; the two groups of magnetic field single bodies are respectively fixed on the two bases, and the bases are provided with gear grooves; the working medium bed is of a closed structure, a plurality of magnetic working media are divided into two groups and are respectively fixed in the first working medium bed and the second working medium bed, and gaps are reserved between the magnetic working media; the power device comprises: the motor, speed reducer and gear, gear and gear groove mesh mutually for drive the base and remove. The invention also discloses a refrigerating and heating method of the refrigerating bin. The invention is applied to the double-row multistage tandem type magnetic refrigerator, realizes the maximization of the magnetocaloric effect and greatly improves the working efficiency of magnetic refrigeration.)

1. A refrigerating bin of a double-row multistage tandem type magnetic refrigerator is characterized by comprising: magnetic field system, working medium bed, power device, the working medium bed includes: first working medium bed and second working medium bed, the magnetic field system includes: the magnetic field single bodies are divided into two groups and are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the first working medium bed and the second working medium bed; the two groups of magnetic field single bodies are respectively fixed on the two bases, and the bases are provided with gear grooves; the working medium bed is of a closed structure, a plurality of magnetic working media are divided into two groups and are respectively fixed in the first working medium bed and the second working medium bed, and gaps are reserved between the magnetic working media; the power device comprises: the motor, speed reducer and gear, gear and gear groove mesh mutually for drive the base and remove.

2. The refrigerating bin of a double-row multistage tandem type magnetic refrigerator as claimed in claim 1, wherein flanges are welded to both ends of the working medium bed, the flanges are provided with filter screens, a support plate is connected to the outer sides of the flanges, and the bottom of the support plate is fixed to the refrigerating bin.

3. The refrigerating bin of a double row multistage tandem type magnetic refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic medium is a rare earth wire or a rare earth alloy wire, and the diameter is 0.1mm to 1 mm.

4. The refrigerating bin of a double-row multistage tandem type magnetic refrigerator according to claim 1, further comprising: the diode refrigeration piece is used for controlling the initial temperature of the refrigeration bin and is provided with a temperature sensor, and the programmable controller is connected with the temperature sensor through a lead and is used for collecting data.

5. A refrigerating and heating method of a refrigerating chamber as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein when the second working medium bed is refrigerating and the first working medium bed is heating, the programmable controller controls the motors corresponding to the first working medium bed and the second working medium bed to start, the speed reducer is matched with the gear to drive the magnetic field monomer outside the second working medium bed to move, the relative position of the magnetic working medium of the second working medium bed is moved from the magnetic field position to the gap position, and the temperature of the magnetic working medium is reduced under the action of demagnetization; the relative position of the magnetic working medium of the first working medium bed is moved to the magnetic field position from the gap position, and the temperature of the magnetic working medium is increased under the magnetizing action.

6. A refrigerating and heating method for a refrigerating chamber as recited in claim 5, wherein when the second working medium bed heats and the first working medium bed refrigerates, the relative position of the magnetic working medium of the second working medium bed is moved from the gap position to the magnetic field position, and the temperature of the magnetic working medium is raised by magnetizing; the relative position of the magnetic working medium of the first working medium bed is moved from the magnetic field position to the gap position, and the temperature of the magnetic working medium is reduced under the demagnetization effect.

7. A refrigerating and heating method for a refrigerating chamber as recited in claim 5 wherein the programmable controller controls the expansion and contraction frequency of the power unit simultaneously to control the timing of the entrance or exit of the magnetic medium into or out of the magnetic field.

8. A refrigerating and heating method for a refrigerating chamber as claimed in claim 5, wherein the programmable controller controls the magnetic field of the magnetic field unit to which the working medium bed repeatedly enters and exits, the magnetic working medium repeatedly magnetizes and demagnetizes, and the magnetic working medium realizes continuous refrigeration and heating by changing the temperature of the heat exchange fluid.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of room temperature magnetic refrigeration, in particular to a refrigerating bin of a double-row multistage tandem type magnetic refrigerator and a refrigerating and heating method thereof.

Background

At present, the traditional compression refrigeration can cause damage to the ozone layer, and can indirectly cause the change of the living environment of human beings. Gas compression refrigeration uses a fluorine-free refrigerant, such as R410, according to the montreal protocol and the kyoto protocol. Although the new refrigerant no longer has an adverse effect on ozone, the new refrigerant can cause a greenhouse effect and still destroy the natural environment.

In the traditional compressed gas refrigeration, refrigerant is compressed by a compressor in an isentropic manner, then enters a condenser for cooling, enters a throttle valve, finally exits the throttle valve and enters an evaporator, and the refrigerant circularly works according to the principle that four parts of the whole thermodynamic cycle are completed when the refrigerant passes through different mechanical parts. The thermodynamic cycle of room temperature magnetic field refrigeration is completed in the heat accumulator, the refrigerant, namely the magnetic working medium, is not moved, and the thermodynamic cycle can be completed only by the change of the magnetic field intensity, so that the thermal fluid circulation system for magnetic field refrigeration greatly improves the refrigeration working efficiency.

However, the traditional magnetic refrigeration method has a complex mechanical structure, and the demagnetization of the magnetic working medium in the room-temperature magnetic field refrigeration is incomplete, so that the magnetocaloric effect is incomplete.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a refrigerating bin of a double-row multistage tandem type magnetic refrigerator and a refrigerating and heating method thereof, which are applied to the double-row multistage tandem type magnetic refrigerator, realize the maximization of a magnetocaloric effect and greatly improve the working efficiency of magnetic refrigeration.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

refrigeration storehouse of multistage tandem type magnetic refrigerator of biserial, its characterized in that includes: magnetic field system, working medium bed, power device, the working medium bed includes: first working medium bed and second working medium bed, the magnetic field system includes: the magnetic field single bodies are divided into two groups and are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the first working medium bed and the second working medium bed; the two groups of magnetic field single bodies are respectively fixed on the two bases, and the bases are provided with gear grooves; the working medium bed is of a closed structure, a plurality of magnetic working media are divided into two groups and are respectively fixed in the first working medium bed and the second working medium bed, and gaps are reserved between the magnetic working media; the power device comprises: the motor, speed reducer and gear, gear and gear groove mesh mutually for drive the base and remove.

Furthermore, flanges are welded at two ends of the working medium bed, the filter screen is installed on the flanges, a supporting plate is connected to the outer side of the flanges, and the bottom of the supporting plate is fixed to the refrigerating bin.

Furthermore, the magnetic working medium is a rare earth metal wire or a rare earth metal alloy wire, and the diameter of the magnetic working medium is 0.1mm-1 mm.

Further, still include: the diode refrigeration piece is used for controlling the initial temperature of the refrigeration bin and is provided with a temperature sensor, and the programmable controller is connected with the temperature sensor through a lead and is used for collecting data.

When a second working medium bed is used for refrigerating and a first working medium bed is used for heating, a programmable controller controls motors corresponding to the first working medium bed and the second working medium bed to be started, a speed reducer is matched with a gear, the speed reducer is matched with the gear to drive a magnetic field monomer on the outer side of the second working medium bed to move, the relative position of a magnetic working medium of the second working medium bed is moved to a gap position from a magnetic field position, and the temperature of the magnetic working medium is reduced under the action of demagnetization; the relative position of the magnetic working medium of the first working medium bed is moved to the magnetic field position from the gap position, and the temperature of the magnetic working medium is increased under the magnetizing action.

Preferably, when the second working medium bed heats and the first working medium bed refrigerates, the relative position of the magnetic working medium of the second working medium bed moves from the gap position to the magnetic field position, and the temperature of the magnetic working medium rises under the magnetizing action; the relative position of the magnetic working medium of the first working medium bed is moved from the magnetic field position to the gap position, and the temperature of the magnetic working medium is reduced under the demagnetization effect.

Preferably, the programmable controller simultaneously controls the expansion and contraction frequency of the power device so as to control the time when the magnetic working medium enters or exits the magnetic field.

Preferably, the programmable controller controls the working medium bed to repeatedly enter and exit the magnetic field of the magnetic field monomer, the magnetic working medium is repeatedly magnetized and demagnetized, and the magnetic working medium realizes continuous refrigeration and heating by changing the temperature of the heat exchange fluid.

The invention has the technical effects that:

1. the refrigerating bin provided by the invention is applied to the double-row multistage tandem type magnetic refrigerator, can fully magnetize and demagnetize the magnetic working medium, improves the utilization rate of the magnetic heat effect of the magnetic working medium, realizes the maximization of the magnetic heat effect, and greatly improves the working efficiency of magnetic refrigeration.

2. In the traditional compressor refrigeration, a refrigerant is compressed by the compressor in an isentropic manner, then enters a condenser for cooling, enters a throttle valve, finally exits the throttle valve, enters an evaporator, and works according to the cycle, and four parts of the whole thermodynamic cycle are completed when the refrigerant passes through different mechanical parts. In the invention, the thermodynamic cycle of the magnetic refrigerator is completed in the refrigerating bin and the heat exchange system, and the thermodynamic cycle can be completed through the change of the magnetic field intensity, thereby greatly improving the refrigerating work efficiency.

3. The double-row series magnetic refrigeration method greatly strengthens the magnetic refrigeration operation mode, improves the magnetic refrigeration efficiency, fully utilizes the magnetic refrigeration effect and effectively shortens the refrigeration time.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the state of use of the refrigeration compartment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the power plant of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a circulation system of the refrigerating bin applied to a double-row multistage tandem type magnetic refrigerator.

Detailed Description

The following description sufficiently illustrates specific embodiments of the invention to enable those skilled in the art to practice and reproduce it.

Fig. 1 is a view showing a state of use of the refrigerating compartment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the power unit 13 according to the present invention.

The refrigerating bin of the double-row multistage tandem type magnetic refrigerator comprises: the device comprises a magnetic field system 11, a working medium bed 12, a power device 13 and a diode refrigerating sheet 17.

The magnetic field system 11 comprises: a plurality of magnetic field single bodies 17 are arranged, gaps are reserved among the magnetic field single bodies, and the magnetic fields of the plurality of magnetic field single bodies 17 are identical in size and direction; the magnetic field monomers 17 are divided into two groups and are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the first working medium bed 121 and the second working medium bed 122. The magnetic field single body 17 adopts a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet. Two sets of magnetic field monomers 17 are respectively fixed on two bases 15, and the bases 15 are provided with gear grooves 151. One group of bases 15 fixed with the magnetic field single bodies 17 are positioned at two sides of the first working medium bed 121, and the other group of bases 15 fixed with the magnetic field single bodies 17 are positioned at two sides of the second working medium bed 122. The two groups of magnetic field units 17 are arranged in a staggered mode.

The working medium bed 12 is of a closed structure and is connected with the circulating system 2 through a pipeline, flanges 14 are welded at two ends of the working medium bed, and the flanges are provided with filter screens; the outer side of the flange 14 is connected with a supporting plate, and the bottom of the supporting plate is fixed on the refrigerating bin 1; the plurality of magnetic field monomers are arranged on the outer side of the working medium bed 12, the plurality of magnetic working media 16 are divided into two groups and are respectively fixed in the first working medium bed 121 and the second working medium bed 122, and gaps are reserved among the plurality of magnetic working media 16.

Under the drive of the power device 13, the relative position of the magnetic medium 16 and the magnetic field monomer 17 changes, when the magnetic medium 16 moves to the gap position, the magnetic medium (magnetic material) 16 demagnetizes, and the magnetic medium 16 cools; when the magnetic working medium 16 moves from the gap position to the magnetic field position of the magnetic field monomer 17, the magnetic working medium 16 is magnetized, the magnetic entropy is reduced, the lattice entropy is increased, the atom activity is intensified, and the temperature of the magnetic material is increased. The magnetic working medium 16 is made of rare earth metal gadolinium wires with the diameter of 0.1mm-1mm, the gadolinium component accounts for more than 99%, and gadolinium terbium and gadolinium erbium alloy wires with the diameter of 0.1mm-1mm can be assembled in sections.

The power device 13 comprises a motor 131, a speed reducer 132 and a gear 133, wherein the gear 133 is engaged with the gear groove 151 and is used for driving the base 15 to move. The motor 131 provides power to the speed reducer 132, and the speed reducer 132 drives the gear 133 to rotate. The motor 131 is connected to the programmable controller through a signal line, and the motor 131 is powered by an external power supply. The power device 13 is used for driving the reciprocating motion of the magnetic field monomer to repeatedly magnetize/demagnetize the magnetic working medium 16.

The diode refrigeration piece 18 is used for controlling the initial temperature of the refrigeration bin 1, is provided with a temperature sensor, and starts refrigeration when the internal temperature of the refrigeration bin 1 reaches 20 ℃, so that the magnetocaloric effect of the magnetic working medium 16 is protected.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a circulation system of the refrigerating chamber of the present invention applied to a double-row multistage tandem type magnetic refrigerator.

The refrigerating and heating method of the refrigerating bin specifically comprises the following steps:

step A: when the second working medium bed 122 refrigerates and the first working medium bed 121 heats, the programmable controller controls the motors 131 corresponding to the first working medium bed 121 and the second working medium bed 122 to start, the speed reducer 132 is matched with the gear 133 to drive the magnetic field monomer 17 at the outer side of the second working medium bed 122 to move, the relative position of the magnetic working medium 16 of the second working medium bed 122 moves from the magnetic field position to the gap position, and the temperature of the magnetic working medium 16 is reduced under the demagnetization effect; the relative position of the magnetic working medium 16 of the first working medium bed 121 is moved from the gap position to the magnetic field position, and the temperature of the magnetic working medium 16 is increased under the magnetizing action;

and B: when the second working medium bed 122 heats and the first working medium bed 121 refrigerates, the relative position of the magnetic working medium 16 of the second working medium bed 122 moves from the gap position to the magnetic field position, and the temperature of the magnetic working medium 16 rises under the magnetizing action; the relative position of the magnetic medium 16 of the first medium bed 121 is moved from the magnetic field position to the gap position, and the temperature of the magnetic medium 16 is reduced under the demagnetization effect.

The double-row multistage tandem type magnetic refrigerator includes: a refrigeration bin 1, a circulating system 2 and a heat exchange system 3; the refrigeration bin 1 changes the temperature of the magnetic working medium by using a magnetocaloric effect and transmits the cold energy or the heat energy generated by the magnetic working medium to the heat exchange fluid; the circulating system is connected with the heat exchange system 3 through a pipeline and is used for conveying heat exchange fluid to the heat exchange system 3; the heat exchange system 3 is used for exchanging cold or heat brought out by the heat exchange fluid.

(2) The circulation system 2 includes: a programmable controller, a vacuum pressure gauge 21, a diaphragm water pump 22, a first electromagnetic valve 23, a second electromagnetic valve 24, a third electromagnetic valve 25, a fourth electromagnetic valve 26 and a fifth electromagnetic valve 27; the vacuum pressure gauge 21, the first electromagnetic valve 23, the second electromagnetic valve 24, the third electromagnetic valve 25 and the fourth electromagnetic valve 26 are sequentially arranged on a pipeline and are powered by an external power supply.

The first electromagnetic valve 23 and the third electromagnetic valve 25 are connected in series, and the two ends of the first electromagnetic valve are respectively connected with the first working medium bed 121 and the second working medium bed 122 through pipelines; the second electromagnetic valve 24 and the fourth electromagnetic valve 26 are connected in series, and the two ends of the second electromagnetic valve are respectively connected with the first working medium bed 121 and the second working medium bed 122 through pipelines; the diaphragm water pump 22 and the fifth electromagnetic valve 27 are connected in series, two ends of the diaphragm water pump and the fifth electromagnetic valve are respectively connected to one end of the heat exchanger 31, and the other end of the heat exchanger 31 is connected to a pipeline between the first electromagnetic valve 23 and the third electromagnetic valve 25; the second solenoid valve 24 and the fourth solenoid valve 26, and the diaphragm water pump 22 and the fifth solenoid valve 27 are connected by a pipeline.

The programmable controller is respectively connected with the motor, the vacuum pressure gauge 21, the diaphragm water pump 22, the first electromagnetic valve 23, the second electromagnetic valve 24, the third electromagnetic valve 25, the fourth electromagnetic valve 26 and the fifth electromagnetic valve 27 through signal lines and is used for controlling the start and stop of the structure. The programmable controller controls the rotation direction and the action frequency of the motor at the same time so as to control the time when the magnetic working medium 16 enters or exits the magnetic field.

The working medium bed 12, the pipeline, the heat exchanger 31 and the cold accumulator 32 are filled with heat exchange fluid, and the main component of the heat exchange fluid is H₂O, a small amount of alcohol may be added. The first electromagnetic valve 23, the second electromagnetic valve 24, the third electromagnetic valve 25, the fourth electromagnetic valve 26 and the fifth electromagnetic valve 27 are direct-conduction electromagnetic valves, and heat exchange fluidThe cycle of (2) is controlled by five direct-conduction solenoid valves.

The vacuum pressure gauge 21 is used for measuring the pressure of the heat exchange circulation system 2.

The diaphragm water pump 22 is used as a power source of the heat exchange fluid to provide power for the cold and hot circulation.

(3) And the heat exchange system 3 comprises: the outlet of the heat exchanger 31 is respectively connected with the fifth electromagnetic valve 27 and the diaphragm water pump 22, and the inlet of the heat exchanger 31 is connected on a pipeline between the first electromagnetic valve 23 and the third electromagnetic valve 25; two ends of the regenerator 32 are respectively connected with the first working medium bed 121 and the second working medium bed 122 through pipelines.

The heat exchanger 31 and the regenerator 32 are provided with thin film platinum resistors for recording temperature changes. A refrigeration case 33 is provided outside the regenerator 32.

The heat exchange method for double-row multistage tandem magnetic refrigerator includes the following steps:

step 1: when the second working medium bed 122 refrigerates and the first working medium bed 121 heats, the programmable controller controls the motors 131 corresponding to the first working medium bed 121 and the second working medium bed 122 to start, the speed reducer 132 is matched with the gear 133 to drive the magnetic field monomer 17 at the outer side of the second working medium bed 122 to move, the relative position of the magnetic working medium 16 of the second working medium bed 122 moves from the magnetic field position to the gap position, and the temperature of the magnetic working medium 16 is reduced under the demagnetization effect; the relative position of the magnetic working medium 16 of the first working medium bed 121 is moved from the gap position to the magnetic field position, and the temperature of the magnetic working medium 16 is increased under the magnetizing action;

when the second working medium bed 122 heats and the first working medium bed 121 refrigerates, the relative position of the magnetic working medium 16 of the second working medium bed 122 moves from the gap position to the magnetic field position, and the temperature of the magnetic working medium 16 rises under the magnetizing action; the relative position of the magnetic medium 16 of the first medium bed 121 is moved from the magnetic field position to the gap position, and the temperature of the magnetic medium 16 is reduced under the demagnetization effect.

Step 2: the programmable controller starts the diaphragm water pump 22 to open the first electromagnetic valve 23 and the fourth electromagnetic valve 26, and close the second electromagnetic valve 24, the third electromagnetic valve 25 and the fifth electromagnetic valve 27; the heat exchange fluid is driven by the diaphragm pump 22, so that the heat exchange fluid enters the second working medium bed 122 from the fourth electromagnetic valve 26; the cooled heat exchange fluid enters the first working medium bed 121, the heated heat exchange fluid enters the heat exchanger 31 through the first electromagnetic valve 23, and the heat exchange fluid flows back to the diaphragm pump 22 to complete heat exchange.

The second solenoid valve 24 and the third solenoid valve 25 are opened, and the first solenoid valve 23, the fourth solenoid valve 26, and the fifth solenoid valve 27 are closed. The heat exchange fluid is driven by the diaphragm pump 22, so that the heat exchange fluid enters the first working medium bed 121 from the second electromagnetic valve 24; the cooled heat exchange fluid enters the second working medium bed 121, the heated heat exchange fluid enters the heat exchanger 31 through the third electromagnetic valve 25, and the heat exchange fluid flows back to the diaphragm pump 22 to complete heat exchange.

The start and stop of the diaphragm water pump 22 and the opening and closing time of the electromagnetic valves (the first electromagnetic valve 23, the second electromagnetic valve 24, the third electromagnetic valve 25, the fourth electromagnetic valve 26 and the fifth electromagnetic valve 27) are controlled by the programmable controller, the heat exchange fluid is driven by the diaphragm pump 22 to flow into the heat exchanger 31 at the hot end and the cold accumulator 32 at the cold end, and the temperatures of the heat exchanger 31 and the cold accumulator 32 are measured by the thin film platinum resistor, so that the refrigeration and the heating are realized.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of description and illustration, rather than of limitation. As the present invention may be embodied in several forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof, it should also be understood that the above-described embodiments are not limited by any of the details of the foregoing description, but rather should be construed broadly within its spirit and scope as defined in the appended claims, and therefore all changes and modifications that fall within the meets and bounds of the claims, or equivalences of such meets and bounds are therefore intended to be embraced by the appended claims.