阅读说明：本技术 一种换热管封堵装置、封堵工装、封堵系统及封堵方法 (Heat exchange tube plugging device, plugging tool, plugging system and plugging method ) 是由 黄贤滨 陈文武 单广斌 谢守明 于 2019-10-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于管道施工技术领域,涉及管道端头的封堵装置、系统及封堵方法。一种换热管封堵装置,包括拉紧杆、密封环、管端套筒；拉紧杆设置在管端套筒内,密封环套装在拉紧杆的外部,其内环与拉紧杆外壁贴合,其外环与管道的内壁贴合；拉紧杆通过旋转自紧作用于密封环实现管端密封。本发明的换热管封堵装置、封堵工装、封堵系统及封堵方法,施工简便,封堵可靠,不需要焊接、用电等高危作业,密封应力作用在管板内的管子上,不会造成管板管子焊口开裂,管板防腐涂层不受力,不会造成防腐涂层的破损,并且封堵、拆卸用时短,大大提高了工作效率。(The invention belongs to the technical field of pipeline construction, and relates to a device, a system and a method for plugging a pipeline end. A heat exchange tube plugging device comprises a tension rod, a sealing ring and a tube end sleeve; the tensioning rod is arranged in the pipe end sleeve, the sealing ring is sleeved outside the tensioning rod, the inner ring of the sealing ring is attached to the outer wall of the tensioning rod, and the outer ring of the sealing ring is attached to the inner wall of the pipeline; the tensioning rod acts on the sealing ring through rotation self-tightening to realize pipe end sealing. The heat exchange tube plugging device, the plugging tool, the plugging system and the plugging method are simple and convenient to construct and reliable in plugging, high-risk operations such as welding, electricity utilization and the like are not needed, sealing stress acts on tubes in the tube plate, the welded junctions of the tubes of the tube plate are not cracked, the anti-corrosion coating of the tube plate is not stressed, the anti-corrosion coating is not damaged, plugging and dismounting time is short, and working efficiency is greatly improved.)

1. The utility model provides a heat exchange tube plugging device which characterized in that: comprises a tension rod, a sealing ring and a pipe end sleeve; the tensioning rod is arranged in the pipe end sleeve, the sealing ring is sleeved outside the tensioning rod, the inner ring of the sealing ring is attached to the outer wall of the tensioning rod, and the outer ring of the sealing ring is attached to the inner wall of the pipeline; the tensioning rod acts on the sealing ring through rotation self-tightening to realize pipe end sealing.

2. The heat exchange tube plugging device according to claim 1, wherein: one end of the tension rod is provided with an external thread; the rotation self-tightening is realized through threaded connection.

3. The heat exchange tube plugging device according to claim 2, wherein: the other end of the tension rod is a conical body, and the sealing ring is sleeved on the conical body.

4. The heat exchange tube plugging device according to claim 3, wherein: the radius of the bottom surface of the conical body of the tension rod is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the heat exchange tube.

5. The heat exchange tube plugging device according to claim 3, wherein: the diameter of the outer ring of each sealing ring is the same, and the diameter of the inner ring changes along with the change of the diameter of the conical body of the tensioning rod.

6. The heat exchange tube plugging device according to claim 5, wherein: the sealing ring is a solid metal ring gasket made of the same material as the heat exchange tube.

7. The heat exchange tube plugging device according to claim 5, wherein: the surface of the sealing ring is provided with a high-temperature resistant/wear resistant layer.

8. The heat exchange tube plugging device according to claim 1, wherein: the wall of the pipe end sleeve is conical with the contact surface between the heat exchange pipe orifice and the inner surface of the heat exchange pipe.

9. The heat exchange tube plugging device according to claim 8, wherein: the tube end sleeve is also provided with a side arm, a flexible gasket is arranged between the side arm and the heat exchanger tube plate, and end face sealing is formed between the heat exchanger tube plate and the tube end sleeve through the side arm and the flexible gasket.

10. The utility model provides a heat exchange tube shutoff frock which characterized in that: comprises a sleeve, a pretightening force setting rod and a positioning device; the sleeve is arranged inside the positioning device; the pretightening force setting rod is installed outside the positioning device.

11. The heat exchange tube plugging tool according to claim 10, wherein: the positioning device consists of a sleeve frame and a positioning arm; the positioning arm is fixed on the outer part of the sleeve frame.

12. The heat exchange tube plugging tool according to claim 11, wherein: two opposite openings are arranged on two sides of the sleeve frame, the sleeve is placed in the frame, two ends of the sleeve protrude out of the two openings, and the sleeve can rotate in the frame along a long shaft of the sleeve.

13. The heat exchange tube plugging tool according to claim 12, wherein: a pair of bearings is arranged in the sleeve frame, and the outer peripheral surfaces of the bearings are in contact with the outer wall of the sleeve.

14. The heat exchange tube plugging tool according to claim 11, wherein: the lower end of the positioning arm is provided with a through hole, and the pretightening force setting rod passes through the through hole and can move along the long axis in the through hole.

15. The heat exchange tube plugging tool according to claim 10, wherein: the bottom of the sleeve is provided with an outer sleeve, and the outer sleeve is used for installing a heat exchange tube plugging device.

16. The heat exchange tube plugging tool according to claim 10, wherein: and a baffle is arranged on one side of the pretightening force setting rod and is fixedly connected with the pretightening force setting rod.

17. The heat exchange tube plugging tool according to claim 14, wherein: an adjusting nut is arranged on the pre-tightening force setting rod; the adjusting nut is fixed on the side surface of the positioning arm.

18. The heat exchange tube plugging tool according to claim 17, wherein: and the pretightening force setting rod is provided with scales for reading pretightening force numerical values.

19. The heat exchange tube plugging tool according to claim 10, wherein: the sleeve is internally provided with an internal thread, and the internal thread is used for installing a heat exchange tube cleaning brush.

20. The utility model provides a quick shutoff system of heat exchange tube which characterized in that: the heat exchange tube plugging device comprises the heat exchange tube plugging device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9 and the heat exchange tube plugging tool as claimed in any one of claims 10 to 18, wherein the heat exchange tube plugging tool is used for installing the heat exchange tube plugging device; the heat exchange tube plugging device is used for plugging the tube end of the heat exchange tube.

21. The heat exchange tube rapid plugging system according to claim 20, wherein: the plugging tool is internally provided with an internal thread for installing a heat exchange tube cleaning brush for cleaning the heat exchange tube.

22. A quick plugging method for a heat exchange tube is characterized by comprising the following steps: adopt heat exchange tube shutoff frock installation heat exchange tube plugging device includes:

calculating the axial displacement range of the tension rod;

the sleeve is placed in the positioning device, the heat exchange tube plugging device is placed in a tube end and a tube of a heat exchange tube to be plugged, and a nut is placed in an outer sleeve of the sleeve;

connecting the nut with one end of the tensioning rod in a threaded manner;

carrying out pressure test on the plugged heat exchange tube, adjusting the axial displacement of the tension rod by using a pre-tightening force setting rod according to the calculated axial displacement range of the tension rod until the pressure test is qualified, and completing plugging of the heat exchange tube; and removing the heat exchange pipe plugging tool.

23. The heat exchange tube rapid plugging method according to claim 22, wherein: the axial displacement range of the tension rod is calculated by the following steps:

calculating the sealing specific pressure P on the sealing ring required by sealing the heat exchange tube according to the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the heat exchange tube;

the relation between the specific sealing pressure P of the sealing ring and the axial displacement L of the tension rod can be expressed as follows:

l = α × P, where α is a scaling factor.

24. The heat exchange tube rapid plugging method according to claim 23, wherein: adjusting nuts on the pre-tightening force setting rods to limit the axial displacement S, L of the tightening rods₁<S<L₂Wherein L is₁For minimum axial displacement, L₂Is the maximum axial displacement.

25. The heat exchange tube rapid plugging method according to any one of claims 22 to 24, wherein: the method comprises the steps of arranging a heat exchange pipe cleaning brush on the inner thread of a sleeve, extending the cleaning brush into the heat exchange pipe to be plugged, rotating the sleeve in the direction opposite to the inner thread, and cleaning dirt on the inner surface of the heat exchange pipe.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of pipeline construction, and relates to a device, a system and a method for plugging a pipeline end.

Background

The process industry uses a large number of heat exchangers, a large number of heat exchange tubes are arranged in the heat exchangers, materials with different temperatures are generally led out of the heat exchange tubes, so that the purpose of heat exchange is achieved, the heat exchange tubes are difficult to leak in use, and production is generally maintained in a tube plugging mode under the condition that production is not influenced. At present, a conical plug made of soft metal is usually adopted for plugging a heat exchange tube, the radius of a small end of the conical plug is smaller than the inner diameter of the heat exchange tube, the radius of a large end of the conical plug is larger than the inner diameter of the heat exchange tube, the small end of the plug is placed in the heat exchange tube when the heat exchange tube is used, a copper hammer is used for knocking the end face of the large end of the plug to seal, and for the high-pressure heat exchange tube, the tube opening and the plug are. The traditional conical plug is not easy to disassemble, the sealing performance of the traditional conical plug cannot be predicted, and the traditional conical plug is easy to spray out of a pipe orifice in the pressure test process. In addition, the materials in the process industry are flammable and explosive, the heat exchange pipe needs to be thoroughly cleaned and blown before plugging, time and labor are wasted, and safety incidents are easy to occur; during welding, welding stress can also cause cracking and leakage of the pipe orifices of other heat exchange pipes; for the tube plate coated with the anti-corrosion coating, the anti-corrosion coating is damaged in such a way, and the anti-corrosion cost of the tube plate is increased.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a heat exchange tube plugging device, a plugging tool, a plugging system and a plugging method.

The first technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is to provide a heat exchange tube plugging device which comprises the following components: a heat exchange tube plugging device comprises a tension rod, a sealing ring and a tube end sleeve; the tensioning rod is arranged in the pipe end sleeve, the sealing ring is sleeved outside the tensioning rod, the inner ring of the sealing ring is attached to the outer wall of the tensioning rod, and the outer ring of the sealing ring is attached to the inner wall of the pipeline; the tensioning rod acts on the sealing ring through rotation self-tightening to realize pipe end sealing.

As a further improvement of the invention, one end of the tension rod is provided with an external thread; the rotation self-tightening is realized through threaded connection.

As a further improvement of the invention, the other end of the tension rod is a conical body, and the sealing ring is sleeved on the conical body.

As a further improvement of the invention, the radius of the bottom surface of the conical body of the tension rod is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the heat exchange tube, so that the axial force applied to the bottom surface of the conical body of the tension rod is far greater than the axial force generated by the other surfaces of the tension rod after sealing under the inner pressure of the tube.

As a further improvement of the invention, the number of the sealing rings is not less than two, the diameters of the outer rings of all the sealing rings are the same, and the diameters of the inner rings are changed along with the change of the diameter of the conical body of the tensioning rod, so that the sealing reliability is improved, and the deformation coordination of the sealing rings is ensured.

As a further improvement of the invention, the sealing ring is a solid metal ring gasket made of the same material as the heat exchange tube and is used for ensuring the sealing deformation consistency of the sealing ring and preventing galvanic corrosion.

As a further improvement of the invention, the surface of the sealing ring is provided with a high temperature resistant/wear resistant layer, thereby preventing the sealing ring from being damaged in plugging and improving the sealing reliability.

As a further improvement of the invention, the contact surface between the cylinder wall of the pipe end sleeve and the inner surface of the heat exchange pipe at the opening of the heat exchange pipe is conical.

As a further improvement of the invention, the tube end sleeve is also provided with a side arm, a flexible gasket is arranged between the side arm and the heat exchanger tube plate, and an end face seal is formed between the heat exchanger tube plate and the tube end sleeve through the side arm and the flexible gasket.

The second technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is to provide a heat exchange tube plugging tool, which comprises a sleeve for installing a heat exchange tube plugging device, a pretightening force setting rod for setting the pretightening force between a sealing ring of the heat exchange tube plugging device and a heat exchange tube, and a positioning device for positioning the sleeve and the pretightening force setting rod; the sleeve is arranged inside the positioning device; the pretightening force setting rod is installed outside the positioning device.

As a further improvement of the invention, the positioning device consists of a sleeve frame and a positioning arm; the positioning arm is fixed on the outer part of the sleeve frame.

As a further improvement of the present invention, two opposite openings are provided at two sides of the sleeve frame, the sleeve is placed in the frame, two ends of the sleeve protrude from the two openings, and the sleeve can rotate along the long axis of the sleeve in the frame.

As a further improvement of the present invention, a pair of bearings is provided inside the sleeve frame, and the outer peripheral surfaces of the bearings are in contact with the outer wall of the sleeve.

As a further improvement of the invention, the lower end of the positioning arm is provided with a through hole, and the pretightening force setting rod passes through the through hole and can move along the long axis of the pretightening force setting rod in the through hole.

As a further improvement of the invention, the bottom of the sleeve is provided with an outer sleeve, and the outer sleeve is used for installing the heat exchange tube plugging device.

As a further improvement of the invention, a baffle is arranged on one side of the pretightening force setting rod, and the baffle is fixedly connected with the pretightening force setting rod.

As a further improvement of the invention, an adjusting nut is arranged on the pretightening force setting rod; the adjusting nut is fixed on the side surface of the positioning arm.

The third purpose of the invention is to provide a heat exchange tube rapid plugging system, which adopts the technical scheme that: a quick plugging system for a heat exchange tube comprises a plugging tool and a plugging device, wherein the plugging tool is used for installing the plugging device; the plugging device is used for plugging the pipe end of the heat exchange pipe.

As a further improvement of the invention, the plugging tool is used for cleaning the heat exchange tube.

The fourth purpose of the invention is to provide a method for quickly plugging a heat exchange tube, which adopts the technical scheme that: a quick plugging method for a heat exchange tube adopts a heat exchange tube plugging tool to install a heat exchange tube plugging device, and comprises the following steps: calculating the axial displacement range of the tension rod; the sleeve is placed in the positioning device, the heat exchange tube plugging device is placed at the tube end of the heat exchange tube to be plugged, and the nut is placed in the outer sleeve of the sleeve;

mounting a nut on the external thread of the tension rod, and rotating the nut until the baffle is contacted with the heat exchange tube plate;

carrying out pressure test on the plugged heat exchange tube, adjusting the axial displacement of the tension rod by using a pre-tightening force setting rod according to the calculated axial displacement range of the tension rod until the pressure test is qualified, and completing plugging of the heat exchange tube; and removing the heat exchange pipe plugging tool.

As a further improvement of the invention, the axial displacement range of the tension rod is calculated by the following steps: calculating the sealing specific pressure P on the sealing ring required by sealing the heat exchange tube according to the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the heat exchange tube;

the relation between the specific sealing pressure P of the sealing ring and the axial displacement L of the tension rod can be expressed as follows: l = α P, where α is a proportionality coefficient, resulting in a minimum axial displacement L of the tension rod₁(ii) a Taking into account the strength of the sealing ring, the maximum axial displacement L allowed for the tension rod is obtained₂。

The further improvement is that an adjusting nut on the pretightening force setting rod is adjusted to limit the axial displacement S, L of the tension rod₁<S<L₂Wherein L is₁For minimum axial displacement, L₂Is the maximum axial displacement.

As a further improvement of the invention, the method also comprises the step of cleaning the heat exchange tube before the heat exchange tube is plugged: a heat exchange tube cleaning brush is arranged on the internal thread of the sleeve, the cleaning brush extends into the heat exchange tube to be plugged, and the sleeve is rotated in the direction opposite to the internal thread to clean dirt on the inner surface of the heat exchange tube.

The heat exchange tube plugging device, the plugging tool, the plugging system and the plugging method are simple and convenient to construct and reliable in plugging, high-risk operations such as welding, electricity utilization and the like are not needed, only the heat exchange tube to be plugged is needed to be cleaned, all the heat exchange tubes are not needed to be thoroughly cleaned and blown, sealing stress acts on the tubes in the tube plates, the welded junctions of the tube plates and the tubes cannot be cracked, the anti-corrosion coatings of the tube plates are not stressed, and the anti-corrosion coatings cannot be damaged. And the plugging and the dismounting are short, and the working efficiency is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an axial sectional view of a heat exchange tube plugging device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an axial sectional view of a heat exchange tube plugging tool according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3 is an axial cross-sectional view of the positioning device of FIG. 2;

fig. 4 is an axial sectional view (installation state) of the overall structure of the heat exchange tube rapid plugging system of the invention.

Detailed Description

The heat exchange tube plugging device, the plugging tool, the plugging system and the plugging method of the present invention are respectively described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the embodiments, so as to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical ideas of the present invention, but the technical ideas of the present invention are not limited to the specific contents described in the embodiments.

Embodiment 1 this embodiment provides a heat exchange tube plugging device, its structure is shown in fig. 1, mainly includes: a tightening rod 21, a sealing ring 22, a tube end sleeve 23 and a nut 26. Wherein, one end of the tension rod 21 is provided with an external thread, and the other end is a conical body. The sealing ring 22 is fitted around the outside of the cone.

The radius of the conical body of the tension rod 21 is gradually increased, and the radius of the bottom surface of the conical body is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the heat exchange tube 4, so that the axial force applied to the bottom surface of the conical body of the tension rod 21 is far greater than the axial force generated by the inner pressure of the pipeline on other surfaces of the tension rod after sealing. The sealing rings 22 sleeved outside the conical body of the tension rod 21 are more than two groups, the diameters of the outer rings of all the sealing rings are equal, and the diameters of the inner rings are sequentially increased along with the diameter of the conical body, so that the sealing reliability is improved, and the deformation coordination of the sealing rings is guaranteed.

The maximum inner ring diameter of the sealing ring 22 is smaller than the bottom diameter of the cone, so that the sealing ring is sleeved on the cone and cannot fall off freely from the cone. The inner ring of the sealing ring 22 is attached to the outer surface of the conical body of the tension rod 21, and the outer ring of the sealing ring 22 is attached to the inner wall of the heat exchange tube 4.

The tension rod 21 is placed inside the tube end sleeve 23. The ferrule 23 is provided with side arms 27. Wherein, the tail end of the pipe end sleeve 23 is contacted with the sealing ring 22 sleeved on the conical body, and the function of the sealing ring is to assist the positioning of the sealing ring and prevent the sealing ring 22 from excessively displacing towards the outside of the heat exchange pipe along the axis of the pipe. A first flexible gasket 24 is provided between the side arm 27 and the tube sheet 3 to provide an end-face seal between the tube sheet 3 and the tube end sleeve 23.

A nut 26 is mounted on the external thread of the tightening rod 21, and a second flexible gasket 25 is arranged between the nut 26 and the end of the pipe end sleeve 23. The rotation of the tightening rod 21 forms a threaded connection with the nut 26, which achieves self-tightening of the tightening rod. At the same time, the tie rod 21 applies an axial force to the sealing ring 22 towards the outside of the heat exchange tube 4, and the sealing ring 22 generates a seal on the tube wall of the heat exchange tube 4 and the tie rod 21.

In order to ensure the sealing deformation consistency of the sealing ring 22 and prevent galvanic corrosion, the cross section of the sealing ring 22 is an elliptical solid metal ring gasket made of the same material as the heat exchange tube 4. The surface of the metal sealing ring 22 is provided with a high temperature resistant and wear resistant layer, so that the sealing ring is prevented from being damaged in plugging, and the sealing reliability is improved.

The contact surface between the cylinder wall of the pipe end sleeve 23 and the pipe orifice of the heat exchange pipe 4 and the inner surface of the heat exchange pipe 4 is conical, so that a plugging structure similar to a conventional plug is formed at the pipe orifice.

Embodiment 2 this embodiment provides a heat exchange tube shutoff frock for heat exchange tube cleaning and installation heat exchange tube plugging device, as shown in fig. 2, this shutoff frock includes sleeve 11, positioner 12 and pretightning force setting rod 13.

As shown in fig. 3, the positioning device 12 includes a sleeve frame 121, which is square or rectangular. Two opposite openings are arranged on two sides of the sleeve frame, and one opening is slightly larger than the other opening. When the sleeve 11 is placed in the sleeve frame 121, both ends of the sleeve 11 are located at two open positions, respectively, and slightly protrude from the open ends. The sleeve 11 is rotatably movable about its own longitudinal axis within the sleeve frame 121. A pair of bearings 123 are provided within the frame, the outer peripheral surfaces of the bearings 123 contacting the outer wall of the sleeve 11 to provide support for the rotational movement of the sleeve.

Outside the sleeve frame 121, a positioning arm 122 perpendicular to the sleeve longitudinal axis is provided, and a through hole 124 is provided at the lower end of the positioning arm. A pretension-setting rod 13 is mounted in the through-hole 124 and is movable within the hole in the direction of its own long axis. A baffle 133 is arranged on one side of the preload setting rod 13, the baffle 133 is fixedly connected with the preload setting rod 13 and moves along with the movement of the preload setting rod 13, and the baffle 133 is used for limiting the displacement of the preload setting rod 13 in the heat exchange tube plugging process.

An adjusting nut 132 is disposed on the other side of the pretension setting lever 13, and the adjusting nut 132 is fixed to the side surface of the positioning arm 122. The displacement of the preload setting lever 13 is adjusted by rotating the adjusting nut 132, thereby setting the preload of the seal ring. For easy reading of the pretension, a pretension scale 131 is provided on the pretension setting lever 13.

As shown in fig. 2, the sleeve 11 is internally provided with an internal thread 111, and the internal thread 111 is used for installing a heat exchange pipe cleaning brush for cleaning the inside of the heat exchange pipe. An outer sleeve 112 is also provided at the bottom of the sleeve 11, the outer sleeve 112 being used to secure the nut 26 and rotatably mount the nut 26 on the external thread of the tightening rod 21.

Embodiment 3 this embodiment provides a quick plugging system of heat exchange tube, as shown in fig. 4, this system includes the above-mentioned heat exchange tube plugging tool 1, heat exchange tube plugging device 2. The heat exchange tube plugging device 2 is used for plugging the heat exchanger tube plate 3 and a heat exchange tube pipeline. The heat exchange tube plugging tool 1 is used for installation and disassembly construction of the heat exchange tube plugging device 2, and meanwhile, can also be used for cleaning the inside of the heat exchange tube.

Embodiment 4 this embodiment is a method for quickly plugging a heat exchange tube by using the above quick plugging system for a heat exchange tube, and the specific process is as follows:

(1) installing a heat exchange tube cleaning brush on the internal thread 111 of the sleeve 11, extending the cleaning brush into a heat exchange tube to be plugged, rotating the sleeve 11 in the direction opposite to the internal thread 111 through the outer side of the sleeve 11, and cleaning dirt on the surface of the heat exchange tube to ensure that the heat exchange tube cleaning brush is suitable for installing the heat exchange tube plugging device 2;

(2) after the heat exchange tube is cleaned, the heat exchange tube cleaning brush is detached;

(3) calculating the sealing specific pressure P on the sealing ring 22 required by sealing the heat exchange tube according to the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the heat exchange tube;

(4) the relationship between the specific seal pressure P of the seal ring 22 and the axial displacement L of the tension rod 21 can be expressed as: l = α × P, where α is a proportionality coefficient, resulting in a minimum axial displacement L of the tension rod 21₁(ii) a Taking into account the strength of the sealing ring, the maximum axial displacement L allowed for the tension rod 21 is obtained₂；

(5) Adjusting the adjusting nut 132 on the pretension-setting lever 13 limits the displacement S, L of the tension rod 21₁<S<L₂；

(6) A tension rod 21, a sealing ring 22, a first flexible gasket 24, a pipe end sleeve 23 and a second gasket 25 of the heat exchange pipe plugging device 2 are sequentially placed in the heat exchange pipe;

(7) placing the heat exchange tube plugging tool 1 on the tube plate 3 of the heat exchanger, placing the screw cap 26 into the outer sleeve 112 of the tightening rod sleeve 11, and screwing the screw cap 26 by rotating the sleeve 11 until the baffle 133 is contacted with the end surface of the tube plate 3;

(8) carrying out pressure test on the plugged heat exchange tube, wherein the pressure test is qualified, and the heat exchange tube is plugged; and removing the heat exchange pipe plugging tool.