阅读说明：本技术 一种手持干扰器及其干扰器天线 (Handheld interference unit and interference unit antenna thereof ) 是由 王剑 李鑫 张书俊 于 2020-12-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明的实施例提供了一种手持干扰器及其干扰器天线,包括：天线本体,所述天线本体包括第一介质板和形成于第一介质板表面的辐射贴片,所述干扰器天线的辐射信号沿着第一介质板的延伸方向传输,并且自所述第一介质板的端部输出；超材料天线罩,所述超材料天线罩与所述第一介质板平行间隔设置,并且与所述辐射贴片的位置对应,所述超材料天线罩在第一介质板的延伸方向上覆盖所述辐射贴片,以抑制自所述辐射贴片辐射的表面波。(The embodiment of the invention provides a handheld interference unit and an interference unit antenna thereof, comprising: the antenna comprises an antenna body, a first antenna body and a second antenna body, wherein the antenna body comprises a first dielectric plate and a radiation patch formed on the surface of the first dielectric plate, and a radiation signal of the interference antenna is transmitted along the extending direction of the first dielectric plate and is output from the end part of the first dielectric plate; the metamaterial antenna housing is arranged in parallel with the first dielectric plate at intervals and corresponds to the position of the radiation patch, and the metamaterial antenna housing covers the radiation patch in the extending direction of the first dielectric plate so as to inhibit a surface wave radiated by the radiation patch.)

1. An interferer antenna, comprising:

the antenna comprises an antenna body (10), wherein the antenna body (10) comprises a first dielectric plate (11) and a radiation patch (12) formed on the surface of the first dielectric plate (11), and a radiation signal of the interference antenna is transmitted along the extending direction of the first dielectric plate (11) and is output from an end part (11a) of the first dielectric plate (11);

the metamaterial antenna housing (20) is arranged in parallel with the first dielectric plate (11) at intervals, the metamaterial antenna housing (20) corresponds to the position of the radiation patch (12), and the metamaterial antenna housing (20) covers the radiation patch (12) in the extending direction of the first dielectric plate (11) so as to restrain surface waves radiated from the radiation patch (12).

2. The jammer antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the antenna body (10) further comprises:

a director (13), wherein the director (13) is formed on the surface of the first dielectric plate (11) and is positioned between the radiation patch (12) and the end part (11a) to guide the radiation signal to be output from the end part (11 a).

3. The jammer antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that the director (13) is at least partially exposed outside the metamaterial radome (20) in the extension direction of the first dielectric plate (11).

4. A jammer antenna according to claim 3, characterised in that the director (13) comprises a number of director elements (13a, 13b, 13c, 13d, 13e) arranged parallel spaced apart, which director elements (13a, 13b, 13c, 13d, 13e) are parallel to the end (11 a).

5. The jammer antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that the plurality of director elements (13a, 13b, 13c, 13d, 13e) are not all of the same length, wherein the length of the director element adjacent to the end (11a) is equal to or greater than the length of the director element adjacent to the radiating patch (12).

6. The jammer antenna according to claim 1, wherein the metamaterial radome (20) comprises at least one layer of an array metamaterial plate (21), the array metamaterial plate (21) comprises a second dielectric plate (211) and a plurality of metamaterial units (212) formed on the second dielectric plate (211),

the plurality of metamaterial units (212) form a matrix array with equal intervals on the surface of the second dielectric plate (211), and the number of the metamaterial units (212) corresponds to the area of the radiation patch (12).

7. The jammer antenna according to claim 6, wherein each metamaterial unit (212) is a metal structure in the shape of a Chinese character 'wang', comprising:

the first support arm (212a), the second support arm (212b) and the third support arm (212c) are perpendicular to the end portion (11a), the first support arm (212a), the second support arm (212b) and the third support arm (212c) are arranged in parallel at equal intervals, and the second support arm (212b) is located between the first support arm (212a) and the third support arm (212 c);

a fourth arm (212d) connected to the midpoint of the first arm (212a), the second arm (212b), and the third arm (212c), the fourth arm (212d) being parallel to the end (11 a);

the distance between the first support arm (212a) and the third support arm (212c) is a quarter wavelength, and the length is a quarter wavelength;

the second arm (212b) has a length less than a quarter wavelength.

8. The jammer antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that the two ends of the first and third arms (212a, 212c) further comprise a bend (212e) extending towards the inside of the metamaterial unit (212).

9. The jammer antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that the spacing between two adjacent metamaterial units (212) is one half wavelength.

10. A handheld jammer, characterized in that it comprises a jammer antenna according to any of claims 1 to 9.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of antenna equipment, in particular to a handheld interference unit and an interference unit antenna thereof.

Background

Most of the existing interference unit antennas have the problems of large size and low working bandwidth, and are only suitable for omnidirectional antennas, but the radiation performance of directional antennas cannot meet the increasing requirements of equipment.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a handheld jammer and a jammer antenna thereof, in which metamaterial antenna covers for suppressing surface waves are disposed on two sides of an antenna body, so that side lobes can be reduced, beams can be gathered, and thus the gain of the antenna can be improved fundamentally.

One embodiment of the present invention provides an interferer antenna, comprising:

the antenna comprises an antenna body, a first antenna body and a second antenna body, wherein the antenna body comprises a first dielectric plate and a radiation patch formed on the surface of the first dielectric plate, and a radiation signal of the interference antenna is transmitted along the extending direction of the first dielectric plate and is output from the end part of the first dielectric plate;

the metamaterial antenna housing is arranged in parallel with the first dielectric plate at intervals and corresponds to the position of the radiation patch, and the metamaterial antenna housing covers the radiation patch in the extending direction of the first dielectric plate so as to inhibit a surface wave radiated by the radiation patch.

In one embodiment, the antenna body further comprises:

and the director is formed on the surface of the first dielectric plate and is positioned between the radiation patch and the end part so as to guide the radiation signal to be output from the end part.

In one embodiment, the director is at least partially exposed outside the metamaterial radome in the extending direction of the first dielectric plate.

In one embodiment, the director includes a plurality of parallel spaced director units that are parallel to the end portions.

In one embodiment, the plurality of director units are not all the same length, wherein the length of the director unit adjacent the end is equal to or greater than the length of the director unit adjacent the radiating patch.

In one embodiment, the metamaterial antenna housing comprises at least one layer of array metamaterial plate, the array metamaterial plate comprises a second dielectric plate and a plurality of metamaterial units formed on the second dielectric plate,

the plurality of metamaterial units form a matrix array with equal intervals on the surface of the second dielectric plate, and the number of the metamaterial units corresponds to the area of the radiation patch.

In one embodiment, each metamaterial unit is a metal structure shaped like a Chinese character 'wang', and comprises:

the first support arm, the second support arm and the third support arm are arranged in parallel at equal intervals, and the second support arm is positioned between the first support arm and the third support arm;

the fourth support arm is connected to the middle points of the first support arm, the second support arm and the third support arm and is parallel to the end part;

the distance between the first support arm and the third support arm is a quarter wavelength, and the length of the first support arm and the third support arm is a quarter wavelength;

the length of the second support arm is less than a quarter wavelength.

In one embodiment, the ends of the first and third arms further comprise bends extending into the metamaterial unit.

In one embodiment, the spacing between two adjacent metamaterial units is one-half wavelength.

Another embodiment of the present invention also provides a handheld jammer, comprising the jammer antenna as described above.

As can be seen from the above technical solutions, in this embodiment, the metamaterial antenna housing 20 is set to be the same as the radiation direction of the signal, and functions to suppress the surface wave propagating along the non-radiation direction instead of guiding, so as to reduce the side lobe, and perform the function of focusing the beam, so that the radiation signal propagates along the radiation direction as completely as possible, and thus the gain of the antenna is fundamentally improved.

Furthermore, by arranging the director between the radiation patch and the signal output end on the antenna body, the gain in the 2.4GHz frequency band antenna can be improved, and meanwhile, the wider matching bandwidth is ensured.

In addition, in the present embodiment, by setting the shapes of the radiation patches, the antenna area is reduced while the current path is increased, and a radiation opening angle for setting the director is formed between two radiation patches, so that the antenna gain is improved and the antenna area is reduced.

Drawings

The following drawings are only schematic illustrations and explanations of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional jammer antenna.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of the jammer antenna of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a side view of the jammer antenna of figure 2.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a metamaterial radome in a second embodiment of the jammer antenna of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the metamaterial unit in fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna body in a third embodiment of the jammer antenna of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna body in a fourth embodiment of the jammer antenna of the present invention.

Fig. 8, 9 and 10 are curves of antenna return loss S11 in the frequency bands of 1.575GHz, 2.4GHz and 5.8GHz, respectively.

Fig. 11, 12 and 13 show antenna gain patterns in the 1.575GHz, 2.4GHz and 5.8GHz frequency bands, respectively.

Detailed Description

In order to more clearly understand the technical features, objects, and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals refer to like parts throughout.

"exemplary" means "serving as an example, instance, or illustration" herein, and any illustration, embodiment, or steps described as "exemplary" herein should not be construed as a preferred or advantageous alternative.

For the sake of simplicity, the drawings are only schematic representations of the parts relevant to the invention, and do not represent the actual structure of the product. In addition, in order to make the drawings concise and understandable, components having the same structure or function in some of the drawings are only schematically illustrated or only labeled.

The invention aims to provide a handheld jammer and a jammer antenna thereof, wherein metamaterial antenna covers for inhibiting surface waves are arranged at two ends of an antenna body, so that side lobes can be reduced, beams can be gathered, and the gain of the antenna can be improved fundamentally.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of the jammer antenna of the present invention. Figure 3 is a side view of the jammer antenna of figure 2. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the present invention provides an interferer antenna, including:

an antenna body 10 including a first dielectric plate 11 and a radiation patch 12 formed on a surface of the first dielectric plate 11, wherein a radiation signal of the jammer antenna is output from an end 11a of the first dielectric plate 11;

the metamaterial antenna housing 20 is arranged in parallel with the first dielectric plate 11 at intervals, the metamaterial antenna housing 20 corresponds to the position of the radiation patch 12, and the metamaterial antenna housing 20 covers the radiation patch 12 in the extending direction of the first dielectric plate 11 so as to suppress surface waves radiated from the radiation patch 12.

In the present embodiment, the antenna body 10 is a directional antenna, and specifically, is an end-fire antenna, and the maximum radiation direction of the antenna body 10 is a radial direction, not a normal direction. In the present embodiment, the transmission direction of the radiation signal of the antenna body 10 is output from the end portion 11a of the first dielectric plate 11. Wherein the end portion 11a may be formed as a constricted portion to form a tip for signal output.

Generally, as shown in fig. 1, the metamaterial antenna housing is disposed adjacent to the output end of the directional antenna and perpendicular to the radiation direction of the signal, so as to guide the radiation signal to be output from the output end, and act on the gain of the main beam. In this embodiment, the metamaterial antenna cover 20 is set to be the same as the radiation direction of the signal, and functions to suppress surface waves propagating along the non-radiation direction instead of guiding, so as to reduce side lobes and play a role in gathering beams, so that the radiation signal propagates along the radiation direction as completely as possible, and thus the gain of the antenna is improved fundamentally.

Wherein the position of the metamaterial radome 20 corresponds to the position of the radiation patch 12. When the antenna body 10 only includes the radiation patch disposed on one side surface of the first dielectric plate 11, the jammer antenna of the present embodiment may only include one metamaterial antenna housing disposed on the corresponding side of the first dielectric plate 11. In one embodiment, the antenna body 10 includes radiation patches 12 disposed on two side surfaces of the first dielectric plate 11, the two radiation patches 12 are conducted through a metalized through hole, and the feeding structure 14 is used for feeding the antenna to access signals. The jammer antenna of the present embodiment may include two metamaterial radomes 20 as shown in fig. 3, wherein the two metamaterial radomes 20 are symmetrically disposed on two sides of the antenna body 10 and are spaced apart from and parallel to the antenna body 10. The metamaterial radome 20 covers the range of the radiation patches 12 to comprehensively suppress surface waves radiated from the radiation patches 12.

In a specific embodiment, the jammer antenna of the present invention is applied to an intercepting device of a handheld drone, wherein the antenna radiates radially and the operating range of the antenna is 1-6.5 GHz. The unmanned aerial vehicle frequency band selection method aims at 3 mainstream frequency bands of the existing common unmanned aerial vehicle, namely 1.575GHz, 2.4GHz and 5.8GHz frequency bands. In a preferred embodiment, the metamaterial antenna housing can suppress surface waves, reduce side lobes, gather beams and improve the antenna gain of a 5.8GHz frequency band by designing a metamaterial unit structure.

In one embodiment as shown in fig. 4, the metamaterial radome 20 comprises at least one layer of array metamaterial plates 21, each layer of array metamaterial plate 21 comprises a second dielectric plate 211 and a plurality of metamaterial units 212 formed on the second dielectric plate 211,

wherein, a plurality of metamaterial units 212 form a matrix array with equal spacing on the surface of the second dielectric slab 211, and the number of metamaterial units 212 corresponds to the area of the radiation patch 12.

The matrix array of metamaterial units 212 may include a plurality of rows, each row may include a plurality of columns, and the row spacing and the column spacing are the same. And the spacing is determined by the operating frequency band, and is constant for a particular target frequency band. In the present embodiment, the spacing between adjacent metamaterial units 212 is one-half wavelength for the 5.8GHz band.

The pitch of the metamaterial units 212 is constant, and the area of the matrix array formed by the metamaterial units corresponds to the area of the radiation patches 12, so that the number of the metamaterial units 212 is determined by the area of the radiation patches 12. The larger the area of the radiating patch 12, the larger the area of the matrix array of metamaterial units, and the larger the number of metamaterial units 212.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, each metamaterial unit 212 is a metal structure shaped like a Chinese character 'wang', including:

a first arm 212a, a second arm 212b and a third arm 212c perpendicular to the side edge of the end portion 11a, wherein the first arm 212a, the second arm 212b and the third arm 212c are arranged in parallel at equal intervals, and the second arm 212b is positioned between the first arm 212a and the third arm 212 c;

a fourth arm 212d connected to the middle points of the first arm 212a, the second arm 212b, and the third arm 212c, the fourth arm 212d being parallel to the side of the end portion 11 a;

wherein, the distance between the first support arm 212a and the third support arm 212c is a quarter wavelength, and the length is a quarter wavelength; the length of the second arm 212b is less than a quarter wavelength. The wavelength here is a wavelength for the 5.8GHz band. Wherein λ is 3.0 × 10⁸÷(5.8×10⁹)＝51.7mm。

To avoid electromagnetic interference between adjacent metamaterial units while increasing antenna gain, in a preferred embodiment, the ends of first arm 212a and third arm 212c further include a bend 212e extending toward the interior of metamaterial unit 212.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an interferer antenna comprising an antenna body 10 as shown in fig. 6 and a metamaterial radome 20 as shown in any one of fig. 2-5.

The antenna body 10 includes a first dielectric plate 11 and a radiation patch 12 formed on the surface of the first dielectric plate 11, and a radiation signal of the jammer antenna is output from an end 11a of the first dielectric plate 11;

the metamaterial antenna cover 20 is disposed in parallel to the first dielectric plate 11 at an interval, and corresponds to the position of the radiation patch 12, and the metamaterial antenna cover 20 covers the radiation patch 12 in the extending direction of the first dielectric plate 11 to suppress a surface wave radiated from the radiation patch 12.

In the present embodiment, the radiation patch 12 is not limited to the pattern shown in the figure, and the antenna body 10 further includes:

and a director 13, wherein the director 13 is formed on the surface of the first dielectric plate 11 and is located between the radiation patch 12 and the end portion 11a to guide the radiation signal to be output from the end portion 11 a.

The director 13 can be used to increase the gain in the 2.4GHz band antenna, and ensure a wider matching bandwidth.

As shown in fig. 2, the director 13 is at least partially exposed outside the metamaterial radome 20 in the extending direction of the first dielectric plate 11, so as to avoid the signals along the radiation direction from being suppressed by the metamaterial radome 20.

Specifically, the director 13 may include a plurality of director units 13a, 13b, 13c, 13d, 13e arranged in parallel at intervals along the radiation direction, the plurality of director units 13a, 13b, 13c, 13d, 13e being parallel to the side of the end portion 11 a.

Wherein the plurality of director units 13a, 13b, 13c, 13d, 13e are not all of the same length, in a preferred embodiment the length of the director unit adjacent the end 11a is equal to or greater than the length of the director unit adjacent the radiating patch 12.

Wherein the length of each director unit may be approximately equal to one half wavelength, where the wavelengths referred to herein are for the 2.4GHz band.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an interferer antenna comprising an antenna body 10 as shown in fig. 7 and a metamaterial radome 20 as shown in any one of fig. 2-5.

The antenna body 10 includes a first dielectric plate 11 and a radiation patch 12 formed on the surface of the first dielectric plate 11, and a radiation signal of the jammer antenna is output from an end 11a of the first dielectric plate 11;

the metamaterial antenna cover 20 is disposed in parallel to the first dielectric plate 11 at an interval, and corresponds to the position of the radiation patch 12, and the metamaterial antenna cover 20 covers the radiation patch 12 in the extending direction of the first dielectric plate 11 to suppress a surface wave radiated from the radiation patch 12.

As shown in fig. 7, in the present embodiment, the radiation patch 12 includes a first radiation arm 121 disposed on the upper surface of the first dielectric plate 11 and a second radiation arm 122 disposed on the lower surface of the first dielectric plate 11, where the first radiation arm 121 has a signal input end 14, and as shown in fig. 3, the signal input end 14 is a feeding point of the jammer antenna.

The first radiating arm 121 further includes a first radiating body, wherein the first radiating body is integrally connected to the signal input terminal 14, and a connection between the signal input terminal 14 and the first radiating body is configured as an arc transition, so as to ensure continuity of impedance. The first radiating body is in a comb shape and has a plurality of first signal radiating teeth 1211, and one end of the plurality of first signal radiating teeth 1211 is arranged at intervals to increase a current path and reduce an antenna area. The first radiation body further has a first tooth connection portion 1212, and the other ends of the plurality of first signal radiation teeth 1211 are connected to the first tooth connection portion 1212. One side of the first tooth connecting portion 1212 facing away from the first signal radiating tooth 121 has a contour line that changes with a gradual change radian, and the contour line is bent toward the first signal radiating tooth 121 side to ensure a wide frequency band performance. The first tooth connecting portion 1212 is connected to one first signal radiating tooth 121 nearest to the signal input terminal 14, and has an arc-shaped changing end, which is used to improve impedance matching in a wide frequency band.

The second radiation arm 122 has the same shape as the first radiation arm 121, and is disposed on the upper and lower side surfaces of the first dielectric plate 11 in an axisymmetric manner with the first radiation arm 121, wherein the signal input terminal 14 is disposed on the surface of the first dielectric plate 11 on the side away from the end portion 11a, the side of the first tooth connecting portion 1212 facing away from the first signal radiation tooth 121 is disposed adjacent to the central symmetry axis (extending in the radiation direction) of the first radiation arm 121 and the second radiation arm 122, and the plurality of first signal radiation teeth 1211 extends from the first tooth connecting portion toward the edge of the first dielectric plate. Thereby, the sides of the first and second radiation arms 121 and 122 adjacent to the end 11a form a radiation opening angle.

The second radiating arm 122 further includes a ground 1221, the first radiating arm 121 and the second radiating arm 122 are both grounded to the ground 1221, and the ground 1221 is provided in a trapezoidal shape for improving impedance matching in a wide frequency band.

Further, the antenna body 10 further includes:

and a director 13, wherein the director 13 is formed on the surface of the first dielectric plate 11 and is located between the radiation patch 12 and the end portion 11a to guide the radiation signal to be output from the end portion 11 a.

Preferably, the director 13 may be disposed at a radiation opening angle between the first and second radiation arms 121 and 122 to reduce the area of the antenna body 10.

The director 13 can be used to increase the gain in the 2.4GHz band antenna, and ensure a wider matching bandwidth.

As shown in fig. 2, the director 13 is at least partially exposed outside the metamaterial radome 20 in the extending direction of the first dielectric plate 11, so as to avoid the signals along the radiation direction from being suppressed by the metamaterial radome 20.

Specifically, the director 13 may include a plurality of director units 13a, 13b, 13c, 13d, 13e arranged in parallel at intervals along the radiation direction, the plurality of director units 13a, 13b, 13c, 13d, 13e being parallel to the side of the end portion 11 a.

Wherein the plurality of director units 13a, 13b, 13c, 13d, 13e are not all of the same length, in a preferred embodiment the length of the director unit adjacent the end 11a is equal to or greater than the length of the director unit adjacent the radiating patch 12.

Wherein the length of each director unit may be approximately equal to one half wavelength, where the wavelengths referred to herein are for the 2.4GHz band.

In this embodiment, the metamaterial antenna cover 20 is set to be the same as the radiation direction of the signal, and functions to suppress surface waves propagating along a non-radiation direction instead of guiding, so as to reduce side lobes and play a role in gathering beams, so that the radiation signal propagates along the radiation direction as completely as possible, and thus the gain of the antenna is improved fundamentally. In a preferred embodiment, the metamaterial antenna housing is used for improving the antenna gain of a 5.8GHz frequency band.

Furthermore, by arranging the director between the radiation patch and the signal output end on the antenna body, the gain in the 2.4GHz frequency band antenna can be improved, and meanwhile, the wider matching bandwidth is ensured.

In addition, in the present embodiment, by setting the shapes of the radiation patches, the antenna area is reduced while the current path is increased, and a radiation opening angle for setting the director is formed between two radiation patches, so that the antenna gain is improved and the antenna area is reduced.

Fig. 8 is a plot of the antenna return loss S11 in the 1.575GHz band, where the antenna return loss S11 is below-15 dB. Fig. 9 is a plot of the antenna return loss S11 in the 2.4GHz band, in which the return loss S11 of the antenna is below-15 dB. Fig. 10 is a plot of the antenna return loss S11 in the 5.8GHz band, where the antenna return loss S11 is below-15 dB. Fig. 11 shows the antenna gain pattern of the 1.575GHz band, and the maximum gain of the antenna reaches 9.6 dBi. Fig. 12 shows the gain pattern of the antenna in the 2.4GHz band, and the maximum gain of the antenna reaches 12.6 dBi. Fig. 13 shows the antenna gain pattern of the 5.8GHz band, and the maximum gain of the antenna reaches 15.4 dBi. Experiments prove that the performance of the antenna far exceeds that of the similar products.

The invention also provides a handheld jammer comprising any one of the jammer antennas described above.

In this document, "a" does not mean that the number of the relevant portions of the present invention is limited to "only one", and "a" does not mean that the number of the relevant portions of the present invention "more than one" is excluded.

Unless otherwise indicated, numerical ranges herein include not only the entire range within its two endpoints, but also several sub-ranges subsumed therein.

The above-listed detailed description is only a specific description of a possible embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and equivalent embodiments or modifications such as combinations, divisions or repetitions of the features without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.