阅读说明：本技术 对预润湿的基材的溶剂改性 (Solvent modification of prewetted substrates ) 是由 布赖恩·帕特里克·阿尔戈 阿卜杜斯·萨拉姆 珍妮弗·L·福西特 斯特凡尼·彼得林娜·博伊斯 于 2019-09-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了适合与纤维基材一起使用的制剂。所述制剂为预润湿的纤维基材提供增加的湿强度、高分散性和形状保持性。此类制剂包含至少一种介电调节溶剂,以及任选的水、偶联剂、盐、个人护理组分、硬质表面清洁组分或它们的组合。(The present invention provides formulations suitable for use with fibrous substrates. The formulations provide increased wet strength, high dispersibility, and shape retention to the prewetted fibrous substrate. Such formulations comprise at least one dielectric tuning solvent, and optionally water, a coupling agent, a salt, a personal care component, a hard surface cleaning component, or a combination thereof.)

1. A dispersible wipe comprising a fibrous material and a lotion formulation, wherein the lotion formulation has a dielectric constant of less than about 80.

2. The dispersible wipe of claim 1, wherein said lotion formulation comprises at least one solvent present in an amount of at least about 10 weight percent and at least one salt present in an amount of at least about 0.5 weight percent, based on the total weight of said lotion formulation.

3. The dispersible wipe of claim 2, wherein the at least one solvent comprises butylene glycol, hexylene glycol, or a combination thereof, and the at least one salt comprises calcium chloride.

4. The dispersible wipe of claim 2 wherein said lotion formulation comprises at least one solvent present in an amount of at least about 15 weight percent having at least about 5 weight percent hexylene glycol, based on the total weight of said lotion formulation.

5. The dispersible wipe of claim 2 wherein said lotion formulation comprises butylene glycol present in an amount of at least about 30 weight percent and said at least one salt comprises calcium chloride.

6. The dispersible wipe of claim 1 wherein said lotion formulation comprises at least one water miscible solvent having a dielectric constant or hansen solubility parameter that is less polar than water.

7. The dispersible wipe of claim 1 wherein said lotion formulation comprises a solvent blend comprising at least one water miscible solvent and at least one water immiscible solvent, and wherein said solvent blend is miscible with water.

8. The dispersible wipe of claim 1 wherein said lotion formulation comprises a solvent blend comprising water and at least one water miscible solvent.

9. The dispersible wipe of claim 1 wherein the lotion formulation comprises at least one solvent comprising a phenol, a monohydric alcohol, a dihydric alcohol, a polyhydric alcohol, an unsaturated fatty alcohol, an alicyclic alcohol, a glycol ether, glycerin, a glycol ether, 3-propanediol, acetone, acetonitrile, or combinations thereof.

10. The dispersible wipe of claim 6, wherein said at least one solvent comprises mineral oil, shea butter, cocoa butter, paraffin, beeswax, squalene, coconut oil, olive oil, cetyl alcohol, isopropyl myristate, glyceryl triisooctanoate, wax, synthetic oils, vegetable oils, or combinations thereof.

11. The dispersible wipe of claim 1, wherein said lotion formulation comprises at least one solvent present in an amount of from about 5 weight percent to about 80 weight percent, based on the total weight of said lotion formulation.

12. The dispersible wipe of claim 1 wherein said lotion formulation comprises at least one coupling agent.

13. The dispersible wipe of claim 12, wherein the at least one coupling agent is a nonionic surfactant comprising a polysorbate, an alkyl polyglucoside, an ethoxylated surfactant, a sorbitan derivative, a betaine, an amine oxide, or a combination thereof.

14. The dispersible wipe of claim 12, wherein said at least one coupling agent is present in an amount of from about 0.1 weight percent to about 10 weight percent based on the total weight of the lotion formulation.

15. The dispersible wipe of claim 1 wherein said lotion formulation comprises at least one fragrance.

16. The dispersible wipe of claim 15, wherein said at least one fragrance is present in an amount of about 0 wt.% to about 0.5 wt.%, based on the total weight of the lotion formulation.

17. The dispersible wipe of claim 1 wherein said lotion formulation comprises at least one preservative.

18. The dispersible wipe of claim 17, wherein said at least one preservative is present in an amount of about 0 wt.% to about 1.0 wt.%, based on the total weight of the lotion formulation.

19. The dispersible wipe of claim 1 wherein said lotion formulation comprises at least one skin protectant agent.

20. The dispersible wipe of claim 19, wherein said at least one skin protectant agent is present in an amount from about 0 wt.% to about 10 wt.%, based on the total weight of the lotion formulation.

21. The dispersible wipe of claim 1, wherein said lotion formulation comprises at least one cationic disinfectant.

22. The dispersible wipe of claim 21, wherein said at least one cationic disinfectant is present in an amount of about 0 weight percent to about 1.0 weight percent based on a total weight of said lotion formulation.

23. The dispersible wipe of claim 21, wherein said at least one cationic disinfectant comprises an alcohol, ethylene glycol, or combinations thereof present in an amount greater than about 50% by volume.

24. The dispersible wipe of claim 1 wherein said lotion formulation comprises at least one detergent.

25. The dispersible wipe of claim 24, wherein said at least one detergent is present in an amount of about 0 wt.% to about 20 wt.%, based on the total weight of said lotion formulation.

26. The dispersible wipe of claim 1 wherein said lotion formulation has a dielectric constant between about 10 and about 60.

27. The dispersible wipe of claim 1 wherein said lotion formulation has a dielectric constant between about 30 and about 80.

28. A dispersible wipe comprising a fibrous material, a water soluble binder, and a lotion formulation, wherein the lotion formulation has a dielectric constant of less than about 80.

29. The dispersible wipe of claim 28, wherein said lotion formulation comprises at least one solvent present in an amount of at least about 15 weight percent and at least one salt present in an amount of at least about 0.5 weight percent, based on a total weight of said lotion formulation.

30. The dispersible wipe of claim 29, wherein said at least one solvent includes butylene glycol and said at least one salt includes calcium chloride.

31. The dispersible wipe of claim 29, wherein said lotion formulation comprises at least one solvent present in an amount of at least about 20 weight percent based on a total weight of said lotion formulation.

32. The dispersible wipe of claim 29 wherein said lotion formulation includes butylene glycol present in an amount of at least about 20 weight percent and said at least one salt includes calcium chloride.

33. The dispersible wipe of claim 28 wherein said lotion formulation comprises at least one water miscible solvent having a dielectric constant or hansen solubility parameter that is less polar than water.

34. The dispersible wipe of claim 28 wherein said lotion formulation comprises a solvent blend comprising at least one water miscible solvent and at least one water immiscible solvent, and wherein said solvent blend is miscible with water.

35. The dispersible wipe of claim 28 wherein said lotion formulation comprises a solvent blend comprising water and at least one water miscible solvent.

36. The dispersible wipe of claim 28 wherein the lotion formulation includes at least one solvent comprising a phenol, a monohydric alcohol, a dihydric alcohol, a polyhydric alcohol, an unsaturated fatty alcohol, an alicyclic alcohol, a glycol ether, glycerin, a glycol ether, 3-propanediol, acetone, acetonitrile, or combinations thereof.

37. The dispersible wipe of claim 33, wherein said at least one solvent comprises mineral oil, shea butter, cocoa butter, paraffin, beeswax, squalene, coconut oil, olive oil, cetyl alcohol, isopropyl myristate, glyceryl triisooctanoate, wax, synthetic oils, vegetable oils, or combinations thereof.

38. The dispersible wipe of claim 28, wherein said lotion formulation comprises at least one solvent present in an amount of from about 5 weight percent to about 80 weight percent based on a total weight of said lotion formulation.

39. The dispersible wipe of claim 28, wherein said lotion formulation comprises at least one coupling agent.

40. The dispersible wipe of claim 39, wherein said at least one coupling agent is present in an amount of about 0.1 weight percent to about 5 weight percent based on a total weight of the lotion formulation.

41. The dispersible wipe of claim 28 wherein said lotion formulation comprises at least one fragrance.

42. The dispersible wipe of claim 41, wherein said at least one fragrance is present in an amount of from about 0 wt.% to about 0.5 wt.%, based on the total weight of the lotion formulation.

43. The dispersible wipe of claim 28, wherein said lotion formulation comprises at least one preservative.

44. The dispersible wipe of claim 43, wherein said at least one preservative is present in an amount of about 0% to about 1.0% by weight based on the total weight of the lotion formulation.

45. The dispersible wipe of claim 28 wherein said lotion formulation comprises at least one skin protectant agent.

46. The dispersible wipe of claim 45, wherein said at least one skin protectant agent is present in an amount from about 0 wt.% to about 10 wt.%, based on the total weight of the lotion formulation.

47. The dispersible wipe of claim 28, wherein said lotion formulation comprises at least one disinfectant.

48. The dispersible wipe of claim 47, wherein said at least one disinfectant is present in an amount of about 0 weight percent to about 1.0 weight percent based on a total weight of said lotion formulation.

49. The dispersible wipe of claim 47, wherein said at least one disinfectant comprises an alcohol, glycol, or combination thereof present in an amount greater than about 50% by volume.

50. The dispersible wipe of claim 28, wherein said lotion formulation comprises at least one detergent.

51. The dispersible wipe of claim 50, wherein said at least one detergent is present in an amount of from about 0 wt% to about 20 wt%, based on the total weight of said lotion formulation.

52. The dispersible wipe of claim 28 wherein said lotion formulation comprises at least one salt.

53. The dispersible wipe of claim 52, wherein said at least one salt comprises a cation comprising sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, aluminum, potassium, silver, tin, zinc, ammonium, or combinations thereof, and an anion selected from the group consisting of chloride, phosphate, sulfate, nitrite, or nitrate.

54. The dispersible wipe of claim 52, wherein said at least one salt is calcium chloride.

55. The dispersible wipe of claim 28 wherein said lotion formulation has a dielectric constant between about 10 and about 60.

56. The dispersible wipe of claim 28 wherein said lotion formulation has a dielectric constant between about 30 and about 80.

57. A lotion formulation suitable for use with a fibrous substrate, said lotion formulation comprising at least one solvent, wherein said formulation has a dielectric constant of less than about 80.

58. A kit comprising a nonwoven substrate and a lotion formulation, wherein the lotion formulation has a dielectric constant of less than about 80.

1. Field of the invention

The presently disclosed subject matter relates to formulations suitable for use with fibrous substrates and fibrous substrates comprising the formulations. In particular, the formulations of the present disclosure provide increased wet strength, high dispersibility, and shape retention to the prewetted fibrous substrates. Such formulations comprise at least one dielectric tuning solvent, and optionally water, a coupling agent, a salt, a personal care component, or a hard surface cleaning component.

2. Background of the invention

Formulations containing solvents are used in a variety of applications, including personal care, institutional care, and cleaning products. In particular, such formulations may be used alone or in combination with other components to maintain the dispersibility, strength, shape, and embossing pattern of the fibrous substrate. For example, such formulations may be suitable for use with pre-moistened personal care wipes (such as baby wipes, adult perineal wipes, or facial wipes). These formulations may also be suitable for use with hard surface cleaning wipes.

Existing pre-moistened personal care wipes are of high consumer interest. For example, various wipes can have strength issues and tear in use due to not having adequate wet strength when interacting with water. In addition, disposal of the wipe in a hygienic manner can be challenging. Some consumers may misunderstand that the wipe is dispersible and dispose of the material into a toilet. Other personal care wipes include amines and water-soluble binders which provide an unacceptably sticky and unpleasant odor wipe for consumer use. Some personal care wipes are held together only by hydrogen bonding, which can degrade in water-based formulations, resulting in wipes that are too weak for consumer use. Other personal care wipes include non-dispersible polymers. Current wipes have low dispersibility, resulting in hospitals and rehabilitation facilities that spend a significant amount of expense disposing of the feminine wipe as a biohazard waste. Therefore, a strong, highly dispersible wipe is highly desirable.

Current formulations include water-based or oil-based formulations. In water-based formulations, the polarity of the water disrupts the hydrogen bonding of the fibrous substrate and dissolves the water-soluble binder, thereby providing a wipe that is less strong when used by the consumer. Thus, water-based formulations provide wipes with acceptable cleaning characteristics as well as poor dispersibility or wet strength. In oil-based formulations, the oil is non-polar and does not degrade the fibrous substrate, however, the oil is undesirable for cleaning applications because it smears rather than removes soils such as fecal matter. Because oil does not readily disperse in water, an oil coated substrate will not readily disperse in water. Thus, oil-based formulations provide wipes with acceptable strength, as well as poor dispensing and cleaning characteristics. Thus, such formulations do not provide effective cleaning fibrous substrates with increased wet strength and high dispersibility.

Thus, it is desirable that the formulations provide premoistened wipes having increased wet strength, high dispersibility, shape retention, and effective cleaning properties suitable for consumer use. Thus, there remains a need in the art for formulations effective in providing increased wet strength, high dispersibility, and compatibility with raw materials beneficial for pre-wetted cleaning fibrous substrates. The presently disclosed subject matter addresses these and other needs.

3. Summary of the invention

The presently disclosed subject matter provides formulations suitable for use with pre-wetted fibrous substrates and pre-wetted fibrous substrates including the formulations. It has been surprisingly and advantageously found that the formulations disclosed herein provide a prewetted fibrous substrate having increased wet strength, high dispersibility, and shape retention in addition to compatibility with a variety of cleaning solutions. Such formulations comprise at least one dielectric constant adjusting solvent, and optionally water, a coupling agent, a salt, a personal care component, or a hard surface cleaning component, as discussed in further detail below. The dielectric constant (DEC) and reduced solubility of the binder, such as carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), of the formulations of the present disclosure surprisingly and advantageously provide a fibrous material with increased sheet strength and high dispersibility.

The presently disclosed subject matter provides a dispersible wipe comprising a fibrous material and a lotion formulation. The lotion formulation has a dielectric constant of less than about 80. In certain embodiments, the lotion formulation can have a dielectric constant between about 10 and about 60 or between about 30 and about 80.

In certain embodiments, the lotion formulation can comprise at least one solvent present in an amount of at least about 10 wt.% and at least one salt present in an amount of at least about 0.5 wt.%, based on the total weight of the lotion formulation. In certain embodiments, the at least one solvent may comprise butylene glycol, hexylene glycol, or a combination thereof, and the at least one salt may comprise calcium chloride. In certain embodiments, the at least one solvent may be present in an amount of at least about 15 wt% with at least about 5 wt% hexylene glycol, based on the total weight of the lotion formulation. In certain embodiments, the lotion formulation can include butylene glycol present in an amount of at least about 30% by weight, and the at least one salt can include calcium chloride.

In certain embodiments, the lotion formulation can comprise at least one water-miscible solvent having a dielectric constant or hansen solubility parameter that is less polar than water. In certain embodiments, the at least one solvent may comprise mineral oil, shea butter, cocoa butter, paraffin, beeswax, squalene, coconut oil, olive oil, cetyl alcohol, isopropyl myristate, triisocaprylic glyceride, wax, synthetic oil, vegetable oil, or combinations thereof.

In certain embodiments, the lotion formulation can comprise a solvent blend comprising at least one water-miscible solvent and at least one water-immiscible solvent. The solvent blend may be miscible with water.

In certain embodiments, the lotion formulation can comprise a solvent blend comprising water and at least one water-miscible solvent.

In certain embodiments, the lotion formulation can include at least one solvent comprising phenol, monohydric alcohol, dihydric alcohol, polyhydric alcohol, unsaturated aliphatic alcohol, cycloaliphatic alcohol, ethylene glycol, glycol ether, glycerin, glycol ether, 3-propanediol, acetone, acetonitrile, or combinations thereof.

In certain embodiments, the lotion formulation can include at least one solvent present in an amount from about 5 wt.% to about 80 wt.%, based on the total weight of the lotion formulation.

In certain embodiments, the lotion formulation can include at least one coupling agent. The at least one coupling agent may be a nonionic surfactant including a polysorbate, an alkyl polyglucoside, an ethoxylated surfactant, a sorbitan derivative, a betaine, an amine oxide, or a combination thereof. The at least one coupling agent can be present in an amount from about 0.1 wt% to about 10 wt%, based on the total weight of the lotion formulation.

In certain embodiments, the lotion formulation can comprise at least one fragrance. The at least one fragrance can be present in an amount from about 0 wt% to about 0.5 wt%, based on the total weight of the lotion formulation.

In certain embodiments, the lotion formulation can include at least one preservative. The at least one preservative may be present in an amount of about 0 wt% to about 1.0 wt%, based on the total weight of the lotion formulation.

In certain embodiments, the lotion formulation can include at least one skin protectant agent. The at least one skin protectant agent may be present in an amount from about 0 wt% to about 10 wt%, based on the total weight of the lotion formulation.

In certain embodiments, the lotion formulation comprises at least one cationic antiseptic. The at least one cationic disinfecting agent can be present in an amount from about 0 wt% to about 1.0 wt%, based on the total weight of the lotion formulation. In certain embodiments, the at least one cationic disinfectant may comprise an alcohol, glycol, or combination thereof present in an amount greater than about 50% by volume.

In certain embodiments, the lotion formulation comprises at least one detergent. The at least one detergent may be present in an amount of about 0 wt% to about 20 wt%, based on the total weight of the lotion formulation.

The presently disclosed subject matter also provides a dispersible wipe comprising a fibrous material, a water-soluble binder, and a lotion formulation. The lotion formulation has a dielectric constant of less than about 80. In certain embodiments, the lotion formulation can have a dielectric constant between about 10 and about 60 or between about 30 and about 80.

In certain embodiments, the lotion formulation can comprise at least one solvent present in an amount of at least about 15 wt.% and at least one salt present in an amount of at least about 0.5 wt.%, based on the total weight of the lotion formulation. In certain embodiments, the at least one solvent may comprise butylene glycol, and the at least one salt may comprise calcium chloride. In certain embodiments, the at least one solvent can be present in an amount of at least about 20 wt-%, based on the total weight of the lotion formulation. In certain embodiments, the lotion formulation can include butylene glycol present in an amount of at least about 20% by weight, and the at least one salt can include calcium chloride.

In certain embodiments, the lotion formulation can comprise at least one water-miscible solvent having a dielectric constant or hansen solubility parameter that is less polar than water. In certain embodiments, the at least one solvent may comprise mineral oil, shea butter, cocoa butter, paraffin, beeswax, squalene, coconut oil, olive oil, cetyl alcohol, isopropyl myristate, triisocaprylic glyceride, wax, synthetic oil, vegetable oil, or combinations thereof.

In certain embodiments, the lotion formulation can comprise a solvent blend comprising at least one water-miscible solvent and at least one water-immiscible solvent. The solvent blend may be miscible with water.

In certain embodiments, the lotion formulation can comprise a solvent blend comprising water and at least one water-miscible solvent.

In certain embodiments, the lotion formulation can include at least one solvent comprising phenol, monohydric alcohol, dihydric alcohol, polyhydric alcohol, unsaturated aliphatic alcohol, cycloaliphatic alcohol, ethylene glycol, glycol ether, glycerin, glycol ether, 3-propanediol, acetone, acetonitrile, or combinations thereof.

In certain embodiments, the lotion formulation can include at least one solvent present in an amount from about 5 wt.% to about 80 wt.%, based on the total weight of the lotion formulation.

In certain embodiments, the lotion formulation can include at least one coupling agent. The at least one coupling agent can be present in an amount from about 0.1 wt% to about 5 wt%, based on the total weight of the lotion formulation.

In certain embodiments, the lotion formulation can comprise at least one fragrance. The at least one fragrance can be present in an amount from about 0 wt% to about 0.5 wt%, based on the total weight of the lotion formulation.

In certain embodiments, the lotion formulation can include at least one disinfecting agent. The at least one disinfecting agent may be present in an amount of about 0 wt% to about 1.0 wt%, based on the total weight of the lotion formulation. The at least one disinfecting agent may comprise an alcohol, glycol, or combination thereof present in an amount greater than about 50% by volume.

In certain embodiments, the lotion formulation can comprise at least one detergent. The at least one detergent may be present in an amount of about 0 wt% to about 20 wt%, based on the total weight of the lotion formulation.

In certain embodiments, the lotion formulation comprises at least one salt. The at least one salt may comprise a cation comprising sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, aluminum, potassium, silver, tin, zinc, ammonium, or combinations thereof, and an anion selected from the group consisting of chloride, phosphate, sulfate, nitrite, or nitrate. In certain embodiments, the at least one salt is calcium chloride.

The presently disclosed subject matter also provides lotion formulations suitable for use with fibrous substrates. The lotion formulation comprises at least one solvent and has a dielectric constant of less than about 80.

The presently disclosed subject matter also provides a kit comprising a nonwoven substrate and the lotion formulation provided herein. The lotion formulation has a dielectric constant of less than about 80.

The foregoing has outlined rather broadly the features and technical advantages of the present application in order that the detailed description that follows may be better understood. Additional features and advantages of the application will be described hereinafter which form the subject of the claims of the application. It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the conception and specific embodiment disclosed may be readily utilized as a basis for modifying or designing other structures for carrying out the same purposes of the present application. It should also be realized by those skilled in the art that such equivalent constructions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the application as set forth in the appended claims. The novel features which are believed to be characteristic of the application, both as to its organization and method of operation, together with further objects and advantages will be better understood from the following description.

4. Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 depicts a graph showing CDW and MDW tensile strength of samples containing various solvents to test the effect of solvents on hydrogen bonding according to example 1. The graph shows the CDW and MDW tensile strength (y-axis) versus the solvent contained in the sample (x-axis). For each sample, the left column represents CDW tensile strength (% of dry strength) and the right column represents MDW tensile strength (% of dry strength).

Fig. 2 depicts a graph showing the increase in CDW and MDW tensile strength relative to water for samples containing various solvents blended with a tissue substrate to test the effect of the solvents on hydrogen bonding according to example 1. The graph shows the increase in tensile strength of CDW and MDW relative to water (y-axis) versus the solvent contained in the sample (x-axis). For each sample, the left column represents the increase in CDW tensile strength relative to water (%), and the right column represents the increase in MDW tensile strength relative to water (%).

Fig. 3 depicts a graph showing CDW and MDW tensile strength and dielectric constant of samples according to example 1 to test the effect of solvent on hydrogen bonding. The figure shows the CDW and MDW tensile strength (y-axis) versus dielectric constant (x-axis) and shows the effect of dielectric constant on tensile retention.

Fig. 4 depicts a graph showing the ball burst force of samples containing various solvents to test the effect of solvent on binder dissolution according to example 1. The graph shows the ball burst force (y-axis) versus solvent concentration (x-axis) and shows the effect of solvent mixed with water on the ball burst force. Line (a) represents the results for the ball burst force (lb.) for the glycerol-based samples. Line (B) represents the ball burst force (lb.) results for the butanediol-based samples. Line (C) represents the results for ball burst force (lb.) for the sample based on dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether.

Fig. 5A-5C depict contour plots showing the ball burst force for samples containing various lotions as provided in example 7. Fig. 5A provides the calcium chloride and butanediol concentrations at 2.00% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) as a function of ball burst force. Fig. 5B provides the calcium chloride and butanediol concentrations at 2.45% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) as a function of ball burst force. Fig. 5C provides the calcium chloride and butanediol concentrations at 2.90% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) as a function of ball burst force.

Fig. 6A-6C depict contour plots showing ball burst force versus dry retention (% dry) for samples containing various lotions as provided in example 7. Fig. 6A provides the relationship of calcium chloride and butanediol concentrations at 2.00% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) to ball burst force-dry retention (% dry). Fig. 6B provides the relationship of calcium chloride and butanediol concentrations at 2.45% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) versus ball burst force-dry retention (% dry). Fig. 6C provides the relationship of calcium chloride and butanediol concentrations at 2.90% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) versus ball burst force-dry retention (% dry).

Fig. 7A-7C depict contour plots showing the CDW tensile strength of samples containing various lotions as provided in example 8. Fig. 7A provides the calcium chloride and butanediol concentrations at 2.00% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) as a function of CDW tensile strength. Fig. 7B provides the calcium chloride and butanediol concentrations at 2.45% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) as a function of CDW tensile strength. Fig. 7C provides the calcium chloride and butanediol concentrations at 2.90% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) as a function of CDW tensile strength.

Figures 8A-8C depict contour plots showing MDW tensile strength of samples containing various lotions as provided in example 8. Fig. 8A provides the calcium chloride and butanediol concentrations at 2.00% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) as a function of MDW tensile strength. Fig. 7B provides the calcium chloride and butanediol concentrations at 2.45% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) as a function of MDW tensile strength. Fig. 7C provides the calcium chloride and butanediol concentrations at 2.90% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) as a function of MDW tensile strength.

Fig. 9 depicts a graph showing the average percent solids after filtration versus carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) added in order of increasing calcium chloride concentration for various lotions according to example 11.

Fig. 10 depicts a graph showing the average percent solids after filtration versus carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) added in order of increasing butanediol concentration for various lotions according to example 11.

Fig. 11A-11C depict graphs showing carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) filtrates of 0.5% calcium chloride and 15% butanediol, 30% butanediol, and 45% butanediol (% of the original CMC) for various lotions according to example 11, respectively. Figure 11A provides a carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) filtrate (% of original CMC) of 0.5% calcium chloride and 15% butanediol. Figure 11B provides a carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) filtrate (% of original CMC) of 0.5% calcium chloride and 30% butanediol. Figure 11C provides a carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) filtrate (% of original CMC) of 0.5% calcium chloride and 45% butanediol.

Fig. 12A-12C depict graphs showing carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) filtrates of 2.5% calcium chloride and 15% butanediol, 30% butanediol, and 45% butanediol (% of the original CMC) according to various lotions of example 11, respectively. Figure 12A provides a carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) filtrate (% of original CMC) of 2.5% calcium chloride and 15% butanediol. Figure 12B provides a carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) filtrate (% of original CMC) of 2.5% calcium chloride and 30% butanediol. Figure 12C provides a carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) filtrate (% of original CMC) of 2.5% calcium chloride and 45% butanediol.

5. Detailed description of the preferred embodiments

The presently disclosed subject matter relates to formulations suitable for use with fibrous substrates and fibrous substrates comprising the formulations. In particular, the formulations of the present disclosure uniquely provide increased wet strength, high dispersibility, and shape retention to pre-wetted fibrous substrates. The dielectric constant (DEC) and binder solubility of such formulations are surprising and advantageously provide fibrous substrates having high wet strength and high dispersibility.

The presently disclosed subject matter provides formulations suitable for use with fibrous substrates (such as personal care wipes) that allow the fibrous substrate to rapidly disperse into individual fibers. By having a lower dielectric constant than water, the solvent included in the formulations of the present disclosure can retain hydrogen bonds and thus maintain the embossed pattern and shape of the fibrous substrate, providing wipes with improved cleaning and brand recognition. The formulations of the presently disclosed subject matter also allow for the use of a variety of substrates with little or no binder, which significantly reduces substrate cost. By balancing the polarity of such formulations with the strength of the individual substrates, it is also easy to minimize overall product cost.

The formulations of the presently disclosed subject matter can affect dispersible fibrous substrates in several ways. If the dispersible fibrous substrate has a high dry strength, primarily due to hydrogen bonding, a large portion of the dry strength can remain in the wipe immediately dispersed upon exposure to water. The formulations of the present disclosure may also reduce the solubility of water-soluble binders. As the polarity of the formulation decreases, the solubility of the binder decreases and the substrate strengthens. In addition, such formulations of the present disclosure can amplify the effect of the salt while reducing the solubility of the binder, such that using low levels of salt further reduces the solubility of the binder in a very economical, skin-friendly manner.

These and other aspects of the presently disclosed subject matter are discussed in more detail in this specification and in the examples that follow.

A. Definition of

The terms used in this specification generally have their ordinary meaning in the art, both in the context of the present subject matter and in the specific context in which each term is used. Certain terms are defined below to provide additional guidance in describing the compositions and methods of the disclosed subject matter and how to make and use them.

As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Thus, for example, reference to "a compound" includes mixtures of compounds.

The term "about" or "approximately" means within an acceptable error range for the particular value as determined by one of ordinary skill in the art, which error range will depend in part on the manner in which the value is measured or determined, i.e., the limitations of the measurement system. For example, "about" can mean within three or more standard deviations, according to practice in the art. Alternatively, "about" may mean a range of up to 20%, preferably up to 10%, more preferably up to 5%, and still more preferably up to 1% of a given value. Also, particularly with respect to systems or processes, the term may mean within an order of magnitude of a value, preferably within five times a value, and more preferably within two times a value.

As used herein, the term "dielectric constant" refers to the ratio of the permittivity of a substance to the permittivity of free space, which is a relative measure of chemical polarity. The dielectric constant of pure materials is readily measured, however, modeled dielectric constants are difficult to estimate, as provided in Journal of pharmaceuticals, Vol.269(2) (2004)353-360, Journal of U.S. Pat. No. 5, incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

As used herein, the term "weight percent" refers to the amount of an ingredient or component in a formulation as a percentage by weight of the total weight of the formulation. The terms "weight percent" and "wt%" are used interchangeably.

B. Formulation components

The presently disclosed subject matter relates to formulations suitable for use with fibrous substrates. In particular, the formulation comprises at least one dielectric tuning solvent, and optionally water, a coupling agent, a salt, a personal care component, or a hard surface cleaning component.

i. Solvent(s)

The formulations of the present disclosure comprise at least one dielectric tuning solvent. In certain embodiments, the solvent may have a lower dielectric constant than water. In certain embodiments, the solvent may be miscible with water. In certain embodiments, the formulation may comprise a solvent that has a lower dielectric constant than water and is miscible with water. In an alternative embodiment, the solvent may be immiscible with water.

The disclosed formulations may include one or more solvents. As used herein, "solvent blend" also refers to a blend comprising one or more solvents. In certain embodiments, the formulation may comprise a solvent blend comprising at least one water miscible solvent and at least one water immiscible solvent. The water-immiscible solvent may be present in a relatively low amount such that the solvent blend remains miscible with water. The water-immiscible solvent can significantly reduce the dielectric constant of the solvent blend.

Solvents suitable for use in the formulations of the present disclosure are provided in table 1.

TABLE 1。

Detergents suitable for hard surfaces

In certain embodiments, the solvent or solvent blend may be diluted with water. The solvent or solvent blend may have a dielectric constant lower than water, which has a dielectric constant of about 80.1. The solvent or solvent blend may have an overall dielectric constant between about 1 and about 80, between about 5 and about 60, between about 10 and about 60, between about 30 and about 80, between about 1 and about 75, between about 2 and about 70, or between about 3 and about 65. In certain embodiments, the dielectric constant of the solvent or solvent blend may be less than about 80, less than about 75, or less than about 60. In particular embodiments, the dielectric constant of the solvent or solvent blend may be about 5, about 10, about 15, about 25, about 30, about 45, about 50, about 55, about 60, about 65, about 70, about 75, or about 80.

In certain embodiments, the solvent or solvent blend may be diluted with water to form a solvent-water blend. In such solvent-water blends, the dielectric constant of the solvent or solvent blend may be between about 10 and about 75, between about 30 and about 70, or between about 40 and about 65.

In certain embodiments, a solvent or solvent blend may be diluted with water and at least one salt to form a solvent, water, and salt blend. While solvents can lower the dielectric constant, the addition of salts increases the dielectric constant of the formulation. In certain embodiments, the blend may have a dielectric constant between about 10 and about 75, between about 30 and about 70, or between about 40 and about 65. In certain embodiments, the solvent or solvent blend may be diluted with water prior to the addition of the one or more salts. In certain solvent-water blends, the total blend may have a dielectric constant between about 10 and about 75, between about 30 and about 70, or between about 40 and about 65 prior to the addition of the one or more salts.

In certain embodiments, the solvent or solvent blend may be diluted with a personal care component such as a pH adjuster, a humectant, an emollient, a skin protectant, a polymer, a coupling agent, a mild cleanser, or a combination thereof. The overall dielectric constant of these formulations may be between about 10 and about 95, between about 30 and about 70, or between about 40 and about 70.

In certain embodiments, the solvent or solvent blend may be diluted with a hard surface cleaning component, such as a builder, salt, surfactant, or combination thereof. While at least one solvent may lower the dielectric constant, the addition of builders and surfactants may increase the dielectric constant of the formulation. In certain embodiments, the solvent or solvent blend may be diluted with water prior to the addition of the builder, salt, surfactant, or combination thereof. In the solvent-water blend, the total mixture may have a dielectric constant of between about 10 and about 75, between about 30 and about 70, or between about 40 and about 65 prior to the addition of builders, salts, surfactants, or combinations thereof.

In certain embodiments, hansen solubility parameters may be used to describe miscible solvents of low polarity. Hansen solubility parameters in Hansen, c.,Hansen Solubility Parameters,A User's Handbook2 nd edition, 2007, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. The hansen solubility parameter uses three parameters: dispersity (. delta.) of_D) Polarity (delta)_P) And hydrogen bonding (. delta.)_H). Each parameter is equally applicable to modifying the formulation. The parameters can be modified individually or collectively as long as the formulation is miscible with water, retains hydrogen bonding, and reduces binder solubility. Each solvent need not be miscible with water, so long as the blend is readily miscible with water. Immiscible solvents can reduce the hansen solubility parameter and when combined with a sufficient amountIn combination with a dispersible pre-moistened wipe is acceptable.

In certain embodiments, a solvent or solvent blend may be combined with the substrate in the absence of water. In certain embodiments, the solvent or solvent blend may be readily miscible with water in the absence of water. Some of the solvents in the blend may be immiscible solvents and thus may disproportionately change the dielectric constant. Thus, the immiscible solvent and miscible solvent may be mixed at a sufficiently low concentration that the solvent blend is miscible with water. If the wipe coating is not sufficiently miscible with water, the dispersibility of the wipe is correspondingly reduced.

In certain embodiments, the solvent or solvent blend is mixed with water prior to application to the fibrous substrate. The solvent or solvent blend may be miscible with water. The solvent blend may contain high levels of water so long as the dielectric constant of the final solution is sufficient to maintain hydrogen bonding of the fibers and/or reduce the solubility of the binder. Some solvents, such as isopropyl alcohol, may be used at a concentration of about 100%, and may be blended with water, where the fibrous base material is strengthened by hydrogen bonding. However, water-solvent blends containing solvents such as isopropanol are not suitable for use with water-soluble binders because isopropanol separates rapidly when used on substrates containing small amounts of salt or dissolved binder.

In certain embodiments, at least one salt-stable and miscible solvent or solvent blend may be mixed with water and salt and added to the fibrous base material along with a water-soluble binder to reduce the water solubility of the binder and strengthen the base sheet.

In certain embodiments, the solvent or solvent blend may be mixed with water and personal care components such as pH adjusters, preservatives, builders, botanicals, colorants, fragrances, surfactants, emollients, skin protectants, and dispersible fibrous substrates.

In certain embodiments, the solvent or solvent blend may be mixed with water and hard surface cleaning components (such as pH adjusters, preservatives, builders, surface protectants, colorants, fragrances, surfactants, disinfectants, and dispersible fibrous substrates).

In certain embodiments, the solvent may have a flash point in the range of from about 10 ℃ to about 200 ℃. In certain embodiments, at least one solvent may have a low flash point. For example, in certain embodiments, the solvent may have a flash point in the range of from about 10 ℃ to about 37 ℃. In an alternative embodiment, the solvent may have a high flash point in the range of about 40 ℃ to about 200 ℃.

All solvents suitable for use in the present disclosure reduce the solubility of the binder and protect the hydrogen bonding of the fibers by reducing the dielectric constant or changing the hansen solubility parameter of the formulations of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the solvent or solvent blend may be present in an amount of about 1% to about 100% by weight, based on the total weight of the formulation. In some embodiments, the solvent or solvent blend may be present in an amount of from about 5 wt% to about 50 wt%, from about 5 wt% to about 35 wt%, or from about 5 wt% to about 10 wt%, based on the total weight of the formulation. In particular embodiments, the solvent or solvent blend may be present in an amount of about 5 wt.%, about 10 wt.%, about 25 wt.%, about 50 wt.%, about 75 wt.%, about 90 wt.%, or about 99 wt.%, based on the total weight of the formulation. In certain embodiments, the solvent or solvent blend may be present in an amount of at least about 10 weight percent, at least about 15 weight percent, at least about 20 weight percent, or at least about 30 weight percent, based on the total weight of the formulation.

In certain embodiments, the solvent or solvent blend may include butanediol, hexanediol, or a combination thereof. In particular embodiments, the solvent or solvent blend may comprise hexylene glycol present in an amount of at least about 10 weight percent, based on the total weight of the formulation. In particular embodiments, the solvent or solvent blend may comprise butanediol present in an amount of at least about 15 wt% and hexanediol present in an amount of at least about 5 wt%, based on the total weight of the formulation. In particular embodiments, the solvent or solvent blend may comprise butanediol present in an amount of at least about 10 wt.%, at least about 15 wt.%, at least about 20 wt.%, or at least about 30 wt.%, based on the total weight of the formulation.

In certain embodiments, the solvent or solvent blend may include any miscible solvent having a dielectric constant lower than water. Suitable solvents include, but are not limited to, phenols, monohydric alcohols, dihydric alcohols, polyhydric alcohols, unsaturated aliphatic alcohols, cycloaliphatic alcohols, glycols, glycol ethers, glycerol, glycol ethers, 3-propanediol, acetone, acetonitrile, and combinations thereof. Glycol ethers include butyl carbitol, Dowanol^TMDPM or other Dowanol^TMSolvent (Dow Chemical, Midland, MI, USA). The 1-membered alcohol includes methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, t-butanol or n-hexanol. The dihydric and polyhydric alcohols include propylene glycol, butylene glycol, hexylene glycol, glycerin, and 1, 3-propanediol. One skilled in the art will appreciate that a variety of solvent dielectric constant modifiers are suitable for use in the formulations disclosed herein.

The formulations of the present disclosure may also contain immiscible solvents, so long as such solvents are present in sufficiently low amounts that the formulation applied to the fibrous substrate remains miscible with water. The immiscible solvent may have a lower dielectric constant than the miscible solvent. Thus, a solvent blend comprising miscible and immiscible solvents can lower the overall dielectric constant than a formulation comprising miscible solvents. Suitable immiscible solvents include, but are not limited to, mineral oil, shea butter, cocoa butter, paraffin, beeswax, squalene, coconut oil, olive oil, cetyl alcohol, isopropyl myristate, glyceryl triisooctanoate, waxes, synthetic oils and other vegetable oils. The lower dielectric constant of the immiscible or miscible solvent reduces the amount of total solvent needed to drive the overall system dielectric constant to a minimum level.

And ii. Coupling agent

The disclosed formulations may also include at least one coupling agent. In certain embodiments, the at least one coupling agent may include a polyxylene sorbitan fatty acid derivative (BASF, Florham Park, NJ), such as polysorbate 20, polysorbate 40, polysorbate 60, and polysorbate 80,BG-10、CG-50、CG-600、CG-650、CG-11-alkylpolyglucoside (Dow Chemical, Midland, MI),1200UP、2000UP、820UP、818UP、LGC Sorb andEASY(BASF,Florham Park,NJ)、Tergitol^TM15-S-7、Tergitol^TM15-S-9、Tergitol^TM15-S-15、Tergitol^TM15-S-20、Tergitol^TM15-S-30、Tergitol^TMTMN 6、Tergitol^TMTMN 10(Dow Chemical, Midland, MI), Tomamine Amphitic L (Evonik, Allentown, Pa.), PEG cetyl/oleyl ether (such as Teric @)^TM17A3,Teric^TM17A8(Huntsman Performance Products, The Woodlands, TX)) or combinations thereof. Those skilled in the art will appreciateVarious coupling agents are suitable for use in the formulations of the present disclosure.

The coupling agent may be present in an amount of about 0 wt% to about 20 wt%, about 0 wt% to about 10 wt%, or about 0.1 wt% to about 10 wt%, based on the total weight of the formulation. In some embodiments, the coupling agent may be present in an amount of about 0 wt% to about 5 wt%, or about 0.1 wt% to about 5 wt%, based on the total weight of the formulation. In some embodiments, the coupling agent may be present in an amount of about 0 wt% to about 2 wt%, based on the total weight of the formulation. In particular embodiments, the coupling agent may be present in an amount of about 0.1 wt.%, about 0.5 wt.%, about 1 wt.%, about 5 wt.%, about 8 wt.%, about 10 wt.%, about 15 wt.%, or about 20 wt.%, based on the total weight of the formulation.

And iii. Salt (salt)

The disclosed formulations may also include one or more salts. In certain embodiments, the one or more salts can include a cation, such as sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, zinc, copper (I) or copper (II), tin (II) or tin (IV), ammonium, aluminum, iron (II) or iron (III), and an anion, such as hydroxide, chloride, fluoride, iodide, bromide, sulfate, sulfite, phosphate, carbonate, citrate, nitrate, acetate, or any salt deemed safe and effective for the application. For example, but not limited to, the one or more salts can include sodium chloride (NaCl), calcium chloride (CaCl)₂) And combinations thereof, those skilled in the art will appreciate that a variety of salts are suitable for use in the formulations of the present disclosure.

In certain embodiments, the one or more salts may be present in an amount of about 0 wt% to about 10 wt%, based on the total weight of the formulation. In certain embodiments, the one or more salts may be present in an amount of from about 0 wt% to about 4 wt%, or from about 0 wt% to about 2 wt%, based on the total weight of the formulation. In particular embodiments, the one or more salts may be present in an amount of about 0.5 wt%, about 1 wt%, about 1.5 wt%, about 2 wt%, about 2.5 wt%, about 3 wt%, or about 4 wt%, based on the total weight of the formulation. In certain embodiments, the one or more salts may be present in an amount of at least about 0.5 wt%, at least about 1 wt%, or at least about 1.5 wt%, based on the total weight of the formulation.

Although the salt is a polar substance, the salt may be used in the formulations of the present disclosure having a reduced dielectric constant or hansen solubility parameter. Without being bound by a particular theory, in solvent-water blends and fibrous substrates comprising dispersible binders, the salt can act synergistically with the solvent-water blend to increase wet strength while maintaining dispersibility. The salt may reduce the solubility of the binder, and the solvent-water blend may also reduce the solubility of the binder. Less water is available to dissolve the binder because the salt reduces the free water activity. Additionally, the multivalent ions may displace sodium ions in the binder (e.g., sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC)), thereby further reducing the binder solubility. Decreasing the polarity of the formulation may increase the effectiveness of the salt in reducing the solubility of the binder.

iv. Personal care compositions

The disclosed formulations may also contain one or more components for use in personal care applications. In certain embodiments, one or more personal care components may include preservatives, fragrances, skin protectants (such as humectants and/or emollients), thickeners, chelating agents, pH adjusting agents, and combinations thereof. However, one skilled in the art will appreciate that various personal care components may also be present, such as those typically used in the art in formulations suitable for use with fibrous substrates.

Preservative

In certain embodiments, the formulation may comprise one or more preservatives. Preservatives generally lower the dielectric constant of the formulation. In some embodiments, the aqueous glycol formulation may be self-preserved. In other embodiments, the formulation may require a preservative. Any suitable preservative, including combinations or blends thereof, may be incorporated into the formulations of the present disclosure. Preservatives can include mixtures of organic acids and alcohols that further increase the reduction in the dielectric constant of the disclosed formulations.

In certain embodiments, the one or more preservatives can include phenoxyethanol (Optiphen PO, Ashland, Bridgewater, NJ), benzyl alcohol/dehydroacetic acid/benzoic acid (r) ((r))BPD, Thor Personal Care, Compex gne, France), benzyl alcohol dehydroacetic acid/benzoic acid (BDB, Thor Personal Care, Compex gne, France), dehydroacetic acid (Geogard 111, Lonza, Basel, Switzerland), phenoxyethanol/ethylhexylglycerol (R: (R) ((R))PE 9010, Shu lke, Norderstadt, Germany), phenoxyethanol/octandiol (Optiphen 200, Ashland, Bridgewater, NJ), phenoxyethanol/octandiol/decanediol (R) ((R)PDHG2, Thor Personal Care, Compede gne, France), 1, 2-hexanediol/phenyl propanol ((R)APHX, Thor Personal Care, comp gne, France), xylitol/capryl glycol (Hebeatol CG, chemyryuon, Sao Paulo, Brazil), butylene/benzyl alcohol/sorbic acid/caprylic/capric triglyceride/lauryl/myristyl alcohol (Geogard LSA, Lonza, Basel, Switzerland), Kathon CG (Dow Chemical, Midland, MI), or combinations thereof. One skilled in the art will appreciate that a variety of preservatives are suitable for use in the formulations of the present disclosure.

In certain embodiments, one or more preservatives may be present in an amount of about 0% to about 2.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the formulation, depending on the preservative used. In some embodiments, the one or more preservatives may be present in an amount of from about 0.2% to about 1.6%, from about 0.5% to about 1.5%, or from about 0.5% to about 1.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the formulation. In particular embodiments, the one or more preservatives may be present in an amount of about 0.2 wt%, about 0.5 wt%, about 0.8 wt%, about 1 wt%, about 1.5 wt%, about 1.6 wt%, about 1.8 wt%, or about 2 wt%, based on the total weight of the formulation.

Aromatic agent

In certain embodiments, the formulation may comprise one or more fragrances. The use of a fragrance may enhance the consumer experience by providing a prewetted fibrous substrate with a pleasant smell. In certain embodiments, the one or more fragrances may include a cosmetic grade fragrance. One skilled in the art will appreciate that a variety of fragrances are suitable for use in the formulations of the present disclosure.

The one or more fragrances may be present in an amount of from about 0 wt% to about 0.5 wt%, based on the total weight of the formulation. In some embodiments, the one or more fragrances may be present in an amount of from about 0 wt% to about 0.2 wt%, or from about 0 wt% to about 0.1 wt%, based on the total weight of the formulation. In certain embodiments, one or more fragrances may be present in an amount of from about 0 wt.% to about 0.05 wt.%, based on the total weight of the formulation. In particular embodiments, one or more fragrances may be present in an amount of 0.05 wt%, about 0.08 wt%, about 0.1 wt%, about 0.2 wt%, about 0.3 wt%, about 0.4 wt%, or about 0.5 wt%, based on the total weight of the formulation.

Skin protective agent

In certain embodiments, the formulation may comprise one or more skin protectants. The one or more skin protectants may include a humectant to keep moisture on the skin. Such humectants include water soluble sugars. Water soluble sugars can further reduce the dielectric constant of the formulation. Suitable water soluble sugars include, for example, glucose, galactose, fructose, mannose, sucrose, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the humectant may be present in an amount of from about 0 wt% to about 10 wt%, from about 0 wt% to about 2 wt%, or from about 0 wt% to about 0.5 wt%, based on the total weight of the formulation. In particular embodiments, the humectant may be present in an amount of 0.5 wt%, about 1 wt%, about 1.5 wt%, about 2 wt%, or about 5 wt%, based on the total weight of the formulation. In some embodiments, the one or more skin protectants may include emollients that soften the skin when the occlusive protective barrier is formed. Suitable emollients include, for example, mineral oil, shea butter, cocoa butter, mineral oil, paraffin, beeswax, squalene, coconut oil, olive oil, cetyl alcohol, isopropyl myristate, tri-isooctyl ester, vegetable oils, or combinations thereof. Since the dielectric constant of these emollients is about 3, the overall dielectric constant of the formulation can be reduced. In certain embodiments, emollients may be added in small amounts to maintain miscibility of the formulation. In some embodiments, the emollient may be present in an amount of about 0 wt% to about 5 wt%, about 0 wt% to about 1 wt%, or about 0 wt% to about 0.5 wt%, based on the total weight of the formulation. In particular embodiments, the emollient may be present in an amount of about 0.05 wt%, about 0.1 wt%, about 0.2 wt%, about 0.5 wt%, about 1 wt%, about 1.5 wt%, about 2 wt%, or about 5 wt%, based on the total weight of the formulation.

In some embodiments, the one or more skin protectants may include cocamidopropyl PG-dimethylammonium chloride phosphate ester(s) ((s))Lipid C) (Colonial Chemical, South Pittsburgh, TN), silicone, Bis-PEG-18 methyl ether dimethylsilane (Gransil VX-406), a film forming surfactant, or combinations thereof. In certain embodiments, the one or more skin protectants may include, for example, lauroyl lysine, Ethylene Glycol Distearate (EGDS), polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS, silicone fluids, of various viscosities), vegetable oils (e.g., coconut oil, avocado oil, or olive oil), Dowsil EP 9801 cosmetic hydrate powder (dimethicone/vinyl dimethicone crosspolymer along with silica and butylene glycol), fatty acid esters and blends, esterquats (e.g., rewoven WE 45), or combinations thereof.In certain embodiments, the one or more skin protectants may be present in an amount of about 0 wt.% to about 15 wt.%, about 0 wt.% to about 5 wt.%, or about 0 wt.% to about 2 wt.%, based on the total weight of the formulation. In some embodiments, the one or more skin protectants comprising silicone may be present in an amount of from about 0 wt% to about 10 wt%, from about 0 wt% to about 5 wt%, or from about 0 wt% to about 2 wt%, based on the total weight of the formulation. In some embodiments, one or more skin protectants including cocamidopropyl PG-dimethylammonium chloride phosphate may be present in an amount of about 0 wt% to about 10 wt%, about 0 wt% to about 5 wt%, or about 0 wt% to about 2 wt%, based on the total weight of the formulation. In particular embodiments, the one or more skin protectants may be present in an amount of about 0.5 wt.%, about 1 wt.%, about 2 wt.%, about 5 wt.%, about 8 wt.%, or about 10 wt.%, based on the total weight of the formulation. One skilled in the art will appreciate that a variety of skin protectants are suitable for use in the formulations of the present disclosure.

Thickening agent

In certain embodiments, the formulation may comprise one or more thickeners. Thickeners can be used to reduce fluid migration in the fibrous substrate and lower the dielectric constant of the formulation. The miscible dielectric constant modifier may be a polymer such as polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylamide, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyurethane or polyvinyl methyl ether/maleic anhydride. Polyvinyl alcohol has a dielectric constant of about 2.5, and polyethylene glycol has a dielectric constant of about 10 (Carbowax 1000EE, Dow Chemical, Midland, MI). In some embodiments, the one or more thickening agents may be present in an amount of about 0 wt% to about 2 wt%, about 0 wt% to about 0.5 wt%, or about 0 wt% to about 0.1 wt%, based on the total weight of the formulation. In particular embodiments, the one or more thickening agents may be present in an amount of 0.5 wt%, about 0.1 wt%, about 0.2 wt%, about 0.5 wt%, about 1 wt%, about 1.5 wt%, or about 2 wt%, based on the total weight of the formulation. One skilled in the art will appreciate that a variety of thickeners are suitable for use in the formulations of the present disclosure.

Chelating agents

In certain embodiments, the formulation may comprise one or more chelating agents. In certain embodiments, the formulation may comprise one or more metal chelating agents. Chelating agents can minimize the impact of hard water during commercial blending operations. Chelating agents can be used in the absence of multivalent ions and can contribute to surfactant performance and preservation. The one or more chelating agents may include, but are not limited to, salts of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), sodium phytate/phytic acid, sodium citrate/citric acid, sodium gluconate, nitrilotriacetic acid, trisodium ethylenediamine disuccinate, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the one or more chelating agents may be present in an amount of from about 0 wt% to about 0.5 wt%, from about 0 wt% to about 0.3 wt%, or from about 0 wt% to about 0.1 wt%, based on the total weight of the formulation. In certain embodiments, one or more chelating agents comprising ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) may be present in an amount of about 0 wt% to about 0.5 wt%, about 0 wt% to about 0.3 wt%, or about 0 wt% to about 0.1 wt%, based on the total weight of the formulation. In particular embodiments, the one or more chelating agents may be present in an amount of 0.1 wt%, about 0.2 wt%, about 0.3 wt%, about 0.4 wt%, or about 0.5 wt%, based on the total weight of the formulation. One skilled in the art will appreciate that a variety of chelating agents are suitable for use in the formulations of the present disclosure.

pH regulator

In certain embodiments, the formulation may comprise one or more pH adjusting agents. The one or more pH adjusting agents may include a base, such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide. The one or more pH adjusting agents may also include organic acids. The organic acid may lower the dielectric constant of the formulation. Organic acids suitable for use in the disclosed formulations include acetic acid, ascorbic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, maleic acid, succinic acid, tartaric acid, glycolic acid, citric acid, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the one or more pH adjusting agents may include lactic acid. One or more pH adjusting agents may be added in an amount sufficient to adjust the formulation to a pH of about 3 to about 10, about 3.5 to about 7, or about 4 to about 6. One skilled in the art will appreciate that a variety of pH adjusting agents are suitable for use in the formulations of the present disclosure.

v. Hard surface cleaning compositions

The disclosed formulations may also contain one or more components for hard surface cleaning applications. In certain embodiments, the one or more hard surface cleaning components may include preservatives, fragrances, detergents, builders (such as chelating agents), pH adjusting agents, disinfectants, and combinations thereof. However, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various hard surface cleaning components may also be present, such as those typically used in formulations suitable for use with fibrous substrates in the art.

Preservative

In certain embodiments, the formulation may comprise one or more preservatives. Preservatives generally lower the dielectric constant of the formulation. In some embodiments, the aqueous glycol formulation may be self-preserved. Other formulations may require preservatives. Any suitable preservative, including combinations or blends thereof, may be incorporated into the formulations of the present disclosure. Preservatives can include mixtures of organic acids and alcohols that further increase the reduction in the dielectric constant of the disclosed formulations.

In certain embodiments, the one or more preservatives can include phenoxyethanol (Optiphen PO, Ashland, Bridgewater, NJ), benzyl alcohol/dehydroacetic acid/benzoic acid (r) ((r))BPD, Thor Personal Care, Compex gne, France), benzyl alcohol dehydroacetic acid/benzoic acid (BDB, Thor Personal Care, Compex gne, France), dehydroacetic acid (Geogard 111, Lonza, Basel, Switzerland), phenoxyethanol/ethylhexylglycerol (R: (R) ((R))PE 9010, Shu lke, Norderstadt, Germany), phenoxyethanol/octandiol (Optiphen 200, Ashland, Bridgewater, NJ), phenoxyethanol/octandiol/decanediol (R) ((R)PDHG2, Thor Personal Care, Compede gne, France), 1, 2-hexanediol/phenyl propanol ((R)APHX, Thor Personal Care, comp gne, France), xylitol/capryl glycol (Hebeatol CG, chemyryuon, Sao Paulo, Brazil), butylene/benzyl alcohol/sorbic acid/caprylic triglyceride/capric triglyceride/lauryl/myristyl alcohol (Geogard LSA, Lonza, Basel, Switzerland), 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one/2-n-octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one/glycol ester (Bioban 425, Dow Chemical, Midland, MI), or combinations thereof. One skilled in the art will appreciate that a variety of preservatives are suitable for use in the formulations of the present disclosure.

In certain embodiments, one or more preservatives may be present in an amount of about 0% to about 2.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the formulation, depending on the preservative used. In some embodiments, the one or more preservatives may be present in an amount of from about 0.2 to about 1.6, from about 0.5 to about 1.5, from about 0.5 to about 1.0, or from about 0.01 to about 0.075 weight percent, based on the total weight of the formulation. In particular embodiments, the one or more preservatives may be present in an amount of about 0.01, about 0.1, about 0.2, about 0.5, about 0.8, about 1, about 1.5, about 1.6, about 1.8, or about 2 weight percent based on the total weight of the formulation.

Aromatic agent

In certain embodiments, the formulation may comprise one or more fragrances. The use of a fragrance may enhance the consumer experience by providing a prewetted fibrous substrate with a pleasant smell. In certain embodiments, the one or more fragrances may include Aloe Green Floral M1 RTB-00434. One skilled in the art will appreciate that a variety of fragrances are suitable for use in the formulations of the present disclosure.

The one or more fragrances may be present in an amount of from about 0 wt% to about 0.5 wt%, based on the total weight of the formulation. In some embodiments, the one or more fragrances may be present in an amount of from about 0 wt% to about 0.05 wt%, from about 0 wt% to about 0.02 wt%, or from about 0 wt% to about 0.05 wt%, based on the total weight of the formulation. In particular embodiments, one or more fragrances may be present in an amount of 0.05 wt%, about 0.08 wt%, about 0.1 wt%, about 0.2 wt%, about 0.3 wt%, about 0.4 wt%, or about 0.5 wt%, based on the total weight of the formulation.

Detergent composition

In certain embodiments, the formulation may comprise one or more detergents. The detergent may provide enhanced cleaning performance to the prewetted fibrous substrate. The one or more detergents may include zwitterionic detergents such as laurylamine oxide (Ammonyx LO, Stepan, Northfield, IL), anionic surfactants such as sodium laureth sulfate (Steol CS-330, Stepan, Northfield, IL) or sodium lauryl sulfate (Stepan WA-1oo NF, Stepan, Northfield, IL), nonionic surfactants such as alkyl polyglucosides (R), (BG-10(Dow Chemical, Midland, MI) orCG-50(Dow Chemical, Midland, MI)) or combinations thereof. One or more detergents may be present in an amount of about 0 wt% to about 20 wt%, based on the total weight of the formulation. In some embodiments, the one or more detergents may be present in an amount of from about 0 wt% to about 0.5 wt% or from about 0 wt% to about 0.2 wt%, based on the total weight of the formulation. In particular embodiments, the one or more detergents may be present in an amount of about 0.01 wt%, about 0.05 wt%, based on the total weight of the formulationThe amount%, about 0.1 wt%, about 1.5 wt%, or about 0.2 wt% is present. One skilled in the art will appreciate that a variety of detergents are suitable for use in the formulations of the present disclosure.

pH regulator

In certain embodiments, the formulation may comprise one or more pH adjusting agents. The one or more pH adjusting agents may include a base (such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide), an organic acid, or an inorganic acid. The organic acid may lower the dielectric constant of the formulation. Organic acids suitable for use in the disclosed formulations include acetic acid, ascorbic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, maleic acid, succinic acid, tartaric acid, glycolic acid, citric acid, and combinations thereof. Inorganic acids suitable for use in the disclosed formulations include hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, and combinations thereof. The pH limit can be determined by the cleaning application and the stability of the substrate. In certain embodiments, one or more pH adjusting agents may be added in an amount sufficient to adjust the formulation to a pH of about 3 to about 12, about 4 to about 11, or about 4.5 to about 10.5. One skilled in the art will appreciate that a variety of pH adjusting agents are suitable for use in the formulations of the present disclosure.

Builder

In certain embodiments, the formulation may comprise one or more builders. The one or more builders can comprise one or more chelating agents. In certain embodiments, the formulation may comprise one or more metal chelating agents. Chelating agents can minimize the impact of hard water during commercial blending operations. Chelating agents can be used in the absence of multivalent ions and can contribute to surfactant performance and preservation. In certain embodiments, the one or more builders may include, but are not limited to, salts of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), sodium phytate/phytic acid, sodium citrate/citric acid, sodium gluconate, nitrilotriacetic acid, trisodium ethylenediamine disuccinate, sodium carbonate, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the one or more builders can be present in an amount of from about 0 wt% to about 0.5 wt%, from about 0 wt% to about 0.3 wt% or from about 0 wt% to about 0.1 wt%, based on the total weight of the formulation. In some embodiments, one or more builders including ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) may be present in an amount of about 0 wt% to about 0.5 wt%, about 0 wt% to about 0.3 wt%, or about 0 wt% to about 0.1 wt%, based on the total weight of the formulation. In particular embodiments, the one or more builders can be present in an amount of about 0.1 wt%, about 0.2 wt%, about 0.3 wt%, about 0.4 wt% or about 0.5 wt% based on the total weight of the formulation. One skilled in the art will appreciate that a variety of builders are suitable for use in the formulations of the present disclosure.

Disinfectant

In certain embodiments, the formulation may comprise one or more disinfecting agents. The disclosed alcohol containing formulations of the present invention may also be used as disinfectants. Suitable alcohols include, for example, ethanol, isopropanol, biguanides, phenols, essential oils, or combinations thereof. Additionally, in some embodiments, a quaternary ammonium chloride compound, such as benzalkonium chloride (Bardac 205M) may be added&Bardac 208M, Lonza, Basel, Switzerland), benzethonium chloride (Lonzagard, Lonza, Basel, Switzerland). Alternatively, as in Block, Seymore (eds),Disinfection,Sterilization,and Preservationversion 5, Lippincott Williams&General disinfectants provided in Wilkins,2001 (which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety) may be suitable for use in the formulations of the present disclosure. The one or more disinfecting agents may be present in an amount of about 0 wt% to about 1.0 wt%, about 0 wt% to about 0.5 wt%, or about 0 wt% to about 0.3 wt%, based on the total weight of the formulation. In particular embodiments, the one or more disinfecting agents may be present in an amount of about 0.01 wt%, about 0.05 wt%, about 0.1 wt%, about 0.2 wt%, about 0.3 wt%, about 0.5 wt%, or about 1 wt%, based on the total weight of the formulation. The cationic disinfectant may be consumed by some substrates and therefore an amount of cationic disinfectant may be added to compensate for the adsorption of the substrates. Solvents comprising greater than about 50% by volume or greater than about 59% by volume of an alcohol, glycol, or combination thereof may also be suitable disinfectants. The range of cationic surfactants refers to the level of surfactant measurable in the solution extracted from the substrate. In the field ofOne skilled in the art will appreciate that a variety of disinfecting agents are suitable for use in the formulations of the present disclosure.

C. Preparation

The presently disclosed subject matter relates to formulations suitable for use with fibrous substrates. As used herein, the term "formulation" is used interchangeably with the term "lotion" or "lotion formulation". In particular, the formulations of the present disclosure provide increased wet strength, high dispersibility, and shape retention to the prewetted fibrous substrates. Such formulations comprise at least one dielectric tuning solvent. In certain embodiments, the at least one dielectric tuning solvent may have a dielectric constant lower than water and may be miscible with water. The synergistic effect of the dielectric constant and binder solubility of such formulations surprisingly and advantageously provides fibrous substrates with high wet strength and high dispersibility.

The formulations of the present disclosure may optionally comprise one or more additional components, including but not limited to immiscible solvents, water, coupling agents, salts, personal care components, or hard surface cleaning components. Personal care components may include preservatives, fragrances, skin protectants (such as humectants and/or emollients), thickeners, chelating agents, pH adjusting agents, and combinations thereof. Hard surface cleaning components may include preservatives, fragrances, detergents, builders (such as chelating agents), pH adjusting agents, disinfectants and combinations thereof. The formulations may be suitable for use with fibrous substrates such as pre-moistened personal care wipes or hard surface cleaning wipes.

The formulation may be an aqueous solution or a non-aqueous solution. In certain embodiments, the formulation is an aqueous solution. In certain embodiments, the formulation is a non-aqueous solution. The aqueous formulation may have any suitable pH range. For example, but not limiting of, for personal care products, the pH of the formulation may range from about 3.0 to about 10.0, from about 4.0 to about 8.0, or from about 4.0 to about 6.0. In certain embodiments, for personal care products, the formulation may have a pH of about 4, about 4.5, about 5, about 5.2, about 6, about 7, or about 8. For example, but not limited to, for hard surface cleaning products, the pH of the formulation may range from about 2.0 to about 12.0, from about 3.0 to about 11.0, or from about 4.0 to about 11.0. In certain embodiments, for hard surface cleaning products, the formulation may have a pH of about 2, about 3, about 4, about 5, about 6, about 7, about 8, about 9, about 10, about 11, or about 12. Since pH is a measure of conductivity in water, formulations of the present disclosure comprising pure solvent do not have pH.

In certain embodiments, the formulation may include water, at least one dielectric adjusting solvent, a coupling agent, a skin protectant, a chelating agent, a preservative, and a fragrance. In particular embodiments, the formulation may further comprise one or more salts. In certain embodiments, the formulation may comprise water present in an amount of an appropriate amount (Q.S.), at least one dielectric adjusting solvent present in an amount of from about 1% to about 100% by weight, a coupling agent present in an amount of from about 0% to about 10% by weight, a skin protectant present in an amount of from about 0% to about 10% by weight, a chelating agent present in an amount of from about 0% to about 0.5% by weight, a preservative present in an amount of from about 0% to about 2% by weight, and a fragrance present in an amount of from about 0% to about 0.5% by weight, based on the total weight of the formulation. The formulation may also include one or more salts present in an amount of about 0 wt% to about 10 wt%, based on the total weight of the formulation.

In certain embodiments, the formulation may comprise water, at least one dielectric adjusting solvent, a coupling agent, a skin protectant, a skin cleanser, a preservative, and a fragrance. In particular embodiments, the formulation may further comprise a sheet enhancer, one or more salts, or a combination thereof. In certain embodiments, the formulation may comprise water present in an amount of an appropriate amount (Q.S.), at least one dielectric adjusting solvent present in an amount of from about 1% to about 100% by weight, a coupling agent present in an amount of from about 0% to about 10% by weight, a skin protectant present in an amount of from about 0% to about 10% by weight, a chelating agent present in an amount of from about 0% to about 0.5% by weight, a preservative present in an amount of from about 0% to about 2% by weight, and a fragrance present in an amount of from about 0% to about 0.5% by weight, based on the total weight of the formulation. The formulation may also include one or more salts present in an amount of from 0 wt% to about 10 wt%, a sheet enhancer present in an amount of from about 0 wt% to about 10 wt%, or a combination thereof, based on the total weight of the formulation.

In certain embodiments, the formulation may include water, at least one dielectric tuning solvent, a sheet enhancer, a coupling agent, a preservative, and a fragrance. In particular embodiments, the formulation may further comprise one or more salts. In certain embodiments, the formulation may comprise water present in an amount of an appropriate amount (Q.S.), at least one dielectric tuning solvent present in an amount of from about 1% to about 100% by weight, a sheet enhancer present in an amount of from about 0% to about 10% by weight, a coupling agent present in an amount of from about 0% to about 20% by weight, a preservative present in an amount of from about 0% to about 2% by weight, and a fragrance present in an amount of from about 0% to about 0.5% by weight, based on the total weight of the formulation. The formulation may also include one or more salts present in an amount of about 0 wt% to about 10 wt%, based on the total weight of the formulation.

In certain embodiments, the formulation may comprise water (Q.S.), a dielectric tuning solvent (about 50 wt%), a coupling agent (about 0.50 wt%), a skin protectant (about 1.50 wt%), a chelating agent (about 0.10 wt%), a preservative (about 0.50 wt%), and a fragrance (about 0.05 wt%), based on the total weight of the formulation. The water may be deionized water. The dielectric tuning solvent may include propylene glycol or butylene glycol. The coupling agent may include polysorbate 20. The skin protectant may includeLipid C. The chelating agent may include ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). The preservative may includeBDP. In certain embodiments, the formulation may further comprise one or more salts present in an amount of about 1 weight%, about 2 weight%, or about 4 weight%, based on the total weight of the formulation. The one or more salts may include sodium chloride.

In certain embodiments, the formulation may comprise, based on the total weight of the formulationWater (Q.S.), a first dielectric tuning solvent (about 50 wt.%), a second dielectric tuning solvent (about 10 wt.%), a coupling agent (about 0.50 wt.%), a skin protectant (about 1.50 wt.%), a chelating agent (about 0.10 wt.%), a preservative (about 0.50 wt.%), and a fragrance (about 0.05 wt.%). The water may be deionized water. The first dielectric tuning solvent may include propylene glycol or butylene glycol. The second dielectric tuning solvent may include glycerol. The coupling agent may include polysorbate 20. The skin protectant may includeLipid C. The chelating agent may include ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). The preservative may includeBDP。

In certain embodiments, the formulation may comprise water (Q.S.), a first dielectric tuning solvent (about 50 wt%), a second dielectric tuning solvent (about 20 wt%), a coupling agent (about 0.50 wt%), a skin protectant (about 1.50 wt%), a chelating agent (about 0.10 wt%), a preservative (about 0.50 wt%), and a fragrance (about 0.05 wt%), based on the total weight of the formulation. The water may be deionized water. The first dielectric tuning solvent may include propylene glycol or butylene glycol. The second dielectric tuning solvent may include glycerol. The coupling agent may include polysorbate 20. The skin protectant may includeLipid C. The chelating agent may include ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). The preservative may includeBDP。

In certain embodiments, the formulation may comprise water (Q.S.), a first dielectric tuning solvent (about 50 wt%), a second dielectric tuning solvent (about 30 wt%), a coupling agent (about 0.50 wt%), a skin protectant (about 1.50 wt%), based on the total weight of the formulationAmount%), chelating agent (about 0.10 wt%), preservative (about 0.50 wt%), and fragrance (about 0.05 wt%). The water may be deionized water. The first dielectric tuning solvent may include propylene glycol or butylene glycol. The second dielectric tuning solvent may include glycerol. The coupling agent may include polysorbate 20. The skin protectant may includeLipid C. The chelating agent may include ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). The preservative may includeBDP。

In certain embodiments, the formulation may comprise water (Q.S.), a first dielectric tuning solvent (about 50 wt%), a second dielectric tuning solvent (about 10 wt%), a coupling agent (about 0.50 wt%), a skin protectant (about 1.50 wt%), a preservative (about 0.50 wt%), and a fragrance (about 0.05 wt%), based on the total weight of the formulation. The water may be deionized water. The first dielectric tuning solvent may include butylene glycol. The second dielectric tuning solvent may include glycerol. The coupling agent may include polysorbate 20. The skin protectant may includeLipid C. The preservative may includeBDP. In certain embodiments, the formulation may further comprise one or more salts present in an amount of about 0.50 wt.%, about 1 wt.%, about 2 wt.%, or about 4 wt.%, based on the total weight of the formulation. The one or more salts may include calcium chloride.

In certain embodiments, the formulation may comprise water (Q.S.), a dielectric adjusting solvent (about 50 wt%), a coupling agent (about 0.50 wt%), a skin protectant (about 1.50 wt%), a preservative (about 0.50 wt%), and a fragrance (about 0.05 wt%), based on the total weight of the formulation. The water can beAnd (4) ionized water. The dielectric tuning solvent may include butylene glycol. The coupling agent may include polysorbate 20. The skin protectant may includeLipid C. The preservative may includeBDP. In certain embodiments, the formulation may further comprise a sheet enhancer present in an amount of about 0.05 wt%, based on the total weight of the formulation. The sheet enhancer may include calcium chloride dihydrate. In certain embodiments, the formulation may further comprise one or more salts present in an amount of about 1.50% by weight, based on the total weight of the formulation. The one or more salts may include sodium chloride.

In certain embodiments, the formulation may comprise water (Q.S.), a first dielectric tuning solvent (about 50 wt%), a second dielectric tuning solvent (about 15 wt%), a coupling agent (about 0.50 wt%), a skin protectant (about 1.50 wt%), a preservative (about 0.50 wt%), and a fragrance (about 0.05 wt%), based on the total weight of the formulation. In certain embodiments, the formulation may comprise a fragrance present in an amount of about 0.5 wt%, based on the total weight of the formulation. The first dielectric tuning solvent may include butylene glycol. The second dielectric tuning solvent may comprise dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether (Dowanol)^TMDPM). The coupling agent may include polysorbate 20. The skin protectant may includeLipid C. The preservative may includeBDP. In certain embodiments, the formulation may further comprise a sheet enhancer present in an amount of about 0.05 wt%, based on the total weight of the formulation. The sheet enhancer may include calcium chloride dihydrate. In certain embodiments, the formulation may further comprise a surfactant present in an amount of about 1.50% by weight based on the total weight of the formulationOne or more salts thereof. The one or more salts may include sodium chloride. In certain embodiments, the formulation may further comprise a sheet enhancer (about 0.05 wt%) and one or more salts (about 1.50 wt%), based on the total weight of the formulation. The sheet enhancer may include calcium chloride dihydrate. The one or more salts may include sodium chloride.

In certain embodiments, the formulation may comprise water (Q.S.), a first dielectric tuning solvent (about 50 wt%), a second dielectric tuning solvent (about 5 wt%), a coupling agent (about 0.50 wt%), a skin protectant (about 1.50 wt%), a preservative (about 0.50 wt%), and a fragrance (about 0.05 wt%), based on the total weight of the formulation. The water may be deionized water. The first dielectric tuning solvent may include butylene glycol. The second dielectric tuning solvent can include hexylene glycol. The coupling agent may include polysorbate 20. The skin protectant may includeLipid C. The preservative may includeBDP. In certain embodiments, the formulation may further comprise one or more salts present in an amount of about 1.50% by weight, based on the total weight of the formulation. The one or more salts may include sodium chloride. Alternatively, in certain embodiments, the formulation may further comprise a sheet enhancer present in an amount of about 0.50 wt%, based on the total weight of the formulation. The sheet enhancer may include calcium chloride dihydrate. Alternatively, in certain embodiments, the formulation may further comprise one or more salts present in an amount of about 0.50 wt.%, about 1 wt.%, about 1.50 wt.%, about 2 wt.%, about 2.50 wt.%, or about 4 wt.%, based on the total weight of the formulation. The one or more salts may include calcium chloride.

In certain embodiments, the formulation may comprise water (Q.S.), a first dielectric tuning solvent (about 50 wt%), a second dielectric tuning solvent (about 10 wt%), a coupling agent (about 10 wt%), based on the total weight of the formulation0.50 wt%), skin protectant (about 1.50 wt%), preservative (about 0.50 wt%) and fragrance (about 0.05 wt%). The water may be deionized water. The first dielectric tuning solvent may include butylene glycol. The second dielectric tuning solvent can include hexylene glycol. The coupling agent may include polysorbate 20. The skin protectant may includeLipid C. The preservative may includeBDP. In certain embodiments, the formulation may further comprise one or more salts present in an amount of about 1.50% by weight, based on the total weight of the formulation. The one or more salts may include sodium chloride. Alternatively, in certain embodiments, the formulation may further comprise a sheet enhancer present in an amount of about 0.50 wt%, based on the total weight of the formulation. The sheet enhancer may include calcium chloride dihydrate. Alternatively, in certain embodiments, the formulation may further comprise one or more salts present in an amount of about 0.50 wt.%, about 1 wt.%, or about 1.50 wt.%, based on the total weight of the formulation. The one or more salts may include calcium chloride.

In certain embodiments, the formulation may comprise water (Q.S.), a first dielectric tuning solvent (Q.S.), a second dielectric tuning solvent (about 5 wt.%), a sheet enhancer (about 2.50 wt.%), a coupling agent (about 0.50 wt.%), a preservative (about 0.50 wt.%), and a fragrance (about 0.05 wt.%), based on the total weight of the formulation. The water may be deionized water. The first dielectric tuning solvent may include butylene glycol. The second dielectric tuning solvent can include hexylene glycol. The sheet enhancer may include calcium chloride dihydrate. The coupling agent may include polysorbate 20. The preservative may includeBDP. Alternatively, in certain embodiments, the first dielectric adjusting solvent may be present at about 20 wt%, about 30 wt%, based on the total weight of the formulationAbout 40 wt%, or about 50 wt%.

In certain embodiments, the formulation may comprise water (Q.S.), a first dielectric tuning solvent (about 30 wt.%), a second dielectric tuning solvent (about 5 wt.%), a sheet enhancer (Q.S.), a coupling agent (about 0.50 wt.%), a preservative (about 0.50 wt.%), and a fragrance (about 0.05 wt.%), based on the total weight of the formulation. In certain embodiments, the formulation may further comprise one or more salts present in an amount of about 0.37 wt.%, about 0.90 wt.%, about 1.70 wt.%, or about 2.50 wt.%, based on the total weight of the formulation. The one or more salts may include calcium chloride.

In certain embodiments, the formulation may comprise a solvent, a first dielectrically modulating solvent, a second dielectrically modulating solvent, a coupling agent, a preservative and one or more salts. The formulation may also comprise a fragrance.

In certain embodiments, the formulation may include water (Q.S.). The formulation may also include a first dielectric tuning solvent present in an amount of about 15 wt.%, about 30 wt.%, or about 45 wt.%, based on the total weight of the formulation. The formulation may also include a second dielectric tuning solvent (about 5 wt%), a coupling agent (about 0.50 wt%), and a preservative (about 0.80 wt%). The formulation may also include one or more salts present in an amount of about 0.5 wt%, 1.5 wt%, or about 2.5 wt%, based on the total weight of the formulation. The water may be deionized water. The first dielectric tuning solvent may include butylene glycol. The second dielectric tuning solvent can include hexylene glycol. The coupling agent may include polysorbate 20. The preservative may include phenoxyethanol. The one or more salts may include calcium chloride. In certain embodiments, the formulation may further comprise a fragrance. The fragrance may be present in an amount of about 0.05 wt%, based on the total weight of the formulation.

In certain embodiments, the formulation may include water (about 45.34 wt%). The formulation can include the first dielectric tuning solvent present in an amount of about 0 wt.%, about 15 wt.%, about 30 wt.%, or about 45 wt.%, based on the total weight of the formulation. The formulation may also include a second dielectric tuning solvent (about 5 wt%), a coupling agent (about 0.50 wt%), and a preservative (about 0.80 wt%). The formulation may also include one or more salts present in an amount of about 0 wt.%, about 0.5 wt.%, about 1 wt.%, or about 2.5 wt.%, based on the total weight of the formulation. The water may be deionized water. The first dielectric tuning solvent may include butylene glycol. The second dielectric tuning solvent can include hexylene glycol. The coupling agent may include polysorbate 20. The preservative may include phenoxyethanol. The one or more salts may include calcium chloride. In certain embodiments, the formulation may further comprise a fragrance. The fragrance may be present in an amount of about 0.05 wt%, based on the total weight of the formulation. In certain embodiments, the formulation may further comprise sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC).

D. Fibrous substrate

The formulations of the present disclosure are suitable for use with fibrous substrates. The fibrous substrates of the present disclosure may be used in any application known in the art. Such fibrous substrates may be used alone or as a component in other consumer products. For example, the fibrous substrates of the present disclosure may be used alone or as a component in a variety of articles including hard surface cleaning wipes, personal care wipes, paper towels, tissues, toilet tissue, and the like. In certain embodiments, the fibrous substrate may comprise natural fibers, synthetic fibers, or combinations thereof. In certain embodiments, the fibrous substrate may comprise one or more layers. In certain embodiments, the fibrous substrate may be a nonwoven material. The fibrous substrate of the present subject matter can be dispersible.

Cellulose fiber

Any cellulosic fiber known in the art (including any cellulosic fiber of natural origin, such as those derived from wood pulp or regenerated cellulose) can be used in the fibrous substrate of the present disclosure. In certain embodiments, cellulosic fibers include, but are not limited to, digestive fibers derived from softwood, hardwood, or cotton linters, such as kraft pulp, prehydrolyzed kraft pulp, soda, sulfite, chemi-thermomechanically and thermo-mechanically treated fibers. In other embodiments, the cellulosic fibers include, but are not limited to, kraft digestive fibers, including pre-hydrolyzed kraft digestive fibers.

Non-limiting examples of cellulosic fibers suitable for use in the present subject matter are cellulosic fibers derived from softwood (such as pine, fir, and spruce). Other suitable cellulosic fibers include, but are not limited to, those derived from esparto grass, bagasse, wool, flax, hemp, kenaf, and other sources of wood and cellulosic fibers. Suitable cellulosic fibers include, but are not limited to, FOLEY under the trademark FOLEYCommercially available bleached kraft southern pine fiber (available from GP Cellulose).

The fibrous substrate of the presently disclosed subject matter can also include, but is not limited to, commercially available bright fluff pulp, including, but not limited to, southern softwood kraft pulp (such as Golden from GP Cellulose)4725) Or southern softwood fluff pulp (such as Treated pulp from GP Cellulose)Or Golden4723) Northern softwood sulfite pulp (such as T730 from Weyerhaeuser) or hardwood pulp (such as eucalyptus). Any cellulosic fluff pulp or mixtures thereof may be used, although certain pulps may be preferred based on a variety of factors. In certain embodiments, wood cellulose, cotton linter pulp, chemically modified cellulose (such as cross-linked cellulose fibers and highly purified cellulose fibers) may be used. A non-limiting example of other pulp is FOLEYFFTAS (also known AS FFTAS or GP cellulose FFT-AS pulp) and Weyco CF 401.

Synthetic fiber

The presently disclosed subject matter contemplates the use of synthetic fibers. Non-limiting examples of synthetic fibers suitable for use in the present disclosure include fibers made from a variety of polymers including, by way of example and not limitation, acrylic polymers, polyamides (including, but not limited to, nylon 6, nylon 6/6, nylon 12, polyaspartic acid, polyglutamic acid), polyamines, polyimides, polyacrylics (including, but not limited to, polyacrylamides, polyacrylonitriles, methacrylic acids, and esters of acrylic acid), polycarbonates (including, but not limited to, poly (bisphenol a carbonate), poly (propylene carbonate), polydienes (including, but not limited to, polybutadiene, polyisoprene, polynorbornene), polyepoxides, polyesters (including, but not limited to, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate, polycaprolactone, polyglycolide, polylactide, polylactides, poly (lactic acid), poly (, Polyhydroxybutyrate, polyhydroxyvalerate, polyethylene adipate, polybutylene adipate, polypropylene succinate, polyethers (including but not limited to polyethylene glycol (polyethylene oxide), polybutylene glycol, polypropylene oxide, polyoxymethylene (paraformaldehyde), polytetramethylene ether (polytetrahydrofuran), polyepichlorohydrin), polyfluorocarbons, formaldehyde polymers (including but not limited to urea-formaldehyde, melamine-formaldehyde, phenol-formaldehyde), natural polymers (including but not limited to cellulose, chitosan, lignin, waxes), polyolefins (including but not limited to polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene, polyoctene), polyphenyls (including but not limited to polyphenylene oxide, polyphenylene sulfide, polyphenylene ether sulfone), silicon-containing polymers (including but not limited to polydimethylsiloxane, polymethylsilane), Polyurethanes, polyethylenes (including but not limited to polyvinyl butyral, polyvinyl alcohol, esters and ethers of polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, polystyrene, polymethylstyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polymethylvinyl ether, polyethylvinyl ether, polyvinylmethyl ketone), polyacetals, polyarylates, and copolymers (including but not limited to polyethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyethylene-acrylic acid copolymer, polybutylene terephthalate-polyethylene terephthalate copolymer, polylaurolactam-block-polytetrahydrofuran), polybutylene succinate and polylactic acid based polymers, derivatives thereof, copolymers thereof, and the like, or combinations thereof. In certain embodiments, these polymeric materials may be used in monocomponent fibers. Alternatively, two or more polymeric materials may be used together in a bicomponent fiber (e.g., a high-core bicomponent fiber or a low-core bicomponent fiber).

Binder

In certain non-limiting embodiments, the fibrous substrate may include a binder. Suitable binders include, but are not limited to, liquid binders and powder binders. Non-limiting examples of liquid binders include emulsions, solutions or suspensions of the binder.

Suitable binders include, but are not limited to, copolymers (including vinyl chloride-containing copolymers such as Wacker Vinnol 4500, Vinnol 4514 and Vinnol 4530; Vinyl Acetate Ethylene (VAE) copolymers which may have stabilizers such as Wacker Vinnapas 192, Wacker Vinnapas EF 539, Wacker Vinnapas EP907, Wacker Vinnapas EP129, Celanese Duroset E130, Celanese Dur-O-Set Elite 13025-, National Starch Optibond, National Starch Optipro or National Starch OptiPLUS), guar gum, styrene-butadiene, urethane-based binders, thermoplastic binders, acrylic binders, and carboxymethylcellulose (such as Hercules Aqualon CMC). In certain embodiments, the binder is a natural polymer based binder. Non-limiting examples of natural polymer-based binders include polymers derived from starch, cellulose, chitin, and other polysaccharides.

In certain embodiments, the binder is water soluble. In one embodiment, the binder is an Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA) copolymer. One non-limiting example of such a copolymer is Vinnapas EP907(Wacker Chemicals, Munich, Germany) based on ethylene vinyl acetate. Vinnapas EP907 based on ethylene vinyl acetate may be applied at a level of about 10% solids and incorporating about 0.75 wt% Aerosol OT (Cytec Industries, West Paterson, NJ), an anionic surfactant. Other types of liquid binders, such as styrene-butadiene and acrylic binders, may also be used.

In certain embodiments, the binder is salt sensitive and water soluble. In certain embodiments, the binder is CMC sodium or CMC calcium. In certain embodiments, the binder may be a temporary wet strength agent, including but not limited to diallyldimethylammonium chloride (DADMAC), polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (polydadmac), N-methylolacrylamide (NMA), Polyacrylamide (PAM), ethoxylated polyacrylamide (GPAM), polyamide epichlorohydrin (PAE), polyamidoamine epichlorohydrin (PAAE), or combinations thereof. Other binders may be sodium CMC crosslinked with carboxylic acids, cation sensitive binders or soluble starch. Any water-soluble binder that is not significantly soluble in the miscible solution of reduced polarity should increase strength, dispersibility, and shape retention.

In certain embodiments, the binder may be added to the substrate in an amount of from about 1 to about 5 weight percent, from about 1 to about 3 weight percent, or from about 2 to about 3 weight percent, on a dry weight basis. In particular embodiments, the binder may be added to the substrate in an amount of about 1 wt%, about 2 wt%, about 2.45 wt%, about 2.5 wt%, about 2.9 wt%, about 3 wt%, about 4 wt%, or about 5 wt% on a dry weight basis.

E. Feature(s)

As embodied herein, the formulations of the present disclosure are suitable for use with fibrous substrates (e.g., pre-moistened personal care wipes). The formulation provides a fibrous substrate with increased wet strength without binders, adhesives, or multiple layers of material. The formulation also provides a fibrous substrate with high dispersibility that can be safely used in septic tanks, home plumbing, hospital and municipal water treatment sources. Thus, fibrous substrates comprising the formulations of the present disclosure advantageously include several features, such as increased wet strength, high dispersibility, shape retention, and effective cleaning properties.

Wet strength and dispersibility

Dispersible fibrous substrates have two sources of strength. One is fiber-to-fiber interaction and one is binder strength from the binder.

As provided herein, the fibrous substrate can include both natural cellulose pulp fibers and man-made regenerated cellulose fibers, and can be used as a substrate. Regenerated cellulose is produced by the following process: high cellulose content wood pulp (i.e., pulp grade) is dissolved in a solvent (NMMO) and the dope is extruded into a coagulation bath to form continuous filaments. These filaments are then chopped into individual fibers at a given length (e.g., about 6mm) for the desired application. These fibers are 100% cellulosic and biodegradable. The manufacturing process highly orients the cellulose chains along the axis of the fibers, thereby enhancing the strength of these fibers, especially in the wet state. Therefore, the temperature of the molten metal is controlled,have a higher tenacity when wet than other regenerated cellulose fibers, such as rayon or viscose.

Natural cellulose pulp fibers comprise microfibrils. Since the delamination of the microfibrils occurs by mechanical or chemical action, the smaller microfibrils will come loose from the fiber bundle and be available for entanglement with other fibers and microfibrils. In water-based webs, there are primarily physical entanglements and associated physical forces that contribute to the strength of the sheet. More fibrillation and fiber-to-fiber contact will increase the available bond area and increase wet tensile strength. As the sheet dries, it consolidates, and capillary forces affect the van der waals interactions that occur between the fibers. Thus, as the solids content increases, the tensile strength will also increase. However, for low dielectric solvents, hydrogen bonding can replace hydroentanglement as a source of tensile strength, allowing wet strength and rapid dispersibility in tap water to coexist. As drying progresses (particularly under constraint or compression), the fibers become flatter so that forming H-bonds can collapse the luminal structure among other H-bonds. The collapsed fibers are ribbon-like and expose a larger area for further H-bonding between the fiber surfaces.

Equation 1 is a common model for measuring the tensile strength of paper. This relationship can be reduced to contributions from fiber strength alone and fiber-to-fiber bond strength.

Equation 1:

h-bonding between fibers can only occur where there is bonding between fibers or microfibrils. To enhance the relative bond area, the sheet is typically "filled" with a mixture of long and short fibers through a continuous bonding network and builds strength. Reactive dry strength agents (i.e., cationic starches) are used to increase the available bonding area and thus increase the number of H-bonds. Although retention is based on ionic interactions of carboxyl groups on starch and cellulose, strength is mainly derived from H-bonding. When wetted, the H-bonding will be broken and the product will disperse at a rate that depends on the molecular size and charge density (and the dielectric constant of the solvent/water mixture). Whether the sheet is pre-wetted or post-wetted, the low dielectric solvent can utilize a reactive dry strength agent to increase the substrate strength without significantly compromising the hydrogen bonding of the sheet.

In addition to H-bonding, binders may also be used to provide wet strength. One binder may be a temporary wet strength agent including, but not limited to, diallyldimethylammonium chloride (DADMAC), N-methylolacrylamide (NMA), Polyacrylamide (PAM), ethoxylated polyacrylamide (GPAM), polyamide epichlorohydrin (PAE), polyamidoamine epichlorohydrin (PAAE), or combinations thereof. Other binders may be sodium CMC crosslinked with carboxylic acids, cation sensitive binders or soluble starch. Any water-soluble binder that is not significantly soluble in the miscible solution of reduced polarity should increase strength, dispersibility, and shape retention.

The use of miscible compositions to reduce the polarity of the formulations of the present disclosure minimizes the solubility of binders that are typically highly soluble in water, thereby increasing the pre-moistened wipe strength. In fact, when the polarity is sufficiently reduced, more than 90% of the dry sheet strength of the fibrous base material is maintained. It is further believed that the miscible solvent provides a strong fibrous matrix, but also provides immediate dispersion. When the fibrous substrate is contacted with water, the miscible solvent flashes off and the fibrous substrate disperses. For water soluble binders that use salts, salts may be used in combination with low polarity formulations to further reduce the solubility of the binder. In addition, the salt and the low polarity solvent can be balanced to produce a strong and dispersible fibrous substrate. Blending systems can also be used to provide low polarity solvents to produce strong and dispersible fibrous substrates. Thus, the formulations of the present disclosure advantageously and unexpectedly impart both increased wet strength and high dispersibility characteristics to fibrous substrates. That is, the disclosed solvent formulations strike a balance between providing a fibrous substrate with increased wet strength and high dispersibility.

In certain embodiments, the fibrous substrates treated with the formulations of the present disclosure may have strength while having high dispersibility. In certain embodiments, such treated fibrous substrates may have a ball burst force of from about 0.1lb to about 5lb, from about 0.5lb to about 4lb, or from about 1lb to about 3lb. In particular embodiments, such treated fibrous substrates may have a ball burst force of at least about 0.1lb, about 0.5lb, about 1lb, about 1.5lb, about 2lb, about 2.5lb, about 3lb, or about 4lb. The treated fibrous materials of the present disclosure can have a ball burst dryness retention (% dry) of from about 5% to about 100%, from about 10% to about 70%, or from about 15% to about 50%. The treated fibrous materials of the present disclosure may have a cross-direction (CD) tensile strength (% dry) of from about 1% to about 70%, from about 5% to about 60%, or from about 10% to about 50%. The treated fibrous materials of the present disclosure may have a Machine Direction (MD) tensile strength (% dry) of from about 1% to about 70%, from about 5% to about 60%, or from about 10% to about 50%. The treated fibrous material can have a cross-direction (CD) tensile strength (gli) of about 1gli to about 2,000gli, about 40gli to about 1,500gli, or about 50gli to about 800 gli. The treated fibrous material can have a Machine Direction (MD) tensile strength (gli) of from about 1gli to about 2,000gli, from about 40gli to about 1,500gli, or from about 50gli to about 800 gli.

Additional features

The formulations of the present disclosure have several additional advantages. In particular, the disclosed formulations do not require toxic materials (such as boric acid) and provide a less viscous fibrous substrate than currently available commercial alternatives. In addition, the formulations provide increased stability compared to formulations comprising a solvent isolated in water (e.g., isopropanol). The formulations of the present disclosure additionally eliminate malodors generated by binding systems using amines (such as lysine). Further, the formulations of the present disclosure provide a fibrous substrate in which the dispersion effect is independent of pH. Thus, the final product can be prepared at a pH close to human skin (i.e., 4.5 to 5.5) to increase consumer comfort. The formulations of the present disclosure do not require high levels of salt and therefore can produce products with ionic strength similar to that of the human body, resulting in milder products. In addition, the formulations of the present disclosure provide reduced foaming during perineal cleansing, which is undesirable to consumers. Another advantage of the disclosed formulations is that they provide a binder that is independent of the water dispersible binder. The formulations of the present disclosure provide any binder, temporary wet strength agent, or sheet that is strengthened by hydrogen bonding to maintain strength while exhibiting high dispersibility. The formulations of the present disclosure also allow fibrous substrates (such as wipes) to retain the embossed pattern by increasing the retention of the formed pattern or embossed pattern to improve cleaning. Such advantages also provide enhanced brand recognition. Additionally, the formulations of the present disclosure maintain the wet strength of Temporary Wet Strength (TWS) in the presence of preservatives.

F. Applications of

The disclosed formulations may be used in a variety of applications and may be suitable for use with fibrous substrates. As embodied herein, the formulations can be used for application to a fibrous substrate, such as a pre-moistened personal care wipe. In certain embodiments, the formulation may be used in consumer product applications such as personal care wipes, baby wipes, cosmetic wipes, toilet cleaning wipes, hard surface disinfecting wipes, bathroom cleaning wipes, kitchen cleaning wipes, feminine hygiene cleaning wipes, pharmaceutical wipes, wound cleaning wipes, perineum wipes, make-up removal wipes, hand cleaning wipes, facial cleaning and freshening wipes, biohazard cleaning wipes, polishing wipes, robotic arm cleaning wipes, eyewear cleaning wipes, disinfecting wipes, hand disinfecting wipes, food contact disinfecting wipes, furniture wipes, or floor cleaning wipes.

In certain embodiments, the formulations of the present disclosure are acceptable in cosmetic products. Such cosmetic Products are known in the art and include, but are not limited to, such Products identified by Personal Care Products Council (PCPC). Typically, the acceptable limits of such formulations for use in cosmetic products are determined by safety testing to be suitable for application.

In addition to their use on premoistened wipes, the formulations of the present disclosure may also be suitable for use on dry substrates, for example as a spray on dry materials such as dry toilet paper. Thus, the formulations of the present disclosure may also be used in a spray system as a wet spray.

Efficacy of the formulation can be observed, for example, when pre-wetted or dried fibrous substrates are treated with the formulation and tested for strength and dispersibility. Strength testing has demonstrated that fibrous substrates retain over 90% of their dry strength after treatment with the formulations of the present disclosure. Additional dispersibility tests have demonstrated that the fibrous substrate has high dispersibility characteristics after treatment with the formulations of the present disclosure.

The disclosed formulations advantageously provide fibrous substrates with both increased wet strength and high dispersibility. The formulations of the present disclosure have a low dielectric constant, which can increase wet strength of the fibrous substrate, reduce blistering of the fibrous substrate, maintain cleanliness of the fibrous substrate, and maintain the integrity of the embossed or formed pattern of the fibrous substrate.

G. External member

The disclosed formulations may be provided in one or more kits for use by the consumer. A kit may include, for example, but not limited to, one or more formulations of the present disclosure. The kit may also include one or more fibrous substrates, such as wipes. For example, the kit may include one or more of the following: a personal care wipe, a baby wipe, a cosmetic wipe, a toilet cleaning wipe, a hard surface disinfecting wipe, a bathroom cleaning wipe, a kitchen cleaning wipe, a vaginal cleaning wipe, a pharmaceutical wipe, a wound cleaning wipe, a perineum wipe, a make-up removal wipe, a hand cleaning wipe, a facial cleaning and freshening wipe, a biohazard cleaning wipe, a polishing wipe, a robotic arm cleaning wipe, an eyewear cleaning wipe, a disinfecting wipe, a hand disinfecting wipe, a food contact disinfecting wipe, a furniture wipe, or a floor cleaning wipe. In one embodiment, the kit includes a formulation solution separate from the wipe material. In alternative embodiments, the kit may include a premoistened wipe that includes one or more formulations of the present disclosure. Optionally, such kits may also include any other system components described with respect to the present disclosure, as well as any other materials or items related to the present disclosure.

6. Examples

The following examples are merely illustrative of the presently disclosed subject matter and they should not be considered to limit the scope of the presently disclosed subject matter in any way.

Example 1: effect of solvent on Hydrogen bonding and Binder dissolution

This example summarizes the effect of solvent on hydrogen bonding and binder dissolution.

Hydrogen bonding

The effect of the solvent on hydrogen bonding was tested. Several solvents (water, Zemea, propylene glycol, hexylene glycol, and mineral oil) were tested for wet tensile strength.

For the tensile test, a 1 inch by 5 inch wipe sample was cut using a precision guillotine. The tape was placed in a pneumatic jig having a 1.5 inch by 1 inch face with a flat cutter and an Instron tensile extensometer. The tape was placed in a pneumatic clamp and an Instron extension tensile tester was used and tension was applied until the sheet broke. This procedure was repeated three times and the average value was recorded. Tensile strength was tested in the Machine Direction (MD) and Cross Direction (CD). The methods used herein are provided in part in ASTM Standard D5035-06 and INDA Standard Test WSP110.4(05) Standard Test Method for Breaking and excitation of non-woven Materials (Strip Method), which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. WSP110.4(05) Standard Test Method for Breaking and amplification of non woven Materials (Strip Method) used a 1 inch wide sample, a 3 inch jaw span, and a 12 inch/min crosshead speed.

The test results are provided in fig. 1-3. For substrates whose strength depends on hydrogen bonding, reducing the dielectric constant of the solvent preserves the hydrogen bonding and wet strength of the sheet, as shown by the pre-wetting texture effect shown in fig. 1 and 2. As shown in fig. 1, hydrogen bonding is protected by water (DE ═ 80.1), Zemea or 1, 3-propanediol (DE ═ 35.0), propylene glycol (DE ═ 32), hexylene glycol (DE ═ 7.7), and mineral oil (DE ═ 2.1). An increase in strength is observed at dielectric constants between 32 and 7.7. For the dispersible substrate used in example 3, a difference in sheet strength was observed with butanediol (DE ═ 28.8), while a difference in sheet strength was not observed with propylene glycol (DE ═ 32), indicating that this region is a region in which water loses the ability to affect hydrogen bonding. The blend of the solution with the tissue substrate provided similar results to those shown in fig. 2. Fig. 3 is a graph of dielectric constant effect versus tissue tensile strength, which provides increased tensile strength near a dielectric constant of 30.

Dissolution of the Binder

The effect of the solvent on the dissolution of the binder was tested. Several solvents (glycerol, Isopropanol (IPA), butanediol and dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether) were tested for strength at different concentrations (0 wt%, 25 wt%, 50 wt%, 75 wt% and 100 wt%). The dried substrates were also tested.

Dry wipes including added amounts of solvent were tested according to the INDA Wiper Ball Test Method WSP 110.5R4(12), which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety, to Test Ball Burst force. Ball burst testing an Instron tensile testing machine was used along with a 200lb. load cell (Instron Corporation, Canton, MA) with a ball burst clamp (MTS Systems Corporation, Stoughton, MA) and a 44.45mm ring clamp assembly (Research Dimensions, Neenah, WI). The sample was gently handled from the corner and secured into the assembly with a 1 inch steel ball probe. The Instron tensile tester was calibrated according to the Instron specifications and run under standard ball burst conditions. The ball burst force is the maximum force recorded by the Instron tensile tester prior to penetration.

The test results are provided in fig. 4 and table 2.

TABLE 2。

These materials provide high strength (90-95% of dry strength) with self-retention. In addition, isopropanol does not show a significant strength improvement at a concentration of 75%, since separation occurs in the presence of salt.

Example 2: solvent modified lotion (lotions 1-49)

This example outlines various lotions for use with fibrous substrates containing water-soluble binders. The lotion comprises a water-miscible solvent to reduce the dielectric constant of the lotion. The lotion formulation may also contain a coupling agent that provides phase stability when additional components, such as skin protectants and/or fragrances and salts, are present. Salts may be added to reduce the solubility of the binder, thereby reducing solvent requirements, which may reduce cost and, in some cases, may reduce safety issues associated with high solvent loadings. The chelating agent can only be added in the absence of multivalent cations. Chelating agents reduce the effect of water hardness in the process and reduce the solubility of the binder by reducing the amount of binder available.

Lotions were prepared as lotions 1-49 with varying concentrations of the components. The compositions of lotions 1-49 are provided in Table 3 below. Each component is identified by chemical name, and where applicable, its respective weight% is based on the total weight of the formulation.

Example 3: strength test (lotions 1-49)

This example tested the strength of a fibrous substrate comprising the lotion disclosed in example 2, as provided below. The lotion was applied as an add-on to the dry wipe. An addition of 200% or 250% was applied. For example, an addition of 200% indicates that the weight of lotion applied is 2 times the weight of the dry wipe.

Dry wipes including added amounts of lotion were tested according to the INDA Wiper Ball Test Method WSP 110.5R4(12), incorporated herein by reference in its entirety, to Test Ball Burst force. Ball burst testing an Instron tensile testing machine was used along with a 200lb. load cell (Instron Corporation, Canton, MA) with a ball burst clamp (MTS Systems Corporation, Stoughton, MA) and a 44.45mm ring clamp assembly (Research Dimensions, Neenah, WI). The sample was gently handled from the corner and secured into the assembly with a 1 inch steel ball probe. The Instron tensile tester was calibrated according to the Instron specifications and run under standard ball burst conditions. The ball burst force is the maximum force recorded by the Instron tensile tester prior to penetration.

Propylene glycol and glycerin (lotion 1-4)

Lotions 1-4 were tested for strength. Lotions 1-4 contained propylene glycol (50 wt%), glycerin in various weight percentages, and other additional components. The lotion was tested at 200% add-on and 250% add-on. Each lotion was tested twice. The test results are provided in table 4.

TABLE 4。

Lotion formulation	Glycerol [ w% ]]	Amount added [% ]]	The ball bursts [ lb.]
				1	-	200	0.1
2	10.00	200	0.1
				3	20.00	200	0.1
4	30.00	200	0.15
				1	-	250	0.1
2	10.00	250	0.1
				3	20.00	250	0.1
4	30.00	250	0.2

Butanediol and glycerol (lotion 5-8)

Lotions 5-8 were tested for strength. Lotions 5-8 contained butylene glycol (50 wt%), glycerin in various weight percentages, and other additional components. The lotion was tested at 200% add-on and 250% add-on. Each lotion and add-on combination was tested twice. The test results are provided in table 5.

TABLE 5。

Lotion formulation	Glycerol [ w% ]]	Amount added [% ]]	The ball bursts [ lb.]
				5	-	250	0.1
5	-	250	0.1
				6	10.0	250	0.1
6	10.0	250	0.1
				7	20.0	250	0.1
7	20.0	250	0.1
				8	30.0	250	0.1
8	30.0	250	0.2
				5	-	200	0.1
5	-	200	0.1
				6	10.0	200	0.1
6	10.0	200	0.1
				7	20.0	200	0.1
7	20.0	200	0.1
				8	30.0	200	0.2
8	30.0	200	0.2

Sodium chloride (lotions 6 and 9-11)

Lotions 6 and 9-11 were tested for strength. Lotions 9-11 contained butylene glycol (50% by weight), glycerin (10% by weight), sodium chloride at various weight percentages, and other additional components. The lotion was tested at an add-on level of 250%. Each lotion was tested twice. The test results are provided in table 6.

TABLE 6。

Calcium chloride (lotion 12-16)

Lotions 12-16 were tested for strength. Lotions 12-16 contained butylene glycol (50% by weight), glycerin (10% by weight), various weight percentages of calcium chloride, and other additional components. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) was removed so that the effect of calcium chloride affected the lotion. The lotion was tested at an add-on level of 250%. Each lotion was tested twice. The test results are provided in table 7.

TABLE 7。

Lotion formulation	CaCl2·2H2O [ wt.%]	Amount added [% ]]	The ball bursts [ lb.]
				12	-	250	0.1
12	-	250	0.1
				13	0.50	250	1.5
13	0.50	250	1.6
				14	1.00	250	1.6
14	1.00	250	1.6
				15	2.00	250	1.5
15	2.00	250	1.4
				16	4.00	250	1.7
16	4.00	250	1.8

Calcium chloride provides increased strength as exemplified in lotions 13-16. Lotion 16 had a 1.8lb ball burst. The increase in pellet popping is believed to be caused by the decrease in solubility of CMC calcium in the presence of calcium chloride and solvent. The effect of calcium chloride is greater than in a pure water system due to the lower dielectric constant of the lotion.

Dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether (Dowanol DMP) and salt (lotions 18-23)

Lotions 18-23 were tested for strength. Lotions 18 to 23 contained butylene glycol (50% by weight), various components (sodium chloride, Dowanol DPM and calcium chloride dihydrate) and other additional components. The lotion was tested at an add-on level of 250%. The test results are provided in table 8.

TABLE 8。

Lotions suitable for use as personal care lotions and hard surface cleaning lotions were evaluated by replacing the glycerin with Dowanol DMP. Dowanol DMP may be suitable for personal care and cleaning lotion applications, but it does have an irritating odor that can limit personal care applications. Glycol ethers may be suitable detergents and builders such as sodium carbonate, and may further be added to the lotions of the present disclosure to increase the strength and cleaning properties of the fibrous substrate. Dowanol DPM (DEC ═ 10.5) has a lower dielectric constant than glycerol (DEC ═ 46.5).

Lotion 18 with 15 wt% Dowanol DPM provided a ball burst of 0.7lb. Lotion 8 with 30 wt% glycerin provided a ball burst force of 0.2lb. as provided in table 5. Dowanol DPM increased sheet strength. Sheet strengthening is also provided by calcium chloride dihydrate. The results for lotion 23 were almost twice the results for lotion 20. Lotion 5, having only 50 wt% butanediol, provided a ball burst force of 0.1lb. Thus, the solvent modification doubles the effect of the salt.

Hexanediol (lotion 25-39)

Lotions 25-29 were tested for strength. Lotions 25-39 contained butylene glycol (50% by weight), hexylene glycol, various weight percentages of salts (sodium chloride, calcium chloride, and calcium chloride dihydrate), and other additional components. Hexylene glycol is almost odorless and has a dielectric constant (DEC ═ 7.7) lower than Dowanol DPM (DEC ═ 10.5). The lotion was tested at an add-on level of 250%. The test results are provided in table 9.

TABLE 9。

Butanediol (lotion 41-44)

The strength of lotions 41-44 was tested. In these tests, a new substrate sample was evaluated with a 2.1lb dry ball burst. Lotions 41-44 contained varying weight percentages of butylene glycol, hexylene glycol (5.00 wt%), calcium chloride dihydrate (2.50 wt%), and other additional components. The lotion was tested at an add-on level of 250%. The dried substrates were also tested. The results are provided in table 10.

Watch 10。

With 5% hexanediol and 30% butanediol and 2.5% CaCl₂The lotion 42 of (a) bursts over 1lb. ball and exceeds 45% of the dry sheet strength, which is an important strength parameter for commercially acceptable pre-moistened personal care wipes.

Salt-calcium chloride (lotion 46-49)

Lotions 46-49 were tested for strength. Lotions 46-49 contained butylene glycol (30 wt%), hexylene glycol (5 wt%), different weight percentages of calcium chloride, and additional components. The lotion was tested at an add-on level of 250%. In these tests, a new substrate sample was evaluated with a 1.96lb dry ball burst. The results are provided in table 11.

TABLE 11。

Although the ball burst results were lower, the lotion retained up to 38% of the dry ball burst strength. In addition, the substrate consumed 54% calcium as measured by applying the lotion 41 to the substrate at an add-on level of 250%. The substrate was allowed to stand for about 24 hours and then the lotion was squeezed out of the substrate. The reduction in calcium indicates that the sodium in the CMC sodium is replaced by calcium. CMC calcium has a lower solubility in water than CMC sodium and an even lower solubility in lotions with reduced dielectric constants.

Example 4: dispersibility test (lotions 1-49)

This example tests the dispersion of the lotion on the wipe material.

The dispersibility of lotions 1-49 was tested on the wipe material. The wipe was placed in a Meisen jar containing one half of water and shaken by gently shaking the wrist to see if the wipe containing the lotion broke. All wipes tested provided instant dispersibility.

For lotions 12-16, a regular turbulence box test was performed that caused 100% of the wipes to break within 30 seconds. Thus, calcium chloride is believed to provide increased strength and dispersibility.

Example 5: evaluation of skin feeling (lotions 18-23)

Lotions 18-23 from example 2, table 3, were further tested in the skin feel evaluation. Lotions 18-23 were observed by laboratory hand and used as perineal wipes. The test results are provided in table 12.

TABLE 12。

Changing the dielectric constant provides a wipe that is not as tenacious as a water-based wipe, but not an oil-based wipe. A decrease in the dielectric constant is observed so that the adhesion to the skin is lacking.

Example 6: lotioned wipe compositions (samples 1-16)

This example outlines various lotions with water-soluble binders for use with fibrous substrates and pre-moistened wipe compositions that include these lotions. All lotions comprised the base formulation provided in table 13.

Watch 13。

Components		Solid (% by weight)
			Deionized water	Solvent(s)	Q.S.
CaCl2		Variables of
			Butanediol	Solvent DEC reducing agent	Variables of
Hexanediol	Solvent DEC reducing agent	5.00
			Polysorbate 20	Coupling agent	0.50
Phenoxyethanol	Preservative	0.80
			Aromatic agent		0.05
			Total of		100
pH		5.20

The lotion and wipe compositions were modified with the variables provided in table 14. The levels of calcium chloride, butanediol, and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) varied from sample to sample.

TABLE 14。

The lotion and wipe compositions were modified with the variables provided in table 14 for samples 1-16 as provided in table 15. Lotions were prepared as lotions 50-65 with different concentrations of the components, all having the base formulation of table 13.

Watch 15。

The complete compositions of lotions 50-65 are provided in Table 16. The total amount of each lotion was 100 wt% solids, and the pH of each lotion was 5.20.

TABLE 16。

Table 16. Continuously for

Lotions 50-65 were formulated using the components listed in the base formulation of Table 13, with varying levels of butylene glycol and calcium chloride as provided in Table 15, and with the overall composition as provided in Table 16. Each of the lotions was added to the substrate at an add-on level of 200%, i.e., the weight of the lotion added was twice the weight of the dry substrate. The lotion was applied using an aerosol sprayer with a uniform front and back spray pattern to ensure uniformity and the amount added was controlled by weight using a top-loading balance to an accuracy of ± 3%.

Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) was added during the manufacture of air-laid dry substrates. The substrate was air-laid at a basis weight of about 60g/m2 and a thickness of about 0.6mm to allow adequate penetration. Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) was provided as a 4% Amtex gelysel P2-10C solution dissolved in a 55 gallon tank. The sprayer is a single spray tip in a pilot line approximately 24 inches wide. A pressure of 40psi to deliver 2.00% CMC (as a dry finished substrate); a pressure of 60psi to deliver 2.45% CMC; and the pressure to deliver 2.9% CMC was 80 psi. CMCs can be prepared in a variety of concentrations and delivered at a variety of pressures, so long as they are sprayable and well distributed in the substrate. The pulp used was a Leaf River (LR90) grade 4725 semi-processed pulp that was hammer milled and delivered to 3 forming heads at a rate of (275-.

Response Surface Method (RSM) software was used to analyze variables along with a central compound CCD design with statistical analysis software. CCD designs can help optimize composition when the sweet spot in variable space is unknown. The Box-Behnken design requires fewer samples but can only optimize variables in the field of design of experiments (DOE). The response tested was ball burst or breakdown force (example 7); machine Direction (MD) and Cross Direction (CD) tensile strength (example 8) and water dispersibility (example 9).

Example 7: strength test-ball burst force (samples 1-16)

This example tested the strength of the lotioned wipes of example 6 (samples 1-16) as measured by the ball burst force as provided below.

Samples 1-16 were tested according to the INDA wide Ball Burst Test Method WSP 110.5R4(12), which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety and provided in example 3, to Test Ball Burst force. Ball burst force measurement is a measure of the force with which a steel ball punctures a wet wipe. The higher the ball burst force measurement, the stronger the wipe material. The ball burst force is considered an accurate measurement because the sample size is 4 inches by 6 inches and the cut is farther from the measurement point.

The CCD test was analyzed using a response surface method statistical analysis software to analyze the ball burst force (lb.) of the lotioned wipes (samples 1-16) as a function of the concentration of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), butylene glycol, and calcium chloride. The ball crack response surface has R²0.98 and P0.0002. P is generally less than or equal to 0.05 and is considered statistically significant.

To produce wipes that are appealing to consumers, two main parameters can be considered:

maximum intensity: wetting agents, salts and binders are used to produce maximum ball burst force.

Maximum temperature of the heat: humectants, salts and binders are used to produce maximum mildness.

The results of the ball burst measurements are provided in table 17. A contour plot of the data based on table 17 (ball burst force (lb.) is shown in fig. 5A-5C, fig. 5A provides the calcium chloride and butanediol concentrations versus ball burst force (lb.) at 2.00% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), fig. 5B provides the calcium chloride and butanediol concentrations versus ball burst force (lb.) at 2.45% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), and fig. 5C provides the calcium chloride and butanediol concentrations versus ball burst force (lb.) at 2.90% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC).

TABLE 17。

The dielectric constant of the lotion reduces the solubility of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). CCD testing indicated that the concentration of butylene glycol in the lotion was highly significant (P ═ 0.0001); the concentration of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) in the substrate is highly significant (P ═ 0.00019); the interaction between butanediol and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) is highly significant (P ═ 0.00328); and the level of calcium chloride is also significant (P-0.05162).

As shown in fig. 5A to 5C, as the level of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) increases, the sheet strength of the sample increases. Butanediol and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) greatly increase sheet strength. Since carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is a binder, the more binder is added, the stronger the sheet, as long as the binder sufficiently penetrates the sheet. The higher the butanediol concentration, the stronger the sheet, since butanediol reduces the solubility of the binder.

Calcium chloride or sodium may be used to reduce the solubility of sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC). The absence of salt may cause the ball to burst so that the force is too small to be measurable. For this reason, the lower limit of calcium chloride is set to 0.5% in design of experiments (DOE). Calcium can replace sodium and is more effective than sodium in increasing strength. The importance of calcium increases with decreasing levels of dielectric constant modifying solvent, as shown in table 18.

The effect of calcium chloride on ball burst at high butanediol concentration (i.e., 45%) and low butanediol concentration (i.e., 15%) is provided in table 18.

Watch 18。

Dry strength retention of dry strength is also a useful measure of premoistened wipes. Typically, when dispersible wipe sheets are wetted, most of the dry strength is lost. Surprisingly, the dry strength retention of the highly dispersible wipes of the present disclosure is relatively high.

The dry sheet strength, expressed as a function of ball burst force and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) concentration, is provided in table 19.

Watch 19。

Contour plots based on the data of table 17 (ball burst force-drying retention (% dry)) are shown in fig. 6A to 6C. Fig. 6A provides the relationship of calcium chloride and butanediol concentrations at 2.00% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) to ball burst force-dry retention (% dry). Fig. 6B provides the relationship of calcium chloride and butanediol concentrations at 2.45% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) versus ball burst force-dry retention (% dry). Fig. 6C provides the relationship of calcium chloride and butanediol concentrations at 2.90% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) versus ball burst force-dry retention (% dry). As the butanediol concentration increases, the wet retention increases, which can be attributed in part to two factors. First, the solubility of the binder, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), decreases. Second, the hydrogen bonding of the fibers is protected, which may also increase strength. Substrates without butanediol were not tested because the sheet disintegrated and did not have a measurable ball burst force.

Example 8: strength test-transverse (CD) and Machine Direction (MD) tensile Strength (samples 1-16)

This example tested the strength of the lotioned wipes of example 6 (samples 1-16) as measured by the cross-direction (CD) tensile strength and Machine Direction (MD) tensile strength provided below.

The tension or force per linear inch or grams per linear inch (gli) of the airlaid wipe was measured in the Machine Direction (MD) and Cross Direction (CD). The direction of fabric travel is the MD and the direction transverse to the MD across the fabric is the CD.

Tensile measurements were made using an Instron tensile tester, using Instron Series IX software, according to New TAPPI test method T576 pm-07. Handling during cutting or cutting with blunt scissors can damage the sheet and reduce the stretch measurements.

The CCD experiment was analyzed using JMP version 13DOE RSM statistical analysis software to simultaneously analyze CD and MD tensile strength versus carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), butanediol, and calcium chloride concentrations. Has R when MD and CD stretch are optimized together²0.99 and P0.0001. P is generally less than or equal to 0.05 and is considered statistically significant.

The dielectric constant of the lotion is reduced to reduce the solubility of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and increase strength. CCD experiments showed that the concentration of butylene glycol in the lotion was highly significant (P ═ 0.0000); the CMC concentration in the substrate is highly significant (P ═ 0.00004); the interaction between butanediol and CMC is highly significant (P ═ 0.00056); and the level of calcium chloride is highly significant (P-0.01090).

The results of the CD and MD tensile strength measurements are provided in table 20. Contour plots based on the data (CD tensile strength (gli)) of table 20 are shown in fig. 7A to 7C. FIG. 7A provides the relationship of calcium chloride and butanediol concentrations at 2.00% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) to CD tensile strength (gli). FIG. 7B provides the relationship of calcium chloride and butanediol concentrations at 2.45% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) to CD tensile strength (gli). FIG. 7C provides the relationship of calcium chloride and butanediol concentrations at 2.90% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) to CD tensile strength (gli). Contour plots based on the data (MD tensile strength (gli)) of table 20 are shown in fig. 8A to 8C. Fig. 8A provides the calcium chloride and butanediol concentrations at 2.00% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) as a function of MD tensile strength (gli). Fig. 7B provides the calcium chloride and butanediol concentrations at 2.45% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) as a function of MD tensile strength (gli). Fig. 7C provides the calcium chloride and butanediol concentrations at 2.90% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) as a function of MD tensile strength (gli).

Watch 20。

Fig. 7A to 7C and fig. 8A to 8C show that as the concentration of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) increases, the sheet strength increases. Both butanediol and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) provide the relationship of calcium chloride and butanediol concentrations to CD stretch (gli) at 2.00% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC). FIG. 7B provides the relationship of calcium chloride and butanediol concentrations at 2.45% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) to CD stretch (gli). FIG. 7C provides the relationship of calcium chloride and butanediol concentrations at 2.90% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) to CD stretch (gli). Since carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is a binder, the more binder is added, the stronger the sheet. The higher the butanediol concentration, the stronger the sheet, since the butanediol reduces the solubility of the binder and increases the hydrogen bonding of the fibers. The correlation of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) with butanediol may be strongest in increasing the strength of the sheet. The addition of calcium further improves strength without affecting dispersibility. The combination of calcium chloride and butanediol allows for a reduction in butanediol concentration and a reduction in sheet cost.

The wet retention of dry strength was further measured. Typically, dry strength is lost when dispersible wipe sheets are wetted. Surprisingly, wet strength retention is highly increased in the same manner as ball burst force. The dry sheet strength results expressed as a function of draw and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) concentration are provided in table 21.

TABLE 21。

Dividing the tensile strength by the data and multiplying by 100% gave similar results except that the maximum dry strength retention was slightly above 40%. This reduction is believed to be caused by the low stretch of the carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) substrate combined with the variability caused by cutting 1.5 inch x 1.0 inch strips for the tensile test and 6 inch x 4 inch pieces for the ball burst test).

Examples9: dispersion test (samples 1-16)

This example tested the dispersibility of the lotion on the wipe material of example 6 (samples 1-16) compared to a commercial product. The commercial product comprisesA flushable wipe;a flushable wipe; greatA flushable wipe; andHome Sense^TMthe wipe can be rinsed.

The water dispersibility test was carried out using room temperature water and a turbulent flow box apparatus (Research Dimensions, Neenah, Wisconsin); 12.5mm sieve; and a Peerless shower head (model 76114 WH). The pre-wetted wipe was dried in an oven at 105 ℃ overnight and the substrate weighed. Six (6) replicates of each pre-moistened wipe were tested in a turbulence box and 2L of water at 26rpm for 1 minute. The sample was filtered through a 12.5mm screen and the screen was rinsed with 4L/min of water for 2 minutes with the nebulizer 6 inches above the screen. The remaining wipe was removed from the screen and dried overnight at 105 ℃. The dried residual wipe was weighed. To calculate the percent residue, the dry residual wipe weight was divided by the dry wipe weight and multiplied by 100%. The percent dispersibility is 100% of the percent residue. The 1 minute test may predict wipes that may disintegrate before reaching the sewage system.

The results of the dispersibility test are provided in table 22. Samples 1-16 were completely dispersed within 1 minute.

TABLE 22。

Example 10: maximum mildness and reduced cost

This example evaluates the maximum mildness and minimum cost of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) wipes.

The greatest mildness and lowest cost of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) wipes was observed when butylene glycol and calcium chloride were minimized. Ball burst force (lb.); machine Direction (MD) tensile strength (gli); and the Cross Direction (CD) tensile strength (gli) can be minimized. The minimum functional strength for treating carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) wipes was as follows:

the ball burst force was 0.41lb.

CD tensile Strength of 100gli

MD tensile Strength of 100gli

Below these strength values, it may be difficult to convert, dispense, and use carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) wipes. The minimum was solved using a predictive analyzer in RS1, and the model at the calcium chloride inflection point gave the results provided in table 23.

TABLE 23。

As shown in table 23, at 2.9% carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), the concentration of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) increased to the point where it had reduced solubility in the butanediol composition, thereby imparting a significant strength gain in the presence of low carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) concentrations.

Optimizing the mildness and strength of the wipe can be done when balancing butylene glycol and calcium chloride for consumer use. Ball burst force (lb.); machine Direction (MD) tensile strength (gli); and the Cross Direction (CD) tensile strength (gli) can be minimized. The minimum functional strength for treating carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) wipes was as follows:

the ball burst force was 1.20lb.

CD tensile Strength 250gli

MD tensile Strength 250gli

Below these strength values, it may be difficult to convert, dispense, and use carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) wipes. The minimum was solved using a predictive analyzer in RS1, and the model at the calcium chloride inflection point gave the results provided in table 24.

Watch 24。

As shown in table 24, at 2.9% carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), the concentration of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) increased to the point where it had reduced solubility in the butanediol composition, thereby imparting a significant strength gain in the presence of low carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) concentrations.

Example 11: dielectric constant of lotion formulation and solubility of Water-soluble Binder (lotions 66-81)

This example evaluates how decreasing the dielectric constant of the lotion synergistically decreases the solubility of water-soluble binders, such as carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), to strengthen the sheet.

All lotions (lotions 66-81) contained the base formulations provided in table 25.

TABLE 25。

Components		Solid (% by weight)
			Deionized water	Solvent(s)	45.34
CaCl2*2H2O	Sheet material reinforcer	0.00
			Butanediol	Solvent DEC reducing agent	0.00
Hexanediol	Solvent DEC reducing agent	5.00
			Polysorbate 20	Coupling agent	0.50
Phenoxyethanol	Preservative	0.80
			Aromatic agent		0.05
			Total of		100
pH		5.20

The base formulation of lotions 66-81 was adjusted to contain calcium chloride (CaCl) in an amount of 0%, 0.5%, 1.5%, or 2.5%₂) And butanediol in an amount of 0%, 15%, 30%, or 45%, as provided in table 26.

Watch 26。

For each lotion formulation, 1g to 1.9gPC-10 sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) was added to 200g of lotion and mixed vigorously with a 1 inch stir bar for 5 minutes. The lotion was allowed to stand for 1 hour. The wash was filtered through a 1.5 μm (Whatman 934-AH) filter while rinsing with butanediol. The lotion was dried and filtered at 105 ℃ overnight. The residual weight of each lotion sample was determined. The filtrate recovery was calculated as the percentage of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) initially added to the wash. Each lotion was tested twice.

The results are provided in table 27 and table 28, and fig. 9, fig. 10, fig. 11A to 11C, and fig. 12A to 12C. Figure 9 provides the average percent solids after filtration versus carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) added in order of increasing calcium chloride concentration. Figure 10 provides the average percent solids after filtration versus carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) added in order of increasing butanediol concentration. Figures 11A-11C provide carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) filtrates (in% of the original CMC) of 0.5% calcium chloride and 15% butanediol, 30% butanediol, and 45% butanediol, respectively. Figures 12A-12C provide carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) filtrates (in% of the original CMC) of 2.5% calcium chloride and 15% butanediol, 30% butanediol, and 45% butanediol, respectively.

Watch 27。

Watch 28。

As shown in fig. 10, a lotion with at least 5% hexylene glycol, 15% butylene glycol, and 1.5% calcium chloride provided sufficient insolubility of the carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) binder. Butanediol concentrations greater than 15% (i.e., 30% and 45%) also provided some additional increase in insolubility of the carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) binder.

Lotion 68 (represented as number 3 in fig. 10) contained 0% butanediol and 1.5% calcium chloride. During testing of the lotion 68, errors were identified in the filtration of the lotion based on the amount of percent solids obtained. Lotion 68 (as lotion 68') will be prepared and retested. Lotion 68' is expected to follow the same trend as the additional butanediol concentration shown in FIG. 10. For example, the average percent solids (%) of wash 68' after filtration versus added carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) is expected to be between the measured values for washes 67 and 69, i.e., between 67.35% and 78.00%. The samples will be further tested for filtration. In addition, the samples will be further tested for butanediol concentrations between 0% and 15% as indicated in example 12.

With calcium chloride (CaCl)₂) The lotion of (3) causes calcium to replace sodium in carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). Since the atomic mass of calcium is 40.1 and the atomic mass of sodium is 23.0, the molecular weight of calcium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) is higher than that of sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC). As shown in table 28 and fig. 11A to 11C and fig. 12A to 12C, the% recovery of calcium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) may exceed 100% of the initial sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) due to the difference in molecular weight. Calcium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) may also contain associated water. As shown in table 28 and fig. 11A to 11C and fig. 12A to 12C, it was confirmed that calcium was substituted for sodium in carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and butanediol and calcium chloride (CaCl)₂) The combination of (a) synergistically reduces the solubility of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC). The error of this type of measurement may typically be ± 6% when the recovery is 50% or more, and may be as high as ± 3% when the recovery is below 10%.

The dielectric constant of the reduced lotion formulation was determined to synergistically reduce the solubility of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), a water-soluble binder. As the binder solubility decreases, the sheet is thus reinforced. As the polarity increases, the hydrogen bonding is broken, resulting in a weaker sheet. Salts such as calcium carbonate can increase sheet strength, while dielectric constant (DEC) can decrease sheet strength. Thus, it was surprisingly determined that the addition of a salt, such as calcium chloride (CaCl2), which would increase the dielectric constant (DEC) of the solution and weaken the sheet strength as expected, provided increased insolubility and increased sheet strength instead.

Example 12: dielectric constant of lotion formulation and solubility of Water-soluble Binder (lotions 82-93)

This example evaluates how decreasing the dielectric constant of the lotion synergistically decreases the solubility of water-soluble binders, such as carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), to strengthen the sheet. Such lotion formulations comprise butylene glycol at a concentration between 0% and 15%.

All formulations (lotions 82-93) included the basis for Table 25 in example 11And (4) preparing the preparation. The base formulation of lotions 82-93 was adjusted to contain calcium chloride (CaCl) in an amount of 0%, 0.5%, 1.5%, or 2.5%₂) And butanediol in an amount of 1%, 5%, or 10%, as provided in table 29.

Watch 29。

Lotion formulation	Butanediol (% by weight)	Calcium chloride (% by weight)
			82	1％	0％
83	1％	0.5％
			84	1％	1.5％
85	1％	2.5％
			86	5％	0％
87	5％	0.5％
			88	5％	1.5％
89	5％	2.5％
			90	10％	0％
91	10％	0.5％
			92	10％	1.5％
93	10％	2.5％

For each lotion formulation, 1g to 1.9gPC-10 sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) was added to 200g of lotion and mixed vigorously with a 1 inch stir bar for 5 minutes. The lotion was allowed to stand for 1 hour. The wash was filtered through a 1.5 μm (Whatman 934-AH) filter while rinsing with butanediol. The lotion was dried and filtered at 105 ℃ overnight. Determination of the residue of each lotion sampleAnd (4) weight. The filtrate recovery was calculated as the percentage of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) initially added to the wash. Each lotion was tested twice and measured as provided in example 11.

Lotions 82-93 were expected to have similar trends as provided in example 11, table 28, and figure 10. In particular, with calcium chloride (CaCl)₂) Lotions with a concentration of 0% will increase the insolubility of the binder (i.e., carboxymethylcellulose (CMC)) compared to lotions with butanediol concentrations (i.e., 1%, 5%, and 10%) and calcium chloride concentrations between 0% and 15% (i.e., 0.5%, 1.5%, or 2.5%). Furthermore, for each percentage of butanediol, it is expected that as the calcium chloride concentration increases (i.e., 0.5% to 1.5% to 2.5%), the insolubility of the carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) binder will increase. Furthermore, it is expected that for lotion formulations with butanediol concentrations between 0% and 15%, another inflection point in the increase in insolubility of the carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) binder may be identified.

Example 13: personal care component (skin protectant) evaluation

This example evaluates personal care additives for use with dispersible wipes and for lotions in the solvent system of the present disclosure. Such lotion additives can provide dispersible wipes having a dry powder-like after-use feel. Furthermore, it has surprisingly been found that these additives highly improve the skin feel. The specific additives evaluated, potential functions/modes of action, ranges evaluated, processing/stabilization, and observations are provided in table 30.

Watch 30。

For esterquat as an additive, nine (9) of nine (9) subjects could discern the difference between a wipe containing 1% esterquat and the base formulation in the discrimination and preference screen, and seven (7) of nine (9) subjects preferred the esterquat form. The other two (2) subjects had no preference.

Example 14: group hand data-lauroyl lysine lotion formulation (personal Care component-skin protectant)

This example evaluates the comparative panel hand data for a control lotion formulation versus a formulation containing a lauroyl lysine additive.

Eight (8) subject control products were compared to a product containing 1% lauroyl lysine. Of these subjects, four (4) preferred the lauroyl lysine formulation, two (2) did not, and two (2) preferred the original formulation because they considered it dried faster. One of the subjects who prefers the base formulation demonstrated that there was still some squeaking or squeaking in the hands with the base formulation after their hands were completely dry, but the lauroyl lysine formulation felt smoother or moisturized on their skin.

***

In addition to the various embodiments depicted and claimed, the disclosed subject matter is also directed to other embodiments having other combinations of the features disclosed and claimed herein. Thus, particular features presented herein can be otherwise combined with one another within the scope of the disclosed subject matter such that the disclosed subject matter includes any suitable combination of the features disclosed herein. The foregoing descriptions of specific embodiments of the disclosed subject matter have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the disclosed subject matter to those embodiments disclosed.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the systems and methods of the disclosed subject matter without departing from the spirit or scope of the disclosed subject matter. Thus, it is intended that the disclosed subject matter include modifications and variations as come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

Various patents and patent applications are cited herein, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.