阅读说明：本技术 一种桌面级的3d打印弹性材料拉丝机 (Desktop-level 3d printing elastic material wire drawing machine ) 是由 刘海强 杨晨 许依海 吕明 于 2021-07-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种桌面级的3d打印弹性材料拉丝机。包括连接部分、驱动部分、传送部分和加热挤压部分组成,通过挤压的方式实现3d打印线材的拉丝。首先将原材料颗粒通过进料口放入挤压机中,然后开动步进电机驱动丝杠旋转,带动推进滑块做轴向运动,挤压滑块在轴向滑块的推动下沿着螺纹旋转,从而使原料颗粒进入加热空间,加热空间中通过加热器提供稳定的热量来融化原料颗粒,融化后的颗粒液体被后续进入的颗粒挤压,从喷口被挤出与空气接触后冷却成丝状。本申请改善了传统拉丝机的密封性,实现液体弹性材料的拉丝；该装置即停即用,有着更小的体积和简便的操作方式,并且通过更换不同的喷嘴可以拉出不同直径的热塑线材,通用性更强。(The invention discloses a desktop-level 3d printing elastic material wire drawing machine. The wire drawing device comprises a connecting part, a driving part, a conveying part and a heating and extruding part, and wire drawing of a 3d printing wire is realized in an extruding mode. Raw material particles are firstly put into an extruder through a feed inlet, then a stepping motor is started to drive a lead screw to rotate, a pushing slide block is driven to do axial motion, the extruding slide block is driven to rotate along a thread under the pushing of the axial slide block, so that the raw material particles enter a heating space, stable heat is provided by a heater in the heating space to melt the raw material particles, melted particle liquid is extruded by the subsequently entering particles, and the particles are extruded from a nozzle to be in contact with air and then cooled into filaments. The application improves the sealing performance of the traditional wire drawing machine and realizes wire drawing of the liquid elastic material; the device stops promptly and uses, has littleer volume and simple and convenient operation mode to can pull out the thermoplastic wire rod of different diameters through changing different nozzles, the commonality is stronger.)

1. The utility model provides a desktop level 3d prints elastic material wire drawing machine which characterized in that: comprises a connecting part, a driving part, a conveying part and a heating and extruding part;

the connecting part comprises a device base (1) and a shell; the driving part comprises a stepping motor (2); the transmission part comprises a screw rod (16), a pushing slide block (12) and an extruding slide block (10); the heating extrusion part comprises a heater (9) and a spray head (8);

the shell and the stepping motor (2) are fixed on the device base (1), and the screw rod (16) is supported in the shell; one end of the screw rod (16) extends out of the shell and is connected with an output shaft of the stepping motor (2); the propelling slide block (12) is connected in the shell in a sliding way; a screw pair is formed by the screw rod (16) and one end of the propelling slide block (12); the other end of the propelling slide block (12) and the inner end of the extruding slide block (10) form a revolute pair; the head end of the inner cavity of the shell is provided with internal threads; the external thread on the extrusion sliding block (10) is screwed with the internal thread of the shell; the helix angle of the internal thread is larger than the self-locking angle between the extrusion sliding block (10) and the shell; the heater (9) is fixed at the head end of the inner cavity of the shell; the spray head (8) is arranged on the end face of the head end of the shell; the upper part of the shell is provided with a feed inlet (7) close to the heater (9).

2. The desktop-level 3 d-printed elastomeric wiredrawing machine of claim 1, wherein: the connecting part also comprises a first bearing (15) and a second bearing (11), the outer ring of the first bearing (15) is fixed at the end part of the shell close to the stepping motor (2), and the inner ring is fixed with the screw rod (16); the outer ring of the second bearing (11) is fixed at one end of the extrusion sliding block (10), and the inner ring is fixed with the other end of the propulsion sliding block (12).

3. The desktop-level 3 d-printed elastomeric wiredrawing machine of claim 2, wherein: the first bearing and the second bearing are deep groove ball bearings with the model number of 6300.

4. The desktop-level 3 d-printed elastomeric wiredrawing machine of claim 1, wherein: the transfer section further comprises a positioning rod (13); the positioning rod (13) is fixed in the shell and is in sliding connection with the pushing sliding block (12) to limit the degree of freedom of the pushing sliding block and enable the pushing sliding block to move axially.

5. The desktop-level 3 d-printed elastomeric wiredrawing machine of claim 1, wherein: the driving part also comprises a coupling which is used for connecting the screw rod (16) with the stepping motor (2).

6. The desktop-level 3 d-printed elastomeric wiredrawing machine of claim 1, wherein: the heater (9) is a PTC constant temperature heater.

7. The desktop-level 3 d-printed elastomeric wiredrawing machine of claim 6, wherein: the PTC constant temperature heater comprises ceramic and a thermistor, wherein the ceramic is used for providing heat after being electrified and heated; thermistors are used to monitor internal temperature.

8. The desktop-level 3 d-printed elastomeric wiredrawing machine of claim 1, wherein: comprises a group of spray heads with different sizes, and is detachably connected with the end surface of the head end of the shell.

9. The desktop-level 3 d-printed elastomeric wiredrawing machine of claim 1, wherein: the using method comprises the following steps: turning on a heater, putting the raw material particles printed for 3d into the shell through the feeding hole, and melting the raw material particles through stable heat provided by the heater in the heating space; then the stepping motor is started to drive the screw rod to rotate, the screw rod rotates to enable the pushing sliding block to do axial movement, the extruding sliding block is pushed by the pushing sliding block to do spiral movement along the thread inside the shell, the fused elastic material in the heating space is extruded from the front nozzle and then is contacted with air, and the fused elastic material is cooled into threads.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of extrusion type 3D printing materials, and particularly relates to a desktop-level 3D printing elastic material wire drawing machine.

Background

With the popularization of 3d printers, more and more units and individuals use 3d printing equipment, and the 3d printing consumables increase, wherein the most important is the material of the 3d printing itself. The common 3d printing materials on the market are divided into two main types, namely powder type and linear type, wherein the linear type 3d printing material is most widely used. In the process of converting the 3d printed material from different shapes into a linear shape, an apparatus, namely a wire drawing machine, is required, and the wire drawing machine on the market basically adopts a spiral extrusion mode, conveys material particles through a screw rod, and then extrudes and draws the wire. However, since the screw extrusion mechanism has a large gap between the members, it is difficult to extrude the elastic material by using the screw extruder because the elastic material is soft after being melted and becomes liquid after being melted. Moreover, the existing screw extruder cannot be used for producing small-size and small-amount materials required by small occasions such as laboratories, personal diy and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a desktop-level 3d printing elastic material wire drawing machine, which increases the sealing performance of an extrusion device, uses a stepping motor as a power source to drive a propelling slide block and an extrusion slide block which are connected with a screw rod to move, extrudes melted elastic materials through a nozzle to form wires through the extrusion of the extrusion slide block, and can also extrude wires with different diameters through replacing different nozzles.

A desktop-grade 3d printing elastic material drawing machine comprises a connecting part, a driving part, a conveying part and a heating and extruding part.

The connection portion includes a device base and a housing. The driving part includes a stepping motor. The transmission part comprises a screw rod, a pushing slide block and a pressing slide block. The heating and pressing part comprises a heater and a spray head.

The shell and the stepping motor are fixed on the device base, and the screw rod is supported in the shell; one end of the screw rod extends out of the shell and is connected with an output shaft of the stepping motor; the propelling slide block is connected in the shell in a sliding manner; the screw rod and one end of the propelling slide block form a screw pair; the other end of the propelling slide block and the inner end of the extruding slide block form a revolute pair; the head end of the inner cavity of the shell is provided with internal threads; the external thread on the extrusion sliding block is screwed with the internal thread of the shell; the helix angle of the internal thread is larger than the self-locking angle between the extrusion sliding block and the shell; the heater is fixed at the head end of the inner cavity of the shell; the spray head is arranged on the end face of the head end of the shell; the upper part of the shell is provided with a feed inlet which is positioned at a position close to the heater.

Preferably, the connecting part further comprises a first bearing and a second bearing, the outer ring of the first bearing is fixed at the end part of the shell close to the stepping motor, and the inner ring of the first bearing is fixed with the screw rod; the outer ring of the second bearing is fixed at one end of the extrusion sliding block, and the inner ring of the second bearing is fixed with the other end of the propulsion sliding block.

Preferably, the first bearing and the second bearing are both deep groove ball bearings with the model number of 6300.

Preferably, the driving part further comprises a coupler for connecting the screw rod with the stepping motor.

Preferably, the transfer portion further comprises a positioning rod. The positioning rod is fixed inside the shell and is in sliding connection with the pushing sliding block to limit the degree of freedom of the pushing sliding block and enable the pushing sliding block to move axially.

Preferably, the heater is a PTC constant temperature heater.

Preferably, the PTC thermostatic heater comprises a ceramic and a thermistor, the ceramic being used for electrical heating to provide heat. Thermistors are used to monitor internal temperature.

Preferably, the shower nozzle comprises a group of shower nozzles with different sizes, and the shower nozzles are detachably connected with the head end face of the shell.

And turning on the heater, putting the raw material particles printed by the 3d printing into the shell through the feeding hole, and melting the raw material particles by the stable heat provided by the heater in the heating space. Then, the stepping motor is started to drive the screw rod to rotate, the screw rod rotates to enable the pushing sliding block to move axially, the extruding sliding block is pushed by the pushing sliding block to move spirally along the thread inside the shell, and the extrusion of the fused elastic material in the heating space is achieved. Because the extrusion sliding block is spirally connected with the interior of the shell, the contact surface of the extrusion sliding block and the shell is larger, and the liquid elastic material is more difficult to permeate to other parts of the wire drawing machine, namely the sealing strength of the extrusion part is enhanced. The extruded elastic material is sprayed from a spray head, contacted with air and cooled into filaments.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the improved wire drawing machine is modified aiming at the existing wire drawing machine, the conveying part is driven by the stepping motor, the structure of the conveying part is simplified, the equipment structure is simple, the manufacturing cost is reduced, the replaceable spray head is designed, and the 3d printing wires with different diameters can be prepared.

2. The improved mechanical structure of the extrusion part improves the extrusion sliding block and the inside of the shell into spiral connection through sliding connection, increases the contact surface between the extrusion sliding block and the inside of the shell, ensures that the melted liquid elastic material cannot be leaked, enhances the sealing strength of the extrusion part, and realizes extrusion and wire drawing on the elastic material.

3. The invention has smaller volume and simpler operation, and can be quickly mastered by non-professionals. Is more suitable for being used in laboratories, personal diy and other small occasions.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a 3d printing elastic material drawing machine in the embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the drawing machine for printing an elastic material according to example 3 d;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a pushing slider;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of an extrusion slider;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the housing in the embodiment.

Fig. 6 is a front view of the heating apparatus in the embodiment.

Detailed Description

The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings;

as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the desktop-level 3d printing elastic material drawing machine comprises a device base 1, a stepping motor 2, a coupler 3, a shell left part 4, a shell middle part 5, a shell right part 6, a feeding hole 7, a nozzle 8, a PTC constant temperature heater 9, an extrusion slide block 10, a first bearing 11, a pushing slide block 12, a positioning rod 13, a screw 14, a second bearing 15 and a screw rod 16.

The shell left part 4, the shell middle part 5 and the shell right part 6 are fixed through screws 14 in sequence to form the shell.

The shell and the stepping motor 2 are fixed on the device base 1, the screw rod 16 is supported in the shell, one end of the screw rod 16 extends out of the shell and is connected with the output end of the stepping motor 2 through the coupler 3, and the other end of the screw rod penetrates through the inner ring of the first bearing 15 and is in spiral connection with the propelling slide block 12 which is fixed in the shell in a sliding mode through the positioning rod 13. The housing of the first bearing 15 is fixed at the end near the stepping motor 2. The other end of the pushing slide block 12 forms a rotating pair with the inner end of the extruding slide block 10 through the second bearing 11. Wherein the coupling 3 is a 10mm split coupling.

As shown in fig. 3, the first section of the pushing slider 12 is a cylinder with a diameter of 60mm, and the center of the cylinder is provided with a threaded hole matched with the screw rod for receiving the screw motion transmitted by the screw rod. The central axis of the first section of cylinder is provided with a through hole with the diameter of 4mm for installing a positioning rod 13, and the positioning rod 13 can limit the freedom degree of the pushing sliding block 12 so that the pushing sliding block can only do axial movement along the inner diameter of the shell. The second section of the pushing slide block 12 is a cylinder with the diameter of 40mm, and a through hole with the diameter of 16mm is arranged in the center of the cylinder and used for ensuring that the screw rod cannot interfere with the pushing slide block when the pushing slide block moves axially.

The extrusion sliding block 10 is in screw connection with the shell through a thread arranged inside the shell, and the helix angle of the thread is larger than the self-locking angle of the extrusion sliding block 10 and the shell. As shown in fig. 4, the extruding slider 10 is a cylinder with a diameter of 96mm, and a circle of screw threads is arranged on the periphery of the cylinder, and the main function of the extruding slider is to match with the screw threads on the inner wall of the shell to ensure the tightness of the heating chamber. The left end of the cylinder is provided with a hole with the diameter of 68mm for installing the second bearing 11, and the right end of the bearing hole is provided with a cylinder hole with the diameter of 16mm as a safety margin to prevent the lead screw and the extrusion sliding block from interfering. The extrusion sliding block is pushed by the pushing sliding block to do axial motion and spiral motion along a thread line of the inner diameter of the shell, and the axial motion can be used for extruding the melted flexible material raw material in the heating chamber; and the matching of the threads can ensure the sealing performance of the heating chamber and prevent the leakage of the flexible material which is melted into liquid.

As shown in FIG. 5, the housing is a cylinder with an outer diameter of 140mm and a length of 300mm, and an inner diameter of 100 mm. A cylindrical cavity with the diameter of 110mm and the length of 20mm is arranged inside the right part 6 of the shell and is used for installing a heater 9 to form a heating space. Three threaded holes are distributed at the right end of the shell along a vertical axis and used for installing the nozzle 8. The upper end of the right part 6 of the housing is provided with a feed inlet 7.

As shown in fig. 6, the heater 9 is an O-type PTC constant temperature heater, and includes ceramic and a thermistor, wherein the ceramic is mainly used for heating by electricity to provide heat for the device, and the thermistor is mainly used for monitoring the temperature inside the whole cavity and transmitting information to an external controller, thereby ensuring constant temperature inside the cavity.