阅读说明：本技术 美白组合物、制备方法及用途 (Whitening composition, preparation method and application ) 是由 高俊 孟卫华 何波 包保军 于 2020-12-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及护肤品领域,具体公开了一种美白组合物、制备方法及用途,美白组合物按质量百分比计包括：黑茶镳子果提取物0.5-5.0％,肌醇0.5-3.0％。本发明通过黑茶镳子果提取物和肌醇按特定比例合理配合,得到一种美白组合物。黑茶镳子果提取物富含天然维生素C,能降低络氨酸酶的活性,减少黑色素的形成。天然维生素C透皮吸收有限,吸收度限制了产品的功效。肌醇能增强化妆品配方中其他成分的输送能力,从而加强化妆品的使用效果。肌醇能促进黑茶镳子果提取物的透皮吸收,增强黑茶镳子果提取物的修护抗衰效果。本发明的美白组合物可以在多种美白化妆品的产品形态中应用,具有制备方法简单,应用广泛,能够适应市场需求的特点。(The invention relates to the field of skin care products, and particularly discloses a whitening composition, a preparation method and application, wherein the whitening composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.5-5.0% of ribes nigrum fruit extract and 0.5-3.0% of inositol. The whitening composition is obtained by reasonably matching the ribes nigrum fruit extract and inositol according to a specific proportion. The ribes nigrum fruit extract is rich in natural vitamin C, and can reduce the activity of the tyrosinase and reduce the formation of melanin. Natural vitamin C has limited transdermal absorption and the degree of absorption limits the efficacy of the product. Inositol can enhance the delivery of other ingredients in the cosmetic formulation, thereby enhancing the use effect of the cosmetic. Inositol can promote the transdermal absorption of the ribes nigrum fruit extract and enhance the repairing and anti-aging effects of the ribes nigrum fruit extract. The whitening composition can be applied to various product forms of whitening cosmetics, and has the characteristics of simple preparation method, wide application and capability of meeting market requirements.)

1. A whitening composition, characterized by comprising, in mass percent: 0.5-5.0% of ribes nigrum fruit extract and 0.5-3.0% of inositol.

2. The whitening composition according to claim 1, further comprising an emulsifier comprising one or more of polyglycerol-10 dipalmitate, hydrogenated lecithin, PEG-20 behenate, potassium cetyl phosphate, ceteareth-20, sucrose stearate, polysorbate-60, polysorbate-20, PEG-40 hydrogenated castor oil.

3. The whitening composition of claim 1, further comprising a thickener comprising one or more of hydroxyethylcellulose, carbomer, xanthan gum, sodium acrylate/sodium acryloyldimethyl taurate copolymer, polyacrylate crosspolymer-6, ammonium acryloyldimethyl taurate/behenyl polyether-25 methacrylate crosspolymer, hydroxyethyl acrylate/sodium acryloyldimethyl taurate copolymer, tamarind seed polysaccharide, rugose carrageenan, agarose.

4. The whitening composition of claim 1, further comprising an emollient comprising one or more of cetostearyl alcohol, squalane, neopentyl glycol diheptanoate, ethylhexyl palmitate, dimethicone, cyclomethicone, octyl methicone, caprylic/capric triglyceride, isononyl isononanoate, mineral oil, prinsepia utilis royle oil, octyldodecanol, jojoba seed oil, grape seed oil, isopropyl myristate, phenyl methicone, shea butter.

5. The whitening composition of claim 1, further comprising a humectant comprising one or more of glycerin, butylene glycol, 1, 3-propanediol, betaine, dipropylene glycol, glyceryl polyether-26, erythritol, methyl propylene glycol, hydroxyethyl urea, sodium polyglutamate, panthenol, levan, trehalose.

6. The whitening composition of claim 1, further comprising a skin conditioning agent comprising one or more of bisabolol, tocopherol, beta-glucan, niacinamide, sodium polyaspartate, glycerol glucoside, dipotassium glycyrrhizinate, glutathione, matrine, purslane extract, carnosine, acetyl chitosamine, sodium polyglutamate, lactobacillus fermentation lysate, aloe vera leaf juice.

7. The whitening composition of claim 1, further comprising a ph modifier comprising one or more of triethanolamine, potassium hydroxide, arginine, sodium hydroxide, citric acid, sodium citrate.

8. The whitening composition of claim 1, further comprising a preservative comprising one or more of methylparaben, propylparaben, chlorphenesin, phenoxyethanol, ethylhexylglycerin, hexamidine dihydrochloride, benzyl alcohol.

9. A method of preparing the whitening composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the step of mixing the components of the whitening composition.

10. Use of the whitening composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8 in a skin care product comprising an aqueous, gel, emulsion or cream type skin care product.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of skin care products, in particular to a whitening composition, a preparation method and application.

Background

Skin whitening is a permanent topic and pursuit of vast women who love beauty. The research and development, safety and efficacy evaluation of whitening skin care products naturally become the focus of attention of researchers, production operators and consumers. The color of the skin is mainly determined by the skin pigment content and distribution, with melanin being the most dominant determinant. Melanocytes in the skin produce melanin, melanin granules are transferred to keratinocytes through melanocyte dendrites, and the melanin granules transferred to the keratinocytes ascend to the stratum corneum along with epidermal cells, thereby affecting the color of the skin or forming color spots, and finally being excreted along with the shedding of the stratum corneum.

In addition, the irradiation of ultraviolet rays also changes melanin to generate a substance for protecting the skin, and then the melanin moves layer by layer through cell metabolism to reach the skin epidermis, so that the skin problems such as color spots, uneven skin color and the like seen by people are formed.

At present, a general skin whitening agent mainly achieves the whitening effect by reducing the production of melanin through inhibiting the activity of tyrosinase or blocking the synthesis pathway of the tyrosinase for generating the melanin. The skin whitening agent mainly comprises arbutin, hydroquinone and derivatives thereof, L-ascorbic acid and derivatives thereof, kojic acid and derivatives thereof, vitamin C ethyl ether and derivatives thereof, nicotinamide, tranexamic acid, benzenediol and derivatives thereof, and the like.

However, most of the skin whitening agents currently on the market have a problem of poor ability to be absorbed into the skin, and the effects of the skin whitening agents cannot be exhibited to the maximum extent.

Therefore, how to maximize the effect of skin whitening agents is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently.

Disclosure of Invention

The first object of the present invention is to provide a whitening composition to solve the problem that most of the skin whitening agents currently on the market have poor absorption ability into the skin.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a whitening composition comprising, in mass percent: 0.5-5.0% of ribes nigrum fruit extract and 0.5-3.0% of inositol.

Further, the whitening composition also comprises an emulsifier, wherein the emulsifier comprises one or more of polyglycerol-10 dipalmitate, hydrogenated lecithin, PEG-20 behenate, potassium cetyl phosphate, ceteareth-20, sucrose stearate, polysorbate-60, polysorbate-20 and PEG-40 hydrogenated castor oil.

Further, the whitening composition also comprises a thickening agent, wherein the thickening agent comprises one or more of hydroxyethyl cellulose, carbomer, xanthan gum, sodium acrylate/sodium acryloyldimethyl taurate copolymer, polyacrylate cross-linked polymer-6, ammonium acryloyldimethyl taurate/behenyl polyether-25 methacrylate cross-linked polymer, hydroxyethyl acrylate/sodium acryloyldimethyl taurate copolymer, tamarind seed polysaccharide, carrageen powder and agarose.

Further, the whitening composition further comprises an emollient comprising one or more of cetostearyl alcohol, squalane, neopentyl glycol diheptanoate, ethylhexyl palmitate, dimethicone, cyclomethicone, octyl methicone, caprylic/capric triglyceride, isononyl isononanoate, mineral oil, prinsepia utilis royle oil, octyl dodecanol, jojoba seed oil, grape seed oil, isopropyl myristate, phenyl methicone, shea butter oil.

Further, the whitening composition also comprises a humectant, wherein the humectant comprises one or more of glycerin, butanediol, 1, 3-propylene glycol, betaine, dipropylene glycol, glyceryl polyether-26, erythritol, methyl propylene glycol, hydroxyethyl urea, sodium polyglutamate, panthenol, levan and trehalose.

Further, the whitening composition further comprises a skin conditioner, wherein the skin conditioner comprises one or more of bisabolol, tocopherol, beta-glucan, niacinamide, sodium polyaspartate, glycerol glucoside, dipotassium glycyrrhizinate, glutathione, matrine, purslane extract, carnosine, acetyl chitosamine, sodium polyglutamate, lactobacillus fermentation lysate, and aloe vera leaf juice.

Further, the whitening composition also comprises a ph regulator, wherein the ph regulator comprises one or more of triethanolamine, potassium hydroxide, arginine, sodium hydroxide, citric acid and sodium citrate.

Further, the whitening composition also comprises a preservative, wherein the preservative comprises one or more of methyl hydroxybenzoate, propyl hydroxybenzoate, chlorphenesin, phenoxyethanol, ethylhexyl glycerol, hexamidine dihydrochloride and benzyl alcohol.

A second object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the whitening composition as described above, which comprises the step of mixing the components of the whitening composition.

The third purpose of the invention is to provide the application of the whitening composition in skin care products, wherein the skin care products comprise water-type skin care products, gel-type skin care products, emulsion-type skin care products or cream-type skin care products.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the whitening composition provided by the invention comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.5-5.0% of ribes nigrum fruit extract and 0.5-3.0% of inositol. The whitening composition is obtained by reasonably matching the ribes nigrum fruit extract and inositol according to a specific proportion, and is applied to cosmetics. The ribes nigrum fruit extract is rich in natural vitamin C, and can reduce the activity of the tyrosinase and reduce the formation of melanin. Natural vitamin C has limited transdermal absorption and the degree of absorption limits the efficacy of the product. Inositol can enhance the delivery of other ingredients in the cosmetic formulation, thereby enhancing the use effect of the cosmetic. Under the compound scheme provided by the invention, inositol can promote the transdermal absorption of the ribes nigrum fruit extract and enhance the repairing and anti-aging effects of the ribes nigrum fruit extract. The whitening composition provided by the invention can be applied to various product forms of whitening cosmetics, and has the characteristics of simple preparation method, wide application and capability of meeting market demands.

Detailed Description

The invention provides a whitening cosmetic composition and a preparation method and application thereof. In order that the invention may be more readily understood, reference will now be made to the following more particular description of the invention, examples of which are set forth below. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. These embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete. The various starting materials used in the examples are, unless otherwise indicated, conventional commercial products.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

The numerical values set forth in the examples of the present invention are approximations, not necessarily values. All values within the error range may be included without limiting to the specific values disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention, where the error or experimental conditions allow.

The numerical ranges disclosed in the examples of the present invention are intended to indicate the relative amounts of the components in the mixture and the ranges of temperatures or other parameters recited in the other method examples.

The invention provides a whitening composition, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.5-5.0% of ribes nigrum fruit extract and 0.5-3.0% of inositol.

In this embodiment, black currant (academic name: Ribes nigrum L.), another name: blackcurrants, etc. The black currant fruit is rich in vitamins, saccharides, organic acids, etc., especially vitamin C. In the human body, vitamin C is a highly effective antioxidant that can relieve oxidative stress (oxidative stress) on the substrate of ascorbate peroxidase (ascorbyl peroxidase). The vitamin C can also reduce the activity of the tyrosinase, reduce the formation of melanin, and reduce the generated melanin, thereby achieving the purposes of whitening skin and eliminating spots. Therefore, the whitening composition developed by extracting the ribes nigrum fruit extract can be widely applied to skin care products, and an excellent whitening effect is achieved.

The preparation method of the ribes nigrum fruit extract comprises the following steps:

the first step is as follows: weighing clean ribes nigrum according to a weight ratio: ethanol: adding water into a stainless steel heating reflux pot in a ratio of 1:2:1, starting heating, setting the temperature at 98 ℃, refluxing and cooking for 2 hours, then cooling, and filtering after naturally cooling to about 50 ℃.

The second step is that: filtering the extractive solution with 200 mesh clean gauze, transferring the filtrate into rotary evaporator, vacuumizing, distilling at 62 deg.C, adding butanediol equivalent to the first step when the filtrate is distilled to 20%, and stirring.

The third step: and transferring the mixed solution obtained in the second step to a rotary evaporator in batches, vacuumizing, setting the temperature to 58 ℃, and continuously steaming the rest ethanol to obtain the ribes nigrum fruit extract.

Although the whitening effect can be realized by adding the ribes nigrum fruit extract into the whitening composition, the whitening effect which can be realized by applying the whitening composition prepared only by the ribes nigrum fruit extract into a skin care product is limited, and because the skin has weak absorption capacity on the ribes nigrum fruit extract, the effect of the ribes nigrum fruit extract cannot be exerted to the maximum extent, inositol is also added into the whitening composition in order to improve the problem, and the inositol is a inositol type monosaccharide and has the functions of nourishing, moisturizing and conditioning the skin. Can increase skin luster and keep moisture. Inositol has good transdermal permeability, can promote the permeation of the ribes nigrum fruit extract, and enhances the using effect of cosmetics, so that the whitening composition provided by the invention has more excellent whitening effect.

In a further embodiment of the present invention, the whitening composition further comprises an emulsifier comprising one or more of polyglycerol-10 dipalmitate, hydrogenated lecithin, PEG-20 behenate, potassium cetyl phosphate, ceteareth-20, sucrose stearate, polysorbate-60, polysorbate-20, PEG-40 hydrogenated castor oil. The addition amount of the emulsifier is 0.1-5.0% by mass of the whitening composition.

In a further embodiment of the present invention, the whitening composition further comprises a thickener comprising one or more of hydroxyethylcellulose, carbomer, xanthan gum, sodium acrylate/sodium acryloyldimethyl taurate copolymer, polyacrylate crosspolymer-6, ammonium acryloyldimethyl taurate/behenyl polyether-25 methacrylate crosspolymer, hydroxyethyl acrylate/sodium acryloyldimethyl taurate copolymer, tamarind seed polysaccharide, carrageen powder, agarose. The addition amount of the thickening agent is 0.1-2.0% by mass of the whitening composition.

In a further embodiment of the present invention, the whitening composition further comprises an emollient comprising one or more of cetostearyl alcohol, squalane, neopentyl glycol diheptanoate, ethylhexyl palmitate, dimethicone, cyclomethicone, octyl methicone, caprylic/capric triglyceride, isononyl isononanoate, mineral oil, prinsepia utilis royle oil, octyl dodecanol, jojoba oil, grapeseed oil, isopropyl myristate, phenyl methicone, shea butter oil. The added amount of the emollient is 1.0-30.0% by mass of the whitening composition.

In a further embodiment of the present invention, the whitening composition further comprises a humectant comprising one or more of glycerin, butylene glycol, 1, 3-propanediol, betaine, dipropylene glycol, glyceryl polyether-26, erythritol, methyl propylene glycol, hydroxyethyl urea, sodium polyglutamate, panthenol, levan, trehalose. The adding amount of the humectant is 5.0-20.0% by mass of the whitening composition.

In a further embodiment of the present invention, the whitening composition further comprises a skin conditioner comprising one or more of bisabolol, tocopherol (vitamin E), β -glucan, niacinamide, sodium polyaspartate, glycerol glucoside, dipotassium glycyrrhizinate, glutathione, matrine, purslane extract, carnosine, acetyl chitosamine, sodium polyglutamate, lactobacillus fermentation lysate, aloe vera leaf juice. The addition amount of the skin conditioner is 3.0-10.0% by mass of the whitening composition.

In a further embodiment of the present invention, the whitening composition further comprises a ph adjusting agent comprising one or more of triethanolamine, potassium hydroxide, arginine, sodium hydroxide, citric acid, sodium citrate. The addition amount of the ph regulator is 0.1-0.6% by mass of the whitening composition.

In a further embodiment of the present invention, the whitening composition further comprises a preservative comprising one or more of methylparaben, propylparaben, chlorphenesin, phenoxyethanol, ethylhexylglycerin, hexamidine dihydrochloride, benzyl alcohol. The addition amount of the preservative is 0.1-1.0% by mass of the whitening composition.

In a further embodiment of the present invention, the whitening composition further comprises a solvent, the solvent comprising one or more of water, ethanol. Convenient material obtaining and low cost. The addition amount of the solvent is the balance of the total addition amount in percentage by mass of the whitening composition.

The whitening composition is obtained by reasonably matching the ribes nigrum fruit extract and inositol according to a specific proportion, and is applied to cosmetics. The ribes nigrum fruit extract is rich in natural vitamin C, and can reduce the activity of the tyrosinase and reduce the formation of melanin. Natural vitamin C has limited transdermal absorption and the degree of absorption limits the efficacy of the product. Inositol can enhance the delivery of other ingredients in the cosmetic formulation, thereby enhancing the use effect of the cosmetic. Under the compound scheme provided by the invention, inositol can promote the transdermal absorption of the ribes nigrum fruit extract and enhance the repairing and anti-aging effects of the ribes nigrum fruit extract.

The whitening composition provided by the invention can be applied to various product forms of whitening cosmetics, and has the characteristics of simple preparation method, wide application and capability of meeting market demands.

In another aspect, the present invention also provides a method for preparing a whitening composition, which includes the step of mixing the components of the whitening composition.

The invention also provides application of the whitening composition in skin care products, wherein the skin care products comprise water-type skin care products, gel-type skin care products, emulsion-type skin care products or cream-type skin care products.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3, but those skilled in the art will appreciate that the following examples are only illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products commercially available.

According to the content of each component in the following table 1, the whitening essence of the examples 1 to 3 and the comparative examples 1 to 3 was prepared by the total weight part.

TABLE 1

The preparation methods of the whitening essence liquids in the above examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3 include the following steps:

(1) accurately weighing various raw materials in the formula, and placing the raw materials in a clean and sterilized vessel;

(2) adding phase A raw materials (water, polyglycerol-10 dipalmitate, sucrose stearate, tamarind seed polysaccharide, xanthan gum, methyl hydroxybenzoate, butanediol and methyl propylene glycol) into a vacuum emulsifying pot, stirring, heating to 80-85 ℃, fully stirring uniformly, and keeping the temperature for later use;

(3) adding B-phase raw materials (neopentyl glycol diheptanoate, squalane, bisabolol and isononyl isononanoate) into an oil pan, stirring and heating to 80-85 ℃, fully and uniformly stirring, and keeping the temperature for later use;

(4) pumping the phase B raw material into a vacuum emulsifying pot, mixing and stirring uniformly, homogenizing and emulsifying for 5-8 minutes, stirring uniformly, stirring at constant temperature for defoaming for 10 minutes, and cooling;

(5) cooling to below 40 deg.C, adding C phase raw materials (tocopherol, erythritol, arginine, matrine, beta-glucan, ribes nigrum fruit extract, and inositol), stirring, and cooling;

(6) cooling to below 35 deg.C, adding D phase material (phenoxyethanol), stirring, discharging, and standing;

(7) after the inspection is qualified, filling, packaging and code spraying are carried out;

(8) and warehousing after the inspection is qualified.

Physical and chemical index detection

And testing the physicochemical indexes of the prepared whitening essence according to QB/T2660. The results are as follows:

1. appearance: white or yellowish translucent mucus.

2. pH value: 5.5-6.8.

3. And (3) investigating heat resistance stability: keeping the temperature at (40 +/-1) ℃ for 24h, and ensuring that no obvious character difference exists between the temperature after the temperature is restored to the room temperature and the temperature before the test, so that the product is qualified.

4. And (3) cold resistance stability investigation: keeping the temperature at (5 +/-1) ℃ for 24h, and ensuring that no obvious character difference exists between the product after the temperature is restored to the room temperature and the product before the test, so that the product is qualified.

Application performance detection

1) And (3) product safety test:

the skin care compositions obtained in examples and comparative examples were subjected to a human patch test according to the method described in technical specification for cosmetic safety (2015 edition).

The experimental population is as follows: total 36, 30 women, 6 men, age 21-59, 6 per group, composite subject volunteer enrollment criteria;

the test method comprises the following steps: the selection area is not more than 50mm²A suitable patch tester with a depth of about 1mm, wherein about 0.020-0.025mL of the test substance is added into the patch tester by a closed patch test method; the plaque test device is pasted on the curved side of the forearm of a subject, the subject is removed after 24h, the skin reaction is observed after 0.5h, 24h and 48h respectively after the removal, and the result is recorded according to the skin reaction grading standard in technical Specification for cosmetic safety (2015 edition).

And (3) test results: the 36 subjects scored 0 at 3 observation time points 0.5h, 24h, 48h after removal of the patch (negative response).

2) And (3) product efficacy test:

test of whitening Effect

(1) Taking the example and comparative example cosmetics;

(2) the test population: 90 testers with average age of 25-35 years; wherein, 35 men and 65 women have no damage to skin health; each example and comparative example had 15 subjects. Selecting the left and right cheekbones of the face of a subject, the left and right cheeks at the intersection of the nose tip and the pupil, and the left and right sides at the intersection of the temple and the mouth corner as test areas;

(3) firstly, a blank value of an experimental part before the cosmetic is applied is measured by a technician by using a skin melanin tester (Mexa meter MX 18) of Germany CK company, five times are measured at each point, and an average value is taken;

(4) the subjects measured the data of the experimental sites using a skin melanin tester (Mexamete r MX 18) five times per spot, and averaged once a day, morning and night, after one, two, three, and four consecutive weeks using the example and comparative cosmetics;

(5) and (4) counting the average value of the values measured at each time of the experimental part of the subject, and analyzing the change rule of the MI value, thereby determining the whitening efficacy of the cosmetics of the examples and the comparative examples.

Test data: after four weeks (28 days) of use of the product, the statistics are shown in table 2:

TABLE 2

The embodiment is an embodiment added with different proportions of ribes nigrum fruit extract and inositol; comparative example 1 was a control blank with inositol added, comparative example 2 was a control blank with ribes nigrum fruit extract added. As shown in table 2, from the test results, it can be seen that: the melanin value was in a decreasing trend but the decreasing trend was not significant after analysis from the instrumental test data using the comparative example. After the analysis of instrument test data, the reduction of melanin value is obvious after the composition is used for 4 weeks, which shows that the synergetic whitening effect of the ribes nigrum fruit extract and an inositol product is obvious and is obviously better than that of the ribes nigrum fruit extract or inositol which is used alone.

In conclusion, the whitening composition is obtained by reasonably matching the ribes nigrum fruit extract and inositol according to a specific proportion, and is applied to cosmetics. The ribes nigrum fruit extract is rich in natural vitamin C, and can reduce the activity of the tyrosinase and reduce the formation of melanin. Natural vitamin C has limited transdermal absorption and the degree of absorption limits the efficacy of the product. Inositol can enhance the delivery of other ingredients in the cosmetic formulation, thereby enhancing the use effect of the cosmetic. Under the compound scheme provided by the invention, inositol can promote the transdermal absorption of the ribes nigrum fruit extract and enhance the repairing and anti-aging effects of the ribes nigrum fruit extract.

The whitening composition provided by the invention can be applied to various product forms of whitening cosmetics, and has the characteristics of simple preparation method, wide application and capability of meeting market demands.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents of the present invention, which are made by the present specification and directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields within the spirit of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.

The above description of the embodiments is only intended to facilitate the understanding of the method of the invention and its core idea. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.