阅读说明：本技术 一种陶瓷加工工艺 (Ceramic processing technology ) 是由 郭慧慧 于 2021-01-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种陶瓷加工工艺,包括以下步骤：步骤一,膨润土的改性：将膨润土加入到表面剂中进行低速搅拌,搅拌转速为50-100r/min,搅拌时间为10-20min,然水洗、干燥,然后研磨至50-100目。本发明陶瓷加工中以锂辉石为基料,通过膨润土在表面剂中处理,然后在通过爆破处理,从而将表面剂中的硅灰石穿插到膨润土中,同时通过贝壳粉能够提高硅灰石对膨润土的作用效果,进而在热压煅烧中,通过膨润土与硅灰石的对锂辉石共同改进。(The invention discloses a ceramic processing technology, which comprises the following steps: step one, modifying bentonite: adding bentonite into the surface agent, stirring at low speed of 50-100r/min for 10-20min, washing with water, drying, and grinding to 50-100 mesh. In the ceramic processing, spodumene is used as a base material, bentonite is treated in a surface agent, then blasting treatment is carried out, so that wollastonite in the surface agent is inserted into the bentonite, meanwhile, the effect of the wollastonite on the bentonite can be improved through shell powder, and further, in hot pressing calcination, the spodumene is improved through the bentonite and the wollastonite.)

1. The ceramic processing technology is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step one, modifying bentonite: adding bentonite into a surface agent, stirring at a low speed of 50-100r/min for 10-20min, washing with water, drying, grinding to 50-100 meshes, blasting in a steam blasting machine at a pressure of 1-3MPa for 10-20min, heating to 150 deg.C, keeping the temperature for 10min, and cooling to room temperature;

selecting raw materials: 35-55 parts of spodumene, 5-10 parts of modified bentonite, 2-6 parts of sintering aid and 1-3 parts of siliceous clay;

step three, mixing the raw materials; sequentially adding the raw materials in the step two into a stirrer for mixing treatment, firstly stirring at a high speed of 1500r/min for 15-25min at 1200-;

step four, hot-pressing calcination treatment: the raw materials are sent into a mould for hot pressing treatment, then the reaction temperature is raised to 510-520 ℃ at the speed of 1-3 ℃/min, the raw materials are calcined for 10-20min, then the temperature is lowered to 300 ℃, the heat preservation is continued for 20-30min, the heat preservation is finished, and finally the raw materials are naturally cooled to the room temperature.

2. The ceramic processing technology of claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the surface agent comprises the following steps:

s1: adding sodium dodecyl sulfate with mass concentration of 0.1-0.5% into hydrochloric acid with mass fraction of 5-10%, stirring for 10-20min at a stirring speed of 100r/min, adding modified wollastonite powder, and continuing to stir for 15-25 min;

s2: grinding shell stone powder to 100-200 meshes, and then sending the ground shell stone powder into mixed solution of nickel sulfate and lanthanum nitrate in a weight ratio of 3:1 for ultrasonic dispersion with the dispersion power of 100-200W for 20-30 min;

s3: adding the shell stone powder in the S2 into the S1, then continuing stirring for 10-20min at the stirring speed of 150-.

3. The ceramic processing technology of claim 2, wherein the modified wollastonite powder is modified by the following method: and (3) conveying the wollastonite powder into a plasma box for irradiation treatment, wherein the irradiation power is 100-200W, the irradiation time is 10-20min, and after the irradiation is finished, performing thermal activation treatment to obtain the modified wollastonite powder.

4. The ceramic processing technology of claim 1, wherein the thermal activation treatment comprises the following specific steps: the wollastonite powder is fed into the reaction kettle to react for 10 to 20min at the temperature of between 85 and 105 ℃, the reaction is finished, then the stirring is continued for 25 to 35min at the temperature of between 150 and 170 ℃, the reaction is finished, and the reaction temperature is reduced to the room temperature at the speed of between 1 and 3 ℃/min.

5. The ceramic processing technology of claim 1, wherein the sintering aid is one or more of zinc oxide, magnesium oxide and copper oxide.

6. The ceramic processing process of claim 1, wherein the siliceous clay has a silicon content of 20-30%.

7. The ceramic processing technology of claim 6, wherein the siliceous clay has a silicon content of 25%.

8. The ceramic processing technology of claim 1, wherein the pressure of the hot pressing treatment is 6-12MPa, and the hot pressing temperature is 85-95 ℃.

9. The ceramic processing technology of claim 8, wherein the pressure of the hot pressing treatment is 9MPa, and the hot pressing temperature is 90 ℃.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of ceramics, in particular to a ceramic processing technology.

Background

Ceramics are a generic term for ceramics and porcelain. Common ceramic materials are clay, alumina, kaolin, and the like. Ceramic materials generally have a high hardness but a poor plasticity. Besides being used for tableware and decoration, ceramics play an important role in the development of science and technology. The ceramic raw material is extracted from a large amount of clay which is the original resource of the earth. The clay has toughness, can be plasticized when meeting water at normal temperature, can be slightly dried for carving, and can be completely dried for grinding; when the mixture is burnt to 700 ℃, the pottery can be made into pottery which can be filled with water; when the ceramic material is burnt to 1230 ℃, the ceramic material is vitrified, almost completely does not absorb water, and is high-temperature resistant and corrosion resistant. The flexibility of its usage has various creative applications in today's cultural science and technology. A pottery is invented. The ceramic materials are mostly oxides, nitrides, borides, carbides, and the like. The stricter the requirements on energy conservation and environmental protection are, the more serious the requirements are for many enterprises, especially for manufacturers of high-energy-consumption ceramics and ceramic tiles.

The thermal expansion is a main property of the ceramic material, and the properties related to the thermal expansion mainly comprise thermal shock resistance, mechanical properties and the like of the material. When the material bears large temperature change, the service performance and the safety of the material are directly influenced by the size of the thermal expansion coefficient; the existing ceramic processing technology is simple, sintering aids are mostly adopted for sintering, the expansion coefficient of the formed ceramic is high, and the use effect of the ceramic is reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a ceramic processing technology to solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

the invention provides a ceramic processing technology, which comprises the following steps:

step one, modifying bentonite: adding bentonite into a surface agent, stirring at a low speed of 50-100r/min for 10-20min, washing with water, drying, grinding to 50-100 meshes, blasting in a steam blasting machine at a pressure of 1-3MPa for 10-20min, heating to 150 deg.C, keeping the temperature for 10min, and cooling to room temperature;

selecting raw materials: 35-55 parts of spodumene, 5-10 parts of modified bentonite, 2-6 parts of sintering aid and 1-3 parts of siliceous clay;

step three, mixing the raw materials; sequentially adding the raw materials in the step two into a stirrer for mixing treatment, firstly stirring at a high speed of 1500r/min for 15-25min at 1200-;

step four, hot-pressing calcination treatment: the raw materials are sent into a mould for hot pressing treatment, then the reaction temperature is raised to 510-520 ℃ at the speed of 1-3 ℃/min, the raw materials are calcined for 10-20min, then the temperature is lowered to 300 ℃, the heat preservation is continued for 20-30min, the heat preservation is finished, and finally the raw materials are naturally cooled to the room temperature.

Preferably, the preparation method of the surface agent comprises the following steps:

s1: adding sodium dodecyl sulfate with mass concentration of 0.1-0.5% into hydrochloric acid with mass fraction of 5-10%, stirring for 10-20min at a stirring speed of 100r/min, adding modified wollastonite powder, and continuing to stir for 15-25 min;

s2: grinding shell stone powder to 100-200 meshes, and then sending the ground shell stone powder into mixed solution of nickel sulfate and lanthanum nitrate in a weight ratio of 3:1 for ultrasonic dispersion with the dispersion power of 100-200W for 20-30 min;

s3: adding the shell stone powder in the S2 into the S1, then continuing stirring for 10-20min at the stirring speed of 150-.

Preferably, the modification method of the modified wollastonite powder comprises the following steps: and (3) conveying the wollastonite powder into a plasma box for irradiation treatment, wherein the irradiation power is 100-200W, the irradiation time is 10-20min, and after the irradiation is finished, performing thermal activation treatment to obtain the modified wollastonite powder.

Preferably, the heat activation treatment comprises the following specific steps: the wollastonite powder is fed into the reaction kettle to react for 10 to 20min at the temperature of between 85 and 105 ℃, the reaction is finished, then the stirring is continued for 25 to 35min at the temperature of between 150 and 170 ℃, the reaction is finished, and the reaction temperature is reduced to the room temperature at the speed of between 1 and 3 ℃/min.

Preferably, the sintering aid is one or more of zinc oxide, magnesium oxide and copper oxide.

Preferably, the content of silicon in the siliceous clay is 20-30%.

Preferably, the siliceous clay has a silicon content of 25%.

Preferably, the pressure of the hot pressing treatment is 6-12MPa, and the hot pressing temperature is 85-95 ℃.

Preferably, the pressure of the hot pressing treatment is 9MPa, and the hot pressing temperature is 90 ℃.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

in the ceramic processing, spodumene is used as a base material, bentonite is treated in a surface agent, then blasting treatment is carried out, so that wollastonite in the surface agent is inserted into the bentonite, meanwhile, the effect of the wollastonite on the bentonite can be improved through shell powder, and further, in hot pressing calcination, the spodumene is improved through the joint improvement of the bentonite and the wollastonite, so that the compactness of the spodumene base material is improved, meanwhile, the added siliceous clay has high activity, the calcination efficiency can be improved, the raw materials are reacted, the thermal expansion coefficient is further improved, and the thermal expansion coefficient is remarkably improved through further modification of the process compared with the prior art.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to specific embodiments, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1:

the ceramic processing technology of the embodiment comprises the following steps:

step one, modifying bentonite: adding bentonite into a surface agent, stirring at a low speed of 50r/min for 10min, washing with water, drying, grinding to 50 meshes, sending into a steam explosion machine for explosion treatment at an explosion pressure of 1MPa for 10min, raising the reaction temperature to 150 ℃, preserving heat for 10min, and cooling to room temperature;

selecting raw materials: 35 parts of spodumene, 5 parts of modified bentonite, 2 parts of sintering aid and 1 part of siliceous clay;

step three, mixing the raw materials; sequentially adding the raw materials in the step two into a stirrer for mixing treatment, firstly stirring at a high speed of 1200r/min for 15min, and then stirring at a low speed of 300-400r/min for 35 min;

step four, hot-pressing calcination treatment: the raw materials are sent into a mould for hot pressing treatment, then the reaction temperature is increased to 510 ℃ at the speed of 1 ℃/min, the raw materials are firstly calcined for 10min, then the temperature is reduced to 300 ℃, the heat preservation is continued for 20min, the heat preservation is finished, and finally the raw materials are naturally cooled to the room temperature.

The preparation method of the surfactant of the embodiment comprises the following steps:

s1: adding sodium dodecyl sulfate with mass concentration of 0.1% into hydrochloric acid with mass fraction of 5%, stirring for 10min at the stirring speed of 100r/min, adding modified wollastonite powder, and continuing to stir for 15 min;

s2: grinding shell stone powder to 100 meshes, and then sending the ground shell stone powder into mixed solution of nickel sulfate and lanthanum nitrate in a weight ratio of 3:1 for ultrasonic dispersion, wherein the dispersion power is 100W, and the dispersion time is 20 min;

s3: adding the shell stone powder in the S2 into the S1, then continuing stirring for 10min, wherein the stirring speed is 150r/min, and obtaining the surface agent after the stirring is finished.

The modification method of the modified wollastonite powder of this embodiment is as follows: and (3) conveying the wollastonite powder into a plasma box for irradiation treatment, wherein the irradiation power is 100W, the irradiation time is 10min, the irradiation is finished, and then the wollastonite powder is subjected to thermal activation treatment to obtain the modified wollastonite powder.

The specific steps of the thermal activation treatment in this example are: the wollastonite powder is fed to the temperature of 85 ℃ for reaction for 10min, the reaction is finished, then the stirring is continued for 25min at the temperature of 150 ℃, the reaction is finished, and the reaction temperature is reduced to the room temperature at the speed of 1 ℃/min.

The sintering aid in this example was zinc oxide.

The content of silicon in the siliceous clay of this example is 20%.

The pressure of the hot pressing treatment in this example was 6MPa, and the hot pressing temperature was 85 ℃.

Example 2:

the ceramic processing technology of the embodiment comprises the following steps:

step one, modifying bentonite: adding bentonite into a surface agent, stirring at a low speed of 100r/min for 20min, washing with water, drying, grinding to 100 meshes, sending into a steam explosion machine for explosion treatment at an explosion pressure of 3MPa for 20min, raising the reaction temperature to 150 ℃, preserving heat for 10min, and cooling to room temperature;

selecting raw materials: 55 parts of spodumene, 10 parts of modified bentonite, 6 parts of sintering aid and 3 parts of siliceous clay;

step three, mixing the raw materials; sequentially adding the raw materials in the step two into a stirrer for mixing treatment, firstly stirring at a high speed of-1500 r/min for 25min, and then stirring at a low speed of 400r/min for 45 min;

step four, hot-pressing calcination treatment: sending the raw materials into a mold for hot pressing, then raising the reaction temperature to 520 ℃ at the speed of 3 ℃/min, calcining for 20min, then reducing the temperature to 300 ℃, continuing to preserve heat for 30min, finishing the heat preservation, and finally naturally cooling to room temperature.

The preparation method of the surfactant of the embodiment comprises the following steps:

s1: adding sodium dodecyl sulfate with mass concentration of 0.5% into hydrochloric acid with mass fraction of 10%, stirring at 100r/min for 20min, adding modified wollastonite powder, and stirring for 25 min;

s2: grinding shell stone powder to 200 meshes, and then sending the ground shell stone powder into mixed solution of nickel sulfate and lanthanum nitrate in a weight ratio of 3:1 for ultrasonic dispersion, wherein the dispersion power is 200W, and the dispersion time is 30 min;

s3: adding the shell stone powder in the S2 into the S1, then continuing stirring for 20min, wherein the stirring speed is 250r/min, and obtaining the surface agent after the stirring is finished.

The modification method of the modified wollastonite powder of this embodiment is as follows: and (3) conveying the wollastonite powder into a plasma box for irradiation treatment, wherein the irradiation power is 200W, the irradiation time is 20min, the irradiation is finished, and then the wollastonite powder is subjected to thermal activation treatment to obtain the modified wollastonite powder.

The specific steps of the thermal activation treatment in this example are: the wollastonite powder is fed to the temperature of 105 ℃ for reaction for 20min, the reaction is finished, then the stirring is continued for 35min at the temperature of 150 ℃ and 170 ℃, the reaction is finished, and the reaction temperature is reduced to the room temperature at the speed of 3 ℃/min.

The sintering aid in this example was magnesium oxide.

The content of silicon in the siliceous clay of this example is 30%.

The pressure of the hot pressing treatment in this example was 12MPa, and the hot pressing temperature was 95 ℃.

Example 3:

the ceramic processing technology of the embodiment comprises the following steps:

step one, modifying bentonite: adding bentonite into a surface agent, stirring at a low speed of 750r/min for 15min, washing with water, drying, grinding to 75 meshes, sending into a steam explosion machine for explosion treatment at an explosion pressure of 2MPa for 15min, raising the reaction temperature to 150 ℃, preserving heat for 10min, and cooling to room temperature;

selecting raw materials: 40 parts of spodumene, 7.5 parts of modified bentonite, 4 parts of sintering aid and 2 parts of siliceous clay;

step three, mixing the raw materials; sequentially adding the raw materials in the step two into a stirrer for mixing treatment, firstly stirring at a high speed of 1350r/min for 20min, and then stirring at a low speed of 350r/min for 40 min;

step four, hot-pressing calcination treatment: the raw materials are sent into a mould for hot pressing treatment, then the reaction temperature is raised to 515 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/min, the raw materials are calcined for 15min, then the temperature is lowered to 300 ℃, the heat preservation is continued for 25min, the heat preservation is finished, and finally the raw materials are naturally cooled to the room temperature.

The preparation method of the surfactant of the embodiment comprises the following steps:

s1: adding sodium dodecyl sulfate with mass concentration of 0.3% into hydrochloric acid with mass fraction of 7.5%, stirring for 15min at the stirring speed of 100r/min, adding modified wollastonite powder, and continuing to stir for 20 min;

s2: grinding shell stone powder to 150 meshes, and then sending the ground shell stone powder into mixed solution of nickel sulfate and lanthanum nitrate in a weight ratio of 3:1 for ultrasonic dispersion, wherein the dispersion power is 150W, and the dispersion time is 25 min;

s3: adding the shell stone powder in the S2 into the S1, then continuing stirring for 15min, wherein the stirring speed is 200r/min, and obtaining the surface agent after the stirring is finished.

The modification method of the modified wollastonite powder of this embodiment is as follows: and (3) conveying the wollastonite powder into a plasma box for irradiation treatment, wherein the irradiation power is 150W, the irradiation time is 15min, the irradiation is finished, and then the wollastonite powder is subjected to thermal activation treatment to obtain the modified wollastonite powder.

The specific steps of the thermal activation treatment in this example are: the wollastonite powder is fed to the temperature of 90 ℃ for reaction for 15min, the reaction is finished, then the stirring is continued for 30min at the temperature of 160 ℃, the reaction is finished, and the reaction temperature is reduced to the room temperature at the speed of 2 ℃/min.

The sintering aid in this example was copper oxide.

The content of silicon in the siliceous clay of this example is 25%.

The pressure of the hot pressing treatment in this example was 9MPa, and the hot pressing temperature was 90 ℃.

Comparative example 1:

the materials and preparation process were substantially the same as those of example 3, except that no modified bentonite was added.

Group of	Coefficient of thermal expansion
		Example 1	3.1
Example 2	3.2
		Example 3	3.0
Comparative example 1	4.2

As can be seen from examples 1 to 3 and comparative example 1, the present invention has an excellent thermal expansion coefficient, and has a significantly improved effect compared to the prior art.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.