阅读说明：本技术 一种无灰型车辆齿轮油及其制备方法 (Ashless vehicle gear oil and preparation method thereof ) 是由 文彦龙 周轶 张国茹 王宁 于 2019-09-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及车辆润滑油技术领域,具体涉及一种无灰型车辆齿轮油及其制备方法,所述齿轮油中添加有极压抗磨剂,所述极压抗磨剂为硫型极压剂和磷型极压剂的混合物；所述硫型极压抗磨剂为高压硫化异丁烯,所述磷型极压抗磨剂为硫代磷酸酯铵盐。本发明通过优化极压抗磨剂的选择,可省去向齿轮油中添加Zn元素,替换传统的S-P-Zn添加剂体系,得到一种无灰型车辆齿轮油。(The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle lubricating oil, in particular to ashless vehicle gear oil and a preparation method thereof, wherein an extreme pressure antiwear agent is added into the gear oil, and the extreme pressure antiwear agent is a mixture of a sulfur type extreme pressure agent and a phosphorus type extreme pressure agent; the sulfur type extreme pressure antiwear agent is high-pressure sulfurized isobutylene, and the phosphorus type extreme pressure antiwear agent is thiophosphate ammonium salt. According to the invention, by optimizing the selection of the extreme pressure antiwear additive, the addition of Zn element to the gear oil can be omitted, and the traditional S-P-Zn additive system is replaced, so that the ashless vehicle gear oil is obtained.)

1. The ashless type vehicle gear oil is characterized in that an extreme pressure anti-wear agent is added into the gear oil, and the extreme pressure anti-wear agent is a mixture of a sulfur type extreme pressure agent and a phosphorus type extreme pressure agent; the sulfur type extreme pressure antiwear agent is high-pressure sulfurized isobutylene, and the phosphorus type extreme pressure antiwear agent is thiophosphate ammonium salt.

2. The vehicle gear oil according to claim 1, wherein the amount ratio of the high-pressure sulfurized isobutylene to the thiophosphate ammonium salt is 1: 0.5 to 1.

3. The vehicle gear oil according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a phenol-type or amine-type antioxidant is further added to the gear oil; 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, a phenolic ester type antioxidant T508 or N-phenyl-alpha-naphthylamine are preferred.

4. The vehicle gear oil according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a pour point depressant, a friction modifier, a dispersant, a rust inhibitor, a metal deactivator, and an anti-foaming agent are further added to the gear oil.

5. The vehicle gear oil according to claim 4,

the pour point depressant is polymethacrylate; preferably, the pour point depressant is Viscoplex1-248 or KT 8602;

and/or the friction modifier is one or a mixture of more of ethylene glycol oleate, fatty acid, fatty alcohol, butyl oleate and dimerized linoleic acid; preferably a T406 oiliness agent;

and/or the dispersant is a mono-succinimide dispersant, a di-succinimide dispersant, a polysuccinimide dispersant or a high molecular weight succinimide dispersant; preferred are mono-succinimide dispersants

And/or the antirust agent is one or a mixture of more of benzotriazole, dodecenylsuccinic acid, alkenyl succinate and zinc naphthenate; preferably alkenyl succinates;

and/or the metal deactivator is one or more mixtures of benzotriazole derivatives and thiadiazole derivatives; preferably a thiadiazole derivative;

and/or the antifoaming agent is one or a mixture of methyl silicone oil, dimethyl siloxane and silicone.

6. The vehicle gear oil according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a base oil is further added to the gear oil, wherein the base oil is a high viscosity index mineral base oil, preferably a hydrorefined mineral oil with a viscosity index of 120 > VI > 80; more preferably one or more mixtures of group I or group ii hydrogenated mineral base oils.

7. The vehicle gear oil according to any one of claims 1 to 6, prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight:

8. the vehicle gear oil of claim 7, wherein the pour point depressant is Viscoplex1-248 or KT 8602; the extreme pressure antiwear agent is a mixture of high-pressure sulfurized isobutylene and thiophosphate ammonium salt according to a ratio of 4: 3; the antioxidant is phenolic ester antioxidant T508; the friction modifier is a T406 oiliness agent; the dispersant is a mono-succinimide dispersant; the antirust agent is alkenyl succinate; the metal deactivator is a thiadiazole derivative; the antifoaming agent is 155 antifoaming agent; the mineral base oil with higher viscosity index is one or a mixture of I-type and II-type hydrogenated mineral base oil.

9. The vehicle gear oil according to claim 1, prepared from the following components in percentage by weight:

10. the method for preparing the vehicle gear oil according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:

1) adding base oil and pour point depressant in proportion, heating to 50-60 ℃, heating and stirring, maintaining for 2-3 hours, and then cooling to 40-50 ℃;

2) and sequentially adding the extreme pressure antiwear agent, the antirust agent, the friction modifier, the antioxidant, the metal deactivator, the dispersant and the anti-foaming agent in sequence, and stirring for 2-3 hours until the mixture is completely dissolved and is in a transparent state, thus obtaining the anti-wear lubricating oil.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle lubricating oil, in particular to ashless vehicle gear oil.

Background

GL-5 heavy-load vehicle gear oil is generally used for lubricating driving shafts (front and rear axles) of various automobiles and driving axles of engineering machinery, in particular for lubricating hyperbolic gear vehicles, for the driving axle assembly, oil products are required to have excellent wear resistance and bearing capacity, a lubricating oil film is formed on the surface of a friction pair to maintain the lubricating performance, and in order to adapt to upgrading and updating of the automobile industry, the requirements of heavy-load vehicle gear oil are continuously upgraded. Therefore, the improvement of the thermal oxidation stability of the vehicle gear oil and the clean dispersion of the oil sludge become the main development direction at present, which is beneficial to prolonging the service life of the oil product and reducing the maintenance of equipment.

In a traditional vehicle gear oil additive system, S-P-Zn is mainly used, because ZDDP zinc butyl octyl dithiophosphate is a multi-effect lubricating oil additive which has extreme pressure properties of antioxidant and antiwear agents, but the use of the ZDDP additive cannot meet the requirement of the antioxidant property of the gear oil at the present stage along with the requirement of environmental protection regulations, the zinc butyl octyl dithiophosphate is an inorganic metal salt additive, and the formation of optimized oil sludge and solid sediments is easily caused under the severe conditions of high temperature or operation working conditions.

Therefore, the development of the ashless type vehicle gear oil additive will become the main development direction of the vehicle gear oil in the future. Other additives are selected to replace ZDDP and other inorganic salt additives, and the excellent extreme pressure antiwear and oxidation properties of the additive are ensured, so that the technical requirements of GB13895 are met. Currently, the most representative gear lubricating oil complex additives on the international market are Anglamol6085, Anglamol1045, LZ1038, etc. from Lubrizol corporation. In order to adapt to the use requirements of the Chinese vehicle gear oil, the development of the ashless vehicle gear oil product by selecting the high-quality additive has important significance.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention relates to ashless vehicle gear oil, wherein an extreme pressure anti-wear agent is added into the gear oil, and the extreme pressure anti-wear agent is a mixture of a sulfur type extreme pressure agent and a phosphorus type extreme pressure agent; the sulfur type extreme pressure antiwear agent is high-pressure sulfurized isobutylene, and the phosphorus type extreme pressure antiwear agent is thiophosphate ammonium salt.

The existing additive system S-P-Zn of the vehicle gear oil contains metal element Zn, so that impurities such as metal oxides and the like are easily generated in the using process, and oil sludge and solid sediment are formed. In order to solve the problems, the invention optimizes the sulfur-phosphorus system, and by selecting the sulfur-phosphorus mixture with the characteristics, the high-pressure sulfurized isobutylene has the effect of improving the extreme pressure bearing performance, and the thiophosphate ammonium salt has the effect of improving the wear resistance, so that the extreme pressure wear resistance effect can be achieved without adding Zn.

Preferably, the dosage ratio of the high-pressure sulfurized isobutylene to the ammonium thiophosphate salt is 1: 0.5 to 1.

Further preferably, the dosage ratio of the high-pressure sulfurized isobutylene to the thiophosphate ammonium salt is 1: 0.75.

the high-pressure sulfurized isobutylene of the present invention refers to sulfurized isobutylene prepared under high pressure, and preferably high-pressure sulfurized isobutylene available from ZiboWhifra additive Co.

Preferably, the ammonium thiophosphate salt is available from borun additives, inc, langzhou, under the model number T316.

Preferably, the gear oil is further added with a phenol type or amine type antioxidant.

Further preferred is 2, 6-di-T-butyl-p-cresol, a phenolic ester type antioxidant T508 or N-phenyl-alpha-naphthylamine. The extreme pressure antiwear agent can play an extreme pressure antiwear role of an S-P-Zn additive system, but has relatively insufficient oxygen resistance, and the antioxidant is added to further enhance the overall oxygen resistance of an oil product.

Preferably, the gear oil is also added with a pour point depressant, a friction modifier, a dispersant, a rust inhibitor, a metal deactivator and an anti-foaming agent. The additive of the S-P-Zn system is a composite additive, after the system is replaced, some functions of the additive disappear correspondingly, and the additive can be further added on the basis of the extreme pressure antiwear agent and the antioxidant selected by the invention to enhance the overall performance of an oil product.

Preferably, the pour point depressant is polymethacrylate;

further preferably, the pour point depressant is Viscoplex1-248 or KT 8602; the Viscoplex1-248 was purchased from Romanks.

Preferably, the friction modifier is one or a mixture of more of ethylene glycol oleate, fatty acid, fatty alcohol, butyl oleate and dimerized linoleic acid;

further preferably, the friction modifier is a T406 oiler;

preferably, the dispersant is a mono-succinimide dispersant, a di-succinimide dispersant, a polysuccinimide dispersant or a high molecular weight succinimide dispersant;

further preferably a mono-succinimide dispersant;

preferably, the antirust agent is one or a mixture of more of benzotriazole, dodecenylsuccinic acid, alkenyl succinate and zinc naphthenate;

further preferably, the rust inhibitor is alkenyl succinate;

preferably, the metal deactivator is one or more mixtures of benzotriazole derivatives and thiadiazole derivatives

Further preferred said metal deactivator is a thiadiazole derivative;

preferably, the antifoaming agent is one or a mixture of methyl silicone oil, dimethyl siloxane and silicone;

further preferably, the anti-foaming agent is 155 anti-foaming agent available from Gentiansin, Inc.

Preferably, the gear oil is also added with base oil, and the base oil is mineral base oil with a higher viscosity index.

Further preferred are hydrorefined mineral oils having a viscosity index of 120 > VI > 80.

More preferably one or more mixtures of group I and group ii hydrogenated mineral base oils. Such as chinese petrochemical HVI II10 base oil.

Preferably, the ashless vehicle gear oil is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:

on the basis of selecting the extreme pressure antiwear agent and the antioxidant, the dosage of various additives is in the range, and the oil product can be ensured to have good comprehensive performance.

Preferably, the pour point depressant is one or two of Viscoplex1-248 or KT 8602; the extreme pressure antiwear agent is a mixture of high-pressure sulfurized isobutylene and thiophosphate ammonium salt according to a ratio of 4: 3; the antioxidant is phenolic ester antioxidant T508; the friction modifier is a T406 oiliness agent; the dispersant is a mono-succinimide dispersant; the antirust agent is alkenyl succinate; the metal deactivator is a thiadiazole derivative; the antifoaming agent is 155 antifoaming agent; the mineral base oil with higher viscosity index is one or two mixtures of hydrogenated mineral base oil of I type and II type.

As a preferable scheme, the vehicle gear oil is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight:

the invention also provides a preparation method of the vehicle gear oil, which comprises the following steps:

1) adding base oil and pour point depressant in proportion, heating to 50-60 ℃, heating and stirring, maintaining for 2-3 hours, and then cooling to 40-50 ℃;

2) and sequentially adding the extreme pressure antiwear agent, the antirust agent, the friction modifier, the antioxidant, the metal deactivator, the dispersant and the anti-foaming agent in sequence, and stirring for 2-3 hours until the mixture is completely dissolved and is in a transparent state, thus obtaining the anti-wear lubricating oil.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1) according to the invention, by optimizing the selection of the extreme pressure antiwear additive, the addition of Zn element to the gear oil can be omitted, and the traditional S-P-Zn additive system is replaced, so that the ashless vehicle gear oil is obtained.

2) Furthermore, through a large number of experimental researches, proper base oil and additives compatible with the base oil are selected, and the types and the proportions of the additives are explored, so that the ashless vehicle gear oil composition with excellent high and low temperature performance, thermal oxidation stability, extreme pressure anti-wear performance, anti-corrosion performance and anti-rust performance is obtained, and the ashless vehicle gear oil composition can be used for lubrication protection of the existing vehicle and engineering machinery drive axle gear transmission systems.

Detailed Description

To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the predetermined objects, the following detailed description is given to the specific embodiments, features and effects of the ashless type vehicle gear oil according to the present invention, without limiting the scope of the present invention.

The high-pressure sulfurized isobutylene related in the examples is purchased from Zibo Huihua additive Co., Ltd, the thiophosphoric acid complex ester amine salt is T316 of Lanzhou Borun additive Co., Ltd, the base oil related in the examples is purchased from China petrochemical lubricating oil Co., Ltd, the phenolic ester antioxidant T508 is purchased from Liaoning Tianhe Fine chemical Co., Ltd, the antifoaming agent 155 is purchased from Geng Xin Co., Ltd, and the T406 oiliness agent is purchased from Jinzhou Kangtai.

Example 1

Specific components of the ashless type vehicle gear oil are shown in table 1:

TABLE 1 ashless vehicle Gear oil composition component

The gear oil is prepared by the following method:

1) adding base oil and pour point depressant in proportion, heating to 50-60 ℃, heating and stirring, maintaining for 2-3 hours, and then cooling to 40-50 ℃;

2) and sequentially adding the extreme pressure antiwear agent, the antirust agent, the friction modifier, the antioxidant, the metal deactivator, the dispersant and the anti-foaming agent in sequence, and stirring for 2-3 hours until the mixture is completely dissolved and is in a transparent state, thus obtaining the anti-wear lubricating oil.

Examples of the experiments

For the quality technical indexes of the vehicle gear oil, the test of the embodiment 1 is combined and compared with the GB13895 standard according to the national standard GB13895 heavy-load vehicle gear oil (GL-5), and the following table is shown:

TABLE 2 physicochemical analysis data of ashless type vehicle gear oil composition

TABLE 3 physical and chemical analysis data (continuation) of ashless type vehicle gear oil composition

TABLE 4 physical and chemical analysis data (continuation) of ashless type vehicle gear oil composition

The test results show that all indexes of the ashless vehicle gear oil composition in the embodiment can reach the GB13895 standard and pass four required bench tests of L-37, L-42, L-33 and L-60. The lubricating grease has excellent high and low temperature performance, thermal oxidation stability, extreme pressure wear resistance, corrosion resistance, rust resistance, anti-foaming performance and friction performance, and can be used for lubrication protection of the existing vehicle and engineering machinery drive axle gear transmission system.

Although the invention has been described in detail hereinabove by way of general description, specific embodiments and experiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many modifications and improvements can be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.