阅读说明：本技术 一种船用耐低温耐腐蚀特种电缆及其制备方法 (Low-temperature-resistant corrosion-resistant special cable for ship and preparation method thereof ) 是由 杨志鸿 胡君臣 姚宏安 钱志兵 胡学朝 于 2020-12-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种船用耐低温耐腐蚀特种电缆,包括线芯、绝缘层、内护套和外护套,所述外护套包括以下原料：聚氯乙烯、丁腈橡胶、三元乙丙橡胶、硬脂酸锌、改性白炭黑、改性粉煤灰、增韧剂、改性甲壳素、改性高岭土、纳米碳酸钙、稀土氧化物,通过在外护套材料中加入聚氯乙烯、丁腈橡胶、三元乙丙橡胶,三者混合使得电缆具有优异的耐低温、耐腐蚀性能,通过加入改性白炭黑和改性高岭土,能够提高电缆的物理性能和机械性能,通过加入改性甲壳素和改性粉煤灰,二者协同增效,提高物理性能和机械性能的同时,能够进一步提高电缆的耐低温、耐腐蚀性能,具有广阔的市场前景。(The invention discloses a low-temperature-resistant corrosion-resistant special cable for a ship, which comprises a wire core, an insulating layer, an inner sheath and an outer sheath, wherein the outer sheath comprises the following raw materials: polyvinyl chloride, nitrile rubber, ethylene propylene diene monomer, zinc stearate, modified white carbon black, modified fly ash, a toughening agent, modified chitin, modified kaolin, nano calcium carbonate and rare earth oxide are added into an outer sheath material, the polyvinyl chloride, the nitrile rubber and the ethylene propylene diene monomer are mixed to enable the cable to have excellent low temperature resistance and corrosion resistance, the physical performance and the mechanical performance of the cable can be improved by adding the modified white carbon black and the modified kaolin, the modified chitin and the modified fly ash are added to achieve synergistic interaction, the physical performance and the mechanical performance are improved, meanwhile, the low temperature resistance and the corrosion resistance of the cable can be further improved, and the cable has a wide market prospect.)

1. The marine low-temperature-resistant corrosion-resistant special cable comprises cable cores (10), insulating layers (9), an inner sheath (5) and an outer sheath (1), wherein the cable cores (10) are preferably three and distributed on three corners of an equilateral triangle, the insulating layers (9) are respectively sleeved outside the three cable cores (10), shielding layers are arranged outside the insulating layers (9), the inner sheath (5) is sleeved outside the three cable cores (10), filling layers (6) are arranged between the inner sheath (5) and the three cable cores (10), a fireproof layer (4) is arranged on the outer surface of the inner sheath (5), an armor layer (3) is arranged on the outer surface of the fireproof layer (4), the armor layer (3) is formed by weaving a metal net, a waterproof layer (2) is arranged on the outer surface of the armor layer (3), the outer sheath (1) is arranged on the outer surface of the waterproof layer (2), and the filling layers (6) are arranged between the inner sheath (, the outer sheath (1) is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 35-45 parts of nitrile rubber, 30-40 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer, 6-10 parts of zinc stearate, 10-16 parts of modified white carbon black, 8-12 parts of modified fly ash, 1-5 parts of toughening agent, 11-15 parts of modified chitin, 9-13 parts of modified kaolin, 6-10 parts of nano calcium carbonate and 7-13 parts of rare earth oxide.

2. The marine low-temperature-resistant corrosion-resistant special cable according to claim 1, wherein the outer sheath (1) comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 42-48 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 37-42 parts of nitrile rubber, 33-37 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer, 7-9 parts of zinc stearate, 11-15 parts of modified white carbon black, 9-11 parts of modified fly ash, 2-4 parts of toughening agent, 12-14 parts of modified chitin, 10-12 parts of modified kaolin, 7-9 parts of nano calcium carbonate and 8-11 parts of rare earth oxide.

3. The marine low-temperature-resistant corrosion-resistant special cable according to claim 2, wherein the outer sheath (1) comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 40 parts of nitrile rubber, 35 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer, 8 parts of zinc stearate, 13 parts of modified white carbon black, 10 parts of modified fly ash, 3 parts of a toughening agent, 13 parts of modified chitin, 11 parts of modified kaolin, 8 parts of nano calcium carbonate and 10 parts of rare earth oxide.

4. The marine low-temperature-resistant corrosion-resistant special cable according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the modified white carbon black is as follows: adding the white carbon black into a grinding machine, grinding and sieving the white carbon black, adding the ground white carbon black and a hydrocarbon organic solvent into a reaction kettle, pressurizing the reaction kettle to 1-2MPa by using mixed gas, wherein the mixed gas is prepared by mixing fluorine gas, nitrogen and oxygen according to the volume ratio of 1:7:1, slowly stirring and heating to 60-80 ℃, the heating speed is 20 ℃/h, adding a sulfur silane coupling agent into the mixture, and reacting for 4-6h under the ultrasonic wave of the temperature of 100-120 ℃ and the frequency of 20-30kHz, wherein the mass ratio of the hydrocarbon organic solvent, the white carbon black and the silane coupling agent is 7-9:3: 1-2.

5. The special cable for low-temperature resistance and corrosion resistance for the ship according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the modified fly ash is as follows: adding fly ash into a ball mill, crushing, sieving to obtain fly ash fine powder, adding the fly ash fine powder into a phosphoric acid solution for soaking, then washing with water, airing the fly ash fine powder, adding the aired fly ash fine powder into a resistance furnace, calcining at the temperature of 380 ℃ of 360 ℃ for 20-30min, then naturally cooling to 70-80 ℃, then adding into a mixer, adding a mixed modifier which is 2-4% of the weight of the fly ash under high-speed stirring, stirring for 10-20min, discharging, airing to obtain the modified fly ash, wherein the mixed modifier is composed of lignosulfonate and chitosan according to the mass ratio of 2-3: 1.

6. The special cable for low-temperature resistance and corrosion resistance for the ship of claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the modified chitin is as follows: mixing the chitin high polymer with water, putting the mixture into a reaction container, raising the temperature to 60-80 ℃, and stirring the mixture at an accelerated speed to uniformly disperse the chitin high polymer into the water to form a uniform suspension solution; keeping constant temperature, slowly adding mixed solution of dilute sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide, stirring and reacting at 80-85 deg.C for 2-3h, and irradiating with ultraviolet light to obtain modified chitin.

7. The special cable for low-temperature resistance and corrosion resistance for the ship according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the modified kaolin is as follows: weighing kaolin and sodium chloride according to the mass ratio of 5-6:1, mixing, calcining for 2-3h at the temperature of 600-700 ℃, soaking in an acetic acid solution for 35-45min, filtering after soaking, calcining the filtered substance for 1-2h at the temperature of 500-600 ℃, cooling to 120 ℃ of 110-100 ℃, adding water for repeated washing, and drying for 20-30min at the temperature of 80-100 ℃ to obtain the modified kaolin.

8. The special cable for low-temperature and corrosion resistance for the ship according to claim 1, wherein the rare earth oxide is one or more of lanthanum oxide, cerium oxide and rubidium oxide.

9. The marine low-temperature-resistant corrosion-resistant special cable according to claim 1, wherein a protection structure for protecting the cable core (10) is arranged outside the cable core, the protection structure comprises an arched elastic part (7), V-shaped elastic parts (8) and elastic rings (11), the arched elastic part (7) is sleeved outside each cable core (10), the arc-shaped surfaces of the arched elastic parts (7) outside the three cable cores (10) are in contact with each other, the elastic rings (11) are arranged between the three arched elastic parts (7), the elastic rings (11) are in contact with the arc-shaped surfaces of the three arched elastic parts (7), the V-shaped elastic parts (8) are arranged on two sides of the cable cores (10) inside the arched elastic parts (7), and the V-shaped elastic parts (8) and the arched elastic parts (7) are arranged in an integrated manner.

10. The preparation method of the special low-temperature-resistant corrosion-resistant cable for the ship as claimed in claim 9, characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) drawing and annealing copper monofilaments, and stranding a plurality of monofilaments into a wire core (10) after annealing;

2) an insulating layer (9) is coated outside the wire core (10), and then a shielding layer is formed by adopting overlapping wrapping;

3) an arch elastic piece (7) and a V-shaped elastic piece (8) are arranged outside the wire core (10), and an elastic ring (11) is arranged between the arch elastic pieces (7);

4) according to the structural requirement, filling materials are filled inside and outside the wire core (10) to form a filling layer (6), and then the filling layer is tightened by using a halogen-free oxygen-insulating tape to prevent loosening;

5) preparing an inner sheath (5) on the outer surface of the filling layer (6) by extrusion coating; the fireproof layer (4) is manufactured on the outer surface of the inner sheath (5) through extrusion;

6) weaving an armor layer (3) on the outer surface of the fireproof layer (4), and according to different cable specifications, selecting a proper tinned copper wire to weave on a high-speed weaving machine;

7) a waterproof layer 2 is prepared on the outer surface of the armor layer (3) through extrusion coating;

8) putting polyvinyl chloride, nitrile rubber and ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber into an internal mixer, adding zinc stearate, nano calcium carbonate and rare earth oxide, mixing for 3-5min, then adding modified white carbon black and modified kaolin, mixing for 5-10min, then adding modified fly ash, a toughening agent and modified chitin, mixing for 10-20min, starting discharging when the temperature of the internal mixer reaches 90-100 ℃, after the mixture is completely cooled, extruding and melting the mixture by using a high-precision extruder, shaping by an extrusion die, and then uniformly coating the mixture outside a waterproof layer (2) to form an outer sheath (1) to obtain the required low-temperature-resistant corrosion-resistant special cable for the ship.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of cables, in particular to a low-temperature-resistant corrosion-resistant special cable for a ship and a preparation method thereof.

Background

Typically a rope-like cable made up of several or groups of conductors (at least two in each group) twisted together, with the conductors of each group being insulated from one another and often twisted around a center, the entire outer surface being coated with a highly insulating coating. The cable has the characteristics of internal electrification and external insulation.

Due to the problems of the working environment of the ship, the soaking of seawater, air drying and solarization, high alkali and high humidity, equipment on the ship needs to be explored into the deep sea to work sometimes, and after a period of time, the cable on the ship is frequently damaged and needs to be replaced frequently, so that certain loss is caused, and the inconvenience is brought to the work.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a low-temperature-resistant corrosion-resistant special cable for a ship and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the problems.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a low-temperature-resistant corrosion-resistant special cable for a ship comprises cable cores, insulating layers, an inner sheath and an outer sheath, wherein the cable cores are preferably three and distributed at three corners of an equilateral triangle, the insulating layers are respectively sleeved outside the three cable cores, shielding layers are arranged outside the insulating layers, the inner sheath is sleeved outside the three cable cores, a filling layer is arranged between the inner sheath and the three cable cores, a fireproof layer is arranged on the outer surface of the inner sheath, an armor layer is arranged on the outer surface of the fireproof layer, the armor layer is formed by a woven metal net, a waterproof layer is arranged on the outer surface of the armor layer, the outer sheath is arranged on the outer surface of the waterproof layer, the filling layer is arranged between the inner sheath and the three cable cores, further, a protective structure for protecting the cable cores is arranged outside the cable cores and comprises an arched elastic piece, a V-shaped, the arcwall face of the outside bow-shaped elastic component of three sinle silks contacts the setting, is equipped with the elastic ring between the three bow-shaped elastic component, and the elastic ring all contacts with the arcwall face of three bow-shaped elastic component, the inside of bow-shaped elastic component is located the sinle silk both sides and all is equipped with V type elastic component, V type elastic component sets up with bow-shaped elastic component integral type, bow-shaped elastic component, V type elastic component and elastic ring are made by the foil that thickness is 1-2mm, and the sinle silk is made to protection that can be fine, can also play elastic shock absorption's effect, and when the cable received mechanical collision, bow-shaped elastic component, V type elastic component and elastic ring synergism can reduce the damage that the inner sheath caused to the sinle silk extrusion, further play fine buffering absorbing effect for the sinle silk becomes safer, thereby guaranteed the life of sinle silk.

On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention also provides the following optional technical scheme:

in one alternative: the outer sheath comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 35-45 parts of nitrile rubber, 30-40 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer, 6-10 parts of zinc stearate, 10-16 parts of modified white carbon black, 8-12 parts of modified fly ash, 1-5 parts of toughening agent, 11-15 parts of modified chitin, 9-13 parts of modified kaolin, 6-10 parts of nano calcium carbonate and 7-13 parts of rare earth oxide.

In one alternative: the outer sheath comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 42-48 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 37-42 parts of nitrile rubber, 33-37 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer, 7-9 parts of zinc stearate, 11-15 parts of modified white carbon black, 9-11 parts of modified fly ash, 2-4 parts of toughening agent, 12-14 parts of modified chitin, 10-12 parts of modified kaolin, 7-9 parts of nano calcium carbonate and 8-11 parts of rare earth oxide.

In one alternative: the outer sheath comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 40 parts of nitrile rubber, 35 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer, 8 parts of zinc stearate, 13 parts of modified white carbon black, 10 parts of modified fly ash, 3 parts of a toughening agent, 13 parts of modified chitin, 11 parts of modified kaolin, 8 parts of nano calcium carbonate and 10 parts of rare earth oxide.

In one alternative: the preparation method of the modified white carbon black comprises the following steps: adding the white carbon black into a grinding machine, grinding and sieving the white carbon black, adding the ground white carbon black and a hydrocarbon organic solvent into a reaction kettle, pressurizing the reaction kettle to 1-2MPa by using mixed gas, wherein the mixed gas is prepared by mixing fluorine gas, nitrogen and oxygen according to the volume ratio of 1:7:1, slowly stirring and heating to 60-80 ℃, the heating speed is 20 ℃/h, adding a sulfur silane coupling agent into the mixture, and reacting for 4-6h under the ultrasonic wave of the temperature of 100-120 ℃ and the frequency of 20-30kHz, wherein the mass ratio of the hydrocarbon organic solvent, the white carbon black and the silane coupling agent is 7-9:3: 1-2.

In one alternative: the preparation method of the modified fly ash comprises the following steps: adding fly ash into a ball mill, crushing, sieving to obtain fly ash fine powder, adding the fly ash fine powder into a phosphoric acid solution for soaking, then washing with water, airing the fly ash fine powder, adding the aired fly ash fine powder into a resistance furnace, calcining at the temperature of 380 ℃ of 360 ℃ for 20-30min, then naturally cooling to 70-80 ℃, then adding into a mixer, adding a mixed modifier which is 2-4% of the weight of the fly ash under high-speed stirring, stirring for 10-20min, discharging, airing to obtain the modified fly ash, wherein the mixed modifier is composed of lignosulfonate and chitosan according to the mass ratio of 2-3: 1.

In one alternative: the preparation method of the modified chitin comprises the following steps: mixing the chitin high polymer with water, putting the mixture into a reaction container, raising the temperature to 60-80 ℃, and stirring the mixture at an accelerated speed to uniformly disperse the chitin high polymer into the water to form a uniform suspension solution; keeping constant temperature, slowly adding mixed solution of dilute sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide, stirring and reacting at 80-85 deg.C for 2-3h, and irradiating with ultraviolet light to obtain modified chitin.

In one alternative: the preparation method of the modified kaolin comprises the following steps: weighing kaolin and sodium chloride according to the mass ratio of 5-6:1, mixing, calcining for 2-3h at the temperature of 600-700 ℃, soaking in an acetic acid solution for 35-45min, filtering after soaking, calcining the filtered substance for 1-2h at the temperature of 500-600 ℃, cooling to 120 ℃ of 110-100 ℃, adding water for repeated washing, and drying for 20-30min at the temperature of 80-100 ℃ to obtain the modified kaolin.

In one alternative: the rare earth oxide is one or a combination of more of lanthanum oxide, cerium oxide and rubidium oxide.

In one alternative: the toughening agent is one or a combination of more of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, styrene-butadiene thermoplastic elastomer and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer.

The preparation method of the low-temperature-resistant corrosion-resistant special cable for the ship comprises the following steps:

1) drawing and annealing copper monofilaments, and stranding a plurality of monofilaments into a wire core 10 after annealing;

2) coating an insulating layer outside the wire core, and then forming a shielding layer by adopting overlapping wrapping;

3) an arch elastic piece and a V-shaped elastic piece are arranged outside the wire core, and an elastic ring is arranged between the arch elastic pieces;

4) filling materials on the inner side and the outer side of the wire core according to the structural requirement to form a filling layer, and then fastening by using a halogen-free oxygen-insulating tape to prevent looseness;

5) preparing an inner sheath on the outer surface of the filling layer by extrusion; the fire-proof layer is manufactured on the outer surface of the inner sheath through extrusion;

6) weaving an armor layer on the outer surface of the fireproof layer, and according to different cable specifications, selecting a proper tinned copper wire to weave on a high-speed weaving machine;

7) preparing a waterproof layer on the outer surface of the armor layer by extrusion coating;

8) putting polyvinyl chloride, nitrile rubber and ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber into an internal mixer, adding zinc stearate, nano calcium carbonate and rare earth oxide, mixing for 3-5min, then adding modified white carbon black and modified kaolin, mixing for 5-10min, then adding modified fly ash, a toughening agent and modified chitin, mixing for 10-20min, starting discharging when the temperature of the internal mixer reaches 90-100 ℃, after the mixture is completely cooled, extruding and melting the mixture by using a high-precision extruder, shaping by an extrusion die, and then uniformly coating the mixture outside a waterproof layer to form an outer sheath, thereby obtaining the low-temperature-resistant corrosion-resistant special cable for the ship.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

by arranging the bow-shaped elastic piece, the V-shaped elastic piece and the elastic ring, when the cable is mechanically impacted, the arch-shaped elastic piece, the V-shaped elastic piece and the elastic ring have synergistic effect, so that the damage of the inner sheath to the wire core caused by extrusion can be reduced, a good buffering and damping effect is further achieved, the wire core becomes safer, thereby ensuring the service life of the wire core, and the cable has excellent low temperature resistance and corrosion resistance by adding polyvinyl chloride, nitrile rubber and ethylene propylene diene monomer into the outer sheath material, the physical property and the mechanical property of the cable can be improved by adding the modified white carbon black and the modified kaolin, by adding the modified chitin and the modified fly ash, the physical property and the mechanical property are improved, the low temperature resistance and the corrosion resistance of the cable can be further improved, and the cable has wide market prospect.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a cable according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Notations for reference numerals: 1-outer sheath, 2-waterproof layer, 3-armor layer, 4-fireproof layer, 5-inner sheath, 6-filling layer, 7-arch elastic piece, 8-V type elastic piece, 9-insulating layer, 10-wire core and 11-elastic ring.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments, wherein like or similar elements are designated by like reference numerals throughout the several views, and wherein the shape, thickness or height of the various elements may be expanded or reduced in practice. The examples are given solely for the purpose of illustration and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Any obvious modifications or variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.

Example 1

The utility model provides a marine low temperature resistant corrosion-resistant special cable, includes sinle silk 10, insulating layer 9, inner sheath 5 and oversheath 1, sinle silk 10 is preferred three and distributes on equilateral triangle's three angles, and three sinle silk 10 outsides are overlapped respectively and are equipped with insulating layer 9, and the insulating layer 9 outside is equipped with the shielding layer, and three sinle silk 10 outside overlaps and is equipped with inner sheath 5, is equipped with filling layer 6 between inner sheath 5 and three sinle silks 10, inner sheath 5 surface is equipped with flame retardant coating 4, the flame retardant coating 4 surface is equipped with armor 3, armor 3 comprises the woven metal net, the armor 3 surface is equipped with waterproof layer 2, waterproof layer 2 surface is equipped with oversheath 1, be equipped with filling layer 6 between inner sheath 5 and three sinle silks 10, and then, sinle silk 10 outside is equipped with the protection architecture that is used for protecting it, protection architecture includes, V type elastic component 8 and elastic ring 11, every sinle silk 10 outside all overlaps bow-shaped elastic component 7, and the arcwall face of the bow-shaped elastic component 7 of three sinle silks 10 outside contacts the setting, is equipped with elastic ring 11 between three bow-shaped elastic component 7, and elastic ring 11 all contacts with the arcwall face of three bow-shaped elastic component 7, the inside of bow-shaped elastic component 7 is located sinle silk 10 both sides and all is equipped with V type elastic component 8, V type elastic component 8 sets up with bow-shaped elastic component 7 integral type, bow-shaped elastic component 7, V type elastic component 8 and elastic ring 11 are made by the foil that thickness is 1mm, and sinle silk 10 is made in the protection that can be fine, can also play the effect of elastic shock attenuation, and when the cable received mechanical collision, bow-shaped elastic component 7, V type elastic component 8 and elastic ring 11 synergism can reduce the damage that inner sheath 5 caused to sinle silk 10 extrusion, and a good buffering and damping effect is further achieved, so that the wire core 10 becomes safer, and the service life of the wire core 10 is ensured.

The outer sheath 1 comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 35 parts of nitrile rubber, 30 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer, 6 parts of zinc stearate, 10 parts of modified white carbon black, 8 parts of modified fly ash, 1 part of flexibilizer, 11 parts of modified chitin, 93 parts of modified kaolin, 6 parts of nano calcium carbonate and 7 parts of rare earth oxide.

The preparation method of the modified white carbon black comprises the following steps: adding the white carbon black into a grinder, grinding and sieving the white carbon black, adding the ground white carbon black and a hydrocarbon organic solvent into a reaction kettle, pressurizing the reaction kettle to 1MPa by using mixed gas, wherein the mixed gas is prepared by mixing fluorine gas, nitrogen and oxygen according to the volume ratio of 1:7:1, slowly stirring and heating to 60 ℃, the heating speed is 20 ℃/h, adding a sulfur silane coupling agent into the mixture, and reacting for 4h under the ultrasonic wave of 100 ℃ and 20kHz frequency, wherein the mass ratio of the hydrocarbon organic solvent, the white carbon black and the silane coupling agent is 7:3: 1.

The preparation method of the modified fly ash comprises the following steps: adding fly ash into a ball mill, crushing and sieving to obtain fly ash fine powder, adding the fly ash fine powder into a phosphoric acid solution for soaking, then washing with water, airing the fly ash fine powder, adding the aired fly ash fine powder into a resistance furnace, calcining at 360 ℃ for 20min, then naturally cooling to 70 ℃, then adding into a mixer, adding a mixed modifier accounting for 2% of the weight of the fly ash under high-speed stirring, stirring for 10min, discharging and airing to obtain the modified fly ash, wherein the mixed modifier is composed of lignosulfonate and chitosan according to the mass ratio of 2: 1.

The preparation method of the modified chitin comprises the following steps: mixing the chitin high polymer with water, putting the mixture into a reaction container, raising the temperature to 60 ℃, and accelerating stirring the mixture to uniformly disperse the chitin high polymer into the water to form a uniform suspension solution; keeping constant temperature, slowly dropwise adding a mixed solution of dilute sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide, stirring and reacting at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 2 hours after dropwise adding, and simultaneously irradiating by adopting ultraviolet light to obtain the modified chitin.

The preparation method of the modified kaolin comprises the following steps: the modified kaolin is prepared by weighing kaolin and sodium chloride according to the mass ratio of 5:1, mixing, calcining at 600 ℃ for 2h, soaking in an acetic acid solution for 35min, filtering after soaking, calcining the filtrate at 500 ℃ for 1h, cooling to 1100 ℃, adding water for repeated washing, and drying at 80 ℃ for 20 min.

The rare earth oxide is the proportional combination of lanthanum oxide, cerium oxide, rubidium oxide and the like.

The toughening agent is a combination of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, styrene-butadiene thermoplastic elastomer and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer according to a mass ratio of 1:2: 1.

The preparation method of the low-temperature-resistant corrosion-resistant special cable for the ship comprises the following steps:

1) drawing and annealing copper monofilaments, and stranding a plurality of monofilaments into a wire core 10 after annealing;

2) an insulating layer 9 is coated outside the wire core 10, and then a shielding layer is formed by adopting overlapping lapping;

3) the outside of the wire core 10 is provided with an arched elastic part 7 and a V-shaped elastic part 8, and an elastic ring 11 is arranged between the arched elastic parts 7;

4) according to the structural requirement, filling materials are filled inside and outside the wire core 10 to form a filling layer 6, and then the filling layer is fastened by using a halogen-free oxygen-insulating tape to prevent loosening;

5) an inner sheath 5 is manufactured on the outer surface of the filling layer 6 through extrusion; the fire-proof layer 4 is manufactured on the outer surface of the inner sheath 5 through extrusion;

6) weaving an armor layer 3 on the outer surface of the fireproof layer 4, and according to different cable specifications, selecting a proper tinned copper wire to weave on a high-speed weaving machine;

7) a waterproof layer 2 is prepared on the outer surface of the armor layer 3 through extrusion coating;

8) putting polyvinyl chloride, nitrile rubber and ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber into an internal mixer, adding zinc stearate, nano calcium carbonate and rare earth oxide, mixing for 3min, then adding modified white carbon black and modified kaolin, mixing for 5min, then adding modified fly ash, a toughening agent and modified chitin, mixing for 10min, starting discharging when the temperature of the internal mixer reaches 900 ℃, after the mixture is completely cooled, extruding and melting the mixture by using a high-precision extruding machine, shaping by using an extruding mold, and uniformly coating the mixture outside a waterproof layer 2 to form an outer sheath 1, thus obtaining the low-temperature-resistant corrosion-resistant special cable for the ship.

Example 2

The utility model provides a marine low temperature resistant corrosion-resistant special cable, includes sinle silk 10, insulating layer 9, inner sheath 5 and oversheath 1, sinle silk 10 is preferred three and distributes on equilateral triangle's three angles, and three sinle silk 10 outsides are overlapped respectively and are equipped with insulating layer 9, and the insulating layer 9 outside is equipped with the shielding layer, and three sinle silk 10 outside overlaps and is equipped with inner sheath 5, is equipped with filling layer 6 between inner sheath 5 and three sinle silks 10, inner sheath 5 surface is equipped with flame retardant coating 4, the flame retardant coating 4 surface is equipped with armor 3, armor 3 comprises the woven metal net, the armor 3 surface is equipped with waterproof layer 2, waterproof layer 2 surface is equipped with oversheath 1, be equipped with filling layer 6 between inner sheath 5 and three sinle silks 10, and then, sinle silk 10 outside is equipped with the protection architecture that is used for protecting it, protection architecture includes, V type elastic component 8 and elastic ring 11, every sinle silk 10 outside all overlaps bow-shaped elastic component 7, the arcwall face of the bow-shaped elastic component 7 of three sinle silks 10 outside contacts and sets up, be equipped with elastic ring 11 between three bow-shaped elastic component 7, elastic ring 11 all contacts with the arcwall face of three bow-shaped elastic component 7, the inside of bow-shaped elastic component 7 is located sinle silk 10 both sides and all is equipped with V type elastic component 8, V type elastic component 8 sets up with bow-shaped elastic component 7 integral type, bow-shaped elastic component 7, V type elastic component 8 and elastic ring 11 are made by the foil that thickness is 1.5mm, protection that can be fine is made sinle silk 10, can also play the effect of elastic shock attenuation, when the cable receives mechanical collision, bow-shaped elastic component 7, V type elastic component 8 and elastic ring 11 synergism can reduce the damage that inner sheath 5 extrudes and causes sinle silk 10, and a good buffering and damping effect is further achieved, so that the wire core 10 becomes safer, and the service life of the wire core 10 is ensured.

The outer sheath 1 comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 40 parts of nitrile rubber, 35 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer, 8 parts of zinc stearate, 13 parts of modified white carbon black, 10 parts of modified fly ash, 3 parts of a toughening agent, 13 parts of modified chitin, 11 parts of modified kaolin, 8 parts of nano calcium carbonate and 10 parts of rare earth oxide.

The preparation method of the modified white carbon black comprises the following steps: adding the white carbon black into a grinding machine, grinding and sieving the white carbon black, adding the ground white carbon black and a hydrocarbon organic solvent into a reaction kettle, pressurizing the reaction kettle to 1.5MPa by using mixed gas, wherein the mixed gas is prepared by mixing fluorine gas, nitrogen and oxygen according to the volume ratio of 1:7:1, slowly stirring and heating to 70 ℃, the heating speed is 20 ℃/h, adding a sulfur silane coupling agent into the mixture, and reacting for 5h under ultrasonic waves with the temperature of 110 ℃ and the frequency of 25kHz, wherein the mass ratio of the hydrocarbon organic solvent, the white carbon black and the silane coupling agent is 8:3: 1.5.

The preparation method of the modified fly ash comprises the following steps: adding fly ash into a ball mill, crushing and sieving to obtain fly ash fine powder, adding the fly ash fine powder into a phosphoric acid solution for soaking, then washing with water, airing the fly ash fine powder, adding the aired fly ash fine powder into a resistance furnace, calcining at 370 ℃ for 25min, then naturally cooling to 75 ℃, then adding into a mixer, adding a mixed modifier which is 3% of the weight of the fly ash under high-speed stirring, stirring for 15min, discharging and airing to obtain the modified fly ash, wherein the mixed modifier is composed of lignosulfonate and chitosan according to the mass ratio of 2.5: 1.

The preparation method of the modified chitin comprises the following steps: mixing the chitin high polymer with water, putting the mixture into a reaction container, raising the temperature to 70 ℃, and accelerating stirring the mixture to uniformly disperse the chitin high polymer into the water to form a uniform suspension solution; keeping constant temperature, slowly adding mixed solution of dilute sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide dropwise, stirring and reacting at 83 ℃ for 2.5h after adding dropwise, and irradiating by adopting ultraviolet light to obtain the modified chitin.

The preparation method of the modified kaolin comprises the following steps: weighing kaolin and sodium chloride according to the mass ratio of 5.5:1, mixing, calcining at 650 ℃ for 2.5h, soaking in an acetic acid solution for 40min, filtering after soaking, calcining the filtrate at 550 ℃ for 1.5h, cooling to 115 ℃, adding water for repeated washing, and drying at 90 ℃ for 25min to obtain the modified kaolin.

The rare earth oxide is lanthanum oxide.

The toughening agent is a combination of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and styrene-butadiene thermoplastic elastomer according to the mass ratio of 1: 2.

The preparation method of the low-temperature-resistant corrosion-resistant special cable for the ship comprises the following steps:

1) drawing and annealing copper monofilaments, and stranding a plurality of monofilaments into a wire core 10 after annealing;

2) an insulating layer 9 is coated outside the wire core 10, and then a shielding layer is formed by adopting overlapping lapping;

3) the outside of the wire core 10 is provided with an arched elastic part 7 and a V-shaped elastic part 8, and an elastic ring 11 is arranged between the arched elastic parts 7;

4) according to the structural requirement, filling materials are filled inside and outside the wire core 10 to form a filling layer 6, and then the filling layer is fastened by using a halogen-free oxygen-insulating tape to prevent loosening;

5) an inner sheath 5 is manufactured on the outer surface of the filling layer 6 through extrusion; the fire-proof layer 4 is manufactured on the outer surface of the inner sheath 5 through extrusion;

6) weaving an armor layer 3 on the outer surface of the fireproof layer 4, and according to different cable specifications, selecting a proper tinned copper wire to weave on a high-speed weaving machine;

7) a waterproof layer 2 is prepared on the outer surface of the armor layer 3 through extrusion coating;

8) putting polyvinyl chloride, nitrile rubber and ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber into an internal mixer, adding zinc stearate, nano calcium carbonate and rare earth oxide, mixing for 4min, then adding modified white carbon black and modified kaolin, mixing for 8min, then adding modified fly ash, a toughening agent and modified chitin, mixing for 15min, starting discharging when the temperature of the internal mixer reaches 95 ℃, after the mixture is completely cooled, extruding and melting the mixture by using a high-precision extruder, shaping by an extrusion die, and then uniformly coating the mixture outside a waterproof layer 2 to form an outer sheath 1, thus obtaining the low-temperature-resistant corrosion-resistant special cable for the ship.

Comparative example 1

On the basis of the embodiment 2, the modified fly ash is not contained;

comparative example 2

On the basis of the embodiment 2, the modified chitin is not contained;

comparative example 3

On the basis of the embodiment 2, the modified fly ash and the modified chitin are not contained;

comparative example 4

On the basis of the embodiment 2, the modified fly ash and the modified chitin are replaced by the common fly ash and the common chitin;

control group

A commercially available cable.

Example 3

The utility model provides a marine low temperature resistant corrosion-resistant special cable, includes sinle silk 10, insulating layer 9, inner sheath 5 and oversheath 1, sinle silk 10 is preferred three and distributes on equilateral triangle's three angles, and three sinle silk 10 outsides are overlapped respectively and are equipped with insulating layer 9, and the insulating layer 9 outside is equipped with the shielding layer, and three sinle silk 10 outside overlaps and is equipped with inner sheath 5, is equipped with filling layer 6 between inner sheath 5 and three sinle silks 10, inner sheath 5 surface is equipped with flame retardant coating 4, the flame retardant coating 4 surface is equipped with armor 3, armor 3 comprises the woven metal net, the armor 3 surface is equipped with waterproof layer 2, waterproof layer 2 surface is equipped with oversheath 1, be equipped with filling layer 6 between inner sheath 5 and three sinle silks 10, and then, sinle silk 10 outside is equipped with the protection architecture that is used for protecting it, protection architecture includes, The cable comprises a V-shaped elastic part 8 and an elastic ring 11, wherein the outer part of each cable core 10 is sleeved with an arched elastic part 7, the arc-shaped surfaces of the arched elastic parts 7 outside the three cable cores 10 are in contact arrangement, the elastic ring 11 is arranged between the three arched elastic parts 7, the elastic ring 11 is in contact with the arc-shaped surfaces of the three arched elastic parts 7, the V-shaped elastic parts 8 are arranged inside the arched elastic parts 7 at two sides of the cable cores 10, the V-shaped elastic parts 8 and the arched elastic parts 7 are integrally arranged, the arched elastic parts 7, the V-shaped elastic parts 8 and the elastic rings 11 are all made of metal sheets with the thickness of 1-2mm, the cable cores 10 can be well protected and manufactured, the elastic damping effect can be achieved, when a cable is mechanically collided, the arched elastic parts 7, the V-shaped elastic parts 8 and the elastic rings 11 cooperatively act, and the damage caused by the inner sheath 5 to the cable, and a good buffering and damping effect is further achieved, so that the wire core 10 becomes safer, and the service life of the wire core 10 is ensured.

The outer sheath 1 comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 45 parts of nitrile rubber, 40 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer, 10 parts of zinc stearate, 16 parts of modified white carbon black, 12 parts of modified fly ash, 5 parts of toughening agent, 15 parts of modified chitin, 13 parts of modified kaolin, 10 parts of nano calcium carbonate and 13 parts of rare earth oxide.

The preparation method of the modified white carbon black comprises the following steps: adding the white carbon black into a grinder, grinding and sieving the white carbon black, adding the ground white carbon black and a hydrocarbon organic solvent into a reaction kettle, pressurizing the reaction kettle to 2MPa by using mixed gas, wherein the mixed gas is prepared by mixing fluorine gas, nitrogen and oxygen according to the volume ratio of 1:7:1, slowly stirring and heating to 80 ℃, the heating speed is 20 ℃/h, adding a sulfur silane coupling agent into the mixture, and reacting for 6h under the ultrasonic wave of 120 ℃ and 30kHz frequency, wherein the mass ratio of the hydrocarbon organic solvent, the white carbon black and the silane coupling agent is 9:3: 2.

The preparation method of the modified fly ash comprises the following steps: adding fly ash into a ball mill, crushing, sieving to obtain fly ash fine powder, adding the fly ash fine powder into a phosphoric acid solution for soaking, then washing with water, airing the fly ash fine powder, adding the aired fly ash fine powder into a resistance furnace, calcining at 380 ℃ for 30min, then naturally cooling to 80 ℃, then adding into a mixer, adding a mixed modifier which is 4% of the weight of the fly ash under high-speed stirring, stirring for 20min, discharging, airing to obtain the modified fly ash, wherein the mixed modifier is composed of lignosulfonate and chitosan according to the mass ratio of 3:1.

The preparation method of the modified chitin comprises the following steps: mixing the chitin high polymer with water, putting the mixture into a reaction container, raising the temperature to 80 ℃, and accelerating stirring the mixture to uniformly disperse the chitin high polymer into the water to form a uniform suspension solution; keeping constant temperature, slowly dropwise adding a mixed solution of dilute sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide, stirring and reacting at 85 ℃ for 3h after dropwise adding, and simultaneously irradiating by adopting ultraviolet light to obtain the modified chitin.

The preparation method of the modified kaolin comprises the following steps: the modified kaolin is prepared by weighing kaolin and sodium chloride according to the mass ratio of 6:1, mixing, calcining at 700 ℃ for 3h, soaking in an acetic acid solution for 45min, filtering after soaking, calcining the filtrate at 600 ℃ for 2h, cooling to 120 ℃, adding water for repeated washing, and drying at 100 ℃ for 30 min.

The rare earth oxide is one or a combination of more of lanthanum oxide, cerium oxide and rubidium oxide.

The toughening agent is one or a combination of more of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, styrene-butadiene thermoplastic elastomer and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer.

The preparation method of the low-temperature-resistant corrosion-resistant special cable for the ship comprises the following steps:

1) drawing and annealing copper monofilaments, and stranding a plurality of monofilaments into a wire core 10 after annealing;

2) an insulating layer 9 is coated outside the wire core 10, and then a shielding layer is formed by adopting overlapping lapping;

3) the outside of the wire core 10 is provided with an arched elastic part 7 and a V-shaped elastic part 8, and an elastic ring 11 is arranged between the arched elastic parts 7;

4) according to the structural requirement, filling materials are filled inside and outside the wire core 10 to form a filling layer 6, and then the filling layer is fastened by using a halogen-free oxygen-insulating tape to prevent loosening;

5) an inner sheath 5 is manufactured on the outer surface of the filling layer 6 through extrusion; the fire-proof layer 4 is manufactured on the outer surface of the inner sheath 5 through extrusion;

6) weaving an armor layer 3 on the outer surface of the fireproof layer 4, and according to different cable specifications, selecting a proper tinned copper wire to weave on a high-speed weaving machine;

7) a waterproof layer 2 is prepared on the outer surface of the armor layer 3 through extrusion coating;

8) putting polyvinyl chloride, nitrile rubber and ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber into an internal mixer, adding zinc stearate, nano calcium carbonate and rare earth oxide, mixing for 5min, then adding modified white carbon black and modified kaolin, mixing for 10min, then adding modified fly ash, a toughening agent and modified chitin, mixing for 20min, starting discharging when the temperature of the internal mixer reaches 100 ℃, after the mixture is completely cooled, extruding and melting the mixture by using a high-precision extruder, shaping by an extrusion die, and then uniformly coating the mixture outside a waterproof layer 2 to form an outer sheath 1, thus obtaining the low-temperature-resistant corrosion-resistant special cable for the ship.

The cables of examples 1 to 3, comparative examples 1 to 4 and the control were subjected to performance tests, the results of which are given in the following table:

group of	Tensile strength/MPa	Elongation at break/%	Percentage of acid loss by weight%	Alkali leaching weight loss ratio/%)	Low temperature embrittlement temperature DEG C
						Example 1	30.3	455.9	0.7	0.7	-133
Example 2	33.1	457.2	0.6	0.5	-137
						Example 3	31.4	456.1	0.7	0.6	-135
Comparative example 1	24.1	371.8	7.4	6.8	-87
						Comparative example 2	23.9	369.9	7.1	6.6	-89
Comparative example 3	20.3	323.1	11.6	10.8	-62
						Comparative example 4	22.9	357.6	8.3	8.1	-75
Control group	24.3	372.4	7.5	7.0	-98

The results clearly show that the cable prepared by the invention has good mechanical properties and low temperature and corrosion resistance, and meanwhile, the mechanical properties and the low temperature and corrosion resistance can be greatly improved by the synergistic effect of the modified fly ash and the modified chitin.

By arranging the bow-shaped elastic piece, the V-shaped elastic piece and the elastic ring, when the cable is mechanically impacted, the arch-shaped elastic piece, the V-shaped elastic piece and the elastic ring have synergistic effect, so that the damage of the inner sheath to the wire core caused by extrusion can be reduced, a good buffering and damping effect is further achieved, the wire core becomes safer, thereby ensuring the service life of the wire core, and the cable has excellent low temperature resistance and corrosion resistance by adding polyvinyl chloride, nitrile rubber and ethylene propylene diene monomer into the outer sheath material, the physical property and the mechanical property of the cable can be improved by adding the modified white carbon black and the modified kaolin, by adding the modified chitin and the modified fly ash, the physical property and the mechanical property are improved, the low temperature resistance and the corrosion resistance of the cable can be further improved, and the cable has wide market prospect.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present disclosure, but the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present disclosure, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present disclosure shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.