阅读说明：本技术 一种高坝大库施工期-运行初期高水位蓄水方法 (High-water-level water storage method for construction period of high-dam large reservoir and at initial operation stage ) 是由 乔雨 杨宗立 刘迎雨 陈东斌 牟荣峰 李文凯 杨宁 乐江华 刘科 晁燕安 彭正 于 2021-07-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种高坝大库施工期-运行初期高水位蓄水方法,包括如下步骤：步骤一,施工期,大坝施工形象面貌满足水位抬升要求,大坝的表孔具备过流、中孔具备下闸挡水；步骤二,进入汛期,通过泄洪设施进行蓄水,水位进行抬升,泄洪设施包括中孔和泄洪洞；步骤三,当水位抬升至表孔溢流面堰顶高程时,表孔进行过流,入库流量大于表孔敞泄流量,通过泄洪设施控泄和表孔敞泄相结合进行水位抬升；步骤四,当水库水位抬升至防洪度汛安全水位后,通过调节泄洪洞的闸门的开度。该蓄水方法能够实现大坝在施工期或运行初期的蓄水,实现在主汛期进行水库水位提升的同时保证枢纽工程安全度汛,为发电机组高水位调试创造有利条件,助力机组提前实现机组满发。(The invention provides a high water level water storage method in the construction period-operation initial stage of a high dam reservoir, which comprises the following steps: step one, in a construction period, the construction image and the appearance of the dam meet the requirement of water level lifting, a surface hole of the dam has overflowing, and a middle hole has gate-down water retaining; step two, entering a flood season, storing water through a flood discharge facility, and lifting a water level, wherein the flood discharge facility comprises a middle hole and a flood discharge hole; thirdly, when the water level rises to the weir crest elevation of the overflow surface of the surface hole, overflowing the surface hole, enabling the warehousing flow to be larger than the surface hole open discharge flow, and lifting the water level through the combination of flood discharge facility control discharge and surface hole open discharge; and step four, after the water level of the reservoir is lifted to the flood control safe water level, adjusting the opening degree of a gate of the flood discharge hole. The water storage method can realize the water storage of the dam in the construction period or the initial operation period, the water level of the reservoir is lifted in the main flood season, the safety flood of the hub project is guaranteed, favorable conditions are created for high water level adjustment of the generator set, and the booster set can realize full delivery of the generator set in advance.)

1. A high water level water storage method at the construction period of a high dam reservoir and the initial operation stage is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step one, in a construction period, the construction image and appearance of the dam (1) meet the requirement of water level lifting, a surface hole (3) of the dam (1) has an overflowing condition, and a middle hole (2) has a lower gate water blocking condition;

step two, entering a flood season, storing water through a flood discharge facility, lifting the water level, wherein the flood discharge facility comprises a middle hole (2) and a flood discharge tunnel (7), and the gate of the flood discharge tunnel (7) is opened and closed at different opening degrees to adjust the water inflow;

thirdly, when the water level rises to the weir top elevation of the overflow surface of the meter hole (3), overflowing the meter hole (3), enabling the warehousing flow to be larger than the open discharge flow of the meter hole (3), and then combining flood discharge control and meter hole (3) open discharge to lift the water level;

and step four, after the water level of the reservoir is lifted to the flood control safe water level, the water level is maintained to continuously run to the end of flood by adjusting the opening degree of a gate of the flood discharge hole (7) and combining flood discharge control of a flood discharge facility and surface hole opening and discharge.

2. The high water level water storage method in the construction period of the high dam reservoir-the initial operation stage according to claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, the flood control safe water level is 5-10 m higher than the elevation of the top of the overflow surface weir of the surface hole (3).

3. The high water level water storage method in the construction period of the high dam reservoir-the initial operation period according to claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, after the gantry crane (5) and the gantry crane track (4) at the top of the dam are installed, the hoisting type hoist (6) is temporarily fixed on the gantry crane (5), and the hoisting type hoist (6) opens and closes the access door or the temporary door in the door slot in the surface hole (3).

4. The method for high water level impoundment at the construction period of a high dam reservoir-operation initial stage according to claim 1, characterized in that the surface hole (3) is arranged at the middle position of the dam crest.

5. A high water level impoundment method in the construction period-initial operation period of a high dam reservoir according to claim 1, characterized in that the flood discharge tunnels (7) are arranged along the mountain.

6. A high water level impoundment method in the construction period of a dam bank-the initial period of operation according to claim 1, characterized in that the middle hole (2) is arranged in the middle and lower part of the dam body.

7. The high water level impoundment method in the construction period and the initial operation period of the high dam reservoir according to the claim 6 is characterized in that a mesopore hoist (8) is arranged in the mesopore (2).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of dam concrete construction of hydroelectric engineering, in particular to a high water level water storage method at the construction period of a high dam reservoir-operation initial stage.

Background

In the hydroelectric engineering, the difficulty of reservoir storage (first water storage in the construction period) in the construction period-operation initial stage is high, and particularly, water is directly stored to a high water level in a flood season, so that the reservoir not only faces huge construction risks, but also has high flood control pressure. Construction technologies such as dam body images, joint grouting, diversion tunnel plugging and the like of a high dam and a large reservoir are greatly improved, the image and the appearance of a plurality of reservoirs in the first water storage year meet the water storage requirement, but as the dam body is just poured to the top, the installation period of a gate machine at the top of the dam is long, the installation of a portal frame is mostly only completed, and no gate descending condition is provided, so that a new challenge is brought to the first normal water storage level water storage in a flood season. At present, no high dam reservoir is used for storing water at a normal water storage level in a main flood season, a construction period is completed at the end of a flood season and an initial operation stage, so that the reservoir is in a low water level for a long time in the flood season, a large amount of water is abandoned, debugging of a unit is influenced, and the formed reservoir capacity is difficult to be fully utilized for power generation, thereby bringing great economic benefit loss.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a high water level storage method for a high dam reservoir construction period at the initial operation stage, which realizes the storage of the dam in the construction period or the initial operation stage, realizes the reservoir water level lifting in the major flood season, ensures the safety flood of a hub project, creates favorable conditions for high water level debugging of a generator set, and assists the generator set to realize the full delivery of the generator set in advance.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a high water level water storage method at the construction period-operation initial stage of a high dam reservoir comprises the following steps:

step one, in a construction period, the construction image and appearance of the dam meet the requirement of water level lifting, a surface hole of the dam has an overflowing condition, and a middle hole of the dam has a lower gate water blocking condition;

step two, entering a flood season, storing water through a flood discharge facility, lifting the water level, wherein the flood discharge facility comprises a middle hole and a flood discharge hole, and the gate of the flood discharge hole is opened and closed at different opening degrees to adjust the water inflow;

thirdly, when the water level rises to the weir crest elevation of the overflow surface of the surface hole, overflowing the surface hole, enabling the warehousing flow to be larger than the surface hole open discharge flow, and then combining flood discharge control and surface hole open discharge through a flood discharge facility to lift the water level;

and step four, after the water level of the reservoir is lifted to the flood control safe water level, the water level is maintained to continuously run to the end of flood by adjusting the opening degree of a gate of the flood discharge hole, combining flood discharge control of a flood discharge facility and surface hole opening and discharge.

In the preferred scheme, in the fourth step, the flood control safe water level is 5-10 m higher than the elevation of the top of the surface hole overflow surface weir.

In the preferred scheme, in the fourth step, after the portal frame and the portal frame rail at the top of the dam are installed, the hoisting type hoist is temporarily fixed on the portal frame, and the hoisting type hoist opens and closes the access door or the temporary door in the portal groove in the surface hole.

In a preferable scheme, the surface hole is arranged in the middle of the dam crest.

In a preferred scheme, the spillway tunnels are arranged along a mountain body.

In a preferred scheme, the middle hole is arranged at the middle lower part of the dam body.

In a preferred scheme, a mesopore hoist is arranged in the mesopore.

According to the high water level storage method for the construction period of the high dam and the reservoir at the initial operation stage, the water level is lifted by combining the flood discharge facility control and the surface hole open discharge, so that the reservoir water level is lifted and participates in flood control and flood fighting at the same time in the main flood season of the construction period, the downstream flood control pressure is reduced, and the safety flood fighting of the hub project is ensured.

The water is stored to the high power generation water level in advance, so that favorable conditions are created for debugging of the generator set, the booster set can realize full generation of the generator set in advance, and the high-power-generation water-storage power generating set has great economic benefits.

At the end of a flood, the winch hoist is temporarily fixed on the gantry of the built gantry crane to lower the lock hole, normal water storage position storage is completed in advance before the dry season, water abandonment of a reservoir is reduced, and the unit power generation efficiency in the flood season is guaranteed, meanwhile, the downstream river channel in the dry season is guaranteed to have sufficient flow and high water level, the requirements of navigation, irrigation and the like are met, and great economic and social benefits are achieved.

Drawings

The invention is further illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples:

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a hinge structure;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a dam;

FIG. 3 is an elevational view of the dam;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the installation of the hoist of the gantry crane;

in the figure: the device comprises a dam 1, a middle hole 2, a surface hole 3, a gantry crane track 4, a gantry crane portal 5, a winch type hoist 6, a flood discharge tunnel 7 and a middle hole hoist 8.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a high water level storage method at the initial operation stage of a construction period of a high dam reservoir includes the following steps:

step one, in a construction period, the construction image appearance of the dam 1 meets the water level lifting requirement, specifically, the construction image appearance of the dam body, the joint grouting, the access door slot, the diversion tunnel plugging and other parts meet the water level lifting requirement, the surface hole 3 of the dam 1 has an overflowing condition, and the middle hole 2 has a lower gate water blocking condition.

And step two, entering a flood season, storing water through the flood discharge facility, lifting the water level, wherein the flood discharge facility comprises a middle hole 2 and a flood discharge hole 7, namely, lifting the water level through the middle hole 2 and the flood discharge hole 7, closing the gate of the flood discharge hole 7 at different opening degrees to adjust the water inflow, and the water level lifting speed is generally 0.5-1.0 m/d.

And step three, when the water level rises to the weir crest elevation of the overflow surface of the meter hole 3, overflowing the meter hole 3, wherein the warehousing flow is greater than the open discharge flow of the meter hole 3, and the water level is lifted by combining the flood discharge control and the open discharge of the meter hole 3. In the stage of main flood season, the water level lifting is closely related to flood control, in order to guarantee flood control safety, during the water level lifting, the water level lifting is carried out through hydrological early warning forecast in time, when a larger flood peak is forecasted to pass through a reservoir area, the discharge is controlled through a flood discharge facility in time, the gates of the flood discharge holes 7 are opened and closed at different opening degrees to adjust the water inflow, the excessive water inflow is discharged, the flood control safety of the reservoir is guaranteed, at the moment, the project participates in the flood control hub of the drainage basin, and the project can be combined with other hub buildings to carry out flood control driving protection and protection on the whole drainage basin for the flood control safety. The open discharge rate of the surface hole 3 is closely related to the water level in front of the dam, the water level lifting is not suitable to be too high in the stage, prediction and inversion analysis is carried out according to the annual hydrological conditions in the dam site area and the flood discharge capacity of a flood discharge facility, the flood control safety water level is generally 5-10 m higher than the height of the top of the dam, and flood control pressure caused by too high water level lifting is avoided.

And step four, after the water level of the reservoir is lifted to the flood control safe water level, the water level is maintained to continuously run to the end of flood by adjusting the opening degree of a gate of the flood discharge hole 7, and combining flood discharge control of a flood discharge facility and surface hole opening and discharge.

Preferably, in the fourth step, after the portal crane gantry 5 and the portal crane track 4 at the top of the dam are installed, the hoisting hoist 6 is temporarily fixed on the portal crane gantry 5, and the hoisting hoist 6 opens and closes the access door or the temporary door in the door slot in the surface hole 3.

The portal 5 and the portal track 4 of the dam top at the end of a flood are installed, the accident inspection portal body can adopt a temporary portal body if the accident inspection portal body is not completed, at the moment, the portal 5 of the portal has operation conditions, but the portal trolley and the like are not installed and do not have the condition of lifting the gate.

The gantry 5 of the gantry crane is of a permanent structure, is not dismantled in the later period, is directly provided with a permanent winch and is generally arranged above the flow channel of the surface hole 3.

The winch hoist 6 can adopt other power station waste equipment, and is temporarily and fixedly installed on the gantry crane gantry 5 to hoist the door body of the emergency access door for lower-gate water storage.

The water inflow of the flood-fighting end reservoir is reduced more than that of the main flood season, the open water amount of the meter hole 3 is larger than that of the inflow, the water storage method combining the control and the open discharge of the flood discharge facility and the open discharge of the meter hole 3 is not enough to meet the requirement of water level lifting, the door frame 5 of the portal crane and the emergency access door or the temporary door body combined opening and closing equipment can be adopted to store water in the lower gate of the door body of the emergency access door to the normal water storage level, and the type 6 of the winch type opening and closing machine meets the requirement of the opening and closing of the gate. The required flow of the downstream water level is mainly provided by the tail water generated by the generator set, and the flood discharge facility can be started timely to supply water to the downstream when necessary.

Before the dry period comes, the reservoir stores water in advance to a normal water storage level, so that the output of a unit can be effectively guaranteed, the downstream water level in the dry period is effectively guaranteed, and the requirements of navigation, irrigation and the like are met.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 4, the middle hole 2 is arranged at the middle lower part of the dam body, and a middle hole hoist 8 is arranged in the middle hole 2.

Through setting up mesopore headstock gear 8, can cooperate the different apertures of the gate of flood discharge hole 7 to rise and close and carry out the inflow and adjust.

The meter hole 3 is arranged in the middle of the dam crest.

The flood discharge tunnels 7 are arranged along the mountain body, and the arrangement quantity, the arrangement position and the arrangement form are generally determined in the design stage according to the river flood control standard.

According to the water storage method, the flood discharge control of the flood discharge facility and the open discharge of the surface hole 3 are combined to lift the water level, so that the water level of the reservoir is lifted in the main flood season of the construction period and simultaneously participates in flood control and flood fighting, the downstream flood control pressure is reduced, and the safety and flood fighting of the hub project are ensured.

The water is stored to the high power generation water level in advance, so that favorable conditions are created for debugging of the generator set, the booster set can realize full generation of the generator set in advance, and the high-power-generation water-storage power generating set has great economic benefits.

At the end of a flood, the winch hoist 6 is temporarily fixed on the gantry 5 of the built gantry to lower the surface hole 3, normal water storage of the water storage level is completed in advance before the dry season comes, water abandon of the reservoir is reduced, and meanwhile, the unit power generation efficiency of the flood season machine set is guaranteed, the downstream river channel of the dry season is guaranteed to have sufficient flow and high water level, the requirements of navigation, irrigation and the like are met, and great economic and social benefits are achieved.