阅读说明：本技术 复合钢板、制备方法及应用 (Composite steel plate, preparation method and application ) 是由 赵云冲 叶蕾 龙伟漾 杨兴亚 郭志凯 商秋月 于 2020-12-01 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种复合钢板、制备方法及应用,包括低合金高强度钢板和自润滑耐磨涂层,自润滑耐磨涂层包括以下重量百分比的组分：Cr:15-18%、Ni:56-58%、B:2.3-3.5%、Si:3.1-4.0%、Cu:0.1-0.3%、C:0.75-0.9%、Fe余量。本发明在球磨后的粉末中加入纤维素黏结剂并使其充分的混合均匀,解决了TBM在掘进过程中受到冲击易脱落的问题；将溶敷好的耐磨复合钢板放入四水合钼酸铵和硫脲的去离子水溶液中,通过水热反应在溶敷层内部形成了MoS-2,减小了耐磨复合钢板在使用过程中的摩擦力,同时可以减小磨损量,减少耐磨复合钢板在使用过程中的损坏维修时间,提高掘进效率。(The invention provides a composite steel plate, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the composite steel plate comprises a low-alloy high-strength steel plate and a self-lubricating wear-resistant coating, and the self-lubricating wear-resistant coating comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 15 to 18 percent of Cr, 56 to 58 percent of Ni, 2.3 to 3.5 percent of B, 3.1 to 4.0 percent of Si, 0.1 to 0.3 percent of Cu, 0.75 to 0.9 percent of C and the balance of Fe. According to the invention, the cellulose adhesive is added into the powder after ball milling and is fully and uniformly mixed, so that the problem that TBM is easy to fall off due to impact in the tunneling process is solved; putting the well-coated wear-resistant composite steel plate into a deionized water solution of ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate and thiourea, and performing hydrothermal reaction on the inside of the coating layerForm MoS 2 The friction force of the wear-resistant composite steel plate in the using process is reduced, the abrasion loss can be reduced, the damage maintenance time of the wear-resistant composite steel plate in the using process is shortened, and the tunneling efficiency is improved.)

1. The composite steel plate is characterized by comprising a low-alloy high-strength steel plate and a self-lubricating wear-resistant coating, wherein the self-lubricating wear-resistant coating comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 15 to 18 percent of Cr, 56 to 58 percent of Ni, 2.3 to 3.5 percent of B, 3.1 to 4.0 percent of Si, 0.1 to 0.3 percent of Cu, 0.75 to 0.9 percent of C and the balance of Fe.

2. The method for producing a clad steel sheet according to claim 1, wherein: the composite steel plate is manufactured by adopting a method of laser cladding preset powder.

3. The method of claim 2, comprising the steps of:

(1) ball milling and sieving each component in the self-lubricating wear-resistant coating, adding an adhesive, uniformly mixing, presetting the mixture on a low-alloy high-strength steel plate after drilling treatment, and then drying;

(2) and (2) carrying out laser cladding treatment on the low-alloy high-strength steel plate dried in the step (1), blowing nitrogen into a molten pool for protection in the cladding process, and cooling to room temperature after cladding is finished to obtain the wear-resistant composite steel plate.

4. The production method according to claim 3, characterized in that: and (2) in the step (1), the adhesive is methyl cellulose, and the self-lubricating wear-resistant coating and the adhesive are uniformly mixed and then are preset on the low-alloy high-strength steel plate to be 2mm in thickness.

5. The preparation method according to claim 3, wherein the cladding process parameters in the step (2) are as follows: the power was 1.5kW, the rectangular spot size was 3mm by 7mm, and the scan rate was 4 mm/s.

6. The production method according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that: after the treatment of step (2)In-situ synthesis of MoS on low-alloy high-strength steel plate₂。

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, comprising the following steps:

firstly, polishing and cleaning the wear-resistant composite steel plate;

adding ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate and thiourea into deionized water, and stirring to fully dissolve the ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate and the thiourea;

immersing the wear-resistant composite steel plate in the step II into the mixed solution for ultrasonic treatment, and then putting the immersed wear-resistant composite steel plate into a vacuum box for immersion treatment under vacuum pressure;

and fourthly, repeating the step three for 3 to 4 times, transferring the treated wear-resistant composite steel plate into a high-pressure kettle, heating for reaction, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the composite steel plate.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein: in the step II, the mass ratio of ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate to thiourea is 27:50, ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate and thiourea were added to deionized water to give a concentration of 9%.

9. The method of claim 7, wherein: the reaction temperature in the step (iv) is 220-230 ℃, and the reaction time is 18-20 h.

10. The use of the composite steel plate prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 7 to 9 as a self-lubricating TBM wear-resistant composite steel plate material.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of TBM (tunnel boring machine), in particular to a composite steel plate, a preparation method and application.

Background

A Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) is widely used in various Tunnel projects due to the advantages of safe, efficient, and environmentally friendly construction. The wear-resistant composite steel plate is a key part for protecting a cutter head of the hard rock tunnel boring machine, and due to the fact that the wear-resistant composite steel plate is in contact with a rock body for a long time, the wear-resistant composite steel plate can fall off and seriously wear, the wear-resistant composite steel plate needs to be stopped for maintenance, construction efficiency is affected, and construction cost is increased.

The TBM has the problems of easy falling and non-wear resistance in the wear-resistant composite steel plate in the tunneling process, a large amount of cracks can be generated in the surfacing process of the surface of the base body Q355 of the wear-resistant composite steel plate, the friction force between the wear-resistant composite steel plate and rocks is increased, the wear of the wear-resistant composite steel plate is accelerated, the bonding strength between a surfacing layer and the base body low-alloy high-strength steel Q355 is insufficient, and the surfacing layer is easy to fall off when being subjected to a large external force in the tunneling process.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a composite steel plate, a preparation method and application, and MoS can be prepared through hydrothermal reaction₂The wear-resistant composite steel plate is used for filling cracks in a laser coating layer and can achieve the effect of solid self-lubrication to obtain a self-lubricating TBM

The technical scheme for realizing the invention is as follows:

a composite steel plate comprises a low-alloy high-strength steel plate and a self-lubricating wear-resistant coating, wherein the self-lubricating wear-resistant coating comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 15 to 18 percent of Cr, 56 to 58 percent of Ni, 2.3 to 3.5 percent of B, 3.1 to 4.0 percent of Si, 0.1 to 0.3 percent of Cu, 0.75 to 0.9 percent of C and the balance of Fe.

The composite steel plate is manufactured by adopting a method of laser cladding preset powder.

The preparation method of the composite steel plate comprises the following steps:

(1) performing ball milling on each component in the self-lubricating wear-resistant coating, wherein the ball milling mode is dry ball milling, the diameter of steel balls selected for more uniform ball milling is 6mm and 10mm, the mass ratio of the grinding balls to the powder is 10:1, the rotating speed is 300r/min-320r/min, the ball milling time is 2h, meanwhile, in order to ensure more uniform powder, screening the powder by using a vibrating screen, adding an adhesive, uniformly mixing, presetting (coating) the mixture on a low-alloy high-strength steel plate, and then placing the low-alloy high-strength steel plate in a drying box at 100 ℃ for heat preservation for 2 h;

the low-alloy high-strength steel plate is pretreated by the following steps:

step 1: firstly, preparing a low-alloy high-strength steel plate Q355 with the diameter of 80mm multiplied by 6mm, drilling a blind hole with the aperture of 6mm and the hole depth of 2mm on the surface of the low-alloy high-strength steel plate Q355, and then cleaning, cleaning and derusting the surface until the surface of the low-alloy high-strength steel plate Q355 is free of rust and inorganic processing debris;

step 2: placing a low-alloy high-strength steel plate Q355 in 99.7% absolute ethyl alcohol, carrying out ultrasonic cleaning, and then placing the steel plate in a drying oven for drying for 1.5 h;

(2) and (2) carrying out laser cladding treatment on the low-alloy high-strength steel plate dried in the step (1), blowing nitrogen into a molten pool for protection in the cladding process, and cooling to room temperature after cladding is finished to obtain the wear-resistant composite steel plate.

And (2) in the step (1), the adhesive is methyl cellulose, and the self-lubricating wear-resistant coating and the adhesive are uniformly mixed and then are preset on the low-alloy high-strength steel plate to be 2mm in thickness.

The laser cladding equipment adopts a GS-TFI-10kW type high-power transverse-flow CO2 laser, and the cladding process parameters are as follows: the power was 1.5kW, the rectangular spot size was 3mm by 7mm, and the scan rate was 4 mm/s.

Preferably, MoS is synthesized in situ on the low-alloy high-strength steel plate treated in the step (2)₂。

In-situ synthesis of MoS₂The steps are as follows:

polishing the surface of the coating by using a grinding wheel machine, wherein the surface of the treated coating is bright and rustless;

ultrasonically cleaning the polished wear-resistant composite steel plate for 20min by using 99.7% absolute ethyl alcohol, and removing dust and impurities brought by polishing;

adding ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate and thiourea into deionized water, and stirring for 30min by using a magnetic stirrer to fully dissolve the ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate and the thiourea;

immersing the wear-resistant composite steel plate in the step I into the mixed solution in the step II for ultrasonic treatment for 30min, then putting the immersed wear-resistant composite steel plate into a vacuum box, and performing immersion treatment for 20min under the vacuum pressure of 8 Kpa;

and fourthly, repeating the step 3-4 times to enable the reaction solution of ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate and thiourea to permeate into the inside of the coating layer through the cracks in the coating layer as much as possible, transferring the treated wear-resistant composite steel plate into a stainless steel high-pressure kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, heating the reaction kettle to 220 ℃ for 18 hours, and cooling the reaction kettle to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain the self-lubricating wear-resistant composite steel plate.

In the step II, the mass ratio of ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate to thiourea is 27:50, and the ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate and thiourea are added into deionized water to enable the concentration to reach 9%.

The reaction temperature in the step (iv) is 220-230 ℃, and the reaction time is 18-20 h.

Preferably, the invention also provides application of the composite steel plate as a self-lubricating TBM wear-resistant composite steel plate material.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the surface of the low-alloy high-strength steel plate Q355 is drilled, the contact area between the coating layer and the matrix is increased, the bonding strength is increased, and meanwhile, in order to further enhance the bonding strength between the coating layer and the matrix, a cellulose adhesive is added into the powder after ball milling and is fully and uniformly mixed, so that the problem that TBM is easy to fall off due to impact in the tunneling process is solved; putting the well-coated wear-resistant composite steel plate into a deionized water solution of ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate and thiourea, and forming MoS in the coating layer through hydrothermal reaction₂The wear-resistant composite steel plate is reducedThe friction force in the using process can reduce the abrasion loss, reduce the damage and maintenance time of the abrasion-resistant composite steel plate in the using process and improve the tunneling efficiency.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.

Example 1

A preparation method of a self-lubricating TBM wear-resistant composite steel plate material comprises the following specific manufacturing steps:

step 1, firstly, preparing a low-alloy high-strength steel plate Q355 with the diameter of 80mm multiplied by 6mm, drilling a hole on the surface of the low-alloy high-strength steel plate Q355, wherein the hole diameter is 6mm, and the hole depth is 2mm, and then cleaning, cleaning and derusting the surface until the surface of the low-alloy high-strength steel plate Q355 is free of rust and inorganic processing debris;

step 2, placing the low-alloy high-strength steel plate Q355 in 99.7% absolute ethyl alcohol, performing ultrasonic cleaning, and then placing the steel plate in a drying oven for drying for 1.5 hours;

and step 3, mixing the following components in percentage by mass: 16% of Cr, 58% of Ni, 3.0% of B, 3.7% of Si, 0.2% of Cu, 0.8% of C and the balance of Fe, and performing weighing and ball milling on the self-lubricating wear-resistant coating powder, wherein the ball milling mode is dry ball milling, the diameter of steel balls selected for ball milling to be more uniform is 6mm and 10mm, the mass ratio of the milling balls to the powder is 10:1, the rotating speed is 300r/min, the ball milling time is 2h, and meanwhile, the powder is screened by a vibrating screen to ensure the more uniform powder;

step 4, uniformly mixing the methyl cellulose adhesive and the powder subjected to ball milling, presetting the mixture on a low-alloy high-strength steel plate Q355 matrix with the thickness of about 2mm, and placing the mixture in a drying oven at 100 ℃ for heat preservation for 2 hours;

step 5, adopting GS-TFI-10kW type high-power transverse flow CO to laser cladding equipment₂The laser and the cladding technological parameters are as follows: the power is 1.5kW, the size of a rectangular light spot is 3mm multiplied by 7mm (rectangular light spot), the scanning speed is 4mm/s, and nitrogen is blown to a molten pool for protection in the cladding process;

step 6, cooling the wear-resistant composite steel plate after the coating is finished to room temperature;

step 7, performing hydrothermal reaction to synthesize MoS in situ from microscopic defects in the wear-resistant composite steel plate₂The method comprises the following specific steps: polishing the surface of the coating by using a grinding wheel machine, wherein the surface of the treated coating is bright and rustless;

secondly, ultrasonic cleaning is carried out on the polished wear-resistant composite steel plate for 20min by using 99.7 percent of absolute ethyl alcohol, and dust and impurities brought by polishing are removed;

thirdly, adding a certain amount of ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate and thiourea into deionized water, and stirring for 30min by using a magnetic stirrer to fully dissolve the ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate and the thiourea;

soaking the polished wear-resistant composite steel plate into the uniformly mixed solution, performing ultrasonic treatment for 30min, then putting the soaked wear-resistant composite steel plate into a vacuum box, soaking for 20min under vacuum pressure, repeating the two steps for 3 times, and enabling the reaction solution of ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate and thiourea to penetrate into the inside of the coating layer through the cracks in the coating layer as much as possible;

fifthly, transferring the wear-resistant composite steel plate treated in the step IV to a stainless steel autoclave with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, heating the autoclave to 220 ℃ for 18 hours, and cooling the autoclave to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain the self-lubricating wear-resistant composite steel plate.

Example 2

A preparation method of a self-lubricating TBM wear-resistant composite steel plate material comprises the following specific manufacturing steps:

step 1, firstly, preparing a low-alloy high-strength steel plate Q355 with the diameter of 80mm multiplied by 6mm, drilling a hole on the surface of the low-alloy high-strength steel plate Q355, wherein the hole diameter is 6mm, and the hole depth is 2mm, and then cleaning, cleaning and derusting the surface until the surface of the low-alloy high-strength steel plate Q355 is free of rust and inorganic processing debris;

step 2, placing the low-alloy high-strength steel plate Q355 in 99.7% absolute ethyl alcohol, performing ultrasonic cleaning, and then placing the steel plate in a drying oven for drying for 1.5 hours;

and step 3, mixing the following components in percentage by mass: 17% of Cr, 57% of Ni, 2.8% of B, 3.6% of Si, 0.2% of Cu, 0.80% of C and the balance of Fe, and performing weighing and ball milling on the self-lubricating wear-resistant coating powder, wherein the ball milling mode is dry ball milling, the diameter of steel balls selected for ball milling to be more uniform is 6mm and 10mm, the mass ratio of the milling balls to the powder is 10:1, the rotating speed is 310r/min, the ball milling time is 2h, and meanwhile, the powder is screened by a vibrating screen to ensure the more uniform powder;

step 4, uniformly mixing the methyl cellulose adhesive and the powder subjected to ball milling, presetting the mixture on a low-alloy high-strength steel plate Q355 matrix with the thickness of about 2mm, and placing the mixture in a drying oven at 100 ℃ for heat preservation for 2 hours;

step 5, adopting GS-TFI-10kW type high-power transverse flow CO to laser cladding equipment₂The laser and the cladding technological parameters are as follows: the power is 1.5kW, the size of a rectangular light spot is 3mm multiplied by 7mm (rectangular light spot), the scanning speed is 4mm/s, and nitrogen is blown to a molten pool for protection in the cladding process;

step 6, cooling the wear-resistant composite steel plate after the coating is finished to room temperature;

step 7, performing hydrothermal reaction to synthesize MoS in situ from microscopic defects in the wear-resistant composite steel plate₂The method comprises the following specific steps:

polishing the surface of the coating by using a grinding wheel machine, wherein the surface of the treated coating is bright and rustless;

secondly, ultrasonic cleaning is carried out on the polished wear-resistant composite steel plate for 20min by using 99.7 percent of absolute ethyl alcohol, and dust and impurities brought by polishing are removed;

thirdly, adding 13.2g of ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate and 24.2g of thiourea into 370ml of deionized water, and stirring for 30min by using a magnetic stirrer to fully dissolve the ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate and the thiourea;

immersing the polished wear-resistant composite steel plate into the uniformly mixed solution, performing ultrasonic treatment for 30min, putting the immersed wear-resistant composite steel plate into a vacuum box, performing immersion treatment for 20min under the vacuum pressure of 8Kpa, and repeating the two steps for 3 times to ensure that the reaction solution of ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate and thiourea penetrates into the inside of the coating layer through the crack in the coating layer as much as possible;

fifthly, transferring the wear-resistant composite steel plate treated in the step IV to a stainless steel autoclave with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, heating the autoclave to 225 ℃, reacting for 18.5 hours, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain the self-lubricating wear-resistant composite steel plate.

Example 3

A preparation method of a self-lubricating TBM wear-resistant composite steel plate material comprises the following specific manufacturing steps:

step 1, firstly, preparing a low-alloy high-strength steel plate Q355 with the diameter of 80mm multiplied by 6mm, drilling a hole on the surface of the low-alloy high-strength steel plate Q355, wherein the hole diameter is 6mm, and the hole depth is 2mm, and then cleaning, cleaning and derusting the surface until the surface of the low-alloy high-strength steel plate Q355 is free of rust and inorganic processing debris;

step 2, placing the low-alloy high-strength steel plate Q355 in 99.7% absolute ethyl alcohol, performing ultrasonic cleaning, and then placing the steel plate in a drying oven for drying for 1.5 hours;

and step 3, mixing the following components in percentage by mass: 18% of Cr, 58% of Ni, 3.5% of B, 4.0% of Si, 0.3% of Cu, 0.90% of C and the balance of Fe, and performing weighing and ball milling on the self-lubricating wear-resistant coating powder, wherein the ball milling mode is dry ball milling, the diameter of a steel ball selected for more uniform ball milling is 6mm and 10mm, the mass ratio of the grinding ball to the powder is 10:1, the rotating speed is 320r/min, the ball milling time is 2h, and meanwhile, the powder is screened by a vibrating screen for ensuring more uniform powder;

step 4, uniformly mixing the methyl cellulose adhesive and the powder subjected to ball milling, presetting the mixture on a low-alloy high-strength steel plate Q355 matrix with the thickness of about 2mm, and placing the mixture in a drying oven at 100 ℃ for heat preservation for 2 hours;

step 5, adopting GS-TFI-10kW type high-power transverse flow CO to laser cladding equipment₂The laser and the cladding technological parameters are as follows: the power is 1.5kW, the size of a rectangular light spot is 3mm multiplied by 7mm (rectangular light spot), the scanning speed is 4mm/s, and nitrogen is blown to a molten pool for protection in the cladding process;

step 6, cooling the wear-resistant composite steel plate after the coating is finished to room temperature;

step 7, performing hydrothermal reaction to synthesize MoS in situ from microscopic defects in the wear-resistant composite steel plate₂The method comprises the following specific steps:

polishing the surface of the coating by using a grinding wheel machine, wherein the surface of the treated coating is bright and rustless;

secondly, ultrasonic cleaning is carried out on the polished wear-resistant composite steel plate for 20min by using 99.7 percent of absolute ethyl alcohol, and dust and impurities brought by polishing are removed;

thirdly, adding 13.2g of ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate and 24.2g of thiourea into 370ml of deionized water, and stirring for 30min by using a magnetic stirrer to fully dissolve the ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate and the thiourea;

immersing the polished wear-resistant clad steel plate into the uniformly mixed solution for ultrasonic treatment for 30min, then putting the immersed wear-resistant clad steel plate into a vacuum box, performing immersion treatment for 20min under the vacuum pressure of 8Kpa, and repeating the two steps for 4 times to ensure that the reaction solution of ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate and thiourea penetrates into the inside of the coating layer through the crack in the coating layer as much as possible;

fifthly, transferring the wear-resistant composite steel plate treated in the step IV to a stainless steel autoclave with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, heating the autoclave to 230 ℃ for 20 hours, and cooling the autoclave to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain the self-lubricating wear-resistant composite steel plate.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.