阅读说明：本技术 一种石油井口环形防喷器 (Annular blowout preventer of petroleum wellhead ) 是由 不公告发明人 于 2020-12-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及石油井口防护技术领域,且公开了一种石油井口环形防喷器,包括上壳体,所述上壳体的底部活动连接有下壳体,所述下壳体的内侧活动安装有活塞,所述活塞内部活动连接有外体部套筒,所述下壳体的中心活动连接有体部套筒,所述体部套筒的顶端活动安置有胶芯,所述胶芯的顶部与所述上壳体之间固定连接有防磨耗板,所述活塞的内侧与所述外体部套筒的外侧固定安装有气压顶装置。该石油井口环形防喷器的使用方法,通过气压顶装置加压使得气缸中的半圆顶块向上顶起,实现了活塞向上滑动使得胶芯向中心收缩紧封,解决了用液压油顶起活塞有杂物堵塞防喷器影响防喷器开关灵活的问题。(The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum wellhead protection, and discloses a petroleum wellhead annular blowout preventer, which comprises an upper shell, wherein the bottom of the upper shell is movably connected with a lower shell, the inner side of the lower shell is movably provided with a piston, the interior of the piston is movably connected with an outer body sleeve, the center of the lower shell is movably connected with the body sleeve, the top end of the body sleeve is movably provided with a rubber core, an abrasion-proof plate is fixedly connected between the top of the rubber core and the upper shell, and the inner side of the piston and the outer side of the outer body sleeve are fixedly provided with an air pressure jacking device. According to the application method of the annular blowout preventer of the petroleum wellhead, the semi-circular jacking block in the cylinder is jacked upwards by pressurization of the pneumatic jacking device, the rubber core is shrunk and sealed towards the center by upward sliding of the piston, and the problem that the blowout preventer is flexibly opened and closed due to the fact that sundries block the blowout preventer when the piston is jacked by hydraulic oil is solved.)

1. The utility model provides a petroleum wellhead annular preventer, includes casing (1), the bottom swing joint of going up casing (1) has lower casing (2), the inboard movable mounting of casing (2) has piston (6) down, the inside swing joint of piston (6) has outer somatic part sleeve (4), the center swing joint of casing (2) has somatic part sleeve (5) down, the top activity arrangement of somatic part sleeve (5) has gluey core (3), glue the top of core (3) with fixedly connected with abrasionproof board (7), its characterized in that between last casing (1): the inboard of piston (6) with the outside fixed mounting of outer somatic part sleeve (4) has atmospheric pressure top mounted (8), the top swing joint of atmospheric pressure top mounted (8) has semicircle kicking block (9), the fixed cup joint in the bottom outside of semicircle kicking block (9) has cylinder (10), one side of cylinder (10) is fixed has seted up vice jar (11), vice jar (11) with fixedly connected with branch pipe (12) between cylinder (10), and connect through branch pipe (12).

2. An annular blowout preventer according to claim 1, wherein: the middle part movable mounting of somatic part sleeve (5) has thin coarse cotton net (13), the bottom movable mounting of thin coarse cotton net (13) has thick coarse cotton net (14), the bottom mounting of thick coarse cotton net (14) is seted up flutedly (15), the both sides fixedly connected with breather pipe (16) of recess (15).

3. An annular blowout preventer according to claim 2, wherein: center swing joint of rubber core (3) has apron (18), the middle part outside fixed connection elasticity of apron (18) contracts ring (22), inlay in the recess of fixed block (19) down on the top of apron (18), the top swing joint of fixed block (19) has last fixed block (20) down, down fixed block (19) with it fixes through bolt (21) to go up fixed block (20) go up the upper surface of casing (1), the bottom activity joint of apron (18) is in the top of somatic part sleeve (5).

4. An annular blowout preventer according to claim 1, wherein: the shape of the tangent plane at the top end of the semicircular ejector block (9) is trapezoidal and is matched with the shape of the inner groove of the piston (6), and the shape of the plane of the semicircular ejector block (9) viewed from the top is semicircular.

5. An annular blowout preventer according to claim 2, wherein: the coarse woolen net (14) is installed in an oblique direction, an inclined groove (17) is formed in the middle of the coarse woolen net, and a downward gravity door is formed in a contact part of the inclined groove (17) and the groove (15).

6. An annular blowout preventer according to claim 3, wherein: the shape of the leather ring (18) is more consistent with the sector protrusion of the upper surface of the rubber core (3).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum wellhead protection, in particular to an annular blowout preventer of a petroleum wellhead.

Background

The blowout preventer is a device for closing the well mouth to prevent blowout accidents in the operation processes of oil testing, well workover, well completion and the like, integrates the full sealing function and the half sealing function into a whole, has the characteristics of simple structure, easy operation, high pressure resistance and the like, and is a well mouth safety sealing device for preventing blowout commonly used in oil fields.

The existing annular blowout preventer of the petroleum wellhead has some defects: firstly, when a wellhead is operated, a blowout preventer is used for sealing zero, a column needs to be forcibly pulled down during underground operation, the rubber core is in a tight sealing state, the rubber core is abraded by forcibly pulling the column, the blowout preventer is not tightly sealed, potential safety hazards exist, the rubber core needs to be replaced when another wellhead is operated after one wellhead is completed, the rubber core is specially made, the price is high, and the cost is increased due to frequent replacement; secondly, heavy cement is injected into the well during well cementation, the mud injection pipe is drawn out when the operation is completed, when the mud injection pipe is drawn out from the rubber core, the residual cement on the outer side of the mud injection pipe can be adhered to the bottom of the rubber core, and the rubber core is tightly sealed for a long time, so that the cement is solidified, the rubber core loses elasticity, and the blowout preventer cannot be opened; thirdly, when the blowout preventer is normally closed, hydraulic oil for the blowout preventer is injected into the blowout preventer, a jacking piston moves upwards to enable a rubber core to be tightly sealed, and sundries in the oil block the blowout preventer due to long-time inactivity of the blowout preventer, so that the flexibility of opening and closing of the blowout preventer is influenced; fourthly, the blowout preventer is not closed for a long time after the wellhead operation is completed, so that external sundries are deposited in the rubber core groove and other parts, and the blowout preventer is not closed tightly, and potential safety hazards exist.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides an annular blowout preventer of a petroleum wellhead and a using method thereof, which have the advantages that a rubber core cannot be abraded, the cost of frequently replacing the rubber core is saved, the rubber core is protected to have elasticity, sundries are prevented from being deposited in the blowout preventer, and the problems in the background technology are solved.

The invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides an oil well head annular preventer, includes the upper housing, the bottom swing joint of upper housing has lower casing, the inboard movable mounting of casing has the piston down, the inside swing joint of piston has outer somatic part sleeve, the center swing joint of casing has somatic part sleeve down, the telescopic top activity arrangement of somatic part has gluey core, glue the top of core with go up fixedly connected with abrasionproof wear plate between the casing, the inboard of piston with the telescopic outside fixed mounting of outer somatic part has atmospheric pressure top device, the top swing joint of atmospheric pressure top device has the semicircle kicking block, the fixed cylinder that has cup jointed in the bottom outside of semicircle kicking block, one side of cylinder is fixed has seted up vice jar, vice jar with fixedly connected with branch pipe between the cylinder, and through the branch union coupling.

Preferably, the middle part of the body sleeve is movably provided with a fine hair net, the bottom end of the fine hair net is movably provided with a coarse hair net, the bottom end of the coarse hair net is fixedly provided with a groove, and two sides of the groove are fixedly connected with vent pipes.

Preferably, the center swing joint of rubber core has the leather collar, the middle part outside fixed connection elasticity of leather collar contracts the ring, the top of leather collar inlays in the recess of fixed block down, the top swing joint of fixed block has last fixed block down, down the fixed block with it passes through the bolt fastening to go up the fixed block go up the upper surface of casing, the bottom activity joint of leather collar is in the telescopic top of somatic part.

Preferably, the shape of the tangent plane at the top end of the semicircular top block is trapezoidal and fits with the shape of the inner groove of the piston, and the shape of the plane of the semicircular top block viewed from the top is semicircular.

Preferably, the coarse woolen net is installed in an oblique direction, a chute is formed in the middle of the coarse woolen net, and a downward gravity door is formed in a contact part of the chute and the groove.

Preferably, the shape of the leather ring is more consistent with the sector bulge of the upper surface of the rubber core.

Preferably, the method comprises the following practical steps:

the blowout preventer is installed at a wellhead, the pneumatic jacking device is pressurized, so that the cylinder is inflated to jack up the semicircular jacking block upwards, and the piston slides upwards to tightly seal the rubber core towards the center.

And secondly, forcibly pulling the pipe column down, forcibly driving the pipe column into the rubber core from the center of the rubber core, and supporting the elastic tightening ring at the center of the rubber core by the pipe column so that the pipe column is rubbed with the leather collar.

And thirdly, a well cementation and column collection step, wherein the pipe column is drawn out from the blowout preventer, when cement and the like remaining on the outer side of the pipe column pass through the inner wall of the sleeve of the body part, the coarse hairnet can brush down the residues and slide down to the groove through the chute, and the residues in the groove are blown out from the pipeline on the other side by blowing air into the vent pipe.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the annular blowout preventer of the petroleum wellhead and the using method thereof, the semi-circular jacking block in the cylinder is jacked upwards by pressurization of the pneumatic jacking device, the rubber core is shrunk and sealed towards the center by upward sliding of the piston, and the problem that the blowout preventer is flexibly opened and closed due to the fact that sundries block the blowout preventer when the piston is jacked by hydraulic oil is solved.

2. According to the annular blowout preventer for the petroleum wellhead and the using method of the annular blowout preventer, residual cement and the like on the outer side of the tubular column are brushed down into the chute through the coarse hairnet, the outer side of the tubular column is cleaned up through the fine hairnet, residues are in the chute slide groove, the purpose that the residues measured outside the tubular column are cleaned up and blown out of the blowout preventer is achieved, the residues on the outer side of the tubular column cannot be in contact with the rubber core, and the problem that the rubber core loses elasticity due to the fact that the residues are in contact with the bottom of the rubber core is.

3. According to the annular blowout preventer of the petroleum wellhead and the using method thereof, the rubber ring is arranged at the center of the rubber core, so that when the pipe column is inserted from the center of the blowout preventer during forcible tripping of the pipe column, the outer side of the pipe column only can be in contact friction with the rubber ring, and the problem that the rubber core is damaged due to contact friction between the pipe column and the rubber core during forcible tripping of the pipe column is solved.

4. According to the annular blowout preventer of the petroleum wellhead and the using method thereof, the semicircular ejector block is completely matched with the inner side of the piston through shape limitation of the semicircular ejector block, the rubber core can be uniformly shrunk and sealed towards the middle due to uniform stress, and the practicability of the annular blowout preventer is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the structure of the air dome device of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the pneumatic jacking device according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the middle structure of the body sleeve of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the contact structure between the chute and the groove according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic top view of the rubber core and rubber ring structure of the present invention;

fig. 7 is an enlarged schematic view of the upper end clamping structure of the body sleeve of the invention.

In the figure: 1. an upper housing; 2. a lower housing; 3. a rubber core; 4. an outer body sleeve; 5. a body sleeve; 6. a piston; 7. a wear plate; 8. a pneumatic jacking device; 9. a semicircular top block; 10. a cylinder; 11. a secondary cylinder; 12. a branch pipe; 13. a fine hair net; 14. coarse woolen nets; 15. a groove; 16. a breather pipe; 17. a chute; 18. a leather collar; 19. a lower fixed block; 20. an upper fixed block; 21. a bolt; 22. an elastically constricting ring.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-7, an annular blowout preventer for a petroleum wellhead comprises an upper casing 1, a lower casing 2 movably connected to the bottom of the upper casing 1, a piston 6 movably mounted on the inner side of the lower casing 2, an outer sleeve 4 movably connected to the inside of the piston 6, a sleeve 5 movably connected to the center of the lower casing 2, a rubber core 3 movably disposed on the top end of the sleeve 5, and an abrasion-proof plate 7 fixedly connected between the top of the rubber core 3 and the upper casing 1, wherein: an air pressure jacking device 8 is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the piston 6 and the outer side of the outer body part sleeve 4, the top end of the air pressure jacking device 8 is movably connected with a semicircular jacking block 9, an air cylinder 10 is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the bottom of the semicircular jacking block 9, an auxiliary cylinder 11 is fixedly arranged on one side of the air cylinder 10, a branch pipe 12 is fixedly connected between the auxiliary cylinder 11 and the air cylinder 10 and is connected with the branch pipe 12, the semicircular jacking block 9 in the air cylinder 10 is jacked upwards by pressurization of the air pressure jacking device 8, the rubber core 3 is contracted and sealed towards the center by upward sliding of the piston 6, the problem that the blowout preventer is blocked by sundries when the piston is jacked up by hydraulic oil to affect the flexibility of opening and closing of the blowout preventer is solved, a fine hair net 13 is movably arranged in the middle of the body part sleeve 5, a coarse hair net 14 is movably arranged at the bottom end of the fine, the outer side of the pipe column is brushed down by the thick hair net 14, the outer side of the pipe column is cleaned by the thin hair net 14, the residue on the outer side of the pipe column can not contact with the rubber core, the practicability of the device is improved, the center of the rubber core 3 is movably connected with the leather ring 18, the outer side of the middle part of the leather ring 18 is fixedly connected with the elastic tightening ring 22, the top end of the leather ring 18 is embedded in the groove of the lower fixing block 19, the upper fixing block 20 is movably connected above the lower fixing block 19, the lower fixing block 19 and the upper fixing block 20 are fixed on the upper surface of the upper shell 1 through the bolt 21, the bottom end of the leather ring 18 is movably clamped at the top end of the body part sleeve 5, when the pipe column is inserted from the center of the blowout preventer when the pipe column is forcibly pulled up and down, the outer side of the pipe column only contacts and rubs with the leather ring 18, and the problem that the rubber core is damaged due, the shape of the tangent plane at the top end of the semicircular top block 9 is trapezoidal and is matched with the shape of an inner groove of the piston 6, the shape of the plane of the semicircular top block 9 viewed from the top is semicircular, the semicircular top block 9 is completely matched with the inner side of the piston 6 through the shape limitation of the semicircular top block 9, the rubber core 3 can be uniformly shrunk and sealed towards the middle under uniform stress, the practicability of the device is improved, the coarse wool net 14 is installed in an oblique direction, the chute 17 is arranged in the middle, the downward gravity door is arranged at the contact part of the chute 17 and the groove 15, the residues on the outer side of the pipe column are brushed down into the chute 17 through the coarse wool net 14, along the chute 17 and the chute 15, the cleaning and the blowout of the residues on the outer side of the pipe column are realized, the practicability of the device is realized, the shape of the rubber ring 18 is consistent with the bulge of the upper surface of the rubber core 3, and the rubber core 18 can be shrunk and sealed towards the middle through the shape limitation of the rubber ring 18 when the rubber core 3 is shrunk and sealed towards the center, the practicability of the device is improved.

According to the working principle of zero sealing, the blowout preventer is installed on a wellhead, the pneumatic jacking device 8 is pressurized, the air cylinder 10 is inflated, the semicircular jacking block 9 is jacked upwards, and the piston 6 slides upwards to tightly seal the rubber core 3 towards the center; forcibly pulling the pipe column down, forcibly driving the pipe column downwards from the center of the rubber core 3, and supporting an elastic tightening ring 22 by the pipe column at the center of the rubber core 3 so that the pipe column is rubbed with the leather collar 18; thirdly, the column is fixed and collected, the column is pulled out from the blowout preventer, when cement and the like remained outside the column pass through the inner wall of the body sleeve 5, the coarse hairnet 14 brushes the residues down and slides down to the groove 15 through the chute 17, and air is blown into the air pipe 16 to blow the residues in the groove 15 out of the pipeline on the other side.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.