Fattening pig health feed for promoting digestion and improving immunity of organism and preparation method thereof
阅读说明：本技术 一种促消化和提高机体免疫力的肥育猪保健饲料及其制备方法 (Fattening pig health feed for promoting digestion and improving immunity of organism and preparation method thereof ) 是由 职毓杰 孙勇 徐宏普 乔苗苗 孙克光 朱宪章 职承阳 冯永强 李刚 于 2020-12-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种促消化和提高机体免疫力的肥育猪保健饲料及其制备方法,包括以下重量份计的原料：玉米90-110份,豆粕65-75份,麸皮5-7份,复合益生菌菌粉3-4份,中草药15-30份,猪用免疫调节药物3-5份,矿物质原料15-20份,氯化钠0.8-1.5份,氨基酸微量元素螯合物0.4-0.6份。该饲料具有促进动物食欲,改善肠胃功能,调控肠道内环境,提高肥育猪生产性能,增强机体免疫力和清热解毒等功能,不但有效增强动物消化吸收能力,预防疾病,减少用药,还可降低肥育猪养殖成本,最大限度提高肥育猪养殖的经济效益。(The invention relates to a fattening pig health feed for promoting digestion and improving organism immunity and a preparation method thereof, wherein the fattening pig health feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90-110 parts of corn, 65-75 parts of soybean meal, 5-7 parts of bran, 3-4 parts of composite probiotic powder, 15-30 parts of Chinese herbal medicines, 3-5 parts of pig immunoregulation medicines, 15-20 parts of mineral raw materials, 0.8-1.5 parts of sodium chloride and 0.4-0.6 part of amino acid microelement chelate. The feed has the functions of promoting appetite of animals, improving gastrointestinal functions, regulating and controlling the internal environment of intestinal tracts, improving the production performance of fattening pigs, enhancing the immunity of organisms, clearing heat and removing toxicity and the like, not only effectively enhances the digestion and absorption capacity of animals, prevents diseases, reduces the medication, but also can reduce the breeding cost of the fattening pigs and furthest improve the economic benefit of the breeding of the fattening pigs.)
1. A fattening pig health feed for promoting digestion and improving immunity of organisms is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90-110 parts of corn, 65-75 parts of soybean meal, 5-7 parts of bran, 3-4 parts of composite probiotic powder, 15-30 parts of a Chinese herbal medicine composition, 3-5 parts of pig immunoregulation medicine, 15-20 parts of mineral substances, 0.8-1.5 parts of sodium chloride and 0.4-0.6 part of amino acid microelement chelate.
2. The health-care feed for finishing pigs according to claim 1, characterized in that the composite probiotic powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of lactobacillus fermentum, 5-10 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 4-8 parts of lactobacillus rhamnosus, 3-6 parts of bacillus subtilis and 2-5 parts of lactobacillus plantarum.
3. The health feed for finishing pigs according to claim 2, wherein the viable count of lactobacillus fermentum in the composite probiotic powder is 1 x 108～2×108CFU/g, beer yeast viable count 2 x 108～4×108CFU/g, viable count of Lactobacillus rhamnosus 1 × 109～2×109CFU/g, viable count of Bacillus subtilis 1 × 109～2×109CFU/g, viable count of Lactobacillus plantarum 5X 108～1.25×109CFU/g。
4. The health-care feed for finishing pigs according to claim 1, wherein the minerals comprise, by weight: 5-8 parts of medical stone and 12-15 parts of bentonite.
5. The health-care feed for finishing pigs according to claim 1, wherein the pig immunoregulation medicament comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-5 parts of pig compound interferon, 2-4 parts of immune peptide and 1-2 parts of pig transfer factor.
6. The health-care feed for fattening pigs as claimed in claim 1, wherein the amino acid microelement chelate comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-5 parts of amino acid chelated zinc, 2-5 parts of amino acid chelated copper, 3-8 parts of amino acid chelated iron, 1-3 parts of amino acid chelated manganese, 3-5 parts of amino acid chelated calcium and 3-5 parts of amino acid chelated phosphorus.
7. The health-care feed for fattening pigs according to claim 1, wherein the Chinese herbal medicine composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3-5 parts of fingered citron, 2-4 parts of pinellia ternate, 10-15 parts of Chinese yam, 4-6 parts of astragalus membranaceus, 3-5 parts of chicory leaves, 5-7 parts of eucommia ulmoides, 3-6 parts of liquorice, 2-5 parts of fructus forsythiae, 8-12 parts of plantain herbs, 10-15 parts of pseudo-ginseng, 5-10 parts of isatis roots and 3-7 parts of semen cassiae.
8. A method for preparing a health feed for finishing pigs according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
(1) weighing the raw materials according to the proportion for later use;
(2) mixing and crushing corn, bean pulp and bran to enable the particle size to be less than or equal to 1mm, and collecting the mixture 1 for later use;
(3) mixing the Chinese herbal medicine composition, crushing to make the particle size less than or equal to 100 μm, and collecting a mixture 2 for later use;
(4) controlling the water content of the mixture 1 and the mixture 2 within 15 percent, performing expansion by using a feed expander at the temperature of 180-220 ℃, and collecting the expanded mixture for later use;
(5) mixing the puffed mixture with composite probiotic powder, pig immunoregulation medicine, mineral, sodium chloride and amino acid microelement chelate, and stirring well to obtain the final product.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of animal feed, in particular to a fattening pig health feed for promoting digestion and improving organism immunity and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the annual improvement of the living standard of people in China, the consumption demand of meat products is remarkably improved, and the development of livestock and poultry breeding is further promoted. At present, under the influence of multiple factors such as breeding environment, breeding method, weather, diseases and the like, the subhealth state of the livestock and poultry organism becomes a common phenomenon, which is mainly manifested by low immunity, poor digestion and absorption capacity, reduced vitality and the like. The pig feed has the advantages of large feed intake of pigs, various types of feed raw materials, coarse grain crushing as a main part, coarse manufacturing process, simple processing, rich cellulose in part of feed and large particles, so that the feed has poor digestion and utilization capacity. The pigs have developed smell and taste, and are easy to suffer from listlessness, reduced appetite, reduced immunity of organisms and extremely easy to suffer from diseases due to various environmental stresses such as material change and the like. In order to enhance the appetite of animals and improve the feeding benefit, chemical flavoring agents, growth promoters and antibiotics for preventing and treating animal digestive tract diseases are added into part of commercial feeds for a long time, so that the meat quality and the flavor of the animals are influenced, and hidden dangers of different degrees are brought to the physical health of meat eaters.
Therefore, on the premise of ensuring the safety of animal food, in order to solve the sub-health problem of the fattening pig body, the best method is to enhance the physiological functions of the livestock and poultry by developing a 'safe, green, novel and efficient' functional feed, improve the digestion and absorption capacity, resist the influence of various diseases and various stress factors, and have great significance for reducing the breeding risk of the farm and improving the economic benefit.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide the health-care feed for the fattening pigs, which can promote digestion and improve the immunity of organisms, and the preparation method thereof, so that the digestion and absorption functions and the immunity of the fattening pigs can be enhanced, and the defects of low digestion and utilization capacity, poor disease resistance, antibiotic residue and the like of the current partial feed are overcome.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a fattening pig health feed for promoting digestion and improving immunity of organisms comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90-110 parts of corn, 65-75 parts of soybean meal, 5-7 parts of bran, 3-4 parts of composite probiotic powder, 15-30 parts of a Chinese herbal medicine composition, 3-5 parts of pig immunoregulation medicine, 15-20 parts of mineral substances, 0.8-1.5 parts of sodium chloride and 0.4-0.6 part of amino acid microelement chelate.
The composite probiotic powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of lactobacillus fermentum, 5-10 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 4-8 parts of lactobacillus rhamnosus, 3-6 parts of bacillus subtilis and 2-5 parts of lactobacillus plantarum.
The viable count of the lactobacillus fermentum in the composite probiotic powder is 1 multiplied by 108～2×108CFU/g, beer yeast viable count 2 x 108～4×108CFU/g, viable count of Lactobacillus rhamnosus 1 × 109～2×109CFU/g, viable count of Bacillus subtilis 1 × 109～2×109CFU/g, viable count of Lactobacillus plantarum 5X 108～1.25×109CFU/g。
The mineral comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-8 parts of medical stone and 12-15 parts of bentonite.
The pig immunoregulation medicament comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-5 parts of pig compound interferon, 2-4 parts of immune peptide and 1-2 parts of pig transfer factor.
The amino acid microelement chelate comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-5 parts of amino acid chelated zinc, 2-5 parts of amino acid chelated copper, 3-8 parts of amino acid chelated iron, 1-3 parts of amino acid chelated manganese, 3-5 parts of amino acid chelated calcium and 3-5 parts of amino acid chelated phosphorus.
The Chinese herbal medicine composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3-5 parts of fingered citron, 2-4 parts of pinellia ternate, 10-15 parts of Chinese yam, 4-6 parts of astragalus membranaceus, 3-5 parts of chicory leaves, 5-7 parts of eucommia ulmoides, 3-6 parts of liquorice, 2-5 parts of fructus forsythiae, 8-12 parts of plantain herbs, 10-15 parts of pseudo-ginseng, 5-10 parts of isatis roots and 3-7 parts of semen cassiae.
The preparation method of the health-care feed for the fattening pigs comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the raw materials according to the proportion for later use;
(2) mixing and crushing corn, bean pulp and bran to enable the particle size to be less than or equal to 1mm, and collecting the mixture 1 for later use;
(3) mixing the Chinese herbal medicine composition, crushing to make the particle size less than or equal to 100 μm, and collecting a mixture 2 for later use;
(4) controlling the water content of the mixture 1 and the mixture 2 within 15 percent, performing expansion by using a feed expander at the temperature of 180-220 ℃, and collecting the expanded mixture for later use;
(5) mixing the puffed mixture with composite probiotic powder, pig immunoregulation medicine, mineral, sodium chloride and amino acid microelement chelate, and stirring well to obtain the final product.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the pig compound interferon, the immune peptide and the pig transfer factor are used as pig immunoregulation medicines, and can transmit specific and non-specific cell immune information, activate auxiliary cells, enhance the cellular immunity and humoral immunity of organisms and induce the generation of interferon and interleukin; can also repair and enhance the immune function of the body, improve the disease resistance of the body and play a better role in preventing and treating the viral, bacterial and immunodeficiency diseases of pigs.
2. The invention adopts composite probiotic powder of lactobacillus fermentum, saccharomyces cerevisiae, lactobacillus rhamnosus, bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus plantarum and the like, precisely positions probiotic strains through a multi-strain synergy test, utilizes advantage complementation among strains, and metabolites of one strain can stimulate growth and metabolism of the other strain, thereby obtaining products and viable count which can not be obtained by single strain fermentation. Wherein the lactobacillus fermentum CICC 6233 has the functions of inhibiting the growth and immunoregulation of pathogenic bacteria such as staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli, streptococcus pneumoniae and the like; the beer yeast ATCC 9763 can regulate gastrointestinal function of fattening pig and promote decomposition of crude fiber; lactobacillus rhamnosus CICC 6141 has the function of inhibiting colon disorder, and can generate antibiotics; the bacillus subtilis CICC 21164 can effectively inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria such as Shigella, salmonella and the like, and the lactobacillus plantarum CICC 21809 can be used for improving the growth performance and intestinal flora of piglets and fattening pigs.
The probiotics of the invention are adhered to the brush border and the mucous membrane layer of the intestinal microvilli of the fattening pig, can improve the beneficial micro-ecology and health condition of the intestinal tract of the fattening pig through position competition and nutrition competition, improve the quantity of beneficial bacteria such as lactic acid bacteria and the like, inhibit pathogenic bacteria such as escherichia coli, staphylococcus and the like in the intestinal tract of the fattening pig, and prevent intestinal diseases such as diarrhea and the like. Meanwhile, the probiotics can effectively balance the digestive system of the pig, improve the decomposition of the intestines and stomach of the pig on crude fibers and improve the fiber absorption rate. The probiotics can directly generate various nutrient substances such as amino acid, short-chain fatty acid, growth promoting factors and the like, participate in the metabolism of animals, further increase the wrinkle of small intestine mucosa, increase the length of villus, deepen the crypt of the mucosa and increase the absorption area of the small intestine, thereby absorbing and converting the feed more fully and improving the production performance.
2. The compound Chinese herbal medicine composition is prepared from raw materials such as astragalus mongholicus, fingered citron, pinellia ternate, Chinese yam, chicory leaf, eucommia ulmoides, liquorice, fructus forsythiae, plantain herb, pseudo-ginseng, isatis root and semen cassiae according to traditional Chinese medicine and pharmacology book-keeping traditional Chinese medicine theories such as 'compendium of materia Medica' and 'Shennong herbal medicine' and combining with modern biomedical knowledge in a scientific compatibility manner, can effectively promote digestion and absorption of fattening pigs on feeds, and improves growth performance and organism immunity of the fattening pigs.
(1) The fingered citron is rich in volatile oil mainly containing limonene and terpinene, flavonoid substances, polysaccharide substances such as rhamnose, xylose and mannose, amino acid, limonin, coumarin and other ingredients, and has the effects of soothing liver, regulating qi, relieving pain, harmonizing stomach, relieving cough and asthma, eliminating dampness and reducing phlegm. Wherein the polyphenol and flavonoid substances have certain antioxidant activity and strong scavenging capacity on DPPH and ABTS free radicals. The polysaccharide substance can promote humoral immunity and cellular immunity, the volatile oil has obvious inhibition effect on escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus, the volatile oil can inhibit eosinophil level in peripheral blood and lung tissue of animals, reduce eosinophil infiltration in the lung tissue, and antagonize airway inflammatory reaction to play a role in relieving asthma.
(2) The pinellia ternate is rich in alkaloid, pinellia ternate starch, sterols, amino acid, volatile oil, aromatic components, organic acids, flavonoids, pinellin, tannin, various trace elements and other chemical components, and has the effects of eliminating dampness and phlegm, relieving swelling and resolving masses, harmonizing stomach and preventing vomiting, and tranquilizing and resisting inflammation. Wherein the alkaloid, organic acids, flavonoids, etc. can regulate the level of cell factors, reduce the level of inflammatory factors such as NO, TNF-alpha, etc. and inflammatory mediators, trigger the chemotaxis of neutrophils, slow the aggregation of neutrophils, and delay the development of tissue injury. The pinellin can also inhibit the expression of IL-8 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1, and is helpful for relieving neutrophil chemotaxis caused by IL-8 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1.
(3) The rhizoma Dioscoreae is rich in protein, amino acids, starch, polysaccharide, azelaic acid, mucin, palmitic acid, saponin, allantoin, fatty acid, etc., and has effects of enhancing spleen and stomach function, reducing blood sugar, reducing blood lipid, resisting oxidation, enhancing immunity, etc. The mucoprotein and other components in the Chinese yam can inhibit the gastric emptying and intestinal canal propulsion movement of animals, the Chinese yam polysaccharide improves the phagocytic capacity of phagocytes, promotes the formation of hemolysin and hemolytic plaque and lymphocyte transformation, further enhances the immunity of organisms, can also reduce the levels of glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase and malondialdehyde in serum, inhibits the generation of lipid peroxide, and avoids oxidative damage.
(4) The main chemical components of astragalus root and eucommia bark include polysaccharide and flavone, and can activate the activity of mononuclear macrophage system and abdominal cavity macrophage system, raise the level of serum immunoglobulin A (IgA), immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) and raise immunity of human body. The main chemical components of the chicory leaves in the Chinese herbal medicine composition comprise polysaccharides, terpenoids, flavonoids, phenolic acids and the like, can reduce the levels of amylase and lipase in vivo, reduce the levels of total cholesterol and triacylglycerol, inhibit hyaluronidase, collagenase and the like, further clear away heat and toxic materials, and relieve epigastric distending pain and inappetence. In addition, chicory leaves can stimulate gastrointestinal tract mucosal cells by utilizing self active substances, such as terpenes, and are combined with surface receptors of the gastrointestinal tract mucosal cells to increase the level of motilin MTL in fattening pig serum and the level of Occludin in gastric tissue, inhibit vasoactive intestinal peptide VIP and the secretion of Leptin analyzed in gastric tissue, further activate a downstream kinase MEK signal pathway, promote repair of enteric nervous system ENS and enteric neurons, and increase the intestinal propulsion rate of fattening pigs. In addition, chicory leaf polysaccharide substances can inhibit inflammatory cascade amplification reaction by regulating p38 MAPK/NF-kB signal channel, thereby improving the symptoms of functional dyspepsia.
(5) Licorice, forsythia and isatis root have the functions of resisting bacteria, viruses and inflammation, etc., total flavone in licorice can effectively inhibit the content of NO product nitrite in cell supernatant, reduce the level of inflammatory factor Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase (iNOS), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and reduce the level of iNOS and COX-2 in activated macrophage, so that the signal path of extracellular signal-regulated kinase ERK in Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase (MAPKs) is inhibited, and the expression of peroxidase proliferator activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma) mRNA is up-regulated, thereby achieving the anti-inflammatory effect. Arctigenin and forsythiaside in fructus forsythiae can inhibit capillary permeability of organism and increase of leukocyte content of inflammatory tissue, and has analgesic and antiinflammatory pharmacological effects. The isatis root contains indole, quinazolone, sinapside compounds, organic acid compounds, amino acid compounds and other chemical components, has inhibition effect on various bacteria such as staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli, sarcina, staphylococcus epidermidis, and can interfere the replication of virus DNA and RNA, inhibit the proliferation of virus and protect cells from virus damage.
(6) The plantain herb mainly comprises polysaccharides, phenylethanoid glycosides, iridoids, triterpenes, flavonoids, sterols, alkaloids and other components, and has excellent medicinal values of diuresis, inflammation diminishing, blood sugar reducing, blood pressure lowering, blood fat regulating, oxidation resisting, immunity regulating and the like. The plantain polysaccharide can obviously lower the mRNA expression of aquaporin 2(AQP2), regulate and control the level of Th1 and Th2 cytokines and chemotactic factors secreted by Dendritic Cells (DCs), induce Th1 cellular immune response, inhibit sugar diffusion and alpha-amylase activity, promote the peristalsis of small intestines, increase the moisture content of large and small intestines, enlarge the volume of the intestinal tracts, soften the stool and promote defecation.
(7) The cassia seed is rich in anthraquinone, protein, amino acid, naphtho-pyrone, trace elements, fatty acid and other components, has the effects of reducing blood fat, reducing blood pressure, inhibiting bacteria, relaxing bowel and the like, and the anthraquinone components, polysaccharide and cellulose components can obviously increase the number and the quality of defecation granules.
(8) Pseudo-ginseng contains abundant chemical components such as saponins, flavonoids, sterols, polysaccharides, volatile oil, polyacetylenic alcohols, amino acids, organic acids and the like, has high medicinal value, can improve energy metabolism disorder, eliminate free radicals and resist oxidative stress, regulate and control a PI3K/Akt pathway signal pathway, inhibit the expression of proinflammatory factors interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), interleukin-6 (IL-6), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), promote the expression of anti-inflammatory factors interleukin-10 (IL-10), regulate the network balance of cytokines, and improve the immunity and anti-inflammatory activity; reduction of Na+-K+-ATPase and Ca2+-Mg2+-activity of atpase, disturbance of counterion metabolism; controls PI3K-Akt-eNOS pathway and improves tissue blood flow supply. Has obvious effect of relieving hemoptysis, gastrorrhagia and other diseases.
(9) The synergistic effect of the compatibility and combination of the Chinese herbal medicines. The Chinese herbal medicines are compatible and combined, have the effects of promoting the growth of livestock and poultry and health care, and are non-toxic, harmless, residue-free and drug-resistant. The fingered citron, the pinellia ternate, the astragalus mongholicus and the eucommia ulmoides are compatible and combined to play a synergistic effect, the rich polyphenol, the flavone and other components can be initially absorbed at the upper part of the stomach and intestine, the components can stimulate various body cells such as gastrointestinal epithelial cells, endocrine cells, immune cells and the like to play an immune effect under the synergistic effect, and meanwhile, the satiety and the glucose metabolism functions of the fattening pigs are further regulated by regulating the secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), gastrointestinal hormone, somatostatin, ghrelin and cholecystokinin, as well as hypoglycemic agent, glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2), glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and the like, so that the digestion and absorption functions and the body immunity of the fattening pigs are improved. Meanwhile, the pseudo-ginseng, the cassia seed, the Chinese yam, the pinellia tuber and the finger citron not only have medicinal value, but also are rich in amino acids, organic acids, trace elements and the like, so that corresponding nutrient elements are provided for the growth of the fattening pigs, the metabolism function is increased, and the growth performance of the fattening pigs is improved.
4. The synergistic effect of Chinese herbal medicine and probiotics. The invention reasonably combines the Chinese herbal medicines and the probiotics, can obviously promote the growth performance of the fattening pigs, promotes the secretion of IgG, and further improves the health condition of the fattening pigs. The Chinese herbal medicine can improve the functional characteristics of the probiotics, and the probiotics can also improve the activity of the Chinese herbal medicine, so that the two have good synergistic effect. Wherein the probiotics can promote the absorption and metabolism of the fattening pig body to the Chinese herbal medicines, and can also transform ineffective precursors in the Chinese herbal medicines into medicinal components to strengthen the immunity of the body; the volatile oil, polysaccharide, protein, trace elements, etc. in the Chinese herbal medicine can be used as the nutrient components of the probiotics to promote the proliferation of the probiotics. The invention defines the content of main component indexes in the Chinese herbal medicine and the viable count of each probiotic in the finished product, overcomes the defect of uncontrollable quality of the compound product, ensures the stability and uniformity of the product, and improves the bioavailability and application value of the product.
5. The feed disclosed by the invention is prepared by quantitatively combining corn, bean pulp, bran, composite probiotic powder, a Chinese herbal medicine composition, an immunoregulation medicament for pigs, mineral substances, sodium chloride and an amino acid trace element chelate, wherein the components are reasonable in proportion and complementary in effect, so that a brand-new health-care feed for fattening pigs is obtained, the digestion and absorption of the fattening pigs to the feed can be promoted, the growth performance of the fattening pigs is improved, the feed conversion ratio is reduced, meanwhile, the growth and reproduction of pathogenic bacteria can be inhibited, the immunity of the organism is improved, and the morbidity is reduced. The health-care feed for the finishing pigs can generate better synergistic effects of resisting bacteria, improving the balance of intestinal flora of the finishing pigs, resisting oxidation and inflammation, improving the immunity and the digestion and absorption functions of the finishing pigs and the like in a body through biochemical reaction, has obvious influence on biochemical indexes of the serum of the finishing pigs, and obviously improves the immune index level and the duodenal digestive enzyme activity of the serum of the finishing pigs.
Detailed Description
The following examples further illustrate the embodiments of the present invention in detail.
Example 1
A fattening pig health feed for promoting digestion and improving immunity of organisms comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90 parts of corn, 65 parts of soybean meal, 6 parts of bran, 3 parts of composite probiotic powder, 20 parts of a Chinese herbal medicine composition, 5 parts of composite interferon for pigs, 15 parts of mineral substances, 1 part of sodium chloride and 0.4 part of amino acid trace element chelate.
The composite probiotic powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: lactobacillus fermentum CICC 62335, saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 97635, lactobacillus rhamnosus CICC 61414-8, bacillus subtilis CICC 211645 and lactobacillus plantarum CICC 218092.
Wherein the viable count of the lactobacillus fermentum in the composite probiotic powder is 1 multiplied by 108～2×108CFU/g, beer yeast viable count 2 x 108～4×108CFU/g, viable count of Lactobacillus rhamnosus 1 × 109～2×109CFU/g, viable count of Bacillus subtilis 1 × 109～2×109CFU/g, viable count of Lactobacillus plantarum 5X 108～1.25×109CFU/g。
The pig immunoregulation medicament comprises the following components in parts by weight: the pig compound interferon (manufacturer: Sichuan Haiheifukang Biotechnology limited company, product code: long-acting leukocyte interferon, enterprise standard: Q/91510107MA6CRGEH 8R.06, inquiry site: http:// www.cpbz.gov.cn /)2 parts, the immune peptide (manufacturer: Schrekken biotech limited company, product code: compound immune active peptide powder, enterprise standard: Q/12SRK 0008. sup. 2017, inquiry site: http:// www.cpbz.gov.cn /)3 parts, the transfer factor for pig (manufacturer: Shanghai Reynar Biotechnology limited company, product code: transfer factor for pig, model: 300 mg/bottle) 1 part.
The amino acid microelement chelate comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2 parts of amino acid chelated zinc, 2 parts of amino acid chelated copper, 3 parts of amino acid chelated iron, 1 part of amino acid chelated manganese, 3 parts of amino acid chelated calcium and 3 parts of amino acid chelated phosphorus.
Mineral substances, by weight, comprising: 6 parts of medical stone and 12 parts of bentonite.
The Chinese herbal medicine composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of fingered citron, 4 parts of pinellia ternate, 12 parts of Chinese yam, 5 parts of chicory leaves, 7 parts of eucommia ulmoides, 6 parts of liquorice, 2 parts of fructus forsythiae, 10 parts of plantain herb, 10 parts of pseudo-ginseng, 10 parts of isatis root, 5 parts of semen cassiae and 6 parts of astragalus membranaceus. Wherein the quality control standard of the Chinese herbal medicine is implemented according to the first edition of Chinese pharmacopoeia 2015.
The preparation method of the health-care feed for the fattening pigs comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the raw materials according to the proportion for later use;
(2) mixing and crushing corn, bean pulp and bran to enable the particle size to be less than or equal to 1mm, and collecting the mixture 1 for later use;
(3) mixing the Chinese herbal medicine composition, crushing to make the particle size less than or equal to 100 μm, and collecting a mixture 2 for later use;
(4) controlling the water content of the mixture 1 and the mixture 2 within 15 percent, performing expansion by using a feed expander at the temperature of 180-220 ℃, and collecting the expanded mixture for later use;
(5) mixing the puffed mixture with composite probiotic powder, pig immunoregulation medicine, mineral, sodium chloride and amino acid microelement chelate, and stirring well to obtain the final product.
Example 2
A fattening pig health feed for promoting digestion and improving immunity of organisms comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 104 parts of corn, 70 parts of soybean meal, 5 parts of bran, 3 parts of composite probiotic powder, 25 parts of a Chinese herbal medicine composition, 3 parts of immune peptide, 15 parts of mineral substances, 1.5 parts of sodium chloride and 0.5 part of amino acid trace element chelate.
The composite probiotic powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: lactobacillus fermentum CICC 623310, saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 97635, lactobacillus rhamnosus CICC 61418, bacillus subtilis CICC 211643 and lactobacillus plantarum CICC 218094. The number of live bacteria of each probiotic in the composite probiotic powder is the same as that in example 1.
The pig immunoregulation medicament comprises the following components in parts by weight: 4 parts of pig compound interferon, 4 parts of immune peptide and 2 parts of pig transfer factor. The manufacturers and the product codes of the three pig immunoregulatory drugs are the same as example 1.
The amino acid microelement chelate comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3 parts of amino acid chelated zinc, 3 parts of amino acid chelated copper, 5 parts of amino acid chelated iron, 3 parts of amino acid chelated manganese, 3 parts of amino acid chelated calcium and 5 parts of amino acid chelated phosphorus.
Mineral substances, by weight, comprising: 8 parts of medical stone and 12 parts of bentonite.
The Chinese herbal medicine composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3 parts of fingered citron, 2 parts of pinellia ternate, 14 parts of Chinese yam, 3 parts of chicory leaves, 5 parts of eucommia ulmoides, 5 parts of liquorice, 5 parts of fructus forsythiae, 8 parts of plantain herb, 14 parts of pseudo-ginseng, 8 parts of isatis root, 7 parts of semen cassiae and 4 parts of astragalus membranaceus. Wherein the quality control standard of the Chinese herbal medicine is implemented according to the first edition of Chinese pharmacopoeia 2015.
The preparation method of the health-care feed for fattening pigs is the same as that of the example 1.
Application example
1. Experimental verification of fattening pig
200 binary hybrid fattening pigs are adopted in the test, and are randomly divided into 4 treatments, each treatment is repeated by 5 times, and each treatment is repeated by 10 times. Treating the first group as a blank group, and feeding basic ration (see table 1); treating the second feeding of the health care feed in the example 1; processing the health care feed in the three-feeding example 2; four feeds of the health feed without the herbal composition in the raw material composition of example 1 were treated. The test period is 70 days, during which the fattening pigs adopt free diet and drinking water, and the immunization program and other feeding management are carried out according to the regulation of a pig farm.
Table 1 test diet composition and nutritional levels
(1) Influence of health feed on the production performance of fattening pig
The average daily gain, average daily feed intake, feed conversion ratio and diarrhea rate during the test period were calculated, and the results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 influence of health feed on the performance of finishing pigs
Item
Process one
Treatment two
Treatment three
Initial weight (kg)
56.57±1.37
54.92±1.89
56.02±1.51
Terminal weight (kg)
105.84±1.34
132.62±1.12
129.84±1.45
Average daily gain (kg)
0.70±0.36
1.11±0.73
1.05±0.58
Average daily food intake (kg)
2.16±0.23
3.06±0.14
2.95±0.17
Meat ratio of materials
3.09±0.12
2.76±0.24
2.81±0.19
Diarrhea Rate (%)
7.36±0.11
0.71±0.17
0.96±0.13
Experiments show that the health-care feed can effectively prevent diarrhea of the fattening pigs, improve the daily gain of the fattening pigs and reduce the feed conversion ratio, and the product of the health-care feed has a very good help for promoting the growth of the fattening pigs and improving the utilization rate of the feed.
(2) Influence of health feed on biochemical indexes of serum of fattening pig
At the end of the feeding test, 15 fattening pigs are randomly selected for each treatment, 10mL of blood is collected from the anterior vena cava and placed in a coagulation promoting tube, and after blood separates out serum, the separated serum is stored in a refrigerator at the temperature of 20 ℃ below zero for later use. Determination of immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin A (IgA), immunoglobulin M (IgM), and complement C in serum by enzyme-linked immunoassay3Complement C4And the content of the total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) immunological index, the determination method is carried out according to the operation procedure instruction provided by a detection reagent manufacturer (Nanjing institute of bioengineering), and the result is shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 Effect of health feed on biochemical indicators of serum of finishing pigs
Item
Process one
Treatment two
Treatment three
Treatment four
T-SOD(U/mL)
112.16±6.17
158.53±11.31
146.58±9.45
133.51±4.46
IgG(g/L)
0.150±0.06
0.312±0.03
0.341±0.05
0.274±0.006
IgA(g/L)
0.065±0.006
0.089±0.008
0.091±0.004
0.072±0.005
IgM(g/L)
0.062±0.005
0.097±0.003
0.104±0.002
0.081±0.005
C3(g/L)
0.041±0.003
0.068±0.004
0.071±0.001
0.049±0.006
C4(g/L)
0.064±0.002
0.083±0.001
0.076±0.002
0.069±0.007
Experiments show that compared with a control group, the health-care feed can obviously improve IgG, IgA, IgM and C in the serum of fattening pigs3、C4And the content of T-SOD improves the immunity and the antioxidation level of the fattening pigs, and is beneficial to improving the resistance and the health degree of the fattening pigs.
(3) Determination of digestive enzyme Activity
At the end of the feeding trial, 10 finishing pigs were randomly slaughtered for each treatment, and duodenal tissues were taken for use. Total proteolytic enzyme activity, trypsin and chymotrypsin activity were determined by reference to the method of Hu rainbow et al (Hu rainbow et al, the effect of fructo-oligosaccharides on the growth of finishing pigs and intestinal flora, proceedings of Wuxi university, 2001,20 (6): 568-.
TABLE 4 Effect of health feed on the digestive enzyme Activity in duodenum of finishing pigs
Group of
Total protein hydrolase (U/g)
Trypsin (U/g)
Chymotrypsin (U/g)
Amylase (U/g)
Process one
28.32±6.32
47.83±10.33
107.66±22.52
4.78×106±0.22
Treatment two
45.78±4.79
75.34±18.23
189.78±29.34
7.38×106±0.83
Treatment three
41.78±8.12
79.98±14.59
197.45±37.82
7.02×106±0.65
Compared with a control group, the health-care feed can obviously improve the activity of digestive enzymes such as total protein hydrolase, trypsin, chymotrypsin and amylase in duodenum of the finishing pig, promote the digestion of proteins and other substances in the intestine of the finishing pig, reduce the generation of biogenic amine by the fermentation of undigested proteins, and further reduce the occurrence of diarrhea of the finishing pig.
(4) Influence of health feed on intestinal microbial flora of fattening pig
On the 50 th day of the test, 10 fattening pigs are randomly selected for each treatment, fresh excrement of the fattening pigs is collected and placed in an ice box to be quickly transported back to a laboratory, 1.0g of excrement is weighed in an aseptic super clean bench to be placed in an aseptic test tube, 9mL of aseptic normal saline is added, after full shaking, dilution is carried out in a multiple ratio mode, the obtained product is respectively coated on a Macconk agar culture medium for aerobic culture for 24 hours and an MRS agar culture medium for anaerobic culture for 48 hours, then bacterial colony counting is carried out, and the results are shown in table 5.
TABLE 5 Effect of health feed on the intestinal flora of fattening pigs
Item
Process one
Treatment two
Treatment three
Lactic acid bacteria (cfu/g)
8.21±0.14
10.15±0.24
9.94±0.29
Escherichia coli (cfu/g)
7.89±0.23
5.78±0.32
6.95±0.14
Experiments show that compared with the first treatment, the second and third treatments obviously improve the quantity of beneficial bacteria (lactic acid bacteria) in the intestinal tract of the fattening pig fed with the health-care feed and greatly reduce the quantity of harmful bacteria (escherichia coli).