阅读说明：本技术 一种用于裸铺海底管道位移控制的装置及控制方法 (Device and method for displacement control of bare-laid submarine pipeline ) 是由 杨枭 胡伟 陈洁 林志 张翰林 王辉 周耀康 于 2020-12-21 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种用于裸铺海底管道位移控制的装置及控制方法,装置包括有砼预制块、锚索和固定机构,其中砼预制块罩设在海底管道的顶端,砼预制块的弧度与海底管道的弧度相应,砼预制块的上表面开设有凹槽,锚索卡设在凹槽内,锚索的下端与固定机构相连接,固定机构对称设在海底管道两侧的海床内。控制方法的步骤为：步骤一、使砼预制块与海底管道形成一个整体；步骤二、砼预制块及海底管道的下部沉入海床；步骤三、将两边的螺旋桩旋入到设计深度；步骤四、通过导管在连接头底部注入设计计量的混凝土。有益效果：可靠性高；节约材料；承载机制合理；节约工期；预防侵蚀。(The invention discloses a device and a control method for displacement control of a naked-laying submarine pipeline. The control method comprises the following steps: step one, forming a concrete precast block and a submarine pipeline into a whole; secondly, sinking the concrete precast block and the lower part of the submarine pipeline into the seabed; thirdly, screwing the spiral piles at the two sides to the designed depth; and step four, injecting the designed and metered concrete into the bottom of the connector through the guide pipe. Has the advantages that: the reliability is high; the material is saved; the bearing mechanism is reasonable; the construction period is saved; preventing erosion.)

1. A device for displacement control of a bare paved submarine pipeline, characterized in that: the concrete prefabricated block is covered at the top end of the submarine pipeline, the radian of the concrete prefabricated block corresponds to that of the submarine pipeline, a groove is formed in the upper surface of the concrete prefabricated block, the anchor cable is clamped in the groove, the lower end of the anchor cable is connected with a fixing mechanism, and the fixing mechanism is symmetrically arranged in seabed on two sides of the submarine pipeline.

2. The apparatus for displacement control of bare laid subsea pipeline according to claim 1, wherein: the steel plate is arranged in the concrete precast block and used for increasing the shear strength of the concrete precast block.

3. The apparatus for displacement control of bare laid subsea pipeline according to claim 1, wherein: the fixing mechanism comprises an anchor, a connector, spiral piles and a guide pipe, wherein the anchor is connected with the spiral piles through the connector, the anchor is arranged in an inner cavity of the connector, the lower end of the anchor is fixedly connected in the anchor, the upper end of each spiral pile is connected to the bottom of the connector in a threaded mode, the guide pipe and the anchor are arranged side by side, the lower end of the guide pipe is located at the bottom of the connector and on the upper portion of each spiral pile, and cement concrete conveyed in the guide pipe can be conveyed to the bottom of the connector and is expanded to soil foundations on two sides.

4. A device for displacement control of bare laid subsea pipelines according to claim 3, characterized in that: and a fastener is arranged between the guide pipe and the anchor cable for fastening.

5. A control method for displacement control of a bare-laid submarine pipeline is characterized by comprising the following steps: the steps are as follows:

firstly, covering a concrete prefabricated block on a submarine pipeline before laying the submarine pipeline, and fixing the concrete prefabricated block by using a steel wire rope to enable the concrete prefabricated block and the submarine pipeline to form a whole;

step two, in the process of laying the submarine pipeline, under the integral gravity action of the submarine pipeline and the concrete precast block, the concrete precast block and the lower part of the submarine pipeline can sink into the seabed;

after the submarine pipeline is laid, placing anchor cables with spiral piles connected to two ends in grooves of the concrete precast blocks, screwing the spiral piles on two sides to the designed depth, reserving the anchor cables with allowed freedom of movement without tightly hooping the anchor cables in the grooves of the concrete precast blocks, and keeping the anchor cables on the seabed for a certain length so that the submarine pipeline can move within an allowed range;

and step four, injecting designed and metered concrete into the bottom of the connector through the guide pipe to reinforce the seabed around the spiral pile, increasing the reliability of the spiral pile, then fastening the anchor cable, and recovering the steel wire rope in the step one after construction is completed.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a displacement control device and a control method, in particular to a device and a control method for displacement control of a bare-laid submarine pipeline.

Background

At present, with the development of economy, the national demand for resources is continuously increased, and resources such as abundant petroleum and natural gas in the ocean are continuously developed. Currently, marine oil and gas has become a strategic successor of global oil and gas resources. The submarine pipeline is used as a life line of an offshore oil and gas gathering and transporting and producing system and is an important facility for offshore oil and gas field development. However, due to the complex environment in the ocean, the submarine pipeline often has the phenomena of suspension, buckling and the like, which may cause the pipeline to be unstable transversely and vibrate vortex-induced, thereby causing the pipeline to be damaged by fatigue or even broken. Not only can cause a great amount of property loss, but also can cause immeasurable pollution to the marine environment due to oil and gas leakage.

In order to keep the pipeline on the seabed safe and stable, engineering measures such as pipeline weighted concrete covering, pressure block or sand bag adding, anchor rod reinforcing, pile foundation building, concrete sinking bed building and the like are usually adopted at present. The weight and the sandbag are arranged on the pipeline, so that the problem of hanging the submarine pipeline can be effectively solved, but the construction cost is higher; in addition, the weights and sandbags exert a constant gravitational force on the pipeline, which can cause fatigue damage to the subsea pipeline; in addition, the sinking tracks of the heavy blocks and the sandbags in the seawater are not easy to control, so that the construction effect is not controllable. The anchor rod reinforcing technology has the advantages of low cost, simple construction and the like; but its load-bearing capacity is small and its service life is short. The pile foundation has high bearing capacity, can effectively eliminate transverse and longitudinal movement of the pipeline, but has high engineering cost and complex construction, and the overall design tends to be conservative, thereby causing material waste to a certain extent. In addition, the anchor rod and the pile foundation are used as a rigid member, the stress of each part of the member is extremely inconsistent during bearing, the stress of the anchoring end is larger, the stress of the rest part is smaller, and the bearing capacity cannot be fully exerted. The concrete sinking bed is formed by connecting a large number of concrete columns through polypropylene materials, has high bearing capacity, can effectively reinforce submarine pipelines, and has better corrosion prevention effect, but still has the defects of long construction period, complex process and higher cost. Therefore, how to guarantee the stability of the submarine pipeline and meet the requirements of the aspects of construction cost, construction period, reasonable structure bearing mechanism and the like is a problem which needs to be solved urgently in the current ocean engineering.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a device and a control method for displacement control of a bare paved submarine pipeline, which can effectively control the displacement of the submarine pipeline and solve the problems of suspension and buckling of the submarine pipeline while considering the requirements of engineering cost, construction period, reasonable structure bearing mechanism and the like, thereby ensuring the safety and stability of the submarine pipeline.

The device for controlling the displacement of the naked-laid submarine pipeline comprises a concrete precast block, an anchor cable and a fixing mechanism, wherein the concrete precast block is covered at the top end of the submarine pipeline, the radian of the concrete precast block corresponds to that of the submarine pipeline, a groove is formed in the upper surface of the concrete precast block, the anchor cable is clamped in the groove, the lower end of the anchor cable is connected with the fixing mechanism, and the fixing mechanism is symmetrically arranged in seabed on two sides of the submarine pipeline.

The steel plate is arranged in the concrete precast block and used for increasing the shear strength of the concrete precast block so as to better transmit load.

The fixing mechanism comprises an anchor, a connector, spiral piles and a guide pipe, wherein the anchor is connected with the spiral piles through the connector, the anchor is arranged in an inner cavity of the connector, the lower end of the anchor is fixedly connected in the anchor, the upper end of each spiral pile is connected to the bottom of the connector in a threaded mode, the guide pipe and the anchor are arranged side by side, the lower end of the guide pipe is located at the bottom of the connector and on the upper portion of each spiral pile, and cement concrete conveyed in the guide pipe can be conveyed to the bottom of the connector and is expanded to soil foundations on two sides.

And a fastener is arranged between the guide pipe and the anchor cable for fastening.

The invention provides a control method for displacement control of a bare-laid submarine pipeline, which comprises the following steps:

firstly, covering a concrete prefabricated block on a submarine pipeline before laying the submarine pipeline, and fixing the concrete prefabricated block by using a steel wire rope to enable the concrete prefabricated block and the submarine pipeline to form a whole;

step two, in the process of laying the submarine pipeline, under the integral gravity action of the submarine pipeline and the concrete precast block, the concrete precast block and the lower part of the submarine pipeline can sink into the seabed;

after the submarine pipeline is laid, placing anchor cables with spiral piles connected to two ends in grooves of the concrete precast blocks, screwing the spiral piles on two sides to the designed depth, reserving the anchor cables with allowed freedom of movement without tightly hooping the anchor cables in the grooves of the concrete precast blocks, and keeping the anchor cables on the seabed for a certain length so that the submarine pipeline can move within an allowed range;

and step four, injecting designed and metered concrete into the bottom of the connector through the guide pipe to reinforce the seabed around the spiral pile, increasing the reliability of the spiral pile, then fastening the anchor cable, and recovering the steel wire rope in the step one after construction is completed.

The working principle of the invention is as follows:

the submarine pipeline displacement control device provided by the invention consists of a spiral pile, a guide pipe, a connector, an anchorage device, an anchor cable and a concrete prefabricated block, wherein the spiral pile is used as an anchoring body to provide the anti-pulling bearing capacity; the maximum displacement of the subsea pipeline is controlled by anchor lines. When the submarine pipeline is subjected to the action of natural environment loads such as waves, water flow and earthquakes, displacement is generated, the anchor cable can be gradually tensioned along with the increase of the displacement for the displacement in any direction, when the displacement reaches the limit safety distance, the anchor cable tightly hoops the concrete prefabricated block, the natural environment load acts on the anchor cable in a concentrated force mode, is transmitted to the spiral pile through the anchor cable and is balanced with the pulling-resistant bearing capacity of the spiral pile, and therefore the load is diffused into a deep soil body, the purpose of controlling the displacement of the submarine pipeline is achieved, and the safety and stability of the submarine pipeline are prevented from being influenced due to the overlarge displacement of the submarine pipeline.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the reliability is high: the invention provides the uplift-resistant bearing capacity by extruding the soil body above the spiral pile through the spiral pile, and the bearing capacity is strong; the maximum displacement of the submarine pipeline is controlled through the length of the anchor cable, so that the submarine pipeline moves in a safety range, stress accumulation is eliminated, and the safety and reliability of the submarine pipeline are ensured;

2. and (3) material saving: the conventional fixing method of the submarine pipeline is engineering measures such as heavy concrete covering, pressing blocks or sand bags, anchor rod reinforcement, pile foundation construction, concrete sinking bed construction and the like, and in order to ensure or improve the safety and stability of the pipeline, the fixing method is generally realized by increasing the number of heavy concrete and pressing blocks, the anchoring length of an anchor rod, the length or diameter of a pile, the thickness of a concrete sinking bed and the like, so that the cost is high. The invention can obtain larger uplift bearing capacity only by screwing the pile bodies with the same size into a deeper soil layer, thereby saving materials and reducing cost. Particularly, because the shallow soil on the seabed is soft soil, the invention has more remarkable advantages. In addition, the device can ensure the stability of the submarine pipeline with a certain length through the concrete precast block, improve the anchoring efficiency, further save materials and reduce the cost.

3. The bearing mechanism is reasonable: compared with the condition that the stress difference of all sections of the components is large and inconsistent when rigid components such as anchor rods, pile foundations and the like bear the load, the device transmits the load through the flexible components and the anchor cables, the anti-pulling bearing capacity is provided through the spiral piles, the service life of the components is prolonged to a certain extent while the bearing capacity is ensured. In addition, compared with engineering measures for applying constant load to the pipeline such as covering the pipeline with heavy concrete, pressing blocks or sand bags, the device disclosed by the invention can apply a restraining force to the pipeline when the pipeline displacement is too large, namely the displacement needs to be limited, so that the fatigue of the pipeline is effectively reduced, and the bearing mechanism is scientific and reasonable.

4. Saving the construction period: compared with the prior art that the bearing capacity can be provided after grouting maintenance, such as anchor rod reinforcement, pile foundation, concrete sinking bed and the like, the spiral pile is used as the anchoring body, the bearing capacity can be provided after screwing in, and then concrete is injected into the lower part of the connector so as to ensure the reliability of the spiral pile, the next construction can be carried out without waiting for the final setting of the concrete, and the construction period can be effectively saved.

5. And (3) preventing erosion: the concrete precast block is covered on the submarine pipeline, and has a good erosion prevention effect.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a front view of the overall structure of the displacement control device of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a side view showing the overall structure of the displacement control device according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a top view of the concrete precast block of the present invention.

The labels in the above figures are as follows:

1. concrete prefabricated section 2, anchor rope 3, submarine pipeline 4, recess 5, steel sheet 6, ground tackle

7. Connector 8, screw pile 9, pipe 10, cement concrete 11, buckle.

Detailed Description

Please refer to fig. 1 to 3:

the device for controlling the displacement of the naked submarine pipeline comprises a concrete precast block 1, an anchor cable 2 and fixing mechanisms, wherein the concrete precast block 1 is covered at the top end of the submarine pipeline 3, the radian of the concrete precast block 1 corresponds to that of the submarine pipeline 3, a groove 4 is formed in the upper surface of the concrete precast block 1, the anchor cable 2 is clamped in the groove 4, the lower end of the anchor cable 2 is connected with the fixing mechanisms, and the fixing mechanisms are symmetrically arranged in seabed on two sides of the submarine pipeline 3.

The steel plate 5 is arranged in the concrete precast block 1 and used for increasing the shear strength of the concrete precast block 1 so as to better transfer load.

Fixing mechanism is including ground tackle 6, connector 7, spiral pile 8 and pipe 9, wherein anchor rope 2 is connected with spiral pile 8 through connector 7, anchor tackle 6 sets up in the inner chamber of connector 7, the lower extreme of anchor rope 2 links firmly in ground tackle 6, the upper end spiro union of spiral pile 8 is in the bottom of connector 7, pipe 9 sets up with anchor rope 2 side by side, the lower extreme of pipe 9 is located the bottom of connector 7 and the upper portion of spiral pile 8, the cement concrete 10 of carrying in the pipe 9 can be carried the bottom of connector 7 and expand to the soil matrix of both sides.

A buckle 11 is arranged between the guide pipe 9 and the anchor cable 2 for fastening.

The invention provides a control method for displacement control of a bare-laid submarine pipeline, which comprises the following steps:

firstly, before a submarine pipeline 3 is laid, covering a concrete precast block 1 on the submarine pipeline 3, and fixing the concrete precast block 1 and the submarine pipeline 3 by using a steel wire rope to form a whole;

step two, in the laying process of the submarine pipeline 3, under the integral gravity action of the submarine pipeline 3 and the concrete precast block 1, the lower parts of the concrete precast block 1 and the submarine pipeline 3 sink into the seabed;

step three, after the submarine pipeline 3 is laid, placing the anchor cable 2 with the spiral piles 8 connected to the two ends into the groove 4 of the concrete precast block 1, then screwing the spiral piles 8 on the two sides into the designed depth, not tightly hooping the anchor cable 2 in the groove 4 of the concrete precast block 1 at the moment, reserving the anchor cable 2 with an allowed freedom of movement, and keeping the anchor cable 2 on the seabed for a certain length so that the submarine pipeline 3 can move within an allowed range;

step four, injecting designed and metered cement concrete 10 into the bottom of the connector 7 through the guide pipe 9 to reinforce the seabed around the spiral pile 8, increasing the reliability of the spiral pile 8, then fastening the anchor cable 2, and recovering the steel wire rope in the step one after construction is completed.

The working principle of the invention is as follows:

the submarine pipeline displacement control device provided by the invention consists of a spiral pile 8, a guide pipe 9, a connector 7, an anchorage device 6, an anchor cable 2 and a concrete precast block 1, wherein the spiral pile 8 is used as an anchoring body to provide the anti-pulling bearing capacity; the maximum displacement of the subsea pipeline 3 is controlled by the anchor line 2. When the submarine pipeline 3 is subjected to the action of natural environment loads such as waves, water flow and earthquakes, displacement is generated, the anchor cable 2 can be gradually tensioned along with the increase of the displacement for the displacement in any direction, when the displacement reaches the limit safety distance, the anchor cable 2 tightly hoops the concrete prefabricated block 1, the natural environment load acts on the anchor cable 2 in a concentrated force mode, is transmitted to the spiral pile 8 through the anchor cable 2 and is balanced with the pulling-resistant bearing capacity of the spiral pile 8, and therefore the load is diffused into a deep soil body, the purpose of controlling the displacement of the submarine pipeline 3 is achieved, and the safety stability of the submarine pipeline 3 is prevented from being influenced due to the overlarge displacement.