阅读说明：本技术 一种多导管式球形防辐射罩 (Multi-conduit type spherical radiation-proof cover ) 是由 杨杰 孙中琳 张婷婷 平安 于 2020-12-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种多导管式球形防辐射罩。属于气象仪器的技术领域；包括球形状的导流罩及均布安设在导流罩外壁上的若干根导流管道；本发明可将温度传感器的辐射误差降低至0.05℃量级,而基于传统百叶箱和自然通风防辐射罩的温度传感器的辐射误差高达1℃量级,可见,本申请涉及的防辐射罩降低了辐射误差；与传统防辐射罩相比,本发明涉及的防辐射罩体积较小、重量较小、可降低成本,结构相对简单,易于加工制造、维护安装和清洁,多个通风管道的设计使得防辐射罩在有通风管道损坏或者堵住的情况下仍然能正常工作,防辐射罩的可靠性高。(The invention discloses a multi-conduit spherical radiation shield. Belongs to the technical field of meteorological instruments; comprises a spherical air guide sleeve and a plurality of air guide pipelines which are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the air guide sleeve; the radiation error of the temperature sensor can be reduced to 0.05 ℃ magnitude, and the radiation error of the temperature sensor based on the traditional louver box and the natural ventilation radiation-proof cover is up to 1 ℃ magnitude, so that the radiation error of the radiation-proof cover is reduced; compared with the traditional radiation shield, the radiation shield has the advantages of small volume, light weight, cost reduction, relatively simple structure, easiness in processing, manufacturing, maintenance, installation and cleaning, capability of normally working under the condition that the ventilation pipelines are damaged or blocked due to the design of the ventilation pipelines, and high reliability.)

1. A multi-conduit spherical radiation shield is characterized by comprising a spherical air guide sleeve and a plurality of air guide pipelines uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the air guide sleeve;

the air guide sleeve is a hollow sphere with an incompletely sealed side surface; a plurality of fixing openings are formed in the horizontal side wall of the air guide sleeve;

the flow guide pipeline comprises two ports of an airflow inlet and an airflow outlet;

and an airflow outlet of the diversion pipeline is fixedly connected with a fixing port on the diversion cover.

2. The multi-duct spherical radiation shield according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the fixing port on the air guide cover is the same as the diameter of the airflow outlet of the air guide duct.

3. The multi-duct spherical radiation shield according to claim 1, wherein the number of the fixing ports is equal to that of the diversion pipes, and the fixing ports and the diversion pipes are in one-to-one correspondence with each other in position.

4. The multi-duct spherical radiation shield according to claim 1, wherein the diversion duct is in the shape of a circular truncated cone, and the diameter of the airflow inlet of the diversion duct is larger than that of the airflow outlet.

5. The multi-duct spherical radiation shield according to claim 1, wherein the air guide ducts and the flow guide ducts are made of silver, copper, aluminum or other high-reflectivity materials;

and the outer walls of the diversion cover and the diversion pipeline are coated with silver, nickel, aluminum or other high-reflection plastic-coated layers made of reflecting materials.

6. The multi-duct spherical radiation shield according to claim 1, wherein a black antireflection layer is coated on the inner wall of the air guide cover.

7. The multi-duct spherical radiation shield according to claim 4, wherein said air flow inlet and said air flow outlet of said air guide duct are circular.

8. The multi-duct spherical radiation shield of claim 1, wherein: a temperature sensor is arranged in the air guide sleeve, and a sensor probe of the temperature sensor is arranged at the central position of the inner section of the air guide sleeve;

wherein the diameter of the airflow outlet is larger than the diameter of the temperature sensor.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of meteorological instruments, in particular to a multi-conduit spherical radiation shield.

Background

The atmospheric temperature is basic information for carrying out related scientific researches such as temperature change prediction, climate monitoring diagnosis, high-precision numerical prediction and meteorological disaster early warning, and the atmospheric scientific researches, carbon tax, emission reduction amount estimation and the like have higher requirements on the observation precision of the atmospheric temperature. However, the measured value of the existing temperature sensor is higher than the real atmospheric temperature due to direct solar radiation, scattered radiation, underlay surface reflected radiation, long wave radiation and the like, the radiation error can reach 1 ℃ or even higher, and the high-precision observation requirement of the surface air temperature is difficult to meet. At present, a temperature sensor is usually placed in a radiation-proof shield in a ground meteorological station, so that mechanical damage caused by objects suspended in airflow and other external influences during excessive momentum transfer and strong wind is prevented, the surface of the sensor can be protected from accumulation of particulate matters and formation of a biological film to change the physical characteristics of the sensor, meanwhile, direct irradiation of solar radiation on a temperature measuring probe can be blocked, and radiation errors are reduced. Richardson proposes an optimized structure of a Gill radiation shield with a parabolic section, and improves ventilation to a certain extent. In order to further optimize the structure, a structure which is large in top layer, small in middle and capable of blocking radiation reflected by the underlying surface at the bottom is provided, but radiation errors of a new structure are not quantified. To reduce thermal contamination of the sensor by radiation entering the interior of the louvre from the blade gap, Perry proposed a black coating on the interior of the louvre, but with little effect on radiation error.

A good radiation shield design not only should make the solar radiation reaching the surface of the temperature sensor probe as small as possible, but also should make the air flow velocity around the temperature sensor probe as large as possible, and finally the purpose is to reduce radiation error and improve sensor accuracy. However, the two design requirements are contradictory, which brings difficulty to the improvement of the performance of the radiation shield.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above problems, the present invention is directed to a multi-duct spherical natural ventilation radiation shield, which can increase the air velocity around the temperature sensor probe, reduce the influence of the temperature rise caused by the direct radiation of the sun on the temperature sensor probe, reduce the error better, and obtain a more accurate temperature value.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a multi-conduit spherical radiation shield comprises a spherical air guide sleeve and a plurality of air guide pipelines uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the air guide sleeve;

the air guide sleeve is a hollow sphere with an incompletely sealed side surface; a plurality of fixing openings are formed in the horizontal side wall of the air guide sleeve;

the flow guide pipeline comprises two ports of an airflow inlet and an airflow outlet;

and an airflow outlet of the diversion pipeline is fixedly connected with a fixing port on the diversion cover.

The diameter of the fixing opening on the air guide sleeve is the same as that of the airflow outlet of the air guide pipeline.

The number of the fixed ports is equal to that of the diversion pipelines, and the fixed ports and the diversion pipelines are in one-to-one correspondence in position.

The diversion pipeline is in a round table shape, and the diameter of an airflow inlet of the diversion pipeline is larger than that of an airflow outlet.

The air guide sleeve and the air guide pipe are made of silver, copper, aluminum or other materials with high reflectivity;

and the outer walls of the diversion cover and the diversion pipeline are coated with silver, nickel, aluminum or other high-reflection plastic-coated layers made of reflecting materials.

And a black anti-reflection layer is coated on the inner wall of the air guide sleeve.

The airflow inlet and the airflow outlet of the flow guide pipeline are circular.

A temperature sensor is arranged in the air guide sleeve, and a sensor probe of the temperature sensor is arranged at the central position of the inner section of the air guide sleeve;

wherein the diameter of the airflow outlet is larger than the diameter of the temperature sensor.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. the multi-conduit spherical radiation shield comprises 1 spherical air guide sleeve, and the air guide sleeve is spherical, so that natural wind can be effectively guided to flow in the shield, the air flow speed around the air guide sleeve is increased, and solar radiation at all angles and reflected radiation of an underlying surface can be effectively reduced; 2. the spherical air guide sleeve is in a nearly fully closed state, so that the sensor can be protected from being damaged by severe weather such as rain, snow and the like, or mechanical damage caused by objects suspended in airflow and other external influences can be avoided, and the surface of the sensor can be protected from changing the physical characteristics of the sensor due to the accumulation of particulate matters; 3. the radiation shield comprises a plurality of truncated cone-shaped diversion pipelines which are arranged around the diversion shield, so that the air flow circulation in the diversion shield can be enhanced, the measured temperature has good timeliness, and the radiation error can be better reduced; 4. the circular truncated cone-shaped flow guide pipeline is in a shape with a large outer circle radius and a small inner circle radius, and can effectively prevent large granular objects in air from floating into the flow guide cover, so that the accuracy of the sensor is influenced; meanwhile, a plurality of pipelines are arranged, and even if a plurality of pipelines are blocked, other pipelines can continue to play a role; 5. the temperature sensor probe can be placed in the air guide sleeve, the temperature sensor probe can be less affected by radiation heat pollution due to the protection effect of the air guide sleeve, the black anti-reflection layer is coated on the inner surface of the air guide sleeve, the radiation heat pollution to the probe caused by the fact that sunlight entering the air guide pipeline is reflected to the temperature sensor probe can be effectively prevented, and radiation and temperature rise errors can be effectively reduced;

the radiation error of the temperature sensor can be reduced to 0.05 ℃ magnitude, and the radiation error of the temperature sensor based on the traditional louver box and the natural ventilation radiation-proof cover is up to 1 ℃ magnitude, so that the radiation error of the radiation-proof cover is reduced; compared with the traditional radiation shield, the radiation shield has the advantages of small volume, light weight, cost reduction, relatively simple structure, easiness in processing, manufacturing, maintenance, installation and cleaning, capability of normally working under the condition that the ventilation pipelines are damaged or blocked due to the design of the ventilation pipelines, and high reliability.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. 1;

in the figure, 1 is a guide cover, and 2 is a guide pipeline.

Detailed Description

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following detailed description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings:

as shown in the figure; a multi-conduit spherical radiation shield comprises a spherical air guide sleeve 1 and a plurality of air guide pipelines 2 uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the air guide sleeve 1; the air guide sleeve 1 is in a spherical shape with 1 piece; the structure can effectively guide natural wind to circulate in the cover, enhance the air flow speed around the air guide cover 1, and simultaneously can effectively reduce solar radiation of all angles and reflected radiation of the underlying surface;

the diversion pipelines 2 are uniformly distributed around the diversion cover 1; the air flow circulation in the air guide sleeve 1 can be enhanced, so that the measured temperature has good timeliness, and the radiation error can be better reduced;

the air guide sleeve 1 is a hollow sphere with an incompletely sealed side surface (almost in a totally-closed state); the temperature sensor can be protected from being damaged by severe weather such as rain, snow and the like, or mechanical damage caused by objects suspended in airflow and other external influences is avoided, and the surface of the temperature sensor can be protected to prevent the accumulation of particulate matters from changing the physical characteristics of the sensor;

a plurality of fixing openings with corresponding quantity are arranged at the center of the horizontal side wall of the air guide sleeve 1;

the flow guide pipeline 2 comprises two ports of an airflow inlet and an airflow outlet;

and an airflow outlet of the diversion pipeline 2 is fixedly connected with a fixing port on the diversion cover 1.

The diameter of the fixing opening on the air guide sleeve 1 is the same as that of the airflow outlet of the air guide pipeline 2; the fixed port on the air guide sleeve 1 is matched with the airflow outlet of the air guide pipeline 2; the air flow outlet of each guide pipeline 2 is fixed outside the corresponding fixing port.

The number of the fixed ports is equal to that of the diversion pipelines 2, and the fixed ports and the diversion pipelines are in one-to-one correspondence with each other in position.

The whole diversion pipeline 2 is in a round table shape, the diversion pipeline gradually expands outwards from the side surface of the diversion cover 1, the airflow inlet is large, and the airflow outlet is small; the diameter of the airflow inlet of the diversion pipeline 2 is larger than that of the airflow outlet; the temperature sensor can be conveniently put in from the pipeline port;

large granular objects in the air can be effectively prevented from floating into the air guide sleeve 1, so that the precision of the temperature sensor is influenced; and a plurality of pipelines are arranged at the same time, even if a plurality of pipelines are blocked, other pipelines can continue to play a role;

the guide cover 1 and the guide pipeline 2 are made of silver, copper, aluminum or other materials with high reflectivity;

the outer walls of the diversion cover 1 and the diversion pipeline 2 are coated with silver, nickel, aluminum or other high-reflection plastic-coated layers made of reflecting materials;

the inner and outer walls of the diversion cover 1 and the diversion pipeline 2 are flat and smooth.

And a black anti-reflection layer is coated on the inner wall of the air guide sleeve 1.

The airflow inlet and the airflow outlet of the diversion pipeline 2 are circular.

A temperature sensor is arranged in the air guide sleeve 1, and a sensor probe of the temperature sensor is arranged at the center of the inner section of the air guide sleeve 1; due to the protection effect of the air guide sleeve 1, the temperature sensor probe can be less affected by radiation heat pollution, the black anti-reflection layer is coated on the inner surface of the air guide sleeve 1, the radiation heat pollution to the probe caused by the fact that sunlight entering the air guide pipeline 2 is reflected to the temperature sensor probe can be effectively prevented, and radiation and temperature rise errors can be effectively reduced.

Wherein the diameter of the airflow outlet is larger than the diameter of the temperature sensor.

Specifically, the air guide sleeve comprises a spherical air guide sleeve 1 and a circular truncated cone-shaped air guide pipeline 2, wherein the outer surfaces of the air guide sleeve 1 and the air guide pipeline 2 are coated with a layer of reflective material, and the reflective material can be silver, copper, aluminum or other high-reflection materials.

The temperature sensor can be placed in the spherical air guide sleeve 1, so that even if the temperature of the air guide sleeve 1 is increased after the direct radiation, the scattered radiation, the reflected radiation and the like of the sun in the daytime, the plurality of air guide pipes 2 around the air guide sleeve 1 can quickly dissipate heat, and heated air flow cannot easily reach the position of the temperature sensor in the radiation-proof cover; meanwhile, the design structure of the air guide sleeve 1 can effectively prevent solar radiation of all angles from entering the spherical shell, the anti-reflection coating on the inner surface can also effectively prevent the radiation heat pollution to the probe caused by the sunlight reflected to the probe of the temperature sensor, the radiation pollution can be avoided to a certain extent, and the radiation error can be reduced.

In addition, the air guide sleeve 1 is spherical as a whole, so that horizontal low-angle air flow can be guided to enter the ventilation pipeline, the temperature sensed by the temperature sensor in the air guide sleeve 1 is continuously updated, and the measured temperature has good timeliness.

A plurality of circular truncated cone-shaped diversion pipelines 2 are arranged outside the diversion cover 1, so that the airflow ventilation effect in the cover can be effectively guaranteed, a part of small objects can be prevented from entering the cover, and meanwhile, other ducts can still function even if a part of ducts are blocked by particles flowing in the air, so that the difference value between the temperature in the cover and the outside temperature is kept in a small range.

Simulation experiments prove that under the same environmental conditions, the radiation error of the temperature sensor can be reduced to 0.05 ℃ magnitude, while the radiation error of the temperature sensor based on the traditional louver box and the natural ventilation radiation-proof cover is up to 1 ℃ magnitude, so that the radiation error of the radiation-proof cover is reduced; compared with the traditional radiation shield, the radiation shield has the advantages of small volume, light weight, cost reduction, relatively simple structure, easiness in processing, manufacturing, maintenance, installation and cleaning, capability of normally working under the condition that the ventilation pipelines are damaged or blocked due to the design of the ventilation pipelines, and high reliability.