阅读说明：本技术 一种电磁锁工作功率减持电路 (Electromagnetic lock working power reduction circuit ) 是由 陈鸿翔 王雪松 李家亮 景春妍 妥安平 成明宇 于 2020-11-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种电磁锁工作功率减持电路,包括震荡电路、计时电路和斩波电路；母线电源连接斩波电路,斩波电路连接电磁锁,从母线电源中分压驱动震荡电路和计时电路,震荡电路先后产生两路PWM波,先产生的一路PWM波发送给计时电路,计时到达设定时间后,计时电路给震荡电路发送第二路PWM波的启动指令；震荡电路将第二路PWM波发送给斩波电路,使得斩波电路之前输出的直流供电波形变成PWM波形；电磁锁输入端电流形成脉冲方波；每当电源输入方波关断间隙,电磁锁就会利用其磁性材料储能释放来维持自身的工作；本发明能够既满足电磁锁在启动时需要大功率输入的要求,同时降低电磁锁启动后的维持功率。(The invention discloses an electromagnetic lock working power reduction circuit, which comprises an oscillating circuit, a timing circuit and a chopper circuit, wherein the oscillating circuit is connected with the timing circuit; the bus power supply is connected with the chopper circuit, the chopper circuit is connected with the electromagnetic lock, the oscillator circuit and the timing circuit are driven in a voltage-sharing mode from the bus power supply, the oscillator circuit sequentially generates two paths of PWM waves, the generated PWM wave is sent to the timing circuit, and the timing circuit sends a starting instruction of the second path of PWM wave to the oscillator circuit after the timing reaches the set time; the oscillating circuit sends the second path of PWM wave to the chopper circuit, so that the direct current power supply waveform output by the chopper circuit before is changed into the PWM waveform; the current at the input end of the electromagnetic lock forms pulse square waves; when the power supply inputs square wave to turn off the gap, the electromagnetic lock maintains the self work by utilizing the stored energy and the release of the magnetic material of the electromagnetic lock; the invention can meet the requirement that the electromagnetic lock needs high-power input when being started, and simultaneously reduce the maintenance power after the electromagnetic lock is started.)

1. An electromagnetic lock working power reduction circuit is characterized by comprising an oscillating circuit, a timing circuit and a chopper circuit; the bus power supply is connected with the chopper circuit, the chopper circuit is connected with the electromagnetic lock, voltage amplitudes for driving the oscillating circuit and the timing circuit are obtained through voltage division in the bus power supply and are respectively transmitted to the oscillating circuit and the timing circuit, the oscillating circuit generates two paths of PWM waves in sequence, the first path of PWM wave is transmitted to the timing circuit, and the timing circuit starts timing; after the timing reaches the set time, the timing circuit sends a starting instruction of a second path of PWM waves to the oscillating circuit; the oscillating circuit sends the second path of PWM wave to the chopper circuit, so that the direct current power supply waveform output by the chopper circuit before is changed into the PWM waveform; the current at the input end of the electromagnetic lock forms pulse square waves; when the square wave is switched off when the power supply is input, the electromagnetic lock maintains the self work by utilizing the stored energy and the release of the magnetic material of the electromagnetic lock, and the power required by the electromagnetic lock during the work is reduced.

2. The electromagnetic lock working power reduction circuit according to claim 1, wherein the bus voltage is 28V or 100V.

3. The electromagnetic lock working power reduction circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the magnitude of the driving current for maintaining the operation of the electromagnetic lock can be controlled by adjusting the duty ratio of the PWM waveform of the chopper circuit controlled by the oscillator circuit.

4. The electromagnetic lock working power reduction circuit according to claim 3, wherein the duty ratio of the chopper circuit is controlled to determine the magnitude of the current supplied to the electromagnetic lock, and the larger the current is, the larger the heat of the electromagnetic lock is, and the stronger the locking force is; the smaller the current is, the lower the self heat of the electromagnetic lock is, and the weaker the locking force is.

5. The electromagnetic lock working power reduction circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the oscillator circuit generates a PWM wave for controlling the chopper circuit and sends the PWM wave to the chopper circuit, and controls a switching transistor in the chopper circuit to operate, thereby chopping a dc power signal inputted from a primary side.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of space electronic equipment, and particularly relates to an electromagnetic lock working power reduction circuit.

Background

The nuclear energy application plays an increasingly important role in future deep space exploration flight tasks, the safety rod driving mechanism is a key device of a space nuclear energy application system, is a driving mechanism of a reactor safety rod system, and has the main functions that the movement is transmitted through an electromagnetic clutch and a gear, the movement is carried out from an initial position to a final position, and a compression spring matched with a rack is compressed to a working stroke. At the moment, the electromagnetic lock is electrified, the clutch is powered off, the head of the rack of the mechanism is locked, the locking state is kept for a long time, and the normal operation of the reactor is ensured. And at the end of the service life of the reactor or in an accident state, the electromagnetic lock is powered off, and the reactor is stopped emergently. The electromagnetic lock is a key component of the safety rod driving mechanism and needs to work in the high-temperature environment of the nuclear reactor for a long time. When the electromagnetic lock flows current, an electromagnetic coil inside the electromagnetic lock generates heat, and the larger the current is, the higher the temperature of the electromagnetic lock is. The radiation-resistant enameled wire used by the current coil can bear 250 ℃ at most through research. The electromagnetic lock is easy to exceed the bearing temperature of the coil under the high-temperature environment of nearly 200 ℃. The characteristics of electromagnetic lock work are, under the stable condition of input voltage, need the heavy current start, in case the electromagnetic lock card is dead, then need the undercurrent to maintain the dead state of electromagnetic lock card. Namely, high-power start and low-power maintenance. The invention designs the power holding circuit in consideration of the working characteristics of the electromagnetic lock and the characteristics of the magnetic energy storage material in the electromagnetic lock, namely, the high-power starting of the electromagnetic lock is ensured, and after a certain time, the input power is automatically adjusted and reduced, and the locking state of the electromagnetic lock is maintained. The temperature generated by the electromagnetic lock is effectively reduced. The damage of the coil in the use process of the electromagnetic lock under the high-temperature environment is avoided.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, the present invention provides a working power reduction circuit for an electromagnetic lock, which can meet the requirement that a high power input is required to be provided when the electromagnetic lock is started, reduce the required holding power after the electromagnetic lock is started, and solve the problem of too high temperature of the electromagnetic lock caused by the fact that the high power input is still maintained after the electromagnetic lock is started.

The technical scheme for realizing the invention is as follows:

an electromagnetic lock working power reduction circuit comprises an oscillating circuit, a timing circuit and a chopper circuit; the bus power supply is connected with the chopper circuit, the chopper circuit is connected with the electromagnetic lock, voltage amplitudes for driving the oscillating circuit and the timing circuit are obtained through voltage division in the bus power supply and are respectively transmitted to the oscillating circuit and the timing circuit, the oscillating circuit generates two paths of PWM waves in sequence, the first path of PWM wave is transmitted to the timing circuit, and the timing circuit starts timing; after the timing reaches the set time, the timing circuit sends a starting instruction of a second path of PWM waves to the oscillating circuit; the oscillating circuit sends the second path of PWM wave to the chopper circuit, so that the direct current power supply waveform output by the chopper circuit before is changed into the PWM waveform; the current at the input end of the electromagnetic lock forms pulse square waves; when the square wave is switched off when the power supply is input, the electromagnetic lock maintains the self work by utilizing the stored energy and the release of the magnetic material of the electromagnetic lock, and the power required by the electromagnetic lock during the work is reduced.

Further, the bus voltage is 28V or 100V.

Furthermore, the duty ratio of the PWM waveform of the chopper circuit is controlled by adjusting the oscillator circuit, so that the magnitude of the driving current for maintaining the work of the electromagnetic lock can be controlled.

Furthermore, the duty ratio of the chopper circuit is controlled to determine the magnitude of the current supplied to the electromagnetic lock, and the larger the current is, the larger the heat of the electromagnetic lock is, and the stronger the locking force is; the smaller the current is, the lower the self heat of the electromagnetic lock is, and the weaker the locking force is.

Furthermore, the oscillator circuit generates PWM waves for controlling the chopper circuit and sends the PWM waves to the chopper circuit, a switching triode in the chopper circuit is controlled to work, and direct-current power signals input by the primary side are chopped.

Has the advantages that:

1. the invention greatly reduces the current required by the electromagnetic lock during working, reduces the current under the condition of constant voltage input at the front end, reduces the power by the square time, and has obvious reduction trend.

2. The invention can solve the high temperature problem caused by the work of the coil of the electromagnetic lock while ensuring the normal start work of the electromagnetic lock, and can adjust the large current electrifying time in a certain range in the working process of the equipment, and the circuit can also adjust the output low current after finishing the high-power start, thereby controlling the strength of the electromagnetic lock during locking.

3. The high-low temperature cycle test (low temperature of-20 ℃ and high temperature of 200 ℃) is carried out along with the product, and the test result shows that the circuit works stably. Greatly reduced the operating temperature of electromagnetic lock under the high temperature condition: before the circuit is added, the working temperature of the electromagnetic lock coil in the normal-temperature environment is about 100 ℃; after the circuit is added, the working temperature of the electromagnetic lock coil in normal temperature environment is about 30 ℃.

4. The invention skillfully utilizes the energy storage characteristic of the magnetic material of the electromagnetic lock, and the circuit design circuit of the electromagnetic lock is simple and the cost is lower. The cost of the electromagnetic lock product cannot be greatly increased.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in detail below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The invention provides an electromagnetic lock working power reduction circuit, as shown in figure 1, comprising an oscillating circuit, a timing circuit and a chopper circuit; the bus power supply is connected with the chopper circuit, the chopper circuit is connected with the electromagnetic lock, voltage amplitudes for driving the oscillating circuit and the timing circuit are obtained through voltage division in the bus power supply and are respectively transmitted to the oscillating circuit and the timing circuit, the oscillating circuit generates two paths of PWM waves in sequence, the first path of PWM wave is transmitted to the timing circuit, and the timing circuit starts timing; after the timing reaches the set time, the timing circuit sends a starting instruction of a second path of PWM waves to the oscillating circuit; the oscillating circuit sends the second path of PWM wave to the chopper circuit, so that the direct current power supply waveform output by the chopper circuit before is changed into the PWM waveform; the current at the input end of the electromagnetic lock forms pulse square waves; when the square wave is switched off when the power supply is input, the electromagnetic lock maintains the self work by utilizing the stored energy and the release of the magnetic material of the electromagnetic lock, and the power required by the electromagnetic lock during the work is reduced.

The circuit is arranged between the front-end driving power supply and the rear-end electromagnetic lock. The electromagnetic lock is characterized by high-power starting when in work, and after the starting is finished, the electromagnetic lock does not need high power to maintain. The power holding circuit perfectly responds to the characteristics of high-power starting and low-power holding of the electromagnetic lock. The power of the electromagnetic lock after being started is greatly reduced, and the problem that an enameled wire of the electromagnetic lock cannot bear high temperature caused by the flowing of large current in a high-temperature environment of the electromagnetic lock is solved. The circuit has the advantages of small volume and easy installation. The power required by maintaining the locking state after the electromagnetic lock is started is greatly reduced. So that the working temperature of the electromagnetic lock is greatly reduced. The reliability of the electromagnetic lock in a high-temperature environment is improved.

The invention utilizes the physical characteristics of the magnetic material of the electromagnetic lock: the energy storage characteristic of the internal magnetic material, the input power is stored in the magnetic material of the electromagnetic lock, and in the process that the input power waveform is turned off, the energy stored in the magnetic material of the electromagnetic lock is used for maintaining the locking working state of the electromagnetic lock until the next power pulse supplements energy to the magnetic material of the electromagnetic lock again, so that the cycle is performed. The energy release in the magnetic material of the electromagnetic lock in each power supply period is realized, and meanwhile, the released energy is utilized to maintain the operation of the electromagnetic lock. The heat that the realization greatly reduced electromagnetic lock during operation produced for the electromagnetic lock can work under higher temperature environment, increases the reliability of electromagnetic lock.

In fig. 1, since the electromagnetic lock is characterized in that a large current is required to complete the start-up, the power holding circuit cannot enter the operating state at the beginning to limit the large current input of the primary power supply. The primary side power input passes through power line and leads to chopper circuit, and the chopper circuit can select PNP switch tube control to chop for use, and initial power supply phase is because PNP switch tube B level in the chopper circuit does not have control signal this moment, is the low level. Therefore, the switching tubes C, E are in a normally-on state, and a power signal is directly supplied to the electromagnetic lock at the lower stage through the chopper circuit from the primary side, so that high-power starting is realized.

The invention requires two PWM waveforms, one for timing and the other for controlling the on-off of the chopper circuit. The PWM wave required by the timing circuit may be generated by an oscillator circuit. After the electromagnetic lock finishes a high-power starting stage, the starting time controlled in the timing circuit is up, the counting circuit gives a starting signal to the oscillating circuit, and the oscillating circuit generates PWM waves for controlling the chopper circuit. The control model is sent to a chopper circuit to control a switching triode therein to work and chop a direct current power signal input by a primary side. The current at the input end of the electromagnetic lock forms pulse square waves. Every time the square wave is switched off when the power supply is input, the electromagnetic lock maintains the work of the electromagnetic lock by utilizing the stored energy release of the magnetic material of the electromagnetic lock. Greatly reduces the power required by the electromagnetic lock during working.

The counting speed of the timing circuit can be controlled by adjusting the frequency of the counting PWM waveform of the oscillator circuit. The start-up time of the power reduction circuit can thus be adjusted. The PWM waveform duty ratio of the chopper circuit is controlled by adjusting the oscillator circuit, so that the magnitude of the driving current (holding current) for holding the card lock to work can be controlled. It should be noted here that, for adjusting the PWM duty ratio of the chopper circuit, the continuity of the driving current needs to be ensured, and if the PWM duty ratio is too small, the driving current may be cut off. Causing the electromagnetic lock to unlock.

The invention can solve the high temperature problem caused by the work of the coil of the electromagnetic lock while ensuring the normal start work of the electromagnetic lock, and can adjust the large current electrifying time in a certain range in the working process of the equipment, and the circuit can also adjust the output low current after finishing the high-power start, thereby controlling the strength of the electromagnetic lock during locking.

(1) The design must have the function of high current startup: when the electromagnetic lock is powered on, a larger current is needed for starting, so the design must ensure that the circuit can ensure the large current input within a period of time (the time can be adjusted by pulse frequency) after being powered on, and the starting of the electromagnetic lock is completed;

(2) the design must have the function of timed chopping: after the electromagnetic lock is powered on and started, the required holding current is greatly reduced, the electromagnetic lock is provided with a magnetic material, the magnetic material has energy storage capacity, a chopper circuit chops the current according to the physical characteristics of the electromagnetic lock, when the input current of the electromagnetic lock is turned off, release time is provided for the energy storage of the electromagnetic lock, and the electromagnetic lock can maintain the work by utilizing the part of energy;

(3) the function of adjusting the low current of the input work is as follows: the holding-down circuit can determine the magnitude of the current supplied to the electromagnetic lock by controlling the duty ratio of the chopper circuit, and the larger the current is, the larger the heat of the electromagnetic lock is, and the stronger the locking force is; the smaller the current is, the lower the heat of the electromagnetic lock is, the weaker the locking force is, and the chopping duty ratio of the holding-down circuit can be adjusted according to the actual situation.

In summary, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.