阅读说明：本技术 一种能够减小创伤骨科中次生损伤的急救固定设备 (Can reduce wound orthopedics secondary damage's first aid fixed equipment ) 是由 李志江 李明 李兰 张�浩 李建涛 罗杨 唐佩福 于 2020-11-19 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种能够减小创伤骨科中次生损伤的急救固定设备,包括第一弧形夹板,第一弧形夹板的一端可拆卸安装有第二弧形夹板,第一弧形夹板和第二弧形夹板的另一端分别可拆卸安装有第三弧形夹板和第四弧形夹板,第一弧形夹板的表面缠绕有连接绳,第二弧形夹板的表面固定安装有连接组件,第一弧形夹板的顶端固定安装有防护架组件。上述方案中,利用了伸缩杆、伸缩装置以及防护层之间的配合,使得该装置更加适配不同的差异个体,进而最大程度上保证了受害部位的稳定和愈合生长速度,从而保证了该装置的安全性,一定程度上保证了该装置的发展前景,增加了该装置的使用效果以及使用价值,提高了该装置的舒适度。(The invention discloses first-aid fixing equipment capable of reducing secondary injury in traumatic orthopedics, which comprises a first arc-shaped clamping plate, wherein one end of the first arc-shaped clamping plate is detachably provided with a second arc-shaped clamping plate, the other ends of the first arc-shaped clamping plate and the second arc-shaped clamping plate are respectively detachably provided with a third arc-shaped clamping plate and a fourth arc-shaped clamping plate, the surface of the first arc-shaped clamping plate is wound with a connecting rope, the surface of the second arc-shaped clamping plate is fixedly provided with a connecting assembly, and the top end of the first arc-shaped clamping plate is fixedly provided with a protective. In the above scheme, the cooperation between telescopic link, telescoping device and the inoxidizing coating has been utilized for the difference that the device adaptation is different more is individual, and then has guaranteed the stability and the healing growth rate at the position of victimizing to the at utmost, thereby has guaranteed the security of the device, has guaranteed the development prospect of the device to a certain extent, has increased the result of use and the use value of the device, has improved the comfort level of the device.)

1. The first-aid fixing equipment capable of reducing secondary injury in traumatic orthopedics comprises a first arc-shaped clamping plate, wherein a second arc-shaped clamping plate is detachably mounted at one end of the first arc-shaped clamping plate, and a third arc-shaped clamping plate and a fourth arc-shaped clamping plate are respectively detachably mounted at the other ends of the first arc-shaped clamping plate and the second arc-shaped clamping plate; the novel telescopic type wall surface plate is characterized in that a connecting rope is wound on the surface of the first arc-shaped clamping plate, a connecting assembly is fixedly mounted on the surface of the second arc-shaped clamping plate, a protection frame assembly is fixedly mounted at the top end of the first arc-shaped clamping plate, a telescopic structure is detachably mounted on the surface of the protection frame assembly, protective layers are fixedly bonded on the surfaces of the first arc-shaped clamping plate, the second arc-shaped clamping plate, the third arc-shaped clamping plate and the fourth arc-shaped clamping plate, and telescopic rods are detachably mounted among the first arc-shaped clamping plate, the fourth arc-shaped clamping plate, the second arc-shaped clamping plate and the;

the protection frame assembly comprises a first connecting support, the outer surface of the first connecting support is provided with a joggle hole, the top end of the first connecting support is provided with a first stabilizer bar in an embedded mode, the left end and the right end of the first stabilizer bar are integrally provided with joggle blocks, the top end of the first stabilizer bar is provided with an adaptive hole, the top end of the first stabilizer bar is provided with a supporting inclined frame in an embedded mode, the top end of the supporting inclined frame is provided with a mounting hole, the top end of the supporting inclined frame is provided with a mandril in an embedded mode, the other end of the supporting inclined frame is provided with a second stabilizer bar in an embedded mode, and the other end of the second stabilizer bar is provided with;

the telescopic structure comprises a fixed box, the left side and the right side of the inner wall of the fixed box are respectively and rotatably connected with a first gear and a second gear, the surfaces of the first gear and the second gear are both detachably provided with movable shaft rods, a sliding strip is meshed and connected between the first gear and the second gear, and the other end of the sliding strip is fixedly provided with an elastic rope.

2. The first-aid fixing device capable of reducing the secondary injury in traumatic orthopedics department is characterized in that the first arc-shaped splint and the second arc-shaped splint are identical in structure, the third arc-shaped splint and the fourth arc-shaped splint are identical in structure, and the first arc-shaped splint, the second arc-shaped splint, the third arc-shaped splint and the fourth arc-shaped splint are all made of plastic components.

3. The first-aid fixing equipment capable of reducing the secondary injury in traumatic orthopedics department is characterized in that the connecting assembly comprises a connecting block, a circular through hole is formed in the surface of the connecting block, the inner wall surface of the circular through hole is smooth, and the connecting block is located on the top surfaces of the first arc-shaped clamping plate and the second arc-shaped clamping plate.

4. The first-aid fixing equipment capable of reducing the secondary injury in traumatic orthopedics is characterized in that the protective layer is made of slow-rebound sponge materials, the thickness and the overall shape of the protective layer are matched with the first arc-shaped clamping plate, the second arc-shaped clamping plate, the third arc-shaped clamping plate and the fourth arc-shaped clamping plate, a layer of low-concentration lubricating oil is uniformly coated on the outer surface of the telescopic rod, and two ends of the telescopic rod respectively extend to the insides of the second arc-shaped plate and the third arc-shaped plate.

5. The first-aid fixing equipment capable of reducing the secondary injury in traumatic orthopedics department according to claim 1, characterized in that the first connecting bracket and the second connecting bracket have the same structure, the cross sections of the first connecting bracket and the second connecting bracket are rectangular, the supporting inclined frame and the ejector rod are distributed with the first stabilizing rod and the second stabilizing rod in an included angle manner, and the included angle ranges from thirty-five degrees to forty-five degrees.

6. The first-aid fixing device capable of reducing secondary injury in traumatic orthopedics department according to claim 1, characterized in that the length values of the first connecting bracket and the second connecting bracket range from fifteen centimeters to thirty-five centimeters, and the first connecting bracket, the second connecting bracket and the first stabilizing bar and the second stabilizing bar are all positioned on the same horizontal plane.

7. The first-aid fixing device capable of reducing the secondary injury in traumatic orthopedics department is characterized in that the surfaces of the first gear and the second gear are smooth, the movable shaft rod is rotatably connected with the surface of the inner wall of the fixed box, the length value of the sliding strip ranges from one half to one third of the length value of the fixed box, and the surface of the sliding strip is provided with clamping teeth matched with the first gear and the second gear.

8. The first-aid fixing equipment capable of reducing the secondary injury in traumatic orthopedics is characterized in that one end of the sliding strip is fixedly connected with the surface of the first connecting support, one end of the fixing box is fixedly connected with the surface of the second connecting support, the other end of the fixing box is attached to the surface of the second connecting support, one end of the elastic rope is fixedly bonded with the surface of the second connecting support, the elastic rope is made of a rubber component, the number of the elastic ropes is two, and the two elastic ropes are respectively located on the left side surface and the right side surface of the sliding strip.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical auxiliary devices, in particular to first-aid fixing equipment capable of reducing secondary injury in traumatic orthopedics.

Background

With the common use of vehicles, traffic accidents are more and more frequent, trauma orthopedic patients increase day by day, when the trauma orthopedic fracture is treated, the selection of fracture fixing modes is always the topic controversial by the department of orthopedics, no unified conclusion exists at present, but the basic principle of fracture treatment is as follows: firstly, resetting at a far position of a fracture part to protect the fracture area from soft tissue attachment; secondly, anatomical reduction of fracture is pursued with different tastes (except for intra-articular fracture); thirdly, the elastic modulus of the used internal fixture is low; and fourthly, reducing the contact area between an internal fixed object and cortical bone, and the like, wherein the fracture fixation equipment is commonly used for wooden, iron and plastic temporary splints, local materials can be used on site without splints, wood boards, branches, bamboo poles and the like are used as temporary fixation materials, and the fracture fixation equipment can be fixed on the trunk or the limbs of the wounded if no article is used.

Wherein fracture fixation equipment especially involves a positioning device for shank fracture usefulness, and current fracture fixation equipment is when fixing fixed position, is difficult to the different injured person's of high adaptation affected part, and consequently the limitation is stronger to can have certain interval and space when fixed, and then lead to not hard up and the probability of rupture higher, consequently reduced this fixation equipment's security, slowed down the speed of healing of fracture department, consequently be unfavorable for the practical value effect of the device.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the above defects in the prior art, embodiments of the present invention provide an emergency fixation device capable of reducing secondary injury in trauma orthopedics, so as to solve the problems that when the fracture fixation device in the prior art is used for fixing a fixation part, the fracture fixation device is difficult to highly adapt to affected parts of injured people, so that the limitation is strong, and certain intervals and gaps exist during fixation, so that the probability of loosening and breaking is high, the healing speed of the fracture part is slowed down, and the practical value and effect of the device are not favorable.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

an emergency fixation device capable of reducing secondary injury in traumatic orthopedics comprises a first arc splint, a second arc-shaped clamping plate is detachably arranged at one end of the first arc-shaped clamping plate, a third arc-shaped clamping plate and a fourth arc-shaped clamping plate are respectively detachably arranged at the other ends of the first arc-shaped clamping plate and the second arc-shaped clamping plate, the surface of the first arc-shaped clamping plate is wound with a connecting rope, the surface of the second arc-shaped clamping plate is fixedly provided with a connecting component, the top end of the first arc-shaped clamping plate is fixedly provided with a protective frame component, the surface of the protective frame component is detachably provided with a telescopic structure, protective layers are fixedly bonded on the surfaces of the first arc-shaped clamping plate, the second arc-shaped clamping plate, the third arc-shaped clamping plate and the fourth arc-shaped clamping plate, telescopic rods are detachably arranged among the first arc-shaped clamping plate, the fourth arc-shaped clamping plate, the second arc-shaped clamping plate and the third arc-shaped clamping plate;

the protection frame assembly comprises a first connecting support, the outer surface of the first connecting support is provided with a joggle hole, the top end of the first connecting support is provided with a first stabilizer bar in an embedded mode, the left end and the right end of the first stabilizer bar are integrally provided with joggle blocks, the top end of the first stabilizer bar is provided with an adaptive hole, the top end of the first stabilizer bar is provided with a supporting inclined frame in an embedded mode, the top end of the supporting inclined frame is provided with a mounting hole, the top end of the supporting inclined frame is provided with a mandril in an embedded mode, the other end of the supporting inclined frame is provided with a second stabilizer bar in an embedded mode, and the other end of the second stabilizer bar is provided with;

the telescopic structure comprises a fixed box, the left side and the right side of the inner wall of the fixed box are respectively and rotatably connected with a first gear and a second gear, the surfaces of the first gear and the second gear are both detachably provided with movable shaft rods, a sliding strip is meshed and connected between the first gear and the second gear, and the other end of the sliding strip is fixedly provided with an elastic rope.

Wherein, the structure of first arc splint and second arc splint is the same, third arc splint and fourth arc splint structure are the same, and the material of first arc splint, second arc splint, third arc splint and fourth arc splint is the plastic component.

Wherein, coupling assembling includes the connecting block, circular through-hole has been seted up on the surface of connecting block, the inner wall surface of circular through-hole is all smooth, and the connecting block is located the top surface of first arc splint and second arc splint.

Wherein, the material of inoxidizing coating is the sponge material that kick-backs slowly, and thickness, the whole shape of inoxidizing coating all with first arc splint, second arc splint, third arc splint and fourth arc splint looks adaptation, the surface even coating of telescopic link has the lubricated fluid of one deck low concentration, the both ends of telescopic link extend to the inside of second arc and third arc respectively.

Wherein, first linking bridge and second linking bridge's structure is the same, and the cross section of first linking bridge and second linking bridge all is the rectangle, all be the contained angle form between support sloping and the ejector pin and first stabilizer bar and the second stabilizer bar and distribute, and the scope of contained angle is thirty five degrees to forty five degrees.

The length value range of the first connecting support and the second connecting support is fifteen centimeters to thirty-five centimeters, and the first connecting support, the second connecting support, the first stabilizing rod and the second stabilizing rod are all located on the same horizontal plane.

The surfaces of the first gear and the second gear are smooth, the movable shaft lever is rotatably connected with the surface of the inner wall of the fixed box, the length value range of the slide bar is one half to one third of the length value of the fixed box, and the surface of the slide bar is provided with clamping teeth matched with the first gear and the second gear.

The utility model discloses a fixed box, including the draw runner, the one end of draw runner and the fixed surface of first linking bridge, the one end of fixed box and the fixed surface of second linking bridge are connected, the other end of fixed box and the surface laminating of second linking bridge, and the one end of elasticity rope and the fixed surface bonding of second linking bridge, the material of elasticity rope is rubber matter component, the quantity of elasticity rope is two, two the elasticity rope is located the left and right sides surface department of draw runner respectively.

The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:

in the scheme, the telescopic rod is used for adjusting the interval between the first arc-shaped plate and the fourth arc-shaped plate, the connecting ropes on the surfaces of the first arc-shaped clamping plate and the third arc-shaped clamping plate are wound in the circular through holes in the connecting blocks on the surfaces of the second arc-shaped clamping plate and the third arc-shaped clamping plate, and the connecting ropes are slowly tightened, so that the first arc-shaped clamping plate and the second arc-shaped clamping plate are uniformly pressed on the affected part, the fixing operation of the device on the leg fracture positions of different individuals is completed, the adaptation range of the device is further increased, and the practical value and the social benefit of the device are improved;

the invention utilizes the cooperation among the telescopic rod, the telescopic device and the protective layer, so that the device is more suitable for different individuals, and further the stability and the healing growth speed of the damaged part are ensured to the maximum extent, thereby ensuring the safety of the device, ensuring the development prospect of the device to a certain extent, and increasing the use effect and the use value of the device;

the invention utilizes the material of the protective layer as the slow-rebound sponge material, so that the protective layer has unique temperature sensing characteristic, can be softened when being heated and can be hardened when being cooled, when the protective layer is contacted with the body temperature of a human body, particles on the surface are softened, the particles softened along with the weight of the human body are evenly distributed on the pressed area, the body shapes of different individuals can be molded, pressure points are eliminated, blood in the human body can not be pressed under any condition, and after the human body leaves, the blood can be slowly restored to the original shape, so that the aesthetic property of the device is ensured, the device can be repeatedly utilized, the use cost of the device is reduced, the practical value of the device is greatly increased, and the adaptation range and the adaptation value of the device are improved;

the invention utilizes the supporting inclined frame and the ejector rod to be positioned right above the affected part, thereby avoiding the operator or others from mistakenly touching the affected part and simultaneously avoiding foreign matters from directly impacting the skin on the surface of the affected part, thereby increasing the versatility of the device and further increasing the safety of the device.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the first and second arcuate clamping plates of the present invention in an installed configuration;

FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a perspective assembly view of the protective frame assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of FIG. 1 at A according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the telescoping arrangement of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic view of the installation structure of the telescopic structure and the first and second connecting brackets of the present invention.

[ reference numerals ]

1. A first arc splint; 2. a second arc-shaped splint; 3. a third arc-shaped splint; 4. a fourth arc-shaped splint; 5. connecting ropes; 6. a connecting assembly; 61. connecting blocks; 62. a circular through hole; 7. a guard frame assembly; 71. a first connecting bracket; 72. joggling holes; 73. a first stabilizer bar; 74. a joggling block; 75. an adapter hole; 76. a supporting inclined frame; 77. mounting holes; 78. a top rod; 79. a second stabilizer bar; 710. a second connecting bracket; 8. a telescopic structure; 81. a first gear; 82. a second gear; 83. a movable shaft lever; 84. A slide bar; 85. an elastic cord; 86. a fixed box; 9. a protective layer; 10. a telescopic rod.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, an embodiment of the invention provides first-aid fixing equipment capable of reducing secondary injury in traumatic orthopedics, which comprises a first arc splint 1, wherein a second arc splint 2 is detachably mounted at one end of the first arc splint 1, a third arc splint 3 and a fourth arc splint 4 are respectively detachably mounted at the other ends of the first arc splint 1 and the second arc splint 2, a connecting rope 5 is wound on the surface of the first arc splint 1, a connecting assembly 6 is fixedly mounted on the surface of the second arc splint 2, a protective frame assembly 7 is fixedly mounted at the top end of the first arc splint 1, a telescopic structure 8 is detachably mounted on the surface of the protective frame assembly 7, protective layers 9 are fixedly bonded on the surfaces of the first arc splint 1, the second arc splint 2, the third arc splint 3 and the fourth arc splint 4, and telescopic rods 10 are detachably arranged between the first arc-shaped clamping plate 1 and the fourth arc-shaped clamping plate 4 and between the second arc-shaped clamping plate 2 and the third arc-shaped clamping plate 3.

As shown in fig. 4, the protection frame assembly 7 includes a first connection bracket 71, a joggle hole 72 is formed on an outer surface of the first connection bracket 71, a first stabilizer bar 73 is mounted on a top end of the first connection bracket 71 in an embedded manner, a joggle block 74 is formed on a left end and a right end of the first stabilizer bar 73, an adaptation hole 75 is formed on a top end of the first stabilizer bar 73, a supporting inclined frame 76 is mounted on a top end of the first stabilizer bar 73 in an embedded manner, a mounting hole 77 is formed on a top end of the supporting inclined frame 76, a top rod 78 is mounted on a top end of the supporting inclined frame 76 in an embedded manner, a second stabilizer bar 79 is mounted on the other end of the supporting inclined frame 76 in an embedded manner, and a second connection bracket 710 is mounted on the other end of the.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the telescopic structure 8 includes a fixed box 86, the left and right sides of the inner wall of the fixed box 86 are respectively and rotatably connected with a first gear 81 and a second gear 82, the surfaces of the first gear 81 and the second gear 82 are both detachably provided with a movable shaft 83, a sliding bar 84 is engaged and connected between the first gear 81 and the second gear 82, and the other end of the sliding bar 84 is fixedly provided with an elastic rope 85.

First arc splint 1 and second arc splint 2's structure is the same, third arc splint 3 and fourth arc splint 4 structure are the same, and the material of first arc splint 1, second arc splint 2, third arc splint 3 and fourth arc splint 4 is the plastic component. As shown in fig. 5, the connection assembly 6 includes a connection block 61, a circular through hole 62 is formed on the surface of the connection block 61, the inner wall surfaces of the circular through hole 62 are smooth, the connection block 61 is located on the top surfaces of the first arc splint 1 and the second arc splint 2, the first connection bracket 71 and the second connection bracket 710 have the same structure, the cross sections of the first connection bracket 71 and the second connection bracket 710 are rectangular, the support inclined frame 76 and the top rod 78 are distributed with the first stabilizer bar 73 and the second stabilizer bar 79 in an included angle manner, the included angle ranges from thirty-five degrees to forty-five degrees, the length values of the first connection bracket 71 and the second connection bracket 710 range from fifteen centimeters to thirty-five centimeters, and the first connection bracket 71, the second connection bracket 710, the first stabilizer bar 73 and the second stabilizer bar 79 are all located on the same horizontal plane, the surfaces of the first gear 81 and the second gear 82 are smooth, the movable shaft lever 83 is rotatably connected with the inner wall surface of the fixed box 86, the length value range of the slide bar 84 is one half to one third of the length value of the fixed box 86, the surface of the slide bar 84 is provided with clamping teeth matched with the first gear 81 and the second gear 82, one end of the slide bar 84 is fixedly connected with the surface of the first connecting support 71, one end of the fixed box 86 is fixedly connected with the surface of the second connecting support 710, the other end of the fixed box 86 is attached to the surface of the second connecting support 71, one end of the elastic rope 86 is fixedly attached to the surface of the second connecting support 710, the elastic rope 86 is made of a rubber component, the number of the elastic ropes 86 is two, and the two elastic ropes 86 are respectively located on the left side surface and the right side surface of the slide bar 84.

As shown in fig. 1, the material of inoxidizing coating 9 is the sponge material that kick-backs slowly, and inoxidizing coating 9 thickness, whole shape all with first arc splint 1, second arc splint 2, third arc splint 3 and fourth arc splint 4 looks adaptations, the surface even coating of telescopic link 10 has the lubricated fluid of one deck low concentration, the both ends of telescopic link 10 extend to the inside of second arc 2 and third arc 3 respectively.

It is specific, utilize the material of inoxidizing coating 9 to be the sponge material that kick-backs slowly, make inoxidizing coating 9 have unique temperature sensing characteristic, can soften when being heated, can harden when being refrigerated, when contacting human body temperature, the particle on surface softens, particle along with the softening of health weight is the pressurized area evenly distributed, can mould different individual sizes, eliminate the pressure point, make the internal blood of human body can not receive the oppression under any circumstance, leave the back when the human body, it can slowly recover the original state, and then guarantee the aesthetic property of device and reuse's effect, the practical value of the device has been increased substantially, the adaptation scope and the adaptation value of the device have been improved.

Wherein the brand of telescopic link is for flying in the dragon, and its model is PXTL.

The working process of the invention is as follows:

the operator pulls the first arc splint 1 and the second arc splint 2 open through the telescopic structure, at this time, the first connecting bracket 71 at the top end of the first arc splint 1 drives the slide bar 84 to move under the limit assistance of the first gear 81 and the second gear 82, at this time, the elastic rope 85 plays a role in pulling back the slide bar 84, then the device is integrally sleeved on the leg surface of the patient, at this time, the operator attaches the first arc splint 1 and the fourth arc splint 4 to the left end and the right end of the affected part, meanwhile, the first arc splint 1 and the fourth arc splint 4 are prevented from directly contacting the epidermis of the affected part, the interval between the first arc splint 1 and the fourth arc splint 4 is adjusted through the telescopic rod 10, so as to ensure that the device can be adapted to different users, then, the second arc splint 2 and the third arc splint 3 adopt the same operation scheme, and the horizontal line consistent with the first arc splint 1 and the fourth arc splint 4 is reached, accomplish the vertical regulation of device promptly, first arc splint 1 and second arc splint 2 begin to tighten up under extending structure 8 this moment, inoxidizing coating 9 contacts human body temperature this moment, the particle on surface softens, particle along with the softening of health weight is receiving the area of pressure evenly distributed, mould out the bodily form shape that is fit for different individualities, operating personnel twines the connecting rope 5 on first arc splint and third arc splint 3 surface in the circular through-hole 62 in the connecting block 61 on second arc splint 2 and third arc splint 3 surface, and slowly tighten up connecting rope 5, make first arc splint 1 and second arc splint 2 even and the distance of receiving pressure to the affected part fit for the end, the vertical regulation work of device has been accomplished promptly, finally accomplished protection and positioning work to fracture department, can.

Above-mentioned scheme, utilized telescopic link 10 to adjust the interval between first arc 1 and the fourth arc 4, utilize the connection rope 5 on first arc splint and third arc splint 3 surface to twine in the circular through-hole 62 in the connecting block 61 on second arc splint 2 and third arc splint 3 surface, and slowly tighten up and connect rope 5, make first arc splint 1 and second arc splint 2 even to the pressurized of affected part, thereby accomplished the fixed operation of the device to different individual shank fracture positions, the adaptation scope of the device has further been increased, the practicality value and the social of the device have been improved.

The points to be finally explained are: first, in the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood broadly, and may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, or a communication between two elements, and may be a direct connection, and "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are only used to indicate a relative positional relationship, and when the absolute position of the object to be described is changed, the relative positional relationship may be changed;

secondly, the method comprises the following steps: in the drawings of the disclosed embodiments of the invention, only the structures related to the disclosed embodiments are referred to, other structures can refer to common designs, and the same embodiment and different embodiments of the invention can be combined with each other without conflict;

and finally: the above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that are within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.