阅读说明：本技术 一种球面滚子球基面精研机及使用方法 (Spherical surface roller spherical base surface lapping machine and using method ) 是由 燕敬豪 燕珊珊 燕芳贞 田民 于 2020-12-02 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种球面滚子球基面精研机及使用方法,用于实现对滚子的精密研磨加工。它包括机座、设置在机座上的床头箱,还包括：摆动轴及驱动机构,它设置在机座与床头箱之间用于驱动床头箱在水平面内摆动；工件轴,它转动安装在床头箱上,在工件轴端部固定有夹具；工件轴驱动机构,它设置在床头箱上用于驱动工件轴的旋转；拖板,它左右滑动设置在机座的右端,拖板与机座之间设有拖板驱动机构；进给气缸,它固定在拖板上,在进给气缸的活塞杆上固定有油石夹,在油石夹上固定有油石；上料单元,用于将滚子逐个添加至夹具内；打料单元,用于将夹具内的滚子打落；下料单元,用于接收夹具上掉落的滚子。本发明可以方便对滚子的研磨操作。(A ball base surface lapping machine of a spherical roller and a use method are used for realizing precise grinding processing of the roller. It includes the frame, sets up the headstock on the frame, still includes: the swinging shaft and the driving mechanism are arranged between the machine base and the headstock and are used for driving the headstock to swing in a horizontal plane; the workpiece shaft is rotatably arranged on the headstock, and a clamp is fixed at the end part of the workpiece shaft; the workpiece shaft driving mechanism is arranged on the headstock and is used for driving the workpiece shaft to rotate; the carriage is arranged at the right end of the machine base in a left-right sliding manner, and a carriage driving mechanism is arranged between the carriage and the machine base; the feeding cylinder is fixed on the carriage, an oilstone clamp is fixed on a piston rod of the feeding cylinder, and an oilstone is fixed on the oilstone clamp; the feeding unit is used for adding the rollers into the clamp one by one; the knockout unit is used for knocking off the rollers in the clamp; and the blanking unit is used for receiving the rollers falling from the clamp. The invention can facilitate the grinding operation of the roller.)

1. The utility model provides a sphere roller ball base face lapping machine, it includes the frame, sets up the headstock on the frame, characterized by still includes:

the swinging shaft and the driving mechanism are arranged between the machine base and the headstock and are used for driving the headstock to swing in a horizontal plane;

the workpiece shaft is rotatably arranged on the headstock, and a clamp is fixed at the end part of the workpiece shaft;

the workpiece shaft driving mechanism is arranged on the headstock and is used for driving the workpiece shaft to rotate;

the carriage is arranged at the right end of the machine base in a left-right sliding manner, and a carriage driving mechanism for driving the carriage to move left and right is arranged between the carriage and the machine base;

the feeding cylinder is fixed on the carriage, an oilstone clamp is fixed on a piston rod of the feeding cylinder, and an oilstone is fixed on the oilstone clamp;

the feeding unit is arranged at the front end of the machine base and is used for adding the rollers into the clamp one by one;

the knockout unit is arranged on the headstock and is used for knocking off the rollers in the clamp;

and the blanking unit is arranged at the rear side of the machine base and is used for receiving the rollers falling from the clamp.

2. The spherical roller spherical base surface lapping machine according to claim 1, wherein the feeding unit comprises two supporting mechanisms, a material passage and a pushing cylinder, the material passage is fixed on the top of the first supporting mechanism, the pushing cylinder is fixed on the top of the second supporting mechanism, and a push rod is fixed on a piston rod of the pushing cylinder.

3. The spherical roller spherical base surface lapping machine of claim 2, wherein the supporting mechanism comprises a bracket which is fixedly connected with the machine base and is vertically arranged, a stand column which is rotatably arranged at the upper part of the bracket, a locking screw which is arranged between the stand column and the bracket, a first pin shaft which is fixed at the upper part of the stand column, and a pair of left and right supporting rods which are hinged with the first pin shaft; the push-out cylinder is fixed on the mounting plate, elongated slots are formed in the lower portion of the material channel and the mounting plate, a pair of second hinge pins which are arranged left and right are arranged in the elongated slots, and the upper ends of the supporting rods are hinged with the corresponding second hinge pins.

4. The ball surface roller ball base surface lapping machine of claim 3, wherein the material channel comprises a fixed plate, a movable plate and a transition plate, the movable plate is movably arranged at the upper part of the fixed plate and forms a channel for placing the roller with the fixed plate, the fixed plate is provided with an adjusting groove, the movable plate is provided with a positioning bolt in a threaded manner, the positioning bolt penetrates into the adjusting groove, and the positioning bolt is provided with a matched nut; the transition plate is an arc-shaped plate and is fixed at the end part of the fixed plate.

5. The spherical roller spherical base surface lapping machine of claim 1, wherein the knockout unit comprises a knockout cylinder fixed on the headstock, a limit nut fixed in the workpiece shaft, a knockout rod movably arranged in the workpiece shaft, and a spring arranged between the knockout rod and the limit nut, and the knockout rod and the knockout cylinder piston rod are coaxially arranged.

6. The spherical roller spherical base surface lapping machine according to claim 1, wherein the blanking unit comprises a receiving hopper fixed at the rear side of the machine base, and a spring tube disposed below the receiving hopper and communicated with the receiving hopper.

7. The ball surface roller ball base surface lapping machine of claim 1, wherein the transition plate is threadedly mounted with an adjustment screw, the adjustment screw extending into an inner section of the transition plate.

8. The ball roller ball base lapping machine of claim 1, wherein a square groove is provided on the oilstone holder, one end of the oilstone is placed in the square groove, and a clamping bolt is provided on the oilstone holder to contact the oilstone.

9. The use method of the spherical surface roller spherical base surface lapping machine is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) the rollers are placed on the material channel, the rollers are sequentially arranged in the material channel and move along the material channel, and the roller at the foremost end rolls down onto the transition plate under the self-weight;

(2) the headstock is driven to swing to the foremost side through the swing shaft and the driving mechanism, and the feeding unit acts to add the roller into the clamp;

(3) the headstock is driven to swing reversely under the action of the swing shaft and the driving mechanism, and the roller is contacted with the oilstone in the swing process to realize the grinding treatment of the roller;

(4) when the headstock swings to the last side, the knockout unit acts to knock down the rollers on the clamp, and the knocked-down rollers fall into the blanking unit;

(5) after the material beating is finished, the headstock swings reversely until the headstock swings to the foremost side again, which is a working cycle;

(6) the swing according to the set angle can be repeated for a plurality of times in one working cycle.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of roller processing, in particular to a spherical surface roller spherical base surface lapping machine and a using method thereof.

Background

The spherical base surface convexity roller is a key part for a new generation of bearings, the grinding precision of the spherical base surface convexity roller is directly related to the final quality grade of the roller, and the running precision and the service life of the bearing are influenced. The outer diameter of the spherical roller is spherical or multi-angle conical, the end surface to be ground is of a spherical structure, and the shape and the precision are required to be ensured simultaneously in the processing, so that a special machine tool needs to be developed for processing.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a ball surface and base surface lapping machine for a spherical roller and a using method, which are used for realizing precise grinding processing of the roller.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the utility model provides a sphere roller ball base face lapping machine, it includes the frame, sets up the headstock on the frame, characterized by still includes:

the swinging shaft and the driving mechanism are arranged between the machine base and the headstock and are used for driving the headstock to swing in a horizontal plane;

the workpiece shaft is rotatably arranged on the headstock, and a clamp is fixed at the end part of the workpiece shaft;

the workpiece shaft driving mechanism is arranged on the headstock and is used for driving the workpiece shaft to rotate;

the carriage is arranged at the right end of the machine base in a left-right sliding manner, and a carriage driving mechanism for driving the carriage to move left and right is arranged between the carriage and the machine base;

the feeding cylinder is fixed on the carriage, an oilstone clamp is fixed on a piston rod of the feeding cylinder, and an oilstone is fixed on the oilstone clamp;

the feeding unit is arranged at the front end of the machine base and is used for adding the rollers into the clamp one by one;

the knockout unit is arranged on the headstock and is used for knocking off the rollers in the clamp;

and the blanking unit is arranged at the rear side of the machine base and is used for receiving the rollers falling from the clamp.

Furthermore, the feeding unit comprises two supporting mechanisms, two material channels and two pushing cylinders, the material channels are fixed at the top of the first supporting mechanism, the pushing cylinders are fixed at the top of the second supporting mechanism, and push rods are fixed on piston rods of the pushing cylinders.

Furthermore, the supporting mechanism comprises a bracket which is fixedly connected with the base and is vertically arranged, an upright post which is rotatably arranged at the upper part of the bracket, a locking screw which is arranged between the upright post and the bracket, a first pin shaft which is fixed at the upper part of the upright post, and a pair of supporting rods which are arranged left and right and are hinged with the first pin shaft; the push-out cylinder is fixed on the mounting plate, elongated slots are formed in the lower portion of the material channel and the mounting plate, a pair of second hinge pins which are arranged left and right are arranged in the elongated slots, and the upper ends of the supporting rods are hinged with the corresponding second hinge pins.

The material channel comprises a fixed plate, a movable plate and a transition plate, the movable plate is movably arranged at the upper part of the fixed plate and forms a channel for placing the roller with the fixed plate in an enclosing manner, an adjusting groove is formed in the fixed plate, a positioning bolt is arranged on the movable plate in a threaded manner and penetrates through the adjusting groove, and a matched nut is arranged on the positioning bolt; the transition plate is an arc-shaped plate and is fixed at the end part of the fixed plate.

Furthermore, the knockout unit comprises a knockout cylinder fixed on the headstock, a limit nut fixed in the workpiece shaft, a knockout rod movably arranged in the workpiece shaft, and a spring arranged between the knockout rod and the limit nut, and the knockout rod and a knockout cylinder piston rod are coaxially arranged.

Furthermore, the unloading unit includes the hopper that connects of fixing in the frame rear side, set up and connect the hopper below and with the spring pipe that connects the hopper intercommunication.

Furthermore, an adjusting screw is installed on the transition plate in a threaded mode, and the adjusting screw extends into one section of the inner side of the transition plate.

Furthermore, a square groove is formed in the oilstone clamp, one end of the oilstone is arranged in the square groove, and a clamping bolt in contact with the oilstone is arranged on the oilstone clamp.

The use method of the spherical surface roller spherical base surface lapping machine is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) the rollers are placed on the material channel, the rollers are sequentially arranged in the material channel and move along the material channel, and the roller at the foremost end rolls down onto the transition plate under the self-weight;

(2) the headstock is driven to swing to the foremost side through the swing shaft and the driving mechanism, and the feeding unit acts to add the roller into the clamp;

(3) the headstock is driven to swing reversely under the action of the swing shaft and the driving mechanism, and the roller is contacted with the oilstone in the swing process to realize the grinding treatment of the roller;

(4) when the headstock swings to the last side, the knockout unit acts to knock down the rollers on the clamp, and the knocked-down rollers fall into the blanking unit;

(5) after the material beating is finished, the headstock swings reversely until the headstock swings to the foremost side again, which is a working cycle;

(6) the swing according to the set angle can be repeated for a plurality of times in one working cycle.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the spherical base surface lapping machine for the spherical roller and the using method, the processing precision is improved, and the precision of the spherical base surface of the ground spherical roller stably reaches the II-level precision; a multi-axis driving structure is adopted, so that the machine tool is simple to act, and the movement precision and the working reliability of the machine tool are improved; the single machine is adopted for automatic work, so that the production management is convenient; the processes of feeding, grinding, beating and blanking of the roller are consecutive, so that the processing capacity of the equipment is improved, and the flexible production and the line production are convenient to organize.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of a lapping machine of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of the lapping machine of the present invention (without the feeding and discharging units);

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a blanking unit;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the oilstone grinding roll;

FIG. 5 is one of the assembly views of the chute and the support mechanism;

FIG. 6 is a second schematic view of the assembly of the chute and the supporting mechanism;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a transition plate;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the clamp;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view at the time of charging;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the blanking operation;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the assembly of the oilstone and the oilstone clip;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the assembly of the ejector cylinder and the support mechanism;

in the figure: 1 machine base, 2 headstock, 3 workpiece shaft driving mechanism, 4 workpiece shaft, 5 oilstone, 6 blanking unit, 61 receiving hopper, 62 spring tube, 63 mounting plate, 7 feeding cylinder, 8 planker, 81 planker driving mechanism, 9 planker box, 10 blanking cylinder, 11 blanking rod, 12 clamp, 121 clamping hole, 13 roller, 131 feeding axis, 132 grinding starting axis, 133 grinding ending line, 134 blanking axis, 14 turntable, 15 swinging shaft and driving mechanism, 16 blanking unit, 161 support, 162 upright post, 1621 locking screw, 163 push-out cylinder, 1631 push rod, 1632 fixing frame, 164 first pin shaft, 165 fixing plate, 1651 movable plate, 1652 adjusting groove, 1653 positioning bolt, 1654 elongated groove, 166 support rod, 167 second pin shaft, 168 transition plate, 168 adjusting screw, 17 oilstone clamp, 171 clamping bolt, 18 spring, 19 limit nut.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1 to 12, the lapping machine of the present invention mainly includes a machine base 1, a headstock 2, a workpiece shaft driving mechanism 3, a workpiece shaft 4, a grinding unit, a carriage 8, a carriage driving mechanism 81, a material beating unit, a clamp 12, a turntable 14, a swing shaft and driving mechanism 15, a feeding unit 16 and a discharging unit 6, and the following describes the lapping machine of the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the machine base 1 is a supporting and mounting base of the whole lapping machine, a rotary table 14 is rotatably mounted at the left end of the machine base, a swing shaft and a driving mechanism 15 for driving the rotary table to swing in a horizontal plane are arranged on the machine base, and the swing shaft and the driving mechanism mainly comprise a swing shaft fixedly connected with the rotary table, and a motor and a transmission mechanism for driving the swing shaft to swing in the horizontal plane. The swing shaft and the driving mechanism can drive the rotary table to swing in the horizontal plane, the rotary table can swing back and forth according to a set angle when swinging in the horizontal plane, the maximum swing angle of the rotary table is preset and fixed under the action of the swing shaft and the driving mechanism, and the maximum swing angle of the rotary table is determined by the positions of the foremost side and the rearmost side when the headstock swings.

A headstock 2 is fixed to the turntable, a hollow workpiece shaft 4 is rotatably mounted to the headstock, a workpiece shaft driving mechanism 3 for driving the workpiece shaft to rotate is provided to the headstock, a jig 12 is fixed to the right end of the workpiece shaft, the jig is an electromagnetic coreless jig, and as shown in fig. 8, a clamping hole 121 for clamping a roller is provided in the right end surface of the jig 12. The inner side of the workpiece shaft is provided with a knockout rod 11, the extension line of the knockout rod is provided with a knockout cylinder 10, and the knockout cylinder is fixed on the headstock. Under the pushing action of the piston rod of the knockout cylinder, the knockout rod moves in the workpiece shaft, and when the knockout rod extends into the clamping hole, the knockout rod is in contact with the roller 13 in the clamping hole, so that the roller is knocked down from the clamp. The clamping hole is a tapered hole, and after the roller enters one section of the clamping hole, the roller cannot move leftwards continuously, but can move rightwards and then move out of the clamping hole. The knockout cylinder and the knockout rod form a knockout unit, and the roller is detached from the clamp through the knockout unit. Be equipped with spring 18 in the work piece axle, be fixed with stop nut 19 at work piece axle inboard, the first end and the stop nut fixed connection of spring, the second end and the knockout pole outer wall fixed connection of spring, and the knockout pole sets up in the spring inboard, and the knockout cylinder piston rod stretches out and can promote the knockout pole to remove to one side at anchor clamps place after the contact of knockout pole and knockout pole, and the roller is knocked down until the contact of knockout pole and roller. The piston rod of the knockout cylinder moves reversely and is separated from the knockout rod, and the knockout rod resets under the action of the spring. Through the length of adjusting the spring, the pretightening force of the knockout pin can be adjusted.

The carriage 8 is arranged at the right end of the machine seat in a left-right sliding mode, a carriage driving mechanism 81 is arranged between the carriage and the carriage box, the carriage driving mechanism can comprise a motor and a screw rod screw pair, and the carriage is driven to move left and right through the carriage driving mechanism.

The planker is fixedly provided with a planker box 9, a feeding cylinder 7 and an oilstone clamp 17, the piston rod of the feeding cylinder is fixedly provided with the oilstone clamp, the oilstone clamp is of a block structure as shown in fig. 11, the oilstone clamp is provided with a square groove, the first end of the oilstone is arranged in the square groove, a clamping bolt 171 is installed on the oilstone clamp in a threaded mode, and clamping of the oilstone is achieved through the clamping bolt. The oilstone is driven to be close to or far away from the clamp under the action of the feeding oil cylinder.

During operation, firstly, the headstock is swung to the foremost side under the action of the swinging shaft and the driving mechanism, as shown in fig. 4, the axis of the roller is overlapped with the feeding axis 131, the roller is fed into the fixture, and then the headstock is swung backwards under the action of the swinging shaft and the driving mechanism until the axis of the roller reaches the position of the grinding starting axis 132, the roller starts to contact with the oilstone, and the oilstone starts to grind the roller; the grinding operation is ended as the headstock continues to swing back until the roller axis coincides with the grinding end axis 133. The headstock continues to swing backwards until the roller axis is coincident with the blanking axis 134, the headstock stops swinging, and then the knockout cylinder is actuated to drive the knockout pin to knock the roller off the fixture, which is a grinding process of the roller.

Be equipped with material loading unit 16 on the extension line of material loading axis, material loading unit includes supporting mechanism, the material says and the cylinder of pushing out, supporting mechanism has two, as shown in fig. 5-7, supporting mechanism includes with frame fixed connection and vertical support 161 that sets up, rotate the stand 162 of installing on support upper portion, set up locking screw 1621 between stand and support, fix at stand upper portion first round pin axle 164, with the articulated branch 166 that sets up about a pair of being connected of first round pin axle, be equipped with the screw hole on the support, the support passes through bolt and frame fixed connection. The upper part of the bracket is provided with a circular groove, and the lower part of the upright post is rotatably arranged in the circular groove. After the relative position between the stand column and the support is adjusted, the stand column is locked and fixed through the locking screw. A fixed plate 165 is arranged above the upright post, a circular arc-shaped transition plate 168 is fixed at one end of the fixed plate, a long groove 1654 is arranged at the lower part of the fixed plate, a pair of second pin shafts 167 which are arranged left and right are arranged in the long groove, one support rod is arranged between the first pin shaft and the second pin shaft on the left side, and the other support rod is arranged between the first pin shaft and the second pin shaft on the right side. The supporting rod is hinged with the first pin shaft and the second pin shaft, so that the shape of a triangle formed by the supporting rod and the fixed plate can be changed by moving the position of the second pin shaft, and the inclination state of the fixed plate can be adjusted. And after the position of the second pin shaft in the elongated slot is fixed, locking and fixing the second pin shaft and the fixed plate. The fixed plate is provided with a movable plate 1651, the movable plate is connected with the fixed plate in a sliding mode, the fixed plate is provided with an adjusting groove 1652, a positioning bolt 1653 is arranged in the adjusting groove and is in threaded connection with the movable plate, and a matched nut is arranged on the positioning bolt. After the positioning bolts are loosened, the relative position between the movable plate and the fixed plate can be adjusted, the roller is placed between the movable plate and the fixed plate, and the relative position between the movable plate and the fixed plate is adjusted according to the axial size of the roller. And then the positioning bolt is locked, so that the movable plate and the fixed plate can be relatively locked and fixed. The fixed plate, the movable plate and the transition plate form a material channel, the roller between the fixed plate and the movable plate can roll onto the transition plate under the dead weight, the adjusting screw 169 is arranged on the transition plate in a threaded mode, the adjusting screw is rotated according to the outer diameter of the roller, the length of the adjusting screw extending into the inner side of the transition plate is further adjusted, the axis of the roller and the central axis of the transition plate are located in the same vertical plane, and finally the roller can be smoothly pushed out of the transition plate when the pushing mechanism acts. The fixed plate is in an ┠ -shaped structure when viewed from the side, and the movable plate is arranged at the upper part of the fixed plate. The upper part of the fixed plate and the movable plate enclose a channel for placing the roller.

The pushing cylinder 163 is disposed on an extension line of the central axis of the transition plate, one of the supporting mechanisms is used for supporting the material channel, the other supporting mechanism is used for supporting the pushing cylinder, as shown in fig. 12, a fixing frame 1632 is disposed above the other supporting mechanism, a long groove is also disposed on the fixing frame, a second pin shaft of the other supporting mechanism is disposed in the long groove, the pushing cylinder is fixed on the fixing frame, a push rod 1631 is fixed on a piston rod of the pushing cylinder, the push rod is driven to move when the pushing cylinder acts, the push rod approaches the transition plate under the action of the pushing cylinder until the push rod contacts with a roller on the transition plate, the roller can be driven to move on the transition plate until the roller is pushed out from the transition plate, and then the pushing cylinder acts in a reverse direction, and the push rod is driven to reset. The mount is the sheet metal component, can obtain through the steel sheet bending, and the effect of mount is installed pushing out the cylinder.

As shown in fig. 9, when loading is required, the headstock swings to the foremost end, at this time, the axis of the clamp is arranged in a collinear manner with the axis of the transition plate and the axis of the push rod, the push rod pushes the roller on the transition plate into the clamp under the action of the push-out cylinder, and then the push-out cylinder moves reversely. Then, the headstock swings to the rear side by the swing shaft and the drive mechanism, and when the headstock swings to the rearmost side as shown in fig. 10, the knock-out unit operates to knock the rollers off the jig. As shown in fig. 3, the blanking unit 6 includes a receiving hopper 61, a mounting plate 63 fixed at one end of the receiving hopper, and a spring tube 62 disposed below the receiving hopper, wherein the upper end of the spring tube is connected with the bottom of the receiving hopper, and the mounting plate is fixedly connected with the machine base. The roller falls into the receiving hopper after falling from the clamp, then enters the spring tube, and finally enters the collection container through the spring tube.

The method of use of the lapping machine of the present invention is described below:

(1) the rollers are placed on the material channel, the rollers are sequentially arranged in the material channel and move along the material channel, and the roller at the foremost end rolls down onto the transition plate under the self-weight;

(2) the headstock is driven to swing to the foremost side through the swing shaft and the driving mechanism, and the feeding unit acts to add the roller into the clamp;

(3) the headstock is driven to swing reversely under the action of the swing shaft and the driving mechanism, and the roller is contacted with the oilstone in the swing process to realize the grinding treatment of the roller;

(4) when the headstock swings to the last side, the knockout unit acts to knock down the rollers on the clamp, and the knocked-down rollers fall into the blanking unit;

(5) after the material beating is finished, the headstock swings reversely until the headstock swings to the foremost side again, which is a working cycle;

(6) the swing according to the set angle can be repeated for a plurality of times in one working cycle.