阅读说明：本技术 新型复合三明治防爆结构及其制备方法 (Novel composite sandwich explosion-proof structure and preparation method thereof ) 是由 赵振宇 卢天健 周贻来 任建伟 陈韦杰 张杜江 于 2020-07-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种新型复合三明治防爆结构及其制备方法,特别是一种金属-粘弹性材料叠层板和具有多功能特性的二维点阵芯体复合结构材料。所述的新型复合三明治防爆结构由金属-粘弹性材料叠层前面板、点阵芯体和金属后面板组成。本发明用金属-粘弹性材料叠层板替代传统三明治夹芯结构的前面板(迎爆面),且芯体采用具有多功能特性的二维点阵芯体结构,该结构在比强度、比刚度等性能方面较I型结构提高20%以上,且具有优异的吸能特性。该结构可以应用于航天航空、船舶、汽车、机械及土木工程领域,尤其在防爆结构中具有广阔的应用前景。(The invention provides a novel composite sandwich explosion-proof structure and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a metal-viscoelastic material laminated plate and a two-dimensional lattice core composite structure material with multifunctional characteristics. The novel composite sandwich explosion-proof structure consists of a metal-viscoelastic material laminated front panel, a dot matrix core and a metal rear panel. The invention uses the metal-viscoelastic material laminated plate to replace the front panel (explosion-facing surface) of the traditional sandwich structure, and the core adopts a two-dimensional lattice core structure with multifunctional characteristics, and the structure has the advantages of improving the performance such as specific strength, specific rigidity and the like by more than 20 percent compared with the I-shaped structure and having excellent energy absorption characteristic. The structure can be applied to the fields of aerospace, ships, automobiles, machinery and civil engineering, and particularly has wide application prospect in an explosion-proof structure.)

1. The utility model provides a novel compound sandwich explosion-proof structure which characterized in that: the laminated front panel comprises a plurality of metal front panels, and viscoelastic materials are sprayed or coated on the metal front panels to form a laminated structure in which the metal front panels and the viscoelastic materials are alternately distributed.

2. The novel composite sandwich explosion-proof structure according to claim 1, wherein: the metal front panel and the metal rear panel are made of carbon steel, stainless steel, pure aluminum, aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, titanium alloy and composite materials.

3. The novel composite sandwich explosion-proof structure according to claim 1, wherein: the viscoelastic material comprises high damping rubber and polyurea.

4. The novel composite sandwich explosion-proof structure according to claim 1, wherein: the laminated front panel comprises a seven-layer structure, wherein the metal front panel comprises four layers, and the viscoelastic material comprises three layers.

5. The novel composite sandwich explosion-proof structure according to claim 1, wherein: the lattice core body is a honeycomb core body, a corrugated core body and a pyramid core body.

6. The novel composite sandwich explosion-proof structure according to claim 1, wherein: the connecting technology is soldering, laser welding or epoxy glue bonding technology.

7. A preparation method of a novel composite sandwich explosion-proof structure is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) cutting the flattened metal plate into a metal front panel and a metal rear panel by a laser cutting machine or a linear cutting machine;

2) cleaning the metal front panel and the metal rear panel by using a metal cleaning agent to remove oil stains and rust stains, and then putting the metal front panel and the metal rear panel into a dryer to dry for later use;

3) spraying or coating viscoelastic materials with specific thickness on the cut metal front panel, and alternately laminating the metal front panel and the viscoelastic materials to form a whole laminated front panel of the metal-viscoelastic materials;

4) assembling the lattice core, fixing the assembled lattice core by using a tool, cleaning by using a metal cleaning agent to remove oil stains and rust, and then drying in a dryer for later use;

5) and connecting the lattice core body with the laminated front panel and the metal rear panel by adopting a connecting technology to form a novel composite sandwich explosion-proof structure.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of protection, in particular to a novel composite sandwich explosion-proof structure and a preparation method thereof.

Background

At present, the study aiming at the armor protection of various types of vehicles is very concerned at home and abroad. In order to improve the survival probability of passengers and the service efficiency of vehicles in a battlefield environment, researchers adopt a new material or a new structure on a vehicle body so as to improve the protection performance of a detonation loading part. At present, the protective structures which are researched more are mainly divided into homogeneous solid structures, sandwich structures, laminated structures and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a novel composite sandwich explosion-proof structure and a preparation method thereof in order to solve the problems in the prior art, and the viscoelastic material has the characteristics of both the two materials, so that the energy can be stored and dissipated under the reciprocating action of force. Therefore, after the viscoelastic material is added, the structure not only can reduce the peak value of the stress wave generated by explosion, but also can reduce the total impulse transmitted to the vehicle body, thereby reducing the damage of the explosion to the vehicle structure and passengers.

The invention provides a novel composite sandwich explosion-proof structure which comprises a laminated front panel, a dot matrix core and a metal rear panel which are sequentially connected by adopting a connection technology, wherein the laminated front panel comprises a plurality of metal front panels, and viscoelastic materials are sprayed or coated on the metal front panels to form a laminated structure in which the metal front panels and the viscoelastic materials are alternately distributed.

The further improvement is that the plate materials adopted by the metal front panel and the metal rear panel comprise carbon steel, stainless steel, pure aluminum, aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, titanium alloy and composite materials.

In a further improvement, the viscoelastic material comprises high damping rubber and polyurea.

In a further improvement, the laminated front panel comprises a seven-layer structure, wherein the metal front panel comprises four layers and the viscoelastic material comprises three layers.

The lattice core body is a honeycomb core body, a corrugated core body and a pyramid core body.

The further improvement, the connecting technology is soldering, laser welding or epoxy glue bonding technology.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the novel composite sandwich explosion-proof junction, which comprises the following steps:

1) cutting the flattened metal plate into a metal front panel and a metal rear panel by a laser cutting machine or a linear cutting machine;

2) cleaning the metal front panel and the metal rear panel by using a metal cleaning agent to remove oil stains and rust stains, and then putting the metal front panel and the metal rear panel into a dryer to dry for later use;

3) spraying or coating viscoelastic materials with specific thickness on the cut metal front panel, and alternately laminating the metal front panel and the viscoelastic materials to form a whole laminated front panel of the metal-viscoelastic materials;

4) assembling the lattice core, fixing the assembled lattice core by using a tool, cleaning by using a metal cleaning agent to remove oil stains and rust, and then drying in a dryer for later use;

5) and connecting the lattice core body with the laminated front panel and the metal rear panel by adopting a connecting technology to form a novel composite sandwich explosion-proof structure.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the invention replaces the explosion-facing surface panel (front panel) of the sandwich structure with the metal laminated plate, and comprehensively utilizes the explosion-proof characteristics of the sandwich structure and the laminated structure. At the same time, viscoelastic material is filled between the metal laminated plates. The viscoelastic material is a high molecular polymer, and under the action of external force, two deformation mechanisms of elasticity and viscosity exist simultaneously, so that the viscoelastic material has the elastic solid property and the viscous fluid property, and is a material specially used as a damping layer. Since the viscoelastic material has both properties, it can both store and dissipate energy under the reciprocating action of force. Therefore, after the viscoelastic material is added, the structure can reduce the stress wave peak value generated by explosion and can also reduce the total impulse transmitted to the vehicle body, thereby reducing the damage of the explosion to the vehicle structure and passengers and greatly improving the safety performance.

2. Low density, light weight, reduced dead weight, easy production and low cost.

3. The ultra-light lattice composite structure has designability, and different lattice composite structure forms can be selected according to different tactical vehicles and use environments.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a square honeycomb lattice core structure;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an assembled structure of a novel square honeycomb lattice core composite sandwich explosion-proof structure;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a novel composite sandwich explosion-proof structure with a square honeycomb lattice core;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a triangular corrugated lattice core structure;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an assembled structure of a novel triangular corrugated lattice core composite sandwich explosion-proof structure;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a trapezoidal corrugated lattice core structure;

fig. 7 is a schematic view of an assembled structure of a novel composite sandwich explosion-proof structure of a trapezoidal corrugated lattice core.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.

The invention provides a novel composite sandwich explosion-proof structure, which is structurally shown in figure 3 and comprises a laminated front panel 1, a lattice core 2 and a metal rear panel 3 which are sequentially connected by adopting a connection technology, wherein the laminated front panel comprises a plurality of metal front panels, and viscoelastic materials are sprayed or coated on the metal front panels to form a laminated structure in which the metal front panels and the viscoelastic materials are alternately distributed.

The further improvement is that the plate materials adopted by the metal front panel and the metal rear panel comprise carbon steel, stainless steel, pure aluminum, aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, titanium alloy and composite materials.

In a further improvement, the viscoelastic material comprises high damping rubber and polyurea.

In a further improvement, the laminated front panel comprises a seven-layer structure, wherein the metal front panel comprises four layers and the viscoelastic material comprises three layers.

The lattice core body is a honeycomb core body, a corrugated core body and a pyramid core body.

The further improvement, the connecting technology is soldering, laser welding or epoxy glue bonding technology.

The specific installation method of the present invention is illustrated by the following examples.

Novel compound sandwich explosion-proof structure embodiment 1:

1) cutting the flattened 1060 pure aluminum plate into battens by adopting a linear cutting technology;

2) a rectangular groove is formed in one side of each slat by adopting a linear cutting technology, the groove width is the thickness of each slat, the groove height is half of the height of each slat, and the groove interval is 20 times of the thickness of each slat;

3) cutting the flattened 1060 pure aluminum plate into a metal front panel and a metal rear panel with equal thickness by adopting a linear cutting technology;

4) cleaning the metal front panel, the metal rear panel and the corrugated plate strips by using a metal cleaning agent to remove oil stains and rust, and drying in an oven at 40-50 ℃ for later use;

5) spraying polyurea with the thickness twice that of the aluminum plate on the cut metal front panel, and alternately laminating the metal front panel and the viscoelastic material to form a whole laminated front panel;

5) assembling the laths in parallel to form a square honeycomb core according to the corresponding positions of the rectangular grooves on the laths, welding at the intersection of the laths by adopting laser welding, and forming as shown in figure 1;

6) uniformly coating commercially available aluminum soldering paste at the connecting position of the square honeycomb core and the front and rear panels, drying in an oven at 40-50 ℃, then putting into a high-temperature brazing furnace for welding, slowly cooling to room temperature after welding, and discharging to obtain the honeycomb core sandwich plate, as shown in fig. 2 and 3.

The brazing: controlling the vacuum degree at 10-3Pa, raising the temperature from room temperature to 550-620 ℃ at the speed of 1 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 10 min-1 h, and then cooling along with the furnace.

Novel compound sandwich explosion-proof structure embodiment 2:

1) manufacturing a flattened 1060 pure aluminum plate into a triangular corrugated plate by adopting a rolling technology;

2) cutting the corrugated plate into corrugated plate strips according to requirements by adopting a linear cutting technology;

3) cutting the flattened 1060 pure aluminum plate into a metal front panel and a metal rear panel with equal thickness by adopting a linear cutting technology;

4) cleaning the metal front panel, the metal rear panel and the corrugated plate strips by using a metal cleaning agent to remove oil stains and rust, and drying in an oven at 40-50 ℃ for later use;

5) coating high-damping rubber on the cut metal front panel, and alternately laminating the metal front panel and a viscoelastic material to form a whole laminated front panel;

5) assembling corrugated laths in parallel to each other according to the interval of 20 times of the thickness of the web and 0-degree phase difference to form a corrugated channel core body as shown in figure 4, and fixing the corrugated laths for later use by a tool;

6) and uniformly coating commercially available aluminum soldering paste at the connecting position of the corrugated channel core body and the front and rear panels, drying in an oven at 40-50 ℃, then putting into a high-temperature brazing furnace for welding, slowly cooling to room temperature after welding, and discharging to obtain the corrugated channel core body sandwich plate, as shown in fig. 5.

The brazing: controlling the vacuum degree at 10-3Pa, raising the temperature from room temperature to 550-620 ℃ at the speed of 1 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 10 min-1 h, and then cooling along with the furnace.

Novel compound sandwich explosion-proof structure embodiment 3:

1) manufacturing the flattened stainless steel plate into a trapezoidal corrugated plate by adopting a stamping technology;

2) cutting the corrugated plate into corrugated plate strips according to requirements by adopting a linear cutting technology;

3) cutting the flattened stainless steel plate into a metal front panel and a metal rear panel with equal thickness by adopting a linear cutting technology;

4) cleaning the metal front panel, the metal rear panel and the corrugated plate strips by using a metal cleaning agent to remove oil stains and rust, and drying in an oven at 40-50 ℃ for later use;

5) spraying polyurea on the cut metal front panel, and alternately laminating the metal front panel and the viscoelastic material to form a whole laminated front panel;

6) the corrugated strips were assembled parallel to each other at a pitch of 50 times the web thickness and with a phase difference of 0 ° to form a corrugated channel core, as shown in fig. 6, and fixed by tooling for use.

6) Covering the processed rear panel above the corrugated channel core, adjusting the position, determining the position and height of the laser through trial welding, programming a laser walking program according to the corrugated shape, and determining the laser power and welding speed according to the panel and the core thickness. The sequence of welding the core plates during welding is from the middle to the two sides alternately. And after the whole surface is welded, turning the panel up and down to fix, covering the laminated front panel on the core body plate, repeating the operations, and welding the laminated front panel and the core body to finally obtain the corrugated channel core body sandwich plate, as shown in fig. 7.

While the invention has been described in terms of its preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.