阅读说明：本技术 一种生物质燃气净化处理工艺 (Biomass gas purification treatment process ) 是由 董燕萍 邓先伦 蒋剑春 应浩 戴伟娣 龚建平 孙康 徐俊明 许玉 孙云娟 于 2020-11-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种生物质燃气净化处理工艺,包括以下步骤：S1、生物质预处理；S2、生物质再处理；S3、生物质净化处理；S4、生物质制氢处理；本发明通过利用生物质气化供气、供热以及生物质制氢并与燃料电池集成供电,可实现分布式气热电联供系统,是未来清洁能源供应的重要组成,同时能够实现区域性供燃气和供热,达到降低企业能源消费量和能源费用、污染物排放和CO2排放,缓解区域能源供需矛盾的效果,且通过开发焦油催化转换催化剂,降低生物质气焦油含量,将焦油中大分子的碳氢化合物转化为小分子的碳氢化合物等有用气体,从源头减少焦油的生成,提高气化的效率和气化产物的热值实现极大的净化效果。(The invention discloses a biomass gas purification treatment process, which comprises the following steps: s1, pretreating biomass; s2, reprocessing the biomass; s3, biomass purification treatment; s4, performing hydrogen production treatment by biomass; the invention can realize the distributed gas-heat-electricity combined supply system by utilizing the biomass gasification gas supply, heat supply, biomass hydrogen production and integrated power supply with the fuel cell, is an important component for future clean energy supply, can realize regional gas supply and heat supply simultaneously, achieves the effects of reducing the energy consumption and energy cost of enterprises, pollutant emission and CO2 emission and relieving the contradiction between regional energy supply and demand, reduces the tar content of the biomass gas by developing a tar catalytic conversion catalyst, converts macromolecular hydrocarbon in the tar into useful gas such as micromolecular hydrocarbon and the like, reduces the generation of the tar from the source, improves the gasification efficiency and the heat value of a gasification product, and realizes a great purification effect.)

1. A biomass gas purification treatment process is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, biomass pretreatment: firstly, baking the biomass, removing moisture contained in the biomass, releasing drying equipment to heat and dry the biomass and keeping a biomass body;

s2, biomass reprocessing: superposing and recombining the dried biomass body by a pressing mechanism, and performing centralized storage on the superposed biomass by a storage box;

s3, biomass purification treatment: performing tar removal treatment on the stored biomass;

s4, biomass hydrogen production treatment: the biomass is gasified in a gasification furnace to obtain hydrogen, catalytic conversion is carried out by means of synthesis gas, and carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide in the synthesis are converted into hydrogen through a water-gas shift reaction so as to obtain high-purity hydrogen through a purification and separation process.

2. The biomass gas purification treatment process according to claim 1, wherein the treatment time of the biomass gasification in the gasification furnace is 60min, and the same amount of biomass is added into the gasification furnace at intervals of 3 min.

3. The biomass gas purification treatment process according to claim 1, wherein the catalytic conversion of the synthesis gas is synchronously operated in the gasification furnace, and the synthesis gas and the gasified biomass in the gasification furnace are fed in the same proportion to perform mixed catalytic treatment.

4. The biomass gas purification treatment process according to claim 1, wherein the water gas shift reaction is used for hydrogen production treatment of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide through a water gas reactor, and a catalyst is added to eliminate redundant carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide.

5. The biomass gas purification treatment process according to claim 1, wherein the obtained hydrogen is purified by a separator, and the purity of the hydrogen is not lower than ninety nine percent.

6. The biomass gas purification treatment process according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen gas is produced by using gas generated by biomass gasification, dedusting and decoking the gas, then modulating the biomass in a gas modulator, and finally preparing the hydrogen gas meeting the requirements of a hydrogen combustion battery through purification equipment.

7. The biomass gas purification treatment process according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen gas combustion quality detection is implemented through device debugging and cold and hot state operation detection.

8. The biomass gas purification treatment process according to claim 1, wherein the catalyst is a cerium oxide-based water shift catalyst.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fuel gas purification treatment, in particular to a biomass fuel gas purification treatment process.

Background

Biomass refers to various organisms produced by photosynthesis using the atmosphere, water, land, etc., i.e., all living organic substances that can grow are generally called biomass, and it includes plants, animals, and microorganisms, a broad concept: biomass includes all plants, microorganisms and animals fed with plants and microorganisms and wastes produced therefrom, representative biomass such as crops, crop wastes, wood wastes and animal wastes, narrow concept: the biomass mainly refers to lignocellulose (lignin for short) such as straws and trees except grains and fruits in the production process of agriculture and forestry, agricultural product processing leftovers, agricultural and forestry wastes, livestock and poultry manure and wastes in the production process of animal husbandry, and the like, and is characterized in that: the biomass fuel gas hydrogen production system has the advantages of being renewable, low in pollution and wide in distribution, gradually matures through the technology of hydrogen production and power generation by utilizing biomass along with the technological progress, but certain defects still exist in the prior art on the hydrogen production purification treatment technology of biomass fuel gas, so that the hydrogen production purity is greatly limited at present, and the heat value of a gasification product is reduced due to the fact that a large amount of tar is generated in the combustion process.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts a technical solution that: the biomass gas purification treatment process comprises the following steps: s1, biomass pretreatment: firstly, baking the biomass, removing moisture contained in the biomass, releasing drying equipment to heat and dry the biomass and keeping a biomass body; s2, biomass reprocessing: superposing and recombining the dried biomass body by a pressing mechanism, and performing centralized storage on the superposed biomass by a storage box; s3, biomass purification treatment: performing tar removal treatment on the stored biomass; s4, biomass hydrogen production treatment: the biomass is gasified in a gasification furnace to obtain hydrogen, catalytic conversion is carried out by means of synthesis gas, and carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide in the synthesis are converted into hydrogen through a water-gas shift reaction so as to obtain high-purity hydrogen through a purification and separation process.

The processing time of the biomass gasification in the gasification furnace is 60min, and the biomass bodies with the same quantity are put into the gasification furnace at intervals of 3 min.

The catalytic conversion of the synthesis gas is positioned in the gasification furnace to run synchronously, and the synthesis gas with equal proportion and the biomass gasified in the gasification furnace are input to carry out mixed catalytic treatment.

And in the water-gas shift reaction, hydrogen production treatment is carried out on carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide through a water-gas reactor, and a catalyst is added to eliminate redundant carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide.

Wherein, the obtained hydrogen is purified by a separator, and the purity of the hydrogen is not lower than ninety nine percent.

The hydrogen gas is prepared by using gas generated by biomass gasification, modulating the biomass in a gas modulator after dedusting and decoking, and finally preparing the hydrogen gas meeting the requirement of the hydrogen combustion battery by using purification equipment.

And the hydrogen gas is subjected to device debugging and cold and hot state operation detection to implement hydrogen gas combustion quality detection.

Wherein the catalyst is specifically a cerium oxide-based water shift catalyst.

Above scheme is through utilizing the living beings gasification air feed, heat supply and living beings hydrogen manufacturing and with fuel cell integrated power supply, can realize distributed gas heat and electricity cogeneration system, be the important constitution of clean energy supply in the future, can realize regional fuel gas and heat supply simultaneously, reach and reduce enterprise energy consumption and energy cost, pollutant discharge and CO2 discharge, alleviate regional energy supply and demand contradictory effect, and through developing tar catalytic conversion catalyst, reduce living beings gas tar content, change the hydrocarbon of macromolecule in the tar into useful gas such as micromolecular hydrocarbon, reduce the formation of tar from the source, improve the efficiency of gasification and the calorific value of gasification product and realize very big purifying effect, and then effectual not enough among the prior art of having remedied.

Detailed Description

In the following, reference will be made to various embodiments of the invention. However, embodiments may be embodied in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. In other instances, well-known functions or constructions may not be described or shown in detail to avoid obscuring the subject matter of the present disclosure.

The first embodiment is as follows:

in this embodiment, the method includes the following steps: s1, biomass pretreatment: firstly, the biomass is baked, moisture contained in the biomass is removed, drying equipment is removed to heat and dry the biomass, and a biomass body is reserved, so that the biomass conversion efficiency is improved; s2, biomass reprocessing: the dried biomass body is superposed and recombined by a pressing mechanism, and the superposed biomass is concentrated and stored by a storage box to realize the purpose of batch conversion; s3, biomass purification treatment: the stored biomass is subjected to tar removal treatment, so that the content of tar in the biomass gas is reduced, macromolecular hydrocarbons in the tar are converted into useful gases such as micromolecular hydrocarbons, and the like, so that the generation of the tar is reduced from the source, and the gasification efficiency and the calorific value generated by gasification are improved; s4, biomass hydrogen production treatment: the biomass is gasified in the gasification furnace to obtain hydrogen, catalytic conversion is carried out by means of the synthesis gas, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide in synthesis are converted into hydrogen through water-gas shift reaction so as to obtain high-purity hydrogen through a purification and separation process, wherein the content of the carbon monoxide in the hydrogen is less than or equal to 15ppm, and a distributed gas-heat-electricity combined supply system can be realized by utilizing biomass gasification gas supply, heat supply, biomass hydrogen production and fuel cell integrated power supply.

Example two:

in this embodiment, the method includes the following steps: s1, biomass pretreatment: firstly, the biomass is baked, moisture contained in the biomass is removed, drying equipment is removed to heat and dry the biomass, and a biomass body is reserved, so that the biomass conversion efficiency is improved; s2, biomass reprocessing: the dried biomass body is superposed and recombined by a pressing mechanism, and the superposed biomass is concentrated and stored by a storage box to realize the purpose of batch conversion; s3, biomass purification treatment: the stored biomass is subjected to tar removal treatment, so that the content of tar in the biomass gas is reduced, macromolecular hydrocarbons in the tar are converted into useful gases such as micromolecular hydrocarbons, and the like, so that the generation of the tar is reduced from the source, and the gasification efficiency and the calorific value generated by gasification are improved; s4, biomass hydrogen production treatment: the method comprises the steps of gasifying biomass in a gasifier to obtain hydrogen, wherein the processing time of gasifying the biomass in the gasifier is 60min, putting an equal amount of biomass bodies into the gasifier at intervals of 3min, carrying out catalytic conversion by means of synthesis gas, converting carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide in synthesis into hydrogen through a water-gas shift reaction, and further carrying out a purification and separation process to obtain high-purity hydrogen, wherein the content of carbon monoxide in the hydrogen is less than or equal to 15 ppm.

Example three:

in this embodiment, the method includes the following steps: s1, biomass pretreatment: firstly, the biomass is baked, moisture contained in the biomass is removed, drying equipment is removed to heat and dry the biomass, and a biomass body is reserved, so that the biomass conversion efficiency is improved; s2, biomass reprocessing: the dried biomass body is superposed and recombined by a pressing mechanism, and the superposed biomass is concentrated and stored by a storage box to realize the purpose of batch conversion; s3, biomass purification treatment: the stored biomass is subjected to tar removal treatment, so that the content of tar in the biomass gas is reduced, macromolecular hydrocarbons in the tar are converted into useful gases such as micromolecular hydrocarbons, and the like, so that the generation of the tar is reduced from the source, and the gasification efficiency and the calorific value generated by gasification are improved; s4, biomass hydrogen production treatment: the method comprises the steps of gasifying biomass in a gasifier to obtain hydrogen, performing catalytic conversion by means of synthesis gas, wherein the catalyst is specifically a cerium oxide-based water shift catalyst, converting carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide in synthesis into hydrogen through a water-gas shift reaction, and then performing a purification and separation process to obtain high-purity hydrogen, wherein the content of the carbon monoxide in the hydrogen is less than or equal to 15 ppm.

Example four:

in this embodiment, the method includes the following steps: s1, biomass pretreatment: firstly, the biomass is baked, moisture contained in the biomass is removed, drying equipment is removed to heat and dry the biomass, and a biomass body is reserved, so that the biomass conversion efficiency is improved; s2, biomass reprocessing: the dried biomass body is superposed and recombined by a pressing mechanism, and the superposed biomass is concentrated and stored by a storage box to realize the purpose of batch conversion; s3, biomass purification treatment: the stored biomass is subjected to tar removal treatment, so that the content of tar in the biomass gas is reduced, macromolecular hydrocarbons in the tar are converted into useful gases such as micromolecular hydrocarbons, and the like, so that the generation of the tar is reduced from the source, and the gasification efficiency and the calorific value generated by gasification are improved; s4, biomass hydrogen production treatment: the biomass is gasified in a gasification furnace to obtain hydrogen, catalytic conversion is carried out by means of synthesis gas, the catalytic conversion of the synthesis gas is synchronously operated in the gasification furnace, the synthesis gas with equal proportion is input to carry out mixed catalytic treatment with the gasified biomass in the gasification furnace, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide in synthesis are converted into hydrogen through water-gas shift reaction, and then the hydrogen is purified and separated to obtain high-purity hydrogen, wherein the content of the carbon monoxide in the hydrogen is less than or equal to 15 ppm.

Example five:

in this embodiment, the method includes the following steps: s1, biomass pretreatment: firstly, the biomass is baked, moisture contained in the biomass is removed, drying equipment is removed to heat and dry the biomass, and a biomass body is reserved, so that the biomass conversion efficiency is improved; s2, biomass reprocessing: the dried biomass body is superposed and recombined by a pressing mechanism, and the superposed biomass is concentrated and stored by a storage box to realize the purpose of batch conversion; s3, biomass purification treatment: the stored biomass is subjected to tar removal treatment, so that the content of tar in the biomass gas is reduced, macromolecular hydrocarbons in the tar are converted into useful gases such as micromolecular hydrocarbons, and the like, so that the generation of the tar is reduced from the source, and the gasification efficiency and the calorific value generated by gasification are improved; s4, biomass hydrogen production treatment: the biomass is gasified in a gasification furnace to obtain hydrogen, catalytic conversion is carried out by means of synthesis gas, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide in synthesis are converted into hydrogen through a water-gas shift reaction so as to obtain high-purity hydrogen through a purification and separation process, wherein the content of the carbon monoxide in the hydrogen is less than or equal to 15ppm, the carbon monoxide and the carbon dioxide are subjected to hydrogen production treatment through a water-gas reaction instrument through the water-gas shift reaction, and a catalyst is added to eliminate redundant carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide.

Example six:

in this embodiment, the method includes the following steps: s1, biomass pretreatment: firstly, the biomass is baked, moisture contained in the biomass is removed, drying equipment is removed to heat and dry the biomass, and a biomass body is reserved, so that the biomass conversion efficiency is improved; s2, biomass reprocessing: the dried biomass body is superposed and recombined by a pressing mechanism, and the superposed biomass is concentrated and stored by a storage box to realize the purpose of batch conversion; s3, biomass purification treatment: the stored biomass is subjected to tar removal treatment, so that the content of tar in the biomass gas is reduced, macromolecular hydrocarbons in the tar are converted into useful gases such as micromolecular hydrocarbons, and the like, so that the generation of the tar is reduced from the source, and the gasification efficiency and the calorific value generated by gasification are improved; s4, biomass hydrogen production treatment: the method comprises the steps of gasifying biomass in a gasification furnace to obtain hydrogen, performing catalytic conversion by means of synthesis gas, converting carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide in synthesis into hydrogen through a water-gas shift reaction, and further performing a purification separation process to obtain high-purity hydrogen, wherein the content of the carbon monoxide in the hydrogen is less than or equal to 15ppm, purifying the obtained hydrogen by a separator, and the purity of the hydrogen is not less than ninety-nine percent, namely more than or equal to 99.99%.

Example seven:

in this embodiment, the method includes the following steps: s1, biomass pretreatment: firstly, the biomass is baked, moisture contained in the biomass is removed, drying equipment is removed to heat and dry the biomass, and a biomass body is reserved, so that the biomass conversion efficiency is improved; s2, biomass reprocessing: the dried biomass body is superposed and recombined by a pressing mechanism, and the superposed biomass is concentrated and stored by a storage box to realize the purpose of batch conversion; s3, biomass purification treatment: the stored biomass is subjected to tar removal treatment, so that the content of tar in the biomass gas is reduced, macromolecular hydrocarbons in the tar are converted into useful gases such as micromolecular hydrocarbons, and the like, so that the generation of the tar is reduced from the source, and the gasification efficiency and the calorific value generated by gasification are improved; s4, biomass hydrogen production treatment: the method comprises the steps of gasifying biomass in a gasifier to obtain hydrogen, performing catalytic conversion by means of synthesis gas, converting carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide in synthesis into hydrogen through a water-gas shift reaction, and further performing a purification separation process to obtain high-purity hydrogen, wherein the content of the carbon monoxide in the hydrogen is less than or equal to 15ppm, modulating the biomass in a gas modulator after dedusting and decoking the gas generated by biomass gasification by using the hydrogen, and finally preparing hydrogen for hydrogen combustion batteries by using purification equipment, wherein the efficiency of converting the biomass into the hydrogen and then converting the hydrogen in the hydrogen preparation process is more than or equal to 35%.

Example eight:

in this embodiment, the method includes the following steps: s1, biomass pretreatment: firstly, the biomass is baked, moisture contained in the biomass is removed, drying equipment is removed to heat and dry the biomass, and a biomass body is reserved, so that the biomass conversion efficiency is improved; s2, biomass reprocessing: the dried biomass body is superposed and recombined by a pressing mechanism, and the superposed biomass is concentrated and stored by a storage box to realize the purpose of batch conversion; s3, biomass purification treatment: the stored biomass is subjected to tar removal treatment, so that the content of tar in the biomass gas is reduced, macromolecular hydrocarbons in the tar are converted into useful gases such as micromolecular hydrocarbons, and the like, so that the generation of the tar is reduced from the source, and the gasification efficiency and the calorific value generated by gasification are improved; s4, biomass hydrogen production treatment: the biomass is gasified in a gasification furnace to obtain hydrogen, catalytic conversion is carried out by means of synthesis gas, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide in synthesis are converted into hydrogen through a water-gas shift reaction so as to obtain high-purity hydrogen through a purification and separation process, wherein the content of the carbon monoxide in the hydrogen is less than or equal to 15ppm, the hydrogen is subjected to hydrogen combustion quality detection through device debugging and cold and hot state operation detection, sulfur dioxide discharged by waste in the detection is less than or equal to 0.4mg/m3, nitrogen oxides are less than or equal to 0.12/m3, and particulate matters are less than or equal to 1.0mg/m 3.

In the several embodiments provided in the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the modules or units is only one logical division, and other divisions may be realized in practice, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.