阅读说明：本技术 一种模拟住宅区沥青路面热岛效应的测温装置 (Temperature measuring device for simulating heat island effect of bituminous pavement in residential area ) 是由 侯曙光 张东 于 2019-09-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明是一种模拟住宅区沥青路面热岛效应的测温装置,装置包括环境箱、热电阻、沥青混凝土板、水泥混凝土立方块、绿色纸板、模拟光源、灯架。环境箱与外界隔热；热电阻测量环境箱内不同位置的温度；沥青混凝土板模拟沥青路面；水泥混凝土立方块模拟房屋建筑,通过或密或疏的布置来模拟不同建筑密度的住宅区；绿色纸板模拟住宅区的绿地,与混凝土块结合使用；模拟光源采用碘钨灯,起到加热作用；灯架固定光源,并可调节光源的入射角度。该装置可根据测试需要,自由组合沥青混凝土板、水泥混凝土块和绿色纸板,满足各种建筑分布类型。通过热电阻测出多个位置的温度,从而得出住宅区的温度分布。(The invention relates to a temperature measuring device for simulating a heat island effect of an asphalt pavement in a residential area. The environment box is insulated from the outside; the thermal resistor measures the temperature of different positions in the environment box; the asphalt concrete slab simulates an asphalt pavement; the cement concrete cube simulates a house building, and residential areas with different building densities are simulated through dense or sparse arrangement; the green paperboard simulates the green land of a residential area and is used in combination with the concrete blocks; the simulated light source adopts a iodine-tungsten lamp to play a role in heating; the lamp bracket fixes the light source and can adjust the incident angle of the light source. The device can freely combine the asphalt concrete plate, the cement concrete block and the green paper board according to the test requirements, and various building distribution types are met. The temperature of a plurality of positions is measured by the thermal resistor, so that the temperature distribution of the residential area is obtained.)

1. The utility model provides a temperature measuring device of simulation residential district heat island effect which characterized in that: the device comprises an environment box, a thermal resistor, an asphalt concrete plate, a cement concrete cube, a green paperboard, a simulation light source and a lamp bracket.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the environment box is internally and externally coated with heat insulation coating, namely composite magnesium aluminum silicate heat insulation coating, so that heat exchange inside and outside the environment box is isolated, and the temperature in the environment box is not interfered by external conditions. The ground in the environment box is formed by splicing a plurality of asphalt concrete plates.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the quantity and the size of the cement concrete cube can be made again according to actual needs. The turf is replaced by green paper boards, the green paper boards are paved on the surface of the asphalt concrete slab, and gaps can be reserved between the paper boards, and the gaps are the asphalt concrete pavement.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the simulated light source adopts a iodine tungsten lamp, a steel plate is welded on the rear cover of the lampshade, and two holes are drilled on the side surface of the steel plate. The lamp bracket comprises 4 cuboid stands and two semicircular steel pipes for fixing the iodine-tungsten lamp, a hole is reserved on the steel pipe, the hole is overlapped with the hole on the steel plate of the iodine-tungsten lamp, and the circular rod with the appropriate diameter is inserted and fixed, so that the iodine-tungsten lamp can be fixed, and different irradiation heights and angles can be selected according to requirements.

5. The device according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that: and arranging hollow truncated cone-shaped sleeves at the intersection of the asphalt concrete slabs. The sleeve top is arranged in to thermal resistance temperature sensing probe, adopts the sleeve of different length can realize the temperature test of different height departments in the environment case. The thermal resistor is connected with a computer through a data acquisition module, and automatically reads and records temperature data.

6. The apparatus according to claims 2 and 5, characterized in that: the method is characterized in that an insulated wire is hung on the top of the environment box, the wire end is flush with the top end of the concrete cube, and a plurality of thermometers are uniformly distributed upwards from the wire end and used for detecting the influence of the simulated light source on the air temperature between the light source and the concrete cube in the environment box.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a temperature measuring device for a residential area asphalt pavement heat island effect, and belongs to the field of urban residential area heat island effect evaluation.

Background

Along with the rapid development of economy, the urbanization pace is faster and faster. In order to meet the increasing urban living and traffic demands, the building density is continuously improved, and the road area is continuously increased, so that the heat island effect of the city in summer is increasingly remarkable, the comfort level of a human body is seriously reduced, and the physical health of residents is harmed.

At present, in order to evaluate the urban heat island effect, a meteorological data acquisition device, an infrared image acquisition device and a suburban temperature acquisition device are generally adopted to test temperature, wind speed and the like. These devices suffer from several drawbacks:

(1) the test is outdoor actual measurement, the weather condition is greatly influenced, and the wind speed, the solar incident angle and the like can greatly influence the test result. For a group of measured data, the repeatability test under the same wind speed, incident angle or weather condition can not be carried out, namely the test result can not be repeated;

(2) the actual measurement can only test the existing building scale, and the influence of the building density, the greening degree and the road area on the urban heat island effect under the same condition cannot be analyzed;

(3) the labor amount is large, and the urban and suburban areas need to be tested simultaneously, so that the labor is consumed;

(4) the test cost is high and the meteorological and infrared image acquisition devices are expensive.

Therefore, it is necessary to invent a heat island effect testing device which is economical and effective, can be repeatedly used and can simulate various building distributions.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to test the heat island effect under different building distributions, green lands and road surface areas of residential areas, and comprehensively and accurately analyze and evaluate the influence of the building density, the greening degree and the asphalt road surface area on the heat island effect.

The invention aims to provide a residential area model capable of freely combining buildings, greenbelts and asphalt pavements, on the basis of which the temperature change under the irradiation of sunlight is simulated, and the influence of the convection heat transfer of a light source through air on the model is avoided.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical solution:

a temperature measuring device for simulating a residential area heat island effect comprises an environment box, a thermal resistor, a concrete cube, a green paperboard, a simulation light source and a lamp bracket. The inside and outside of the environmental box are coated with heat insulating paint, namely composite aluminum magnesium silicate heat insulating paint, so as to isolate heat exchange inside and outside the environmental box. The ground in the environment box is formed by splicing a plurality of asphalt concrete plates with the length, the width and the height of 30cm and 5 cm.

Furthermore, the number and the size of the concrete cube can be manufactured according to actual needs. The turf is replaced by green paper boards, each paper board is the same in size and thickness and is paved on the surface of the asphalt concrete slab, and a gap can be reserved between the paper boards, namely the asphalt concrete pavement.

Specifically, the lamp holder comprises 4 cuboid stand columns and two semicircular steel pipes and is used for fixing the iodine-tungsten lamp, holes are reserved in the steel pipes, and each hole corresponds to a corresponding radian and is used for setting the incident angle of the simulated light source. The simulated light source adopts a iodine tungsten lamp, a steel plate is welded on the rear cover of the lampshade, holes are drilled in the middle of the side face of the steel plate, the diameter of each hole is the same as that of the lamp holder, and the distance between the holes in the steel plate is determined according to the distance between the reserved holes in the lamp holder. The holes are overlapped with the holes on the lamp holder and are inserted and fixed by a round rod with proper diameter. Fixed at different positions, the corresponding incident angles of the iodine-tungsten lamp are different.

More specifically, a truncated cone shaped sleeve is arranged in the environment box at the intersection of each asphalt concrete slab, and the length of the sleeve does not exceed the height of the concrete cube. The diameter of the top end of the sleeve is slightly smaller than the diameter of the thermal resistance temperature sensing head and larger than the diameter of the thermal resistance wire. The thermal resistance temperature sensing probe is arranged at the top end of the sleeve, and the temperature tests at different heights in the environment box can be realized by using the sleeves with different lengths. The thermal resistor is connected with a computer through a data acquisition module, and automatically reads and records temperature data.

And the top of the environment box is hung with an insulated wire, the wire end is flush with the top end of the cement concrete cube, and a plurality of thermometers are uniformly distributed from the wire end and used for detecting the influence of the simulation light source on the air temperature in the environment box.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the test process of the test of the invention is completed in a large environment box, and all relevant test conditions are controllable. The iodine-tungsten lamp is adopted to simulate the solar light source, is not limited by test conditions in actual measurement, has small labor amount and can be operated by a single person;

(2) the system can simulate the distribution conditions of various types of residential buildings, can freely set the area proportions of buildings, greenbelt and roads, and can compare the influence of the three influence factors on the urban heat island effect under the same test condition;

the foregoing is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to more clearly understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the following is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of the apparatus;

FIG. 2 is a top view of the apparatus;

FIG. 3 is a left side view of the apparatus;

FIG. 4 is an oblique view of the apparatus;

FIG. 5 is a view of a iodine tungsten lamp;

FIG. 6 is a diagram of a sleeve and a thermal resistor;

reference numeral, 1-environmental chamber; 2-semicircular lamp brackets; 3-simulating a light source; 4-concrete cubes; 5-green paperboard; 6-asphalt concrete slabs; 7-a sleeve; 8-hanging a thermometer; 9-lamp holder circular tube hole; 10-a cuboid column; 11-a steel plate; 12-steel plate holes; 13-thermal resistance temperature sensing probe; 14-thermal resistance wire.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.

Referring to fig. 1-3, the temperature measuring device for simulating the heat island effect of the residential area comprises an environment box 1, a semicircular lamp holder 2 is erected in the environment box, a simulation light source 3 is fixed on the lamp holder, a cement concrete cube 4 simulating a building and a green paperboard 5 simulating a grassland are arranged under the light source, the ground of the environment box is composed of an asphalt concrete slab 6, and the temperature in the environment box is monitored through a thermal resistor 13 and a suspension thermometer 8.

In the embodiment, the length, the width and the height of the environment box 1 are respectively 180cm, 180cm and 160cm, the thickness is 2cm, the composite aluminum-magnesium silicate heat insulation coating is coated inside and outside the environment box, and the thickness of the coating is 0.5 cm.

The semicircular lamp holder 2 is formed by bending two steel pipes with the diameter of 5cm into a semicircle with the radius of 95cm, and is erected on the cuboid upright posts 10 on the two sides of the environment box, and the joint is welded. And drilling holes 9 with the aperture of 0.5cm at the positions of the semicircular lamp holders with the radian of 25 degrees, 35 degrees, 55 degrees, 65 degrees, 85 degrees, 95 degrees, 115 degrees, 125 degrees, 145 degrees and 155 degrees, and inserting steel bar fixing supports with corresponding diameters.

The simulation light source 3 adopts a 1000W iodine tungsten lamp, a steel plate 11 with the length, width and thickness of 25cm, 15cm and 2cm is welded on the rear cover of the lampshade, a hole 12 is drilled in the middle of the steel plate, the diameter of the hole is 0.5cm, the distance is 16.56cm, the distance is 10 degrees at the vertex angle, the length of the bottom side of an isosceles triangle with the waist length of 95cm is also the linear distance between two adjacent holes on the lamp bracket. Taking holes at 25 degrees and 35 degrees as examples, the hole 12 of the steel plate on the iodine tungsten lamp cover is overlapped with the hole 9 at 25 degrees and 35 degrees, and a proper steel bar is inserted and fixed, and the irradiation angle of the iodine tungsten lamp at the position is 30 degrees. Similarly, the corresponding incident angles of the rest positions are respectively 60 degrees, 90 degrees, 120 degrees and 150 degrees.

The concrete cubic blocks 4 are solid cement concrete, the length, width and height are 8cm, 10cm and 25cm, and the total number is 8. The green paperboard size was 10cm × 10cm, totaling 324. The length and width of the asphalt concrete slabs 6 forming the ground are both 30cm and 5cm, the grading is OGFC-13, and the total number is 36.

The round platform shape sleeve 7, bottom surface radius 1cm, top surface radius 0.1cm set up 5 kinds of heights: 5cm, 10cm, 15cm, 20cm, 25cm sleeves of each height. The thermal resistor is PT100 type, and is composed of a temperature sensing probe 13 and a lead 14, the radius of the temperature sensing probe is slightly larger than that of the top surface of the sleeve, and the lead penetrates through a gap between asphalt concrete slabs and is finally connected with a data acquisition instrument.

And the hanging thermometer 8 is used for detecting the influence of the simulated light source on the temperature of the air in the environment box. The closer to the light source, the higher the air temperature. The insulated wire was hung on the top of the environmental chamber with the bottom end flush with the top end of the concrete cube, for a total length of 130 cm. From the bottom, every 30cm, a total of 4 thermometers were hung. When the value of the thermometer at the bottom exceeds the highest temperature of the city in summer, the heating is stopped to avoid the interference of hot air. The device plans the maximum temperature of the summer city to be 40 ℃.

A temperature test method for a residential area heat island effect is characterized by comprising the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: setting the building area, the grassland area and the road area as a, b and c, and reasonably arranging the positions of concrete cubes, green paperboards and paperboard gaps according to the structural distribution of the actual residential area.

Step two: and selecting the solar incident angle to be simulated, and fixing the simulated light source. The height required to be measured by the thermal resistor is selected, and sleeves with corresponding heights are arranged at the gaps of the asphalt concrete plates to avoid the gaps shielded by the concrete cubes and the green paperboards.

Step three: the hanging thermometer temperature was recorded and the computer was turned on to record the value of all thermal resistances. And standing for a period of time, and turning on the simulation light source when the temperature values of the four suspended thermometers are basically consistent.

Step four: when the lowest hanging thermometer value reached 40 ℃, the simulated light source was turned off. The temperature data is derived by a computer and is drawn into a temperature image 1.

Step five: and keeping the rest conditions unchanged, changing the proportion of the building area, the grassland area and the road area, repeating the test steps, and drawing a temperature image 2.

Step six: images 1 and 2 were compared to analyze the effect of different proportions of building area, grass area and road area on the temperature of the residential area.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.