阅读说明：本技术 玻璃、夹层玻璃 (Glass and laminated glass ) 是由 定金骏介 中村辽太 平野明 于 2019-06-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本玻璃为车辆用玻璃,具有：玻璃板、在所述玻璃板中界定出的、JIS标准R3212所规定的试验区域A、在俯视时设置于所述试验区域A外侧的遮蔽层、在设置于所述遮蔽层的开口部内界定出的、供搭载于车辆内的设备发送和/或接收信号的信号收发区域、在俯视时位于所述信号收发区域的周边、具备在俯视时与所述遮蔽层重叠的部分的红外线反射层,所述试验区域A的太阳光透射率为60％以下,所述信号收发区域周边的设置有所述红外线反射层的区域的太阳光反射率比所述试验区域A的太阳光反射率大5％以上。(The glass for a vehicle is provided with: the solar cell module includes a glass plate, a test area A defined in the glass plate and defined by JIS standard R3212, a shielding layer provided outside the test area A in a plan view, a signal transmission/reception area defined in an opening provided in the shielding layer and used for transmitting and/or receiving a signal from a device mounted in a vehicle, and an infrared reflective layer located around the signal transmission/reception area in a plan view and including a portion overlapping with the shielding layer, wherein the solar transmittance of the test area A is 60% or less, and the solar reflectance of an area provided with the infrared reflective layer around the signal transmission/reception area is 5% or more greater than the solar reflectance of the test area A.)

1. A glass for a vehicle, comprising:

a glass plate,

A test area A defined in the glass plate and defined in JIS standard R3212,

A shielding layer disposed outside the test region A in a plan view,

A signal transmitting/receiving area defined in an opening provided in the shielding layer and used for transmitting and/or receiving signals from/to a device mounted in the vehicle,

An infrared reflection layer located around the signal transmission/reception region in a plan view and having a portion overlapping the shielding layer in a plan view,

the test area A has a solar transmittance of 60% or less,

the sunlight reflectivity of the area, which is provided with the infrared reflection layer and is arranged around the signal transmitting and receiving area, is more than 5% larger than that of the test area A.

2. The glazing of claim 1, wherein the infrared-reflective layer is an infrared-reflective coating or an infrared-reflective film.

3. The glass according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a solar reflectance of a region in which the infrared-reflective layer is provided is 55% or more.

4. The glass according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a visible light reflectance of a region where the infrared reflective layer is provided is 98% or less.

5. The glass according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a solar reflectance in a region where the infrared-reflective layer is provided is 99% or less.

6. The glazing of any of claims 1-5, wherein the region in which the infrared-reflecting layer is disposed has a visible light transmittance of less than 70% except for the obscuring layer.

7. The glazing of any of claims 1-6, wherein the solar reflectance of the region around the signaling region where the infrared reflective layer is disposed is greater than the solar reflectance of test region A by at least 15%.

8. The glazing of any of claims 1-7, wherein an end of the infrared reflective layer is rearward, as viewed in plan, than an end of the obscuring layer.

9. A laminated glass for a vehicle comprising the glass according to any one of claims 1 to 8, an interlayer film and a 2 nd glass plate, wherein the glass plate and the 2 nd glass plate are bonded to each other with an interlayer interposed therebetween,

the shielding layer is provided on a surface on the vehicle interior side of the vehicle interior side glass plate which becomes the vehicle interior side when the laminated glass is mounted on the vehicle, of the glass plate and the 2 nd glass plate,

the infrared reflection layer is disposed at a position closer to the vehicle outer side than the shielding layer.

10. A laminated glass for a vehicle comprising the glass according to any one of claims 1 to 8, an interlayer film and a 2 nd glass plate, wherein the glass plate and the 2 nd glass plate are bonded to each other with an interlayer interposed therebetween,

the infrared reflection layer is provided on a surface on the vehicle interior side of the vehicle exterior glass plate that becomes the vehicle exterior side when the laminated glass is mounted on the vehicle, of the glass plate and the 2 nd glass plate,

the shielding layer is arranged on the surface of the infrared reflection layer on the inner side of the vehicle.

11. A laminated glass for a vehicle comprising the glass according to any one of claims 1 to 8, an interlayer film and a 2 nd glass plate, wherein the glass plate and the 2 nd glass plate are bonded to each other with an interlayer interposed therebetween,

the shielding layer includes: of the glass plate and the 2 nd glass plate, a 1 st shielding layer provided on a surface on the vehicle interior side of a vehicle interior side glass plate which becomes the vehicle interior side when the laminated glass is mounted on a vehicle, and a 2 nd shielding layer provided on a surface on the vehicle interior side of a vehicle exterior side glass plate which becomes the vehicle exterior side when the laminated glass is mounted on a vehicle,

the 1 st shielding layer includes: a peripheral edge region provided on a peripheral edge portion of a vehicle interior surface of the vehicle interior glass panel, a protruding portion protruding from the peripheral edge region toward the test region A in a plan view,

the opening part is arranged on the protruding part,

the infrared reflection layer is arranged between the 1 st shielding layer and the 2 nd shielding layer,

the area of the infrared reflection layer not overlapping with the 2 nd shielding layer in a plan view is 20% or more of the area of the protrusion.

12. The laminated glass according to claim 11, wherein the 2 nd shielding layer is disposed along at least a part of a peripheral edge portion of the protruding portion in a plan view.

13. The laminated glass according to any one of claims 9 to 12, wherein a visible light transmittance of an exterior glass sheet that becomes an exterior side of a vehicle when the laminated glass is mounted on the vehicle, of the glass sheet and the 2 nd glass sheet, is 86% or more.

Technical Field

The present invention relates to glass and laminated glass.

Background

In recent years, for the purpose of improving the safety of a vehicle, a vehicle having a function of automatically avoiding a collision with a vehicle or a pedestrian running ahead has been developed. Such a vehicle is equipped with a device such as a camera in the vehicle, and transmits and receives information such as road conditions through a glass (e.g., a front window glass) of the vehicle (see, for example, patent document 1).

Devices such as cameras are attached to the glass of a vehicle through a mount, but the adhesive used for attaching the mount is degraded by ultraviolet rays, and in order to prevent this degradation, a shielding layer (for example, a black ceramic layer) is sometimes formed on the glass of the vehicle.

Documents of the prior art

Patent document

Patent document 1: international publication No. 2016/129699

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved by the invention

However, when the shielding layer is formed on the glass of the vehicle, the temperature of the glass of the vehicle increases because the shielding layer absorbs solar heat. Further, the radiation heat caused by the temperature rise of the glass of the vehicle may cause the temperature rise of the device, and the induction performance of the device may be impaired.

On the other hand, it is necessary to suppress not only the temperature rise of the device but also the temperature rise in the room caused by the inflow of solar heat from the glass. Further, it is necessary to satisfy safety such as radio wave transparency as a vehicle glass.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a safe vehicle glass in which the induction performance of the device is not easily impaired by heat, and the indoor temperature can be suppressed.

Technical scheme for solving technical problem

The glass for a vehicle comprises: the solar cell module includes a glass plate, a test area A defined in the glass plate and defined by JIS standard R3212, a shielding layer provided outside the test area A in a plan view, a signal transmission/reception area defined in an opening provided in the shielding layer and used for transmitting and/or receiving a signal from a device mounted in a vehicle, and an infrared reflective layer located around the signal transmission/reception area in a plan view and including a portion overlapping with the shielding layer, wherein the solar transmittance of the test area A is 60% or less, and the solar reflectance of an area provided with the infrared reflective layer around the signal transmission/reception area is 5% or more greater than the solar reflectance of the test area A.

Effects of the invention

According to the disclosed embodiment, it is possible to provide a safe vehicle glass in which the induction performance of the device is not easily impaired by heat, and the indoor temperature can be suppressed.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a view illustrating a vehicle windshield according to embodiment 1.

Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating the vicinity of the signal transmission/reception area according to embodiment 1.

Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view (1) illustrating the vicinity of a signal transmission/reception region in modification 1 of embodiment 1.

Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view (2) illustrating the vicinity of a signal transmission/reception region in modification 1 of embodiment 1.

Fig. 5 is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view (3) illustrating the vicinity of a signal transmission/reception region in modification 1 of embodiment 1.

Fig. 6 is a diagram illustrating the vicinity of a signal transmission/reception area in modification 2 of embodiment 1.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view illustrating the vicinity of a signal transmission/reception area in modification 3 of embodiment 1.

FIG. 8 is a diagram (1) illustrating examples and comparative examples.

Fig. 9 shows a diagram (2) illustrating an example and a comparative example.

Fig. 10 is a diagram (3) illustrating examples and comparative examples.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description may be omitted. In addition, in the drawings, the size and shape may be partially enlarged to facilitate understanding of the contents of the present invention.

Although the vehicle windshield is described here as an example, the present invention is not limited to this. The vehicle is typically an automobile, but is considered to be a moving object having glass, including trains, ships, airplanes, and the like.

The planar shape is a shape obtained by viewing the predetermined region of the windshield glass from the normal direction of the predetermined region. In the present specification, the top and bottom are the Z-axis direction of the drawings, and the left and right are the Y-axis direction of the drawings.

The solar light transmittance in the present invention is JIS 3106: 1998, also referred to as Te.

The solar reflectance in the present invention is JIS 3106: 1998, hereinafter also referred to as Re.

The visible light reflectance in the present invention is JIS 3106: 1998 specified values.

The visible light transmittance in the present invention is JIS 3106: 1998, also referred to as Tv.

(embodiment 1)

Fig. 1 is a view illustrating a vehicle windshield according to embodiment 1, and fig. 1(a) is a view schematically showing a state in which the windshield is recognized from the inside to the outside of the vehicle compartment (in a state in which the windshield 20 is attached to the vehicle with the Z direction being upward). Fig. 1(b) is a cross-sectional view of the windshield 20 shown in fig. 1(a) taken in the XZ direction and viewed from the Y direction. In fig. 1(b), the device 300 is illustrated together with the windshield 20 for convenience, but the device 300 is not a constituent element of the windshield 20.

Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating the vicinity of the signal transmission/reception area according to embodiment 1, fig. 2(a) is a partially enlarged plan view schematically showing a state in which the vicinity of the signal transmission/reception area is recognized from the inside to the outside of the vehicle cabin, and fig. 2(b) is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 2 (a).

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the windshield 20 is a laminated glass for a vehicle having a glass plate 21, a glass plate 22, an interlayer 23, a shielding layer 24, and an infrared-ray reflective layer 25.

The glass plate 21 is an interior glass plate that becomes the interior side when the windshield 20 is mounted on the vehicle. The glass plate 22 is a vehicle exterior glass plate that becomes a vehicle exterior side when the windshield 20 is mounted on the vehicle. The glass plate 21 and the glass plate 22 are bonded to each other with an intermediate film 23 and an infrared reflection layer 25 interposed therebetween. The intermediate film 23 may be formed of a multilayer intermediate film. The glass plate 21, the glass plate 22, and the interlayer film 23 will be described in detail later.

The shielding layer 24 includes: a peripheral edge portion 241 provided at a peripheral edge portion of the vehicle interior surface 21a of the glass plate 21, and a protruding portion 242 protruding from the peripheral edge portion 241 toward a test area a described later in a plan view. The shielding layer 24 is an opaque layer, and may be formed by applying a printing pigment of a predetermined color to a glass surface and firing the applied pigment. The masking layer 24 is, for example, an opaque (e.g., black) colored ceramic layer. The presence of the opaque shielding layer 24 on the windshield 20 can suppress deterioration due to ultraviolet rays, such as a resin such as urethane that holds the peripheral edge portion of the windshield 20 to the vehicle body, and an adhesive member that attaches the bracket of the engaging device 300 to the windshield 20. The masking layer 24 may be a colored interlayer film having a light-shielding property, a colored film, a combination of a colored interlayer film and a colored ceramic layer. The colored film may be integrated with an infrared-ray reflective film described later.

The windshield 20 defines a test area a defined in JIS standard R3212. Further, a signal transmission/reception area 26 is defined in the windshield 20. The test area a is located inside the area surrounded by the shielding layer 24 in a plan view, and the signal transmission/reception area 26 is defined in the opening provided in the protruding portion 242 of the shielding layer 24.

When the device 300 is disposed at the upper edge portion of the windshield 20 in the vehicle, the signal transmission/reception area 26 functions as an area where the device 300 transmits and/or receives signals. The planar shape of the signal transmission/reception region 26 is not particularly limited, and is, for example, an isosceles trapezoid. In order to facilitate transmission and/or reception of signals while not limiting the field of view of the driver when the windshield 20 is mounted on the vehicle, the signal transmission/reception area 26 is preferably located on the upper side of the test area a.

The device 300 is a device that transmits and/or receives a signal, and examples thereof include a camera that captures visible light, infrared light, and the like, a millimeter wave radar, an infrared laser, and the like. In addition to the device 300, other devices that transmit and/or receive signals through the signaling region 26 may be configured within the vehicle. The "signal" herein means an electromagnetic wave including a millimeter wave, visible light, infrared light, and the like.

The solar light transmittance of the test region a of the windshield 20 is 60% or less. With this configuration, the inflow of solar heat into the vehicle interior can be suppressed, and the passenger does not easily feel a tingling sensation due to solar heat.

The infrared-ray reflective layer 25 is a layer having a function of reflecting infrared rays irradiated to the windshield 20, and is enclosed in the interlayer film 23, laminated on a glass plate, or the like. The infrared reflection layer 25 is configured to be enclosed in the interlayer film 23 by being sandwiched between 2 pieces of interlayer films, for example. The infrared ray reflective layer 25 is located closer to the vehicle outside than the shielding layer 24 in a cross-sectional view. The infrared reflection layer 25 is located around the signal transmission/reception region 26 in a plan view. The infrared reflective layer 25 may extend from the periphery of the signal transmission/reception region 26 to other regions. The infrared-reflective layer 25 may extend over the entire test area a or the entire windshield 20, for example.

The infrared-ray reflective layer 25 is, for example, an infrared-ray reflective film or an infrared-ray reflective coating. Examples of the material of the infrared-ray reflective layer 25 include: and a material having a layer containing silver as a main component as a metal layer. The infrared ray reflective film can be produced, for example, by forming a layer having an infrared ray reflective function such as silver on a film such as polyethylene terephthalate. The infrared reflective coating layer can be formed by forming a film on a glass plate by a known method.

The infrared reflective layer 25 includes a portion overlapping the protrusion 242 in a plan view. An end 25e on the inner peripheral side of the infrared reflection layer 25 in a plan view₁And an outer peripheral end 25e₂Preferably, the inner peripheral end 241e of the protrusion 242₁And an outer peripheral end portion 241e₂The distance is about several mm from the back, for example, 1mm or more from the back. This makes it possible to prevent the infrared reflective layer 25 from being recognized from the vehicle interior side (the edge of the infrared reflective layer 25 is hidden to improve the design property), and also to suppress the occurrence of the see-through distortion.

The solar reflectance of the region around the signal transmission/reception region 26 in which the infrared reflection layer 25 is provided is greater than the solar reflectance of the test region a by 5% or more. By providing such an arrangement, the infrared reflecting layer 25 reflects infrared rays contained in sunlight or the like around the signal transmission/reception area 26, and therefore, it is possible to suppress a temperature rise of the shielding layer 24 due to irradiation and absorption of infrared rays by the shielding layer 24 disposed on the vehicle interior side with respect to the infrared reflecting layer 25. As a result, since the amount of heat inflow to the vehicle interior side of the signal transmission/reception area 26 decreases, even if the device 300 is disposed on the vehicle interior side of the signal transmission/reception area 26, the temperature rise of the device 300 can be suppressed, and the device 300 can operate normally.

The solar reflectance of the region in which the infrared reflective layer 25 is provided around the signal transmission/reception region 26 is preferably 10% or more, and more preferably 15% or more greater than the solar reflectance of the test region a. This further reduces the amount of heat flowing into the inside of the signal transmission/reception area 26, and therefore, the temperature rise of the device 300 can be further suppressed.

The solar reflectance of the region in which the infrared reflective layer 25 is provided around the signal transmission/reception region 26 is preferably 55% or more, more preferably 60% or more, and still more preferably 65% or more. With this arrangement, the amount of heat inflow to the vehicle interior side of the signal transmission/reception area 26 can be reduced to a sufficient value.

The solar reflectance of the region in which the infrared reflective layer 25 is provided around the signal transmission/reception region 26 is preferably 99% or less, and preferably 98% or less. The reason for this is that when the solar reflectance is set to 99% or less, the visible light reflectance can be reduced, and the passengers of the oncoming vehicle are less likely to feel dizzy by the light reflected by the infrared reflective layer 25.

The visible light reflectance of the region around the signal transmission/reception region 26 in which the infrared-ray reflective layer 25 is provided is preferably 98% or less. With this arrangement, the passengers of the oncoming vehicle are less likely to feel dizzy by the visible light reflected from the infrared ray reflective layer 25 to the outside of the vehicle.

Further, the visible light transmittance of the region provided with the infrared ray reflective layer 25 around the signal transmission/reception region 26 excluding the shielding layer 24 may be less than 70%. That is, the test area a requires a visible light transmittance of 70% or more in terms of regulations, but since the signal transmission/reception area 26 does not require this, the performance of reflecting infrared rays is emphasized, and the visible light transmittance may be less than 70%.

The visible light transmittance of the glass plate 22 is preferably 86% or more. By setting the visible light transmittance of the glass plate 22 located on the vehicle outer side of the infrared reflective layer 25 to 86% or more, the absorption of infrared rays by the glass plate 22 can be suppressed, and the effect of the infrared reflective layer can be improved. Therefore, the infrared rays reflected by the infrared reflecting layer 25 toward the vehicle exterior side are absorbed by the glass plate 22, and the temperature rise of the glass plate 22 can be suppressed.

In view of the radio wave transparency of the windshield 20, the infrared reflective layer is preferably not present in the test region a. In particular, if the infrared reflection layer includes a layer containing a metal as a main component, the radio wave transmittance may be impaired. In order to ensure sufficient radio wave transmittance, a part of the infrared reflective layer extending to the test area a may be subjected to a coating removal treatment or the like, but the process becomes troublesome. Even in the case where the infrared reflective layer is not present in the test area a, if, for example, the glass plate of the windshield 20 is made of green glass, sufficient infrared shielding performance can be obtained in the test area a.

Here, the glass plate 21, the glass plate 22, and the interlayer film 23 are described in detail.

In the windshield 20, a surface 21a on the vehicle interior side of the glass plate 21 (inner surface of the windshield 20) and a surface 22a on the vehicle exterior side of the glass plate 22 (outer surface of the windshield 20) may be flat or curved.

As the glass plates 21 and 22, for example, inorganic glass such as soda-lime glass and aluminosilicate glass, organic glass, or the like can be used. When the glass plates 21 and 22 are inorganic glass, they can be produced by, for example, a float process. When the glass plates 21 and 22 are soda lime glass, transparent glass, green glass containing a predetermined amount or more of iron component, and UV cut green glass can be suitably used.

The thickness of the glass plate 22 located outside the windshield 20 is preferably 1.8mm to 3mm at the thinnest portion. The glass plate 22 has a sufficient strength such as flyrock resistance when the plate thickness is 1.8mm or more, and the laminated glass is preferably used in terms of fuel efficiency of a vehicle, since the mass of the laminated glass is not excessively large when the plate thickness is 3mm or less. The thinnest portion of the glass plate 22 is more preferably 1.8mm to 2.8mm, and still more preferably 1.8mm to 2.6 mm.

The thickness of the glass plate 21 positioned inside the windshield 20 is preferably 0.3mm to 2.3 mm. The glass plate 21 has a plate thickness of 0.3mm or more so as to improve the workability, and 2.3mm or less so as not to excessively increase the mass of the windshield 20.

By setting the thickness of the glass sheet 21 to 0.3mm or more and 2.3mm or less, the glass quality (e.g., residual stress) can be maintained. The thickness of the glass plate 21 is set to 0.3mm or more and 2.3mm or less, and it is particularly effective for maintaining the glass quality of glass having a large curvature. The thickness of the glass plate 21 is more preferably 0.5mm to 2.1mm, and still more preferably 0.7mm to 1.9 mm.

However, the plate thicknesses of the glass plates 21 and 22 may not be constant but may be varied in different places as needed. For example, one or both of the glass plates 21 and 22 may have a region in which the thickness of the upper end side in the vertical direction is thicker than the lower end side in the vertical direction when the windshield 20 is mounted on the vehicle, and the cross-sectional view angle is wedge-shaped.

When the windshield 20 has a curved shape, the glass sheets 21 and 22 are curved after forming by float process or the like and before being bonded by the interlayer film 23. The glass is softened by heating to be bent. The glass is heated at a temperature of about 550 to 700 ℃ during bending.

As the interlayer film 23 for bonding the glass plate 21 and the glass plate 22, a thermoplastic resin is generally used, and examples thereof include: thermoplastic resins conventionally used for such applications, such as plasticized polyvinyl acetal resins, plasticized polyvinyl chloride resins, saturated polyester resins, plasticized saturated polyester resins, polyurethane resins, plasticized polyurethane resins, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resins, and ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer resins. Further, a resin composition containing a hydrogenated modified block copolymer described in Japanese patent No. 6065221 can also be suitably used.

Among them, plasticized polyvinyl acetal resins are preferably used in view of excellent balance among various properties such as transparency, weather resistance, strength, adhesive strength, penetration resistance, impact absorption, moisture resistance, heat insulation, and sound insulation. Such thermoplastic resins may be used alone or in combination of 2 or more. The "plasticization" in the plasticized polyvinyl acetal resin means that the resin can be plasticized by adding a plasticizer. The same meaning is also indicated for other plasticizing resins.

Examples of the polyvinyl acetal resin include: polyvinyl formal resins obtained by reacting polyvinyl alcohol (hereinafter, also referred to as "PVA" as appropriate) with formaldehyde, polyvinyl acetal resins in a narrow sense obtained by reacting PVA with acetaldehyde, and polyvinyl butyral resins obtained by reacting PVA with n-butyraldehyde (hereinafter, also referred to as "PVB" as appropriate), and among these, PVB is particularly preferably used from the viewpoint of excellent balance among various properties such as transparency, weather resistance, strength, adhesion, penetration resistance, impact absorption resistance, moisture resistance, heat insulation, and sound insulation. These polyvinyl acetal resins may be used alone or in combination of 2 or more. However, the material forming the intermediate film 23 is not limited to the thermoplastic resin. The thickness of the intermediate film 23 is preferably 0.5mm or more at the thinnest portion. When the thickness of the interlayer film 23 is 0.5mm or more, the penetration resistance necessary for the windshield glass is sufficient. The thickness of the intermediate film 23 is preferably 3mm or less at the thickest part. When the maximum thickness of the interlayer film 23 is 3mm or less, the quality of the laminated glass is not excessively high. The maximum value of the intermediate film 23 is more preferably 2.8mm or less, and still more preferably 2.6mm or less. The intermediate film 23 may be wedge-shaped in cross-sectional viewing angle, for example, for the suitability of a head-up display.

In addition, the intermediate film 23 may have 3 or more layers. For example, the sound-insulating property of the laminated glass can be improved by forming the interlayer film of 3 layers and making the hardness of the innermost layer lower than the hardness of the layers on both sides by adjusting the plasticizer or the like. In this case, the hardness of the layers on both sides may be the same or different.

In order to produce the intermediate film 23, for example, the resin material forming the intermediate film 23 is appropriately selected and extrusion-molded in a heated and molten state by using an extruder. Extrusion conditions such as the extrusion speed of the extruder are set to be uniform. Then, the resin film obtained by extrusion molding is matched to the design of the windshield glass 20, and for example, stretched as necessary so that the upper and lower sides have curvatures, thereby completing the intermediate film 23.

In order to produce a laminated glass, an interlayer film 23 and an infrared reflection layer 25 are sandwiched between a glass plate 21 and a glass plate 22 to form a laminate. Then, for example, the laminate is put in a rubber bag and bonded in a vacuum of-65 to-100 kPa at a temperature of about 70 to 110 ℃.

Further, for example, by applying a pressure bonding treatment of heating and pressurizing at 100 to 150 ℃ and a pressure of 0.6 to 1.3MPa, a laminated glass having more excellent durability can be obtained. However, in some cases, the heating and pressing step may not be used in consideration of simplification of the steps and the characteristics of the material sealed in the laminated glass.

In addition to the intermediate film 23 and the infrared reflection layer 25, a film or a device having functions of light emission, light control, visible light reflection, scattering, decoration, absorption, and the like may be present between the glass plate 21 and the glass plate 22 within a range in which the effects of the present application are not impaired.

In this way, in the windshield 20, the solar reflectance of the region in the vicinity of the signal transmission/reception region 26 in which the infrared-ray reflective layer 25 is provided is greater than the solar reflectance of the test region a by 5% or more. Thus, since the inflow amount of heat to the vehicle interior side of the signal transmission/reception area 26 decreases, even if the device 300 is disposed on the vehicle interior side of the signal transmission/reception area 26, the temperature rise of the device 300 can be suppressed, and the device 300 can operate normally. That is, it is possible to provide the windshield 20 in which the induction performance of the device 300 is not easily impaired by heat caused by infrared rays radiated from the outside of the vehicle.

Modification 1 of embodiment 1

Modification 1 of embodiment 1 shows an example in which the positions of the infrared-ray reflective layer and/or the shielding layer are different from those of embodiment 1. In modification 1 of embodiment 1, the same components as those of the already described embodiment will not be described.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view (1) illustrating the vicinity of the signal transmission/reception region in modification 1 of embodiment 1, and shows a cross-section corresponding to fig. 2 (b). Fig. 4 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view (2) illustrating the vicinity of the signal transmission/reception region in modification 1 of embodiment 1, and shows a cross-section corresponding to fig. 2 (b). Fig. 5 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view (3) illustrating the vicinity of the signal transmission/reception region in modification 1 of embodiment 1, and shows a cross-section corresponding to fig. 2 (b). In modification 1 of embodiment 1, a partially enlarged plan view schematically showing a mode of recognizing the vicinity of the signal transmission/reception area from the inside to the outside of the vehicle cabin is the same as that of fig. 2(a), and therefore, illustration thereof is omitted.

As shown in fig. 3, the windshield 20A may be provided with an infrared-reflective layer 25 on the vehicle-exterior surface 21b of the glass sheet 21. Alternatively, as shown in fig. 4, the windshield 20B may be provided with an infrared-reflective layer 25 on the vehicle-interior surface 22B of the glass plate 22. Alternatively, as shown in fig. 5, in the windshield 20C, the infrared-ray reflective layer 25 may be provided on the surface 22b of the glass plate 22 on the vehicle interior side, and the protruding portion 242 of the shielding layer 24 may be provided on the surface of the infrared-ray reflective layer 25 on the vehicle interior side.

In the case of fig. 3 to 5, the infrared reflective layer 25 is, for example, an infrared reflective coating on a glass plate. The infrared reflective coating can be formed, for example, by sputtering. An infrared-reflective film may be used as the infrared-reflective layer 25, and bonded to the vehicle-exterior surface 21b of the glass plate 21 with an adhesive. In fig. 5, the shielding layer 24 may be provided on the surface 21a of the glass plate 21 on the vehicle interior side, in addition to the surface of the infrared reflection layer 25 on the vehicle interior side. In the case of the embodiment shown in fig. 3 to 5, the same effects as those of embodiment 1 can be exhibited.

Modification 2 of embodiment 1

Modification 2 of embodiment 1 shows an example in which a shielding layer is provided also on the vehicle outer side of the infrared-reflective layer. In modification 2 of embodiment 1, the same components as those of the already described embodiment will not be described.

Fig. 6 is a diagram illustrating the vicinity of a signal transmission/reception area in modification 2 of embodiment 1, fig. 6(a) is a partially enlarged plan view schematically showing a state in which the vicinity of the signal transmission/reception area is recognized from the inside to the outside of the vehicle cabin, and fig. 6(B) is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of fig. 6 (a).

As shown in fig. 6, the windshield 20D is different from the windshield 20 (see fig. 2 and the like) in that a shielding layer 27 is provided on a surface 22b on the vehicle interior side of the glass plate 22 in addition to the shielding layer 24 (including the projecting portion 242) provided on the surface 21a on the vehicle interior side of the glass plate 21. The infrared reflection layer 25 is disposed between the shielding layer 24 and the shielding layer 27 in the cross-sectional view. The infrared reflection layer 25 may be provided on the vehicle exterior side surface 21b of the glass plate 21.

The shielding layer 27 extends along an end 241e on the inner peripheral side of the protruding portion 242 in a plan view₁And an end portion on the outer peripheral side241e₂At least a portion of (a). However, the shielding layer 27 may be provided along the end 241e on the inner peripheral side of the protruding portion 242₁And an outer peripheral end portion 241e₂The overall configuration of (a). That is, in fig. 6(a), the shielding layer 27 may be disposed along both oblique sides of the trapezoidal opening defining the signal transmission/reception area 26. The term "along" as used herein means that the distance between the protruding portion 242 and the edge (end) of the shielding layer 27 is 10mm or less in a plan view.

Thus, the end 241e along the inner peripheral side of the protruding portion 242 can be formed in a plan view₁And an outer peripheral end portion 241e₂At least a part of the shielding layer 27 is disposed. This is because the end 27e of the shielding layer 27 (the end toward the side where the protruding portion 242 does not exist) is positioned at the end 241e on the inner peripheral side of the protruding portion 242₁And an outer peripheral end portion 241e₂So that the perspective distortion can be reduced.

In order to suppress the amount of heat flowing into the device 300 disposed in the vehicle interior, the area of the infrared reflection layer 25 that does not overlap with the shielding layer 27 in a plan view is preferably 20% or more of the area of the protrusion 242.

Modification 3 of embodiment 1

Modification 3 of embodiment 1 shows an example other than the laminated glass. In modification 3 of embodiment 1, the same components as those of the already described embodiment will not be described.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view illustrating the vicinity of a signal transmission/reception region in modification 3 of embodiment 1, and shows a cross-section corresponding to fig. 2 (b). In modification 3 of embodiment 1, a partially enlarged plan view schematically showing a mode of recognizing the vicinity of the signal transmission/reception area from the inside to the outside of the vehicle cabin is the same as that of fig. 2(a), and therefore, illustration thereof is omitted.

As shown in fig. 7, the windshield 20E is a vehicle glass (not a laminated glass), and has a glass plate 22, a shielding layer 24 (including a protruding portion 242), an infrared-ray reflective layer 25, and a signal transmission/reception region 26. The infrared reflective layer 25 is provided on the surface 22b of the glass plate 22 on the vehicle interior side, and the protruding portion 242 is provided on the surface of the infrared reflective layer 25 on the vehicle interior side.

Even when the windshield 20E is not a laminated glass, the infrared reflecting layer 25 is provided on the vehicle exterior side of the protruding portion 242 of the shielding layer 24, and the same effect as that of embodiment 1 can be obtained.

EXAMPLES 1 to 3, COMPARATIVE EXAMPLES 1 to 3

In examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3, it is assumed that the vehicle starts to be driven after being placed under the sun in summer, and the amount of solar radiation is 1000W/m²And the temperature inside the vehicle compartment was 35 ℃ and the temperature outside the vehicle compartment was 35 ℃.

Specifically, the vehicle interior heat inflow amount of the signal transmission/reception area 26 is obtained by simulation when the solar reflectance, the solar transmittance, the solar absorptance, and the vehicle interior vertical emissivity in the vicinity of the signal transmission/reception area 26 (the area overlapping with the protruding portion 242 in a plan view) are changed. Then, the signal transmitting/receiving device was evaluated hot based on the amount of heat inflow to the vehicle interior. The solar reflectance of the test area a, the visible light transmittance and the radio wave transmittance of the test area a, and the passenger's tingling sensation (the degree to which the passenger feels heat) were evaluated.

Examples 1A and 1B

In example 1A, a laminated glass was prepared by using transparent glass (FL manufactured by AGC corporation) having a length of 300mm × a width of 300mm and a thickness of 2mm as the glass plates 21 and 22, using polyvinyl butyral having a thickness of 0.76mm as the interlayer film 23, and providing the shielding layer 24 (including the protrusion 242) made of black ceramic on the peripheral edge of the surface 21A on the vehicle interior side of the glass plate 21. An infrared-ray reflective layer 25 having a silver metal layer is provided on the region of the vehicle-interior surface 22b of the glass plate 22 that overlaps the protruding portion 242 in plan view. An infrared-reflecting layer (referred to as an infrared-reflecting layer 35 for convenience, and the infrared-reflecting layer 35 has a metal layer of silver) having different optical characteristics from the infrared-reflecting layer 25 is provided on the area of the surface 22b on the vehicle interior side of the glass plate 22 that overlaps the test area a in plan view. Then, the optical characteristics of the infrared reflective layers 25 and 35 are adjusted so that the solar reflectance of the region where the infrared reflective layer 25 is provided is larger than the solar reflectance of the region where the infrared reflective layer 35 is provided.

In example 1B, the shielding layer 24 was not provided on the surface 21a on the vehicle interior side of the glass plate 21, and the shielding layer 24 was provided on the surface 22B on the vehicle interior side of the glass plate 22 via the infrared-ray reflective layer 25 (the shielding layer 24 was provided on the surface on the vehicle interior side of the infrared-ray reflective layer 25). Except for this, a laminated glass was prepared in the same manner as in example 1A.

Examples 2A and 2B

In example 2A, a laminated glass having the same configuration as in example 1A was prepared, except that the characteristics of the infrared-ray reflective layer 25 were changed.

In example 2B, a laminated glass having the same structure as in example 1B was produced, except that the characteristics of the infrared-ray reflective layer 25 were changed.

Examples 3A and 3B

In example 3A, a laminated glass having the same configuration as in example 1A was prepared, except that the characteristics of the infrared-ray reflective layer 25 were changed.

In example 3B, a laminated glass having the same structure as in example 1B was prepared, except that the characteristics of the infrared-reflective layer 25 were changed.

Comparative examples 1A and 1B

In comparative example 1A, a laminated glass having the same configuration as in example 1A was prepared, except that an infrared-ray reflective layer (referred to as an infrared-ray reflective layer 45 for convenience) having the same optical characteristics as the infrared-ray reflective layer 25 was provided on the region of the surface 22b on the vehicle interior side of the glass plate 22 that overlaps the test region a in a plan view. That is, in comparative example 1A, the solar reflectance of the region provided with the infrared reflective layer 25 is the same as the solar reflectance of the region provided with the infrared reflective layer 45.

In comparative example 1B, the shielding layer 24 was not provided on the surface 21a on the vehicle interior side of the glass plate 21, and the shielding layer 24 was provided on the surface 22B on the vehicle interior side of the glass plate 22 via the infrared-ray reflective layer 25 (the shielding layer 24 was provided on the surface on the vehicle interior side of the infrared-ray reflective layer 25). Except for this, a laminated glass was produced in the same manner as in comparative example 1A.

Comparative examples 2A and 2B

In comparative example 2A, a laminated glass having the same configuration as in comparative example 1A was prepared, except that the characteristics of the infrared-ray reflective layers 25 and 45 were changed.

In comparative example 2B, a laminated glass having the same structure as in comparative example 1B was prepared, except that the characteristics of the infrared-reflective layers 25 and 45 were changed.

Comparative examples 3A and 3B

In comparative example 3A, a laminated glass having the same configuration as in comparative example 1A was prepared, except that the characteristics of the infrared-ray reflective layers 25 and 45 were changed.

In comparative example 3B, a laminated glass having the same structure as in comparative example 1B was prepared, except that the characteristics of the infrared-ray reflective layers 25 and 45 were changed.

[ evaluation results ]

The results of the simulation are shown in fig. 8 and 9. In addition, in the heat evaluation of the signal transmitting and receiving equipment, the heat inflow amount of the vehicle interior is less than 120W/m²Is regarded as good, and is 120W/m²Above and below 260W/m²When the average molecular weight is expressed as "Delta", the value is 260W/m²In the above case, the symbol is "x". "x" means that the temperature of the signal transmission/reception device rises greatly to 70 ℃, and adversely affects the operation of the device.

In the evaluation of the test area a, the visible light transmittance of the test area a was evaluated as "good" when the visible light transmittance was 70% or more (when the regulation was satisfied), and as "x" when the visible light transmittance was less than 70% (when the regulation was not satisfied). In the evaluation of the passenger's tingling sensation, the test area a was rated "very good" when Te was less than 50%, and rated "good" when Te was 50% or more and less than 60%. In the evaluation of the radio wave transmittance, the test area a was marked as "o" when no infrared reflective layer having a metal layer that impaired the radio wave transmittance was present, and was marked as "Δ" when an infrared reflective layer having a metal layer that impaired the radio wave transmittance was present.

As shown in fig. 8, in examples 1A, 1B, 2A, 2B, 3A, and 3B, the evaluation values of the signal transmission and reception devices were all "good", and it can be said that the signal transmission and reception devices were in a state in which they could operate without any problem.

The evaluation of the visible light transmittance was "good", and the evaluation of the passenger's tingling sensation (Te) was "excellent", which were good results. However, since the test area a had an infrared-ray reflective layer having a metal layer that impaired the transmission of radio waves, the radio wave transmittance was evaluated as "Δ".

As shown in fig. 9, in comparative examples 1A and 1B, since the solar reflectance around the signal transmission/reception area was the same as in examples 1A and 1B, the heat evaluation of the signal transmission/reception device was good, and it can be said that the signal transmission/reception device was in a state in which it could operate without any problem. However, since the solar reflectance of the test area a is the same as the solar reflectance around the signal transmission/reception area, the visible light transmittance is reduced to less than 70%.

As in comparative examples 2A and 2B and 3A and 3B, the visible light transmittance can be made 70% or more by further reducing the solar reflectance around the signal transmission/reception region and the solar reflectance of the test region a as compared with comparative examples 1A and 1B. However, in this case, the solar reflectance around the signal transmission/reception region was further reduced as compared with comparative examples 1A and 1B, so that the in-vehicle surface heat inflow amount was increased to 120W/m²In the above, the evaluation of the signal transmission/reception device is lowered from "good" to "Δ".

From the above results, comprehensive evaluation was performed. Among the thermal evaluation, visible light transmittance, passenger's tingling sensation (Te), and radio wave transmittance, the overall evaluation was recorded as: when the evaluation value Δ is 1 to 2, the total evaluation is described as: Δ, the overall evaluation including 1 or more × evaluation is recorded as: x.

As the comprehensive evaluation of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3, examples 1 to 3 were good, comparative example 1 was x, comparative examples 2 and 3 were Δ, and examples 1 to 3 were superior to comparative examples 1 to 3 in comprehensive evaluation.

In each of the examples and comparative examples, it is understood that when the shielding layer 24 is provided on the surface 22b on the vehicle interior side of the glass plate 22 via the infrared-ray reflective layer 25, the amount of inflow of vehicle interior surface heat can be suppressed more than when the shielding layer 24 is provided on the peripheral edge portion of the surface 21a on the vehicle interior side of the glass plate 21.

As is clear from the results shown in fig. 8 and 9, in order to make the thermal evaluation of the signal transmission/reception device good and the evaluation of the visible light transmittance good, it is necessary to make the solar reflectance around the signal transmission/reception region larger than the solar reflectance of the test region a.

The difference between the solar reflectance around the signal transmission/reception area and the solar reflectance of the test area a was 10.3% in examples 1A and 1B, 16.8% in examples 2A and 2B, and 24.3% in examples 3A and 3B, and the larger the difference between the two, the lower the vehicle interior heat inflow amount. Accordingly, it can be said that the greater the solar reflectance around the signal transmission/reception area with respect to the solar reflectance of the test area a, the better the operation of the device can be achieved.

EXAMPLE 4, EXAMPLE 5, COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 4

In examples 4, 5 and 4, similar to examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3, it is assumed that the vehicle is started to drive after being placed under the summer sun, and the amount of solar radiation is 1000W/m²The simulation was performed under conditions of an inside temperature of 35 ℃ and an outside temperature of 35 ℃.

Specifically, the vehicle interior heat inflow amount of the signal transmission/reception area 26 is obtained by simulation when the solar reflectance, the solar transmittance, the solar absorptance, and the vehicle interior vertical emissivity in the vicinity of the signal transmission/reception area 26 (the area overlapping with the protruding portion 242 in a plan view) are changed. Then, the signal transmitting/receiving device was evaluated hot based on the amount of heat inflow to the vehicle interior. The radio wave transmittance and the passenger tingling sensation (Te) were evaluated by changing the solar reflectance and the visible light transmittance of the test area a.

Examples 4A and 4B

In example 4A, a laminated glass was prepared, in which green glass (VFL manufactured by AGC corporation) having a length of 300mm × a width of 300mm and a thickness of 2mm was used as the glass plates 21 and 22, polyvinyl butyral having a thickness of 0.76mm was used as the interlayer 23, and the glass plate 21 was provided with the shielding layer 24 (including the protrusion 242) made of black ceramic at the peripheral edge portion of the surface 21a on the vehicle interior side. The same infrared-ray reflective layer 25 as in comparative example 3A was provided on the region of the vehicle-interior surface 22b of the glass plate 22 that overlaps the protruding portion 242 in plan view. However, the infrared reflection layer is not provided on the region of the surface 22b on the vehicle interior side of the glass plate 22 that overlaps the test region a in plan view.

In example 4B, the shielding layer 24 was not provided on the surface 21a on the vehicle interior side of the glass plate 21, and the shielding layer 24 was provided on the surface 22B on the vehicle interior side of the glass plate 22 via the infrared-ray reflective layer 25 similar to that in comparative example 3A (the shielding layer 24 was provided on the surface on the vehicle interior side of the infrared-ray reflective layer 25). Except for this, a laminated glass was prepared in the same manner as in example 4A.

Examples 5A and 5B

In example 5A, a laminated glass having the same configuration as in example 4A was prepared, except that the characteristics of the infrared-reflective layer 25 were changed.

In example 5B, a laminated glass having the same structure as in example 4B was produced, except that the characteristics of the infrared-ray reflective layer 25 were changed.

Comparative examples 4A and 4B

In comparative example 4A, a laminated glass having the same configuration as in example 4A was prepared, except that no infrared-reflective layer was provided on the region of the vehicle-interior surface 22b of the glass plate 22 that overlaps the protruding portion 242 in a plan view. That is, in comparative example 4A, no infrared reflective layer was provided around the signal transmission/reception area and in the test area a.

In comparative example 4B, the shielding layer 24 was not provided on the surface 21a on the vehicle interior side of the glass plate 21, and the shielding layer 24 was provided on the surface 22B on the vehicle interior side of the glass plate 22 via the infrared-ray reflective layer 25 (the shielding layer 24 was provided on the surface on the vehicle interior side of the infrared-ray reflective layer 25). Except for this, a laminated glass was produced in the same manner as in comparative example 4A.

[ evaluation results ]

The results of the simulation are shown in fig. 10. As shown in fig. 10, the heat rating of the signal transmission and reception apparatus was "Δ" in examples 4A and 4B and examples 5A and 5B, but the heat rating of the signal transmission and reception apparatus was "x" in comparative examples 4A and 4B. The other evaluations were not greatly different.

In this way, when the test area a was not provided with the infrared reflective layer, favorable results were obtained for the evaluation of the visible light transmittance, the evaluation of the radio wave transmittance, and the evaluation of the passenger's tingling sensation in the test area a. However, in the case where the infrared reflection layer is not provided around the signal transmission/reception area as in comparative examples 4A and 4B, the amount of heat inflow to the vehicle interior surface increases, and the heat evaluation value of the device for signal transmission/reception is "x". That is, the temperature rise of the signal transmission/reception device becomes large to the extent of adversely affecting the operation of the device.

On the other hand, in examples 4A and 4B, and examples 5A and 5B, in which the infrared reflective layer was provided around the signal transmission/reception area and the solar reflectance around the signal transmission/reception area was increased by 5% or more with respect to the solar reflectance of the test area a, the thermal evaluation of the device for signal transmission/reception was "Δ". This is within the allowable range of operation of the device.

As a comprehensive evaluation of examples 4 and 5 and comparative example 4, examples 4 and 5 were good, comparative example 4 was ×, and examples 4 and 5 were superior to comparative example 4 in combination.

The international patent application claims priority to japanese patent application No. 2018-150612 filed on the basis of 2018, 8, 9 and 9 with the office of the present patent application, and the entire contents of the japanese patent application No. 2018-150612 are incorporated into the present patent application.

Although the preferred embodiments and the like have been described above in detail, the embodiments and the like are not limited to the above embodiments and various changes and substitutions may be made thereto without departing from the scope of the claims.

Description of the symbols

20. 20A, 20B, 20C, 20D, 20E windscreen

21. 22 glass plate

21a, 21b, 22a, 22b surface

23 intermediate film

24. 27 masking layer

25 infrared reflective layer

25e₁、25e₂、241e₁、241e₂End part

26 signal transmitting and receiving area

241 peripheral edge region

242 projection

300 device