阅读说明：本技术 一种聚氨酯板材及其加工工艺和应用 (Polyurethane board and processing technology and application thereof ) 是由 陈峻 崔青天 于 2020-12-02 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种聚氨酯板材及其加工工艺和应用,包括加强芯层,加强芯层上下表面分别贴合有上表层和下表层,加强芯层由堆叠于玻纤网格布上的聚氨酯发泡料发泡而成。该聚氨酯板材结构简单,强度高,方便成型,成型效果好,使得表面更贴合,并且可提高生产效率,可大幅降低生产成本。(The invention discloses a polyurethane board and a processing technology and application thereof. The polyurethane board has the advantages of simple structure, high strength, convenient forming and good forming effect, so that the surface is more laminated, the production efficiency can be improved, and the production cost can be greatly reduced.)

1. A polyurethane board is characterized in that: including strengthening the sandwich layer, strengthen the upper and lower surface of sandwich layer and laminate respectively and have upper epidermis and lower surface layer, strengthen the sandwich layer and form by piling up the foaming of polyurethane foaming material on glass fiber net check cloth.

2. A polyurethane panel as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the glass fiber gridding cloth is presoaked glass fiber gridding cloth presoaked with resin or Teflon solution.

3. A polyurethane panel as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the upper surface layer and the lower surface layer are made of non-woven fabrics.

4. A polyurethane panel as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the non-woven fabric is PP or PE non-woven fabric.

5. The processing technology of the polyurethane board is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,

firstly, conveying pre-impregnated glass fiber mesh cloth and lower surface cloth by using a rolling and conveying device, enabling the pre-impregnated glass fiber mesh cloth to be overlapped on the lower surface cloth and conveyed forwards through a conveying mechanism, meanwhile, oppositely spraying polyurethane A material and polyurethane B material by two high-pressure gun heads positioned above the conveying mechanism, stacking the mutually mixed polyurethane A material and polyurethane B material on the pre-impregnated glass fiber mesh cloth, entering a heating steel belt of a compression molding mechanism, and heating by using the heating steel belt to foam the polyurethane A material and the polyurethane B material;

secondly, setting the thickness of the gap reserved between the heating steel belt and the thickness-setting roller of the pressure forming mechanism;

conveying the upper surface cloth by using a rolling device, rolling or spraying an adhesive on the lower surface of the upper surface cloth in the conveying process, then laminating the upper surface of the polyurethane foam material, and enabling the presoaked glass fiber mesh cloth conveyed by the heating steel belt, the lower surface cloth, the polyurethane foam material and the upper surface cloth to move along with the pressurizing steel belt on the pressurizing steel belt through a plurality of rollers with the same rotating linear speed and a closed pressurizing steel belt wound on the plurality of rollers to roll by the pressurizing forming mechanism; and then when the pre-impregnated glass fiber mesh cloth, the lower surface cloth, the polyurethane foam material and the upper surface cloth which are overlapped up and down pass through, the pressing and the jointing are carried out at the contact position of the pressing steel belt and the roller.

6. The process of processing polyurethane boards as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the heating temperature of the heating steel strip is controlled to be 25-60 ℃.

7. The process of processing polyurethane boards as claimed in claim 5, wherein: pressing, cutting, and aging at 40-50 deg.C for 15-80 min.

8. The process of processing polyurethane boards as claimed in claim 5, wherein: in the third step, the pressure of pressurization is controlled to be 1-2MPa, the temperature is controlled to be 60-85 ℃ during pressing, and the time is controlled to be 5-30 s.

9. Use of the polyurethane panel according to any one of claims 1 to 4 for automobile parts and building materials.

The technical field is as follows:

the invention relates to the field of materials, in particular to a polyurethane plate and a processing technology and application thereof.

Background art:

in the prior art, the strength and the toughness of the polyurethane plate can be ensured only by a certain thickness, and based on the defect, particularly the polyurethane plate within 2mm is very brittle and has poor toughness, so that the polyurethane plate lacks application value in many scenes.

For example, in order to achieve better toughness and strength, a hot-pressing method is generally adopted to produce the automobile sun visor, that is, PU light foam is selected as a raw material of the traditional automobile sun visor, in the production process, polyurethane glue is coated on the two sides of the light foam through equipment, then glass fiber mats are placed on the two sides of the foam board, then hot-rolled cloth is further placed on the foam board, finally front face fabric is placed on the front face, back face fabric is placed on the back face, then the foam board is placed on a high-temperature press, the foam board is extruded for about 120min through 150 ℃ high-temperature 20Mpa pressure to be formed, and finally a finished product is produced after cutting and trimming. In addition, when the fabric is compounded, wrinkles and even glue permeation are easy to generate, and particularly when a plurality of concave-convex profiles are formed, the bonding is not easy, in addition, the PU light foam of the plate with the structure is easy to layer, the qualification rate is not high and can only reach about 90%, and the plate is easy to deform after being formed and cured.

The invention content is as follows:

the invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a polyurethane plate which is convenient to process, effectively saves cost, saves energy and reduces consumption, has a wide application range, can be in an ultrathin structure of 1.5-2mm, can ensure stronger strength and toughness and expands the application range.

The technical scheme includes that the polyurethane board comprises a reinforcing core layer, wherein an upper surface layer and a lower surface layer are respectively attached to the upper surface and the lower surface of the reinforcing core layer, and the reinforcing core layer is formed by foaming polyurethane foaming materials stacked on glass fiber gridding cloth. Simple structure, the shaping of being convenient for, and the surface is difficult for corrugating, is difficult for the layering, and intensity is high, and toughness is sufficient, non-deformable.

Preferably, the glass fiber mesh cloth is a pre-impregnated glass fiber mesh cloth pre-impregnated with resin or Teflon solution.

Preferably, the upper and lower skin layers are nonwoven fabrics.

Preferably, the nonwoven fabric is a PP or PE nonwoven fabric.

Furthermore, the invention also provides a production process of the polyurethane board, which comprises the following steps,

firstly, conveying pre-impregnated glass fiber mesh cloth and lower surface cloth by using a rolling and conveying device, enabling the pre-impregnated glass fiber mesh cloth to be overlapped on the lower surface cloth and conveyed forwards through a conveying mechanism, meanwhile, oppositely spraying polyurethane A material and polyurethane B material by two high-pressure gun heads positioned above the conveying mechanism, stacking the mutually mixed polyurethane A material and polyurethane B material on the pre-impregnated glass fiber mesh cloth, entering a heating steel belt of a compression molding mechanism, and heating by using the heating steel belt to foam the polyurethane A material and the polyurethane B material;

secondly, setting the thickness of the gap reserved between the heating steel belt and the thickness-setting roller of the pressure forming mechanism;

conveying the upper surface cloth by using a rolling device, rolling or spraying an adhesive on the lower surface of the upper surface cloth in the conveying process, then laminating the upper surface of the polyurethane foam material, and enabling the presoaked glass fiber mesh cloth conveyed by the heating steel belt, the lower surface cloth, the polyurethane foam material and the upper surface cloth to move along with the pressurizing steel belt on the pressurizing steel belt through a plurality of rollers with the same rotating linear speed and a closed pressurizing steel belt wound on the plurality of rollers to roll by the pressurizing forming mechanism; and then when the pre-impregnated glass fiber mesh cloth, the lower surface cloth, the polyurethane foam material and the upper surface cloth which are overlapped up and down pass through, the pressing and the jointing are carried out at the contact position of the pressing steel belt and the roller.

Preferably, the heating temperature of the heated steel strip is controlled to be 25-60 ℃.

Preferably, the film is laminated under pressure, then cut, and then cured at 40-50 deg.C for 15-80 min.

Preferably, in the third step, the pressure of the pressurization is controlled to be 1-2MPa, the temperature is controlled to be 60-85 ℃ during the pressing, and the time is controlled to be 5-30 s.

Furthermore, the polyurethane plate is used for automobile parts and building materials. Such as car sun visors, interior trim panels, furniture panels, wall panels, floors, etc.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages after adopting the technical scheme: compared with the polyurethane plate with the existing structure, the novel polyurethane plate has the advantages that the structure is simplified, the forming is convenient, the forming effect is good, the cost is reduced, the surface is more attached, and the wrinkling is not easy to occur; compared with the traditional hot-pressing production process, the production process adopts innovative production processes and raw material processing processes, firstly, hot-rolled cloth and PU light foam are not needed, the glass fiber is saved from the original two layers to form one layer, raw materials are saved, the raw material cost of production is greatly reduced, through measurement and calculation, compared with the automobile sun visor with the existing structure, the cost of the polyurethane plate can be greatly reduced by about 30%, secondly, the process is simple, one-step forming is realized, high-temperature extrusion is not needed, energy conservation and consumption reduction are realized, meanwhile, the production environment of workers is more comfortable, more manpower is saved, the whole process only needs two persons to be completed, and the labor cost of production is greatly reduced. Simultaneously, through directly foaming and laminating on the production line, improved production efficiency, in addition, compare the foaming shaping in the die cavity, the waste of reducible polyurethane foaming material improves production efficiency, if foam in the die cavity, after the injection polyurethane foaming material, because there is down time, the polyurethane foaming material that is located the high pressure spray gun mouth can block up the orifice because of partial foaming, consequently all need in time wash after spraying at every turn, causes the waste of time and material.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

the invention is further illustrated with respect to specific embodiments below:

the utility model provides a polyurethane board, is including strengthening the sandwich layer, strengthens the upper and lower surface of sandwich layer and has laminated upper epidermis and lower surface layer respectively, strengthens the sandwich layer and forms by piling up the foaming material foaming of polyurethane on glass fiber net check cloth. The polyurethane board has the advantages of simple structure, convenient forming, difficult wrinkling of the surface layer, difficult layering among layers, high strength, sufficient toughness and difficult deformation. In this embodiment, the fiberglass mesh fabric is preferably a prepreg fiberglass mesh fabric of prepreg teflon solution, and of course, the prepreg fiberglass mesh fabric of prepreg resin solution may also be selected, so as to improve the fastness and strength thereof. The upper and lower surface layers are preferably nonwoven fabrics, and the nonwoven fabric is preferably a PP or PE nonwoven fabric.

Wherein, the upper surface layer and the lower surface layer can be connected and fixed by bonding, screws, buckles or other modes.

In order to realize the structure, the production process of the polyurethane plate comprises the following steps,

firstly, conveying pre-impregnated glass fiber mesh cloth and lower surface layer cloth by using a rolling device, enabling the pre-impregnated glass fiber mesh cloth to be overlapped on the lower surface layer cloth and conveyed forwards by a conveying mechanism, meanwhile, oppositely spraying polyurethane A material and polyurethane B material by two high-pressure gun heads positioned above the conveying mechanism, enabling the mutually mixed polyurethane A material and polyurethane B material to be stacked on the pre-impregnated glass fiber mesh cloth, entering a heating steel belt of a compression molding mechanism, heating by using the heating steel belt pair to foam the polyurethane A material and the polyurethane B material, and controlling the heating temperature of the heating steel belt to be 25-60 ℃, preferably 35 ℃;

secondly, setting the thickness of the gap reserved between the heating steel belt and the thickness-setting roller of the pressure forming mechanism, wherein the thickness can be controlled to be 1.7-8 mm;

conveying the upper surface cloth by using a rolling device, rolling or spraying an adhesive on the lower surface of the upper surface cloth in the conveying process, then laminating the upper surface of the polyurethane foam material, and enabling the presoaked glass fiber mesh cloth conveyed by the heating steel belt, the lower surface cloth, the polyurethane foam material and the upper surface cloth to move along with the pressurizing steel belt on the pressurizing steel belt through a plurality of rollers with the same rotating linear speed and a closed pressurizing steel belt wound on the plurality of rollers to roll by the pressurizing forming mechanism; and then pressing and attaching the pre-impregnated glass fiber mesh cloth, the lower surface cloth, the polyurethane foam material and the upper surface cloth which are overlapped up and down at the contact position of the pressing steel belt and the roller wheel when the pre-impregnated glass fiber mesh cloth, the lower surface cloth, the polyurethane foam material and the upper surface cloth pass through, wherein the pressing pressure is controlled at 2MPa, the temperature is controlled at 65 ℃ during pressing, and the time is controlled at 10 s.

Preferably, the adhesive is applied under pressure and then slit, followed by aging at 40 ℃ for 25 min.

In addition, according to actual needs, after the curing is finished, corner trimming can be carried out according to the formed plate.

The polyurethane foam of the present invention is commercially available from Citraz, and other additives such as pigments, anti-aging agents, light stabilizers, flame retardants, etc. may be added as needed, and specific substances commonly used in the field of polyurethane foam may be selected, and will not be described in detail herein.

In addition, the technical means such as the specific operation steps of foaming are well known in the foaming field, and the operation, process parameters and the like thereof are well known to those skilled in the art and can be adjusted conventionally, and will not be described in detail herein.

The polyurethane plate prepared by the invention can be applied to a plurality of fields, such as automobile parts and building materials. More specifically, such as car visors, interior trim panels, furniture panels, wall panels, flooring, and the like.

Compared with the polyurethane plate with the existing structure, the novel polyurethane plate has the advantages that the structure is simplified, the forming is convenient, the forming effect is good, the cost is reduced, the surface is more attached, and the wrinkling is not easy to occur; compared with the traditional hot-pressing production process, the production process adopts innovative production processes and raw material processing processes, firstly, hot-rolled cloth and PU light foam are not needed, the glass fiber is saved from the original two layers to form one layer, raw materials are saved, the raw material cost of production is greatly reduced, through measurement and calculation, compared with the automobile sun visor with the existing structure, the cost of the polyurethane plate can be greatly reduced by about 30%, secondly, the process is simple, one-step forming is realized, high-temperature extrusion is not needed, energy conservation and consumption reduction are realized, meanwhile, the production environment of workers is more comfortable, more manpower is saved, the whole process only needs two persons to be completed, and the labor cost of production is greatly reduced. Simultaneously, through directly foaming and laminating on the production line, improved production efficiency, in addition, compare the foaming shaping in the die cavity, the waste of reducible polyurethane foaming material improves production efficiency, if foam in the die cavity, after the injection polyurethane foaming material, because there is down time, the polyurethane foaming material that is located the high pressure spray gun mouth can block up the orifice because of partial foaming, consequently all need in time wash after spraying at every turn, causes the waste of time and material.

The foregoing is illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention only and is not to be construed as limiting the claims. All equivalent structural or equivalent process transformations made by using the contents of the present specification are included in the scope of protection of the present invention.