阅读说明：本技术 一种异种金属增材制造界面质量调节反馈系统及方法 (Dissimilar metal additive manufacturing interface quality regulation feedback system and method ) 是由 李辉 刘胜 申胜男 周剑涛 于 2020-10-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种异种金属增材制造界面质量调节反馈系统,工作台作为进行增材制造的台面；缺陷检测模块检测增材制造后异种金属材料界面的缺陷位置；激光重熔模块对工作台上异种金属材料界面的缺陷位置进行激光重熔；激光冲击模块对激光重熔后的位置进行激光冲击；滚压机构对激光冲击后的位置进行滚压；主控单元根据缺陷检测模块得到的缺陷位置,控制激光重熔模块、激光冲击模块和滚压机构进行对应的操作。本发明检测到异种金属连接层间裂纹缺陷、气孔缺陷、脱层缺陷以及表面粘附缺陷后,依次进行重熔、激光冲击和滚压处理,最终达到改善界面质量的目的。(The invention provides a quality regulation feedback system for a dissimilar metal additive manufacturing interface, wherein a workbench is used as a table top for additive manufacturing; the defect detection module detects the defect position of the dissimilar metal material interface after additive manufacturing; the laser remelting module performs laser remelting on the defect position of the dissimilar metal material interface on the workbench; the laser impact module performs laser impact on the position subjected to laser remelting; the rolling mechanism rolls the position impacted by the laser; and the main control unit controls the laser remelting module, the laser impact module and the rolling mechanism to perform corresponding operations according to the defect position obtained by the defect detection module. After detecting the crack defect, the air hole defect, the delamination defect and the surface adhesion defect between the dissimilar metal connecting layers, the invention carries out remelting, laser shock and rolling treatment in sequence, and finally achieves the purpose of improving the interface quality.)

1. The utility model provides a dissimilar metal vibration material disk interface quality adjusts feedback system which characterized in that: the system comprises:

the workbench is used as a table top for additive manufacturing;

the defect detection module is used for detecting the defect position of the dissimilar metal material interface after additive manufacturing;

the laser remelting module is used for carrying out laser remelting on the defect position of the dissimilar metal material interface on the workbench;

the laser impact module is used for carrying out laser impact on the position subjected to laser remelting;

the rolling mechanism is used for rolling the position impacted by the laser;

and the main control unit is used for controlling the laser remelting module, the laser impact module and the rolling mechanism to perform corresponding operation according to the defect position obtained by the defect detection module.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein: the workbench is a reversible workbench.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein: the turnover worktable comprises a worktable, a clamp and a fixing rod, wherein the clamp is used for clamping a dissimilar metal material layer after the worktable and the additive manufacturing, the fixing rod is connected with the clamp, the fixing rod is connected with a turnover mechanism, the turnover mechanism is controlled by a main control unit, the main control unit combines the turnover angle of the turnover mechanism according to the defect position obtained by a defect detection module, calculates the remelting track of a laser remelting module, and sequentially controls a laser impact module and a rolling mechanism.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein: the defect detection module is a laser ultrasonic detection module and comprises a laser ultrasonic detection laser, a vibration sensor and a laser ultrasonic detection processor; the laser ultrasonic detection laser emits laser used for detection to irradiate on the interface of the dissimilar metal material to generate vibration, the vibration is detected by the vibration sensor and transmitted to the laser ultrasonic detection processor, and the laser ultrasonic detection processor determines the position of the defect according to the detected vibration amplitude.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein: the laser remelting module comprises a laser remelting laser and a laser remelting processor; and the laser remelting processor receives the defect position and the remelting parameters sent by the main control unit and is used for controlling the remelting track of the laser remelting laser.

6. The system of claim 5, wherein: the laser remelting laser and the laser remelting processor are the same as the laser and the processor for additive manufacturing.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein: the laser shock module comprises a laser shock laser and a laser shock processor; and the laser impact processor receives the position needing laser impact and the laser impact parameters after remelting, which are sent by the main control unit, and is used for controlling the impact track of the laser impact laser.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein: the rolling mechanism comprises:

the rolling wheel is used for rolling the dissimilar metal material interface;

the control mechanism is connected with the rolling wheels and used for controlling the rolling tracks of the rolling wheels under the control of the main control unit;

and the amplitude transformer is arranged at two ends of the operating mechanism and used for adjusting the rolling pressure.

9. The system of claim 1, wherein: the defect detection module, the laser remelting module, the laser impact module and the rolling mechanism are all connected with the main control unit through a data acquisition card.

10. A quality adjustment method implemented by using the dissimilar metal additive manufacturing interface quality adjustment feedback system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:

s1, detecting the defect position of the dissimilar metal material interface after additive manufacturing;

s2, carrying out laser remelting on the defect position of the dissimilar metal material interface on the workbench to reduce the interface defect and improve the interface density;

s3, performing laser shock on the position subjected to laser remelting to improve the residual stress of the interface and improve the grain size of the interface structure;

and S4, rolling the position impacted by the laser to flatten the interface and improve the surface roughness of the interface.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of metal additive manufacturing, and particularly relates to a dissimilar metal additive manufacturing interface quality regulation feedback system and method.

Background

Metal additive manufacturing is a method that uses a high-energy laser beam to directly melt metal powder, and the metal powder is stacked layer by layer to finally form a metal part with a compact structure. The metal additive manufacturing technology saves the manufacturing cost, has short development period and high production efficiency. Meanwhile, in the aviation equipment, different parts of one part need different materials so as to meet some special working conditions. Therefore, in recent years, the dissimilar metal additive manufacturing technology is gradually becoming a trend.

However, due to the significant difference in physical properties between dissimilar metals, it is inevitable that some defects, such as interfacial cracks, hole defects, delamination, etc., exist between the dissimilar material connection layers during the additive manufacturing process. During the manufacturing process, due to the difficulty in bonding dissimilar materials, stress concentrations may occur at the bonded interface, which greatly increases the risk of failure of the dissimilar metal additive manufactured part. At present, a mature monitoring mechanism for dissimilar metal additive manufacturing is not available, the quality of parts cannot be improved by regulating and controlling parameters in the manufacturing process, and meanwhile, when manufacturing micro defects exist in a dissimilar metal connecting layer, the manufacturing micro defects cannot be removed in time, and then the manufacturing micro defects evolve to form macro defects.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the system and the method for adjusting and feeding back the quality of the dissimilar metal additive manufacturing interface are provided, and the quality of the interface can be improved.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a dissimilar metal additive manufacturing interface quality regulation feedback system, the system comprising:

the workbench is used as a table top for additive manufacturing;

the defect detection module is used for detecting the defect position of the dissimilar metal material interface after additive manufacturing;

the laser remelting module is used for carrying out laser remelting on the defect position of the dissimilar metal material interface on the workbench;

the laser impact module is used for carrying out laser impact on the position subjected to laser remelting;

the rolling mechanism is used for rolling the position impacted by the laser;

and the main control unit is used for controlling the laser remelting module, the laser impact module and the rolling mechanism to perform corresponding operation according to the defect position obtained by the defect detection module.

According to the scheme, the workbench is a turnover workbench.

According to the above scheme, the workstation that can overturn include the workstation, be used for pressing from both sides the anchor clamps on the xenogenesis metallic material layer after workstation and the vibration material disk and the dead lever of being connected with anchor clamps, the dead lever is connected with tilting mechanism, tilting mechanism by main control unit control, the defect position that main control unit obtained according to defect detection module combines tilting mechanism's rotation angle, calculates the remelting track of laser remelting module to laser shock module and rolling mechanism are controlled in proper order.

According to the scheme, the defect detection module is a laser ultrasonic detection module and comprises a laser ultrasonic detection laser, a vibration sensor and a laser ultrasonic detection processor; the laser ultrasonic detection laser emits laser used for detection to irradiate on the interface of the dissimilar metal material to generate vibration, the vibration is detected by the vibration sensor and transmitted to the laser ultrasonic detection processor, and the laser ultrasonic detection processor determines the position of the defect according to the detected vibration amplitude.

According to the scheme, the laser remelting module comprises a laser remelting laser and a laser remelting processor; and the laser remelting processor receives the defect position and the remelting parameters sent by the main control unit and is used for controlling the remelting track of the laser remelting laser.

According to the scheme, the laser remelting laser and the laser remelting processor are the same as the laser and the processor for additive manufacturing.

According to the scheme, the laser impact module comprises a laser impact laser and a laser impact processor; and the laser impact processor receives the position needing laser impact and the laser impact parameters after remelting, which are sent by the main control unit, and is used for controlling the impact track of the laser impact laser.

According to the scheme, the rolling mechanism comprises:

the rolling wheel is used for rolling the dissimilar metal material interface;

the control mechanism is connected with the rolling wheels and used for controlling the rolling tracks of the rolling wheels under the control of the main control unit;

and the amplitude transformer is arranged at two ends of the operating mechanism and used for adjusting the rolling pressure.

According to the scheme, the defect detection module, the laser remelting module, the laser impact module and the rolling mechanism are all connected with the main control unit through the data acquisition card.

The quality adjusting method realized by the quality adjusting feedback system of the dissimilar metal additive manufacturing interface comprises the following steps:

s1, detecting the defect position of the dissimilar metal material interface after additive manufacturing;

s2, carrying out laser remelting on the defect position of the dissimilar metal material interface on the workbench to reduce the interface defect and improve the interface density;

s3, performing laser shock on the position subjected to laser remelting to improve the residual stress of the interface and improve the grain size of the interface structure;

and S4, rolling the position impacted by the laser to flatten the interface and improve the surface roughness of the interface.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: after detecting crack defects, air hole defects, delamination defects and surface adhesion defects between dissimilar metal connecting layers, remelting, laser shock and rolling treatment are sequentially carried out, surface defects are reduced through remelting, surface residual stress caused by manufacturing and remelting is improved through laser shock, and finally rolling is carried out on an interface so as to flatten the laser shock surface and finally achieve the purpose of improving the quality of the interface.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic system structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the worktable overturning mechanism.

FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of laser remelting, wherein: (a) before remelting; (b) after remelting.

FIG. 4 is a schematic laser shock diagram, wherein: (a) before impact; (b) after impact.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of rolling, wherein: (a) before rolling; (b) after rolling.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a rolling mechanism.

In the figure: 1-a workbench, 2-a stainless steel layer, 3-a copper alloy layer, 4-a laser remelting laser, 5-an additive manufacturing powder feeder, 6-a laser ultrasonic detection laser, 7-a laser ultrasonic detection processor, 8-a laser remelting processor, 9-a rolling processor, 10-a data acquisition card, 11-a main control unit, 12-a laser impact processor, 13-a laser impact laser, 14-a rolling mechanism, 15-a clamp, 16-a fixing rod, 17-a dissimilar metal material interface, 18-a molten pool, 19-a near interface pore defect, 20-a near interface crack defect, 21-a laser remelting surface, 22-a residual tensile stress, 23-a rough surface, 24-a residual compressive stress, 14-a rolling wheel, 14-2-operating mechanism, 14-3-horn.

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples and figures.

As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a quality adjustment feedback system for a dissimilar metal additive manufacturing interface, the system comprising:

the worktable 1 is used as a table top for additive manufacturing.

And the defect detection module is used for detecting the defect position of the dissimilar metal material interface after additive manufacturing. The defect detection module is a laser ultrasonic detection module and comprises a laser ultrasonic detection laser 6, a vibration sensor and a laser ultrasonic detection processor 7; the laser ultrasonic detection laser 6 emits laser used for detection to irradiate on the dissimilar metal material interface 17 to generate vibration, the vibration is detected by the vibration sensor and transmitted to the laser ultrasonic detection processor 7, and the laser ultrasonic detection processor 7 determines the defect position according to the detected vibration amplitude.

And the laser remelting module is used for carrying out laser remelting on the defect position of the dissimilar metal material interface on the workbench. The laser remelting module comprises a laser remelting laser 4 and a laser remelting processor 8; and the laser remelting processor 8 receives the defect position and the remelting parameters sent by the main control unit 11 and is used for controlling the remelting track of the laser remelting laser 4. Preferably, the laser remelting laser 4 and the laser remelting processor 8 are the same as the laser and the processor for additive manufacturing. The device is also provided with an additive manufacturing powder feeder 5 at a position with a certain height away from the workbench 1, and the additive manufacturing powder feeder is used for feeding powder in the additive manufacturing process. Thus, the device can be used for additive manufacturing and also can be used for optimization processing.

And the laser impact module is used for carrying out laser impact on the position subjected to laser remelting. The laser shock module comprises a laser shock laser 13 and a laser shock processor 12; the laser shock processor 12 receives the position and the laser shock parameter which need laser shock after remelting and are sent by the main control unit 11, and is used for controlling the shock track of the laser shock laser 13.

And the rolling mechanism 14 is used for rolling the position after the laser impact. As shown in fig. 6, the rolling mechanism 14 includes rolling wheels 14-1 for rolling the dissimilar metal material interface 17; the control mechanism 14-2 is connected with the rolling wheels 14-1 and is used for controlling the rolling tracks of the rolling wheels 14-1 under the control of the main control unit 11; and the amplitude transformer 14-3 is arranged at the two ends of the operating mechanism 14-2 and is used for adjusting the rolling pressure.

And the main control unit 11 is used for controlling the laser remelting module, the laser impact module and the rolling mechanism to perform corresponding operations according to the defect position obtained by the defect detection module.

Because the dissimilar metal material interface 17 is not easy to be reprocessed in a geometric space, the workbench 1 is set as a reversible workbench, and the processing interface is turned to the position required by other modules, so that the processing is convenient. As shown in fig. 2, the reversible workbench includes a workbench 1, a clamp 15 for clamping the workbench 1 and the material layer of the exotic metal after additive manufacturing, and a fixing rod 16 connected to the clamp 15, the fixing rod 16 is connected to a turnover mechanism, the turnover mechanism is controlled by a main control unit, the main control unit 11 calculates the remelting track of the laser remelting module according to the defect position obtained by the defect detection module, by combining the turnover angle of the turnover mechanism, and controls the laser impact module and the rolling mechanism 14 in sequence.

Furthermore, the defect detection module, the laser remelting module, the laser impact module and the rolling mechanism 14 are all connected with the main control unit 11 through a data acquisition card 10. In the embodiment, the data acquisition card adopts a PCIM-DAS16 data acquisition card; the main control unit 11 is an industrial personal computer, such as an industrial personal computer of GPD-6101 in China.

The invention takes stainless steel and copper alloy as examples, and utilizes the quality regulation feedback system of the dissimilar metal additive manufacturing interface to realize a quality regulation method, and concretely comprises the following steps:

s1, starting the additive manufacturing module, manufacturing a stainless steel layer 2 with a certain height on the workbench 1, and paving copper alloy powder on the surface of the stainless steel layer 2 to manufacture a copper alloy layer 2 with a certain height.

And S1, detecting the defect position of the dissimilar metal material interface 17 after the additive manufacturing. In this embodiment, the laser ultrasonic detection laser 6 is turned on, and the vibration sensor is used to detect whether the interface 17 of the dissimilar metal materials of the stainless steel layer 2 and the copper alloy layer 3 has abnormal displacement waves, so as to determine whether defects exist at the interface 17 of the dissimilar metal materials and the near interface.

And S2, when the abnormal signal is detected, starting the laser remelting laser 4, and carrying out laser remelting on the defect position of the dissimilar metal material interface 17 on the workbench to reduce the interface defect and improve the interface density. As shown in fig. 3, the remelting produces a molten pool 18, and the near-interface porosity defect 19 and near-interface crack defect 20 before remelting are improved after remelting to produce a laser-remelted surface 21.

And S3, performing laser shock on the position subjected to laser remelting to improve the residual stress of the interface and improve the grain size of the interface structure. As shown in fig. 4, the interface of the dissimilar metal materials after laser remelting and before laser shock increases the residual tensile stress 22, and after laser shock, the residual tensile stress 22 is converted into the residual compressive stress 24, which can avoid cracking during remanufacturing, but leaves a rough surface 23.

And S4, rolling the position impacted by the laser to flatten the interface and improve the surface roughness of the interface. Since the laser shock increases the roughness of the dissimilar metal material interface 17, when the shock is finished, as shown in fig. 5, the rolling mechanism is started to perform rolling, so that the roughness is reduced, and the surface quality is improved.

The method detects the crack defect, the air hole defect, the delamination defect and the surface adhesion defect between the dissimilar metal connecting layers through laser ultrasonic detection; when the main control unit 11 receives the defect detection signal, the remelting laser is started, remelting is carried out on the position where the defect is located, and the surface defect is reduced. When the main control unit 11 receives the remelting end signal, the impact laser is turned on to impact the interface, so as to improve the surface residual stress caused by manufacturing and remelting. When the main control unit 11 receives the remelting end signal, the impact laser is turned on to impact the interface, so as to improve the surface residual stress caused by manufacturing and remelting. When the main control unit 11 receives the laser impact end signal, ultrasonic rolling is performed on the interface to level the laser impact surface and improve the interface quality.

The above embodiments are only used for illustrating the design idea and features of the present invention, and the purpose of the present invention is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement the present invention accordingly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Therefore, all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the principles and concepts disclosed herein are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.