阅读说明：本技术 一种铜尾矿及渣土固化剂的制备方法及其应用 (Preparation method and application of copper tailings and muck curing agent ) 是由 胡明玉 胡彪 吴琼 于 2020-11-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：为提高铜尾矿及建筑渣土的资源利用率,本发明公开了一种铜尾矿及渣土固化剂,由以下组分及质量分数组成：钒铁渣30％～40％,矿渣粉30％～35％,熟石灰15％～20％,石膏2％～4％,石灰石粉1％～16％。本发明的固化剂用于制备铜尾矿或渣土免烧墙体材料,将铜尾矿或渣土和固化剂加入适量水混合均匀,再成型、养护即制备成铜尾矿或渣土免烧墙体材料。该固化剂以钒铁渣、矿渣粉、脱硫石膏、石灰石粉这些工业废弃物为原材料,制备工艺简单,生产成本低。利用该固化剂制备的铜尾矿或渣土的免烧墙体材料抗压强度高,耐久性好。本发明对废弃资源的有效利用、保护环境和建筑节能具有重要意义。(In order to improve the resource utilization rate of copper tailings and construction residue soil, the invention discloses a copper tailings and residue soil curing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 30-40% of ferrovanadium slag, 30-35% of slag powder, 15-20% of slaked lime, 2-4% of gypsum and 1-16% of limestone powder. The curing agent is used for preparing the copper tailings or muck baking-free wall material, and the copper tailings or muck and the curing agent are added with a proper amount of water and uniformly mixed, and then the mixture is molded and cured to prepare the copper tailings or muck baking-free wall material. The curing agent takes industrial wastes such as vanadium iron slag, slag powder, desulfurized gypsum and limestone powder as raw materials, and has simple preparation process and low production cost. The baking-free wall material of the copper tailings or the muck prepared by the curing agent has high compressive strength and good durability. The invention has important significance for effective utilization of waste resources, environmental protection and building energy conservation.)

1. The preparation method of the copper tailings and muck curing agent is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 30-40% of ferrovanadium slag, 30-35% of slag powder, 15-20% of slaked lime, 2-4% of gypsum and 1-16% of limestone powder, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the ferrovanadium slag, the slag powder, the slaked lime, the gypsum and the limestone powder is 100%. And mixing the vanadium iron slag, the slag powder, the hydrated lime, the gypsum and the limestone powder in percentage by mass, and then performing ball milling and mixing for 3min to obtain the curing agent.

2. The method for preparing the copper tailings and the muck curing agent according to claim 1, wherein the ferrovanadium slag at least contains gamma-dicalcium silicate and alpha-dicalcium silicate.

3. The method for preparing the copper tailings and the muck curing agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the slag powder is S95-grade slag powder with 28d activity index of not less than 95%.

4. The method for preparing the copper tailings and muck curing agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the gypsum is desulfurized gypsum, and the mass percentage of calcium sulfate dihydrate of the desulfurized gypsum is not less than 93%.

5. The method for preparing the copper tailings and muck curing agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the slaked lime mainly comprises Ca (OH)₂The content of the substance is more than or equal to 90 percent.

6. The method for preparing the copper tailings and muck curing agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the limestone powder mainly comprises CaCO₃The specific surface area is more than or equal to 400m²/kg。

7. The application of the copper tailings and muck curing agent as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the curing agent is used for preparing a baking-free wall material of the copper tailings or muck, and specifically comprises the following components: adding a proper amount of water into the copper tailings or the residual soil and the curing agent, uniformly stirring, molding, and watering at normal temperature for curing to obtain the baking-free wall material of the copper tailings or the residual soil.

8. The application of the curing agent as claimed in claim 7, wherein the content of the curing agent is 10-20% of the dry weight of the material, the proper amount of water is 11-14% of the dry weight of the material, and the forming adopts a compression forming method with a forming pressure of 25 MPa.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of copper tailings and muck treatment, in particular to a preparation method and application of a copper tailings and muck curing agent.

Background

Copper tailings, also known as copper tailings, are composed of fine silt particles left after the copper ore is crushed and refined. With the acceleration of the industrialization process of China, the refined copper yield of China is continuously increased, and the discharge amount of copper tailings is increased year by year. By the end of 2014, the amount of copper tailings in China is nearly 30 hundred million tons, and the average utilization rate is only 8.2%. The large accumulation of the copper tailings can increase the management and operation cost of enterprises, pollute the ecological environment, and easily cause dam break of a tailing dam to cause serious geological disasters.

The residue soil is one kind of construction waste, and refers to waste soil, waste materials and other wastes generated in the construction process of construction units and construction units. In recent years, due to the rapid urbanization development of China and the massive construction of infrastructure, a large amount of muck is inevitably generated, most of the muck can only be accumulated in a muck field, and a large amount of land is occupied; meanwhile, many muck fields are not specially designed and the operation management is not standard, so that the muck side slope has instability risk and safety accidents are easily caused.

In order to improve the comprehensive utilization rate of the copper tailings and the muck, a plurality of policies and documents are issued in succession by the country to guide and improve the comprehensive utilization rate of the copper tailings and the muck. The method for preparing the building material by utilizing the copper tailings and the residue soil is one of the most effective ways for recycling the building material. The research and development of the high-performance curing agent for preparing the copper tailings or the slag soil baking-free wall material have important significance for effective utilization of waste resources, environmental protection and building energy conservation.

At present, many researches on the preparation of a baking-free wall material by using copper tailings or muck exist, but cement, lime and the like are mostly used as curing agents, and an autoclaved or steam curing mode is required, so that the preparation process is complex, the production energy consumption is high, and the product durability is poor. With the rising price of materials such as cement, lime and the like, the requirement of construction engineering on the material performance is improved, and a novel copper tailing and muck curing agent with more excellent performance is urgently needed to be researched, so that technical conditions are provided for the development of copper tailing or muck baking-free wall materials.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of low utilization rate of copper tailings and muck in the prior art, and provides a preparation method and application of a copper tailings and muck curing agent.

A preparation method of a copper tailing or muck curing agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 30-40% of ferrovanadium slag, 30-35% of slag powder, 15-20% of slaked lime, 2-4% of gypsum and 1-16% of limestone powder, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the ferrovanadium slag, the slag powder, the slaked lime, the gypsum and the limestone powder is 100%. And mixing the vanadium iron slag, the slag powder, the hydrated lime, the gypsum and the limestone powder in percentage by mass, and then performing ball milling and mixing for 3min to obtain the curing agent.

Preferably, the ferrovanadium slag at least contains gamma-dicalcium silicate and alpha-dicalcium silicate.

Preferably, the slag powder is S95 grade slag powder with 28d activity index of more than or equal to 95 percent.

Preferably, the gypsum is desulfurized gypsum, wherein the mass percent of calcium sulfate dihydrate of the desulfurized gypsum is more than or equal to 93 percent.

Preferably, the slaked lime contains Ca (OH) as a main component₂The content of the substance is more than or equal to 90 percent.

Preferably, the limestone powder mainly contains CaCO₃The specific surface area is more than or equal to 400m²/kg。

The application of a copper tailing and muck curing agent for preparing a copper tailing or muck baking-free wall material specifically comprises the following steps: adding a proper amount of water into the copper tailings or the residual soil and the curing agent, uniformly stirring, molding, and watering at normal temperature for curing to obtain the baking-free wall material of the copper tailings or the residual soil.

Preferably, the internal mixing amount of the curing agent accounts for 10-20% of the dry weight of the material, a proper amount of water accounts for 11-14% of the dry weight of the material, and the forming adopts a compression forming method, and the forming pressure is 25 MPa.

The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:

the invention provides a preparation method of copper tailings and muck curing agent, the preparation process of the invention is simple, the raw materials mainly comprise solid wastes, and the curing agent is only required to be maintained at normal temperature when preparing the copper tailings or muck baking-free wall material, so that the energy consumption and the production cost are low, and the invention has great economic and social benefits.

Detailed Description

In order that the invention may be more fully understood, reference will now be made to the following description. . This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.

Example 1

A copper tailing and muck curing agent is prepared from vanadium iron slag 35%, mineral powder 35%, hydrated lime 20%, gypsum 4% and limestone powder 6% through mixing the above said slag, powder, hydrated lime, powder and limestone powder, ball grinding and stirring for 3 min.

The preparation method of the copper tailings or muck baking-free wall material comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the steps of mixing a curing agent into copper tailings according to the total mass of 10%, adding corresponding water consumption according to the water-solid ratio of 0.12, uniformly stirring, pressing by using a customized die at 25MPa to form a test block with the size of about 55mm multiplied by 50mm multiplied by 36mm, performing standard curing on the pressed test block by adopting a normal-temperature natural moisture-preserving curing process, and performing various performance tests until the curing age (7d, 28d) is reached. The compressive strength, softening coefficient and thermal conductivity of the material are listed in table 1.

Example 2

The procedure of example 1 was repeated, but with 15% of the curing agent, the compressive strength, softening coefficient and thermal conductivity of the material are shown in Table 1.

Example 3

The procedure of example 1 was repeated, but with a 20% loading of curing agent, and the compressive strength, softening coefficient and thermal conductivity of the material are shown in Table 1.

Example 4

The process of example 1 was repeated with a curing agent incorporated into the muck at 10% of the total mass, the compressive strength, the softening coefficient and the thermal conductivity of the material being listed in table 1.

Example 5

The procedure of example 1 was repeated with 15% by mass of the total curing agent incorporated into the muck, and the compressive strength, softening coefficient and thermal conductivity of the material are listed in table 1.

Example 6

The procedure of example 1 was repeated by incorporating a curing agent into the muck in an amount of 20% by mass of the total mass, and the compressive strength, softening coefficient and thermal conductivity of the material are shown in Table 1.

Table 1: compressive strength, softening coefficient and thermal conductivity of the materials of the various examples

The above table 1 illustrates that the improvement of the addition amount of the curing agent can effectively improve the mechanical properties and the water resistance of the copper tailings or the slag soil baking-free wall material.

While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The present invention is not to be limited by the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and other embodiments that fall within the scope of the claims of the present application are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.