阅读说明：本技术 一种基于空化效应反循环的孔底清渣装置及方法 (Hole bottom slag removal device and method based on cavitation effect reverse circulation ) 是由 袁鹏 韩兴广 王学刚 于 2020-12-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种基于空化效应反循环的孔底清渣装置及方法,属于钻孔灌注桩、扩底桩施工技术领域,所述孔底清渣装置包括水龙头、导水管、泥浆泵以及设置在地面的储浆池和沉渣池；所述孔底清渣装置还包括超声波振动装置,所述超声波振动装置与所述泥浆泵通过所述导水管连接；所述超声波振动装置底部设有超声波振动器。本发明还包括使用上述装置进行的孔底清渣方法。本发明将超声波空化效应与反循环方式结合,加快了孔底的清渣速度,大大降低清渣时间,提高清渣效果；具有泥浆用量少、费用低、清渣效率高以及清渣彻底的优点；本发明采用超声振动器产生超声波空化现象从而将孔底沉渣翻起,促进沉渣表层脱落,解决了因内外压力差引起的钻具卡钻问题。(The invention relates to a hole bottom slag removal device and a hole bottom slag removal method based on cavitation effect reverse circulation, which belong to the technical field of construction of cast-in-situ bored piles and club-footed piles, wherein the hole bottom slag removal device comprises a water faucet, a water guide pipe, a mud pump, a slurry storage tank and a slag settling tank which are arranged on the ground; the hole bottom slag removal device also comprises an ultrasonic vibration device, and the ultrasonic vibration device is connected with the mud pump through the water guide pipe; and an ultrasonic vibrator is arranged at the bottom of the ultrasonic vibration device. The invention also comprises a hole bottom slag removal method using the device. The invention combines the ultrasonic cavitation effect with the reverse circulation mode, accelerates the slag removal speed of the hole bottom, greatly reduces the slag removal time and improves the slag removal effect; has the advantages of less slurry consumption, low cost, high slag removal efficiency and thorough slag removal; the invention adopts the ultrasonic vibrator to generate ultrasonic cavitation phenomenon so as to turn up the sediment at the bottom of the hole, promote the surface layer of the sediment to fall off and solve the problem of drill tool jamming caused by the pressure difference between the inside and the outside.)

1. The utility model provides a hole bottom scarfing cinder device based on cavitation effect reverse circulation, includes tap, aqueduct, slush pump and sets up at the mud storage tank and the sediment pond on ground, its characterized in that: the hole bottom slag removal device also comprises an ultrasonic vibration device, and the ultrasonic vibration device is connected with the mud pump through the water guide pipe; and an ultrasonic vibrator is arranged at the bottom of the ultrasonic vibration device.

2. The hole bottom slag removal device based on cavitation effect reverse circulation as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the ultrasonic vibration device further comprises an insulating shell and an armored cable.

3. The hole bottom slag removal device based on cavitation effect reverse circulation as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the whole insulating shell is a hollow round table; the armored cable is arranged at the top of the hollow round table, and the ultrasonic vibrators are arranged at the bottom of the hollow round table.

4. The hole bottom slag removal device based on cavitation effect reverse circulation as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: the hollow shape of the hollow round platform is trumpet-shaped.

5. The hole bottom slag removal device based on cavitation effect reverse circulation according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: a plurality of the ultrasonic vibrators are rigidly connected together through a bracket.

6. The hole bottom slag removal device based on cavitation effect reverse circulation according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: a mud guard is arranged between the slurry storage tank and the slag settling tank, the left side of the mud guard is the slurry storage tank, and the right side of the mud guard is the slag settling tank; the water outlet of the mud pump is positioned at the side of the sediment tank; and a grout return groove is arranged between the grout storage tank and the operation pile hole.

7. A hole bottom slag removal method based on cavitation effect reverse circulation is characterized by comprising the following steps: s1, arranging a hole bottom slag removal device according to the condition of the operation pile hole: after the mud pit is dug, a mud guard is arranged in the mud pit, the mud guard divides the mud pit into a mud storage pit and a sediment pit, and a mud returning groove is arranged between the mud storage pit and the operation pile hole; the ultrasonic vibration device is arranged below the water guide pipe, a slurry pump is connected above the water guide pipe, and then the ultrasonic vibration device and the water guide pipe are conveyed to the bottom of the hole;

s2, debugging equipment and starting slag removal operation: the ultrasonic vibration device adopts an armored cable to be electrified and simultaneously starts the ultrasonic vibrator, and the frequency and the power of the ultrasonic vibration device are adjusted through the electric cabinet; high-frequency current generated by an electric control system above the ground is converted into longitudinal mechanical vibration through the armored cable and the ultrasonic vibration device; simultaneously starting a slurry pump, making the slurry containing a large amount of sediment fragments flow into a slurry tank by utilizing reverse circulation of the slurry pump, precipitating the impurity of the sediment fragments in the sediment tank, making the purified slurry flow into a slurry storage tank, and making the slurry in the slurry storage tank flow into a hole through a slurry return groove to form a closed loop reverse circulation system so as to repeat the next circulation;

s3, adjusting the device position: the ultrasonic vibration and cavitation effect are fully utilized by lifting and lowering to adjust the position of the ultrasonic vibration device;

s4, finishing slag removal operation: and after the removal is finished, the power supply and the slurry pump are turned off, and the ultrasonic vibration device and the water guide pipe are lifted out through the ground cable car retracting device to finish the slag removal operation.

8. The hole bottom slag removal method based on cavitation effect reverse circulation as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: the frequency of the ultrasonic vibration device is 20-45 khz to reach the optimal value of the cavitation effect of the ultrasonic waves in the liquid.

9. The hole bottom slag removal method based on cavitation effect reverse circulation as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: the longitudinal mechanical vibration frequency in S2 is more than 20000 times/S.

10. The hole bottom slag removal method based on cavitation effect reverse circulation as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: and (4) sending the ultrasonic vibration device into the bottom of the hole by adopting a ground cable car retracting device and adjusting the position in the hole.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of construction of cast-in-situ bored piles and pedestal piles, and particularly relates to a hole bottom slag removal device and method based on cavitation effect reverse circulation, which are used for hole bottom slag removal before concrete pouring and can also be used for handling drilling and burying accidents. The technology is mainly applied to the fields of railways, highways, tunnel excavation construction, geological drilling, hydrological wells and the like.

Background

With the vigorous development of infrastructures such as high-speed railways, expressways, urban buildings and underground engineering in China, cast-in-situ bored piles, club-footed piles and the like gradually become an economical and applicable foundation form with high bearing capacity, pulling resistance, shearing resistance, corrosion resistance and the like, but sediment at the pile end cannot be effectively removed in the construction process, the resistance at the pile end is greatly reduced, and the bearing capacity of the foundation pile is further influenced.

In order to solve the problems, a circulating slag removal process is often adopted or manual slag removal is needed to meet the preset standard, so that the construction efficiency is greatly reduced, and the danger coefficient of workers is increased due to manual hole removal. At present, the following methods are mainly used for treating the bottom sediment of the hole before the cast-in-situ bored pile is poured

(1) Fishing and slag removal: the method utilizes the grab bucket to discharge slag or utilizes the grab bucket and slurry to circularly and compositely discharge slag, and has the defects of irregular hole forming, repeated drilling and incomplete cleaning of sediment at the bottom of the hole. The method has limited equipment capability and is only suitable for shallow hole operation.

(2) And (3) slag removal of a positive circulation flushing fluid: and (3) feeding slurry with low sand content through a conduit, punching, flushing sediment at the bottom of the hole, and slowly circulating to carry out precipitation outside the hole. The method has the defects of long time consumption and incomplete slag removal, and due to the fact that the sand content of slurry in the hole is high, the sand content of the slurry in the hole is increased along with the increase of the depth of the hole, the sand in the slurry can be quickly precipitated to generate sediment after the punching is stopped, the environment is polluted, a large amount of bentonite is needed, and the manufacturing cost is high.

(3) Slag removal by reverse circulation flushing fluid or gas lift reverse circulation: at present, the better slag cleaning method has the defects that most of pile bottom sediments are solidified, the solidification force and the cohesive force exist, and the hole cleaning effect is poor due to the fact that the hole cleaning needs to be carried out for many times when meeting soft soil strata. The reverse circulation sand pump has the advantages of complex and heavy structure, more faults, higher use technical requirement and high maintenance cost.

In summary, there is a need for an improved and developed slag removing tool, which can be used for removing slag quickly and effectively, and meets the development trend of modern machines and tools to improve the slag removing effect of foundation piles such as cast-in-situ bored piles and club-footed piles.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a hole bottom slag removal device and method based on cavitation effect reverse circulation, which are used for solving the technical problems of difficult slag removal, large danger coefficient of manual slag removal, high cost of repeated circulation slag removal and low efficiency in the prior art, and have the characteristics of simple structure, convenient use, remarkable effect and low cost.

The invention comprises the following technical scheme: a hole bottom slag removal device based on cavitation effect reverse circulation comprises a water faucet, a water guide pipe, a mud pump, a slurry storage tank and a slag settling tank, wherein the slurry storage tank and the slag settling tank are arranged on the ground; the hole bottom slag removal device also comprises an ultrasonic vibration device, and the ultrasonic vibration device is connected with the mud pump through the water guide pipe; and an ultrasonic vibrator is arranged at the bottom of the ultrasonic vibration device.

Further, the ultrasonic vibration device further comprises an insulating shell and an armored cable.

Furthermore, the whole insulating shell is a hollow round table, the armored cable is arranged at the top of the hollow round table, and the ultrasonic vibrators are arranged at the bottom of the hollow round table.

Furthermore, the hollow shape of the hollow round table is horn-shaped, so that the water guide pipe can conveniently absorb slurry containing a large amount of sediments at the bottom of the hole.

Further, a plurality of the ultrasonic vibrators are rigidly connected together through a bracket.

Further, the water faucet is arranged on the water guide pipe.

Furthermore, a mud guard is arranged between the slurry storage tank and the slag settling tank, the left side of the mud guard is provided with the slurry storage tank, and the right side of the mud guard is provided with the slag settling tank; the water outlet of the mud pump is positioned at the side of the sediment tank; and a grout return groove is arranged between the grout storage tank and the operation pile hole.

A hole bottom slag removal method based on cavitation effect reverse circulation comprises the following steps:

s1, arranging a hole bottom slag removal device according to the condition of the operation pile hole: after the mud pit is dug, a mud guard is arranged in the mud pit, the mud guard divides the mud pit into a mud storage pit and a sediment pit, and a mud returning groove is arranged between the mud storage pit and the operation pile hole; the ultrasonic vibration device is arranged below the water guide pipe, a slurry pump is connected above the water guide pipe, and then the ultrasonic vibration device and the water guide pipe are conveyed to the bottom of the hole;

s2, debugging equipment and starting slag removal operation: the ultrasonic vibration device adopts an armored cable to be electrified and simultaneously starts the ultrasonic vibrator, and the frequency and the power of the ultrasonic vibration device are adjusted through the electric cabinet; high-frequency current generated by an electric control system above the ground is converted into longitudinal mechanical vibration through the armored cable and the ultrasonic vibration device; simultaneously starting a slurry pump, making the slurry containing a large amount of sediment fragments flow into a slurry tank by utilizing reverse circulation of the slurry pump, precipitating the impurity of the sediment fragments in the sediment tank, making the purified slurry flow into a slurry storage tank, and making the slurry in the slurry storage tank flow into a hole through a slurry return groove to form a closed loop reverse circulation system so as to repeat the next circulation;

s3, adjusting the device position: the ultrasonic vibration and cavitation effect are fully utilized by lifting and lowering to adjust the position of the ultrasonic vibration device;

s4, finishing slag removal operation: and after the removal is finished, the power supply and the slurry pump are turned off, and the ultrasonic vibration device and the water guide pipe are lifted out through the ground cable car retracting device to finish the slag removal operation.

Further, the frequency of the ultrasonic vibration device is 20-45 khz to reach the optimal value of the cavitation effect of the ultrasonic waves in the liquid.

Further, the longitudinal mechanical vibration frequency in S2 is greater than 20000 times/S.

Further, the ground cable car retracting device is adopted to send the ultrasonic vibration device to the bottom of the hole and adjust the position in the hole.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: the micro-gas core cavitation bubbles in the liquid vibrate under the action of sound waves, and the dynamic process of growth and collapse when the sound pressure reaches a certain value is an ultrasonic cavitation phenomenon. The ultrasonic wave of dozens of kilohertz generates instantaneous high temperature and high pressure in the liquid with normal temperature and pressure, generates extremely strong impact action on the sediment, and releases huge energy at the moment of collapse of cavitation bubbles.

When the hole bottom slag removal operation is carried out, firstly, the frequency, the power and the like of the ultrasonic vibration device are adjusted through the electric cabinet, so that the optimal value of the cavitation effect of the ultrasonic waves in the liquid is achieved. In the working process of the ultrasonic vibration device, the energy released by collapse of the cavitation bubbles and the high-speed micro-jet flow have strong impact effect on the sediments, the cohesive force, the consolidation force and the internal friction angle among the sediments are damaged, the sediments can be turned up, the surface layer of the sediments is promoted to fall off, and the separation speed of the floating soil and the hole bottom body is accelerated. And at the moment, a slurry pump is started to pump the slurry containing a large amount of sediments into a sediment tank through a water guide pipe, the sandy soil and the slurry are separated through the sediment tank, the sandy soil is precipitated in the sediment tank, and the slurry returns to the operation pile hole through a slurry return groove after passing through a slurry storage tank.

The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:

1. the invention combines the ultrasonic cavitation effect with the reverse circulation mode, accelerates the slag removal speed of the hole bottom, greatly reduces the slag removal time and improves the slag removal effect; has the advantages of less slurry consumption, low cost, high slag removal efficiency and thorough slag removal; the device can also be used for treating drilling and burying accidents, and reduces the cost of slag removal.

2. According to the invention, an ultrasonic vibrator is adopted to generate an ultrasonic cavitation phenomenon so as to turn up the sediment at the bottom of the hole and promote the falling of the sediment surface layer; the ultrasonic vibration causes great vibration speed and acceleration of mass points, so that sediments are frequently and violently impacted and are not easy to attach to the surface of the drilling tool, and the problem of drilling tool jamming caused by internal and external pressure difference can be solved.

3. The invention is provided with a mud guard to prevent sand in the sediment tank from flowing back into the operation pile hole along with the mud.

4. The invention adopts an assembled structure, and all parts in the device can be disassembled, so that the assembly is convenient and fast.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the ultrasonic vibration device.

Fig. 3 is a front view schematically showing the structure of the ultrasonic vibration device.

In the figure, 1-water tap; 2-a water conduit; 3-ultrasonic vibration device; 4-a pulp storage tank; 5-a mudguard; 6-a sediment tank; 7-a slurry pump; 8-slurry return groove; 9-an insulating housing; 10-an armored cable; 11-ultrasonic vibrator.

Detailed Description

To further clarify the disclosure of the present invention, its features and advantages, reference is made to the following examples taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Example (b): referring to the attached drawings 1-3, the hole bottom slag removal device based on cavitation effect reverse circulation comprises a water faucet 1, a water guide pipe 2, a mud pump 7, a slurry storage tank 4 and a slag settling tank 6, wherein the slurry storage tank 4 and the slag settling tank 6 are arranged on the ground, and the water faucet 1 is arranged on the water guide pipe 2. The water outlet of the mud pump 7 is positioned above the sediment tank 6. A mud guard 5 is arranged between the slurry storage tank 4 and the sediment tank 6, the left side of the mud guard 5 is provided with the slurry storage tank 4, and the right side is provided with the sediment tank 6. And a grout return groove 8 is arranged between the grout storage tank 4 and the operation pile hole.

The hole bottom slag removal device also comprises an ultrasonic vibration device 3, and the ultrasonic vibration device 3 is connected with the mud pump 7 through the water guide pipe 2; the bottom of the ultrasonic vibration device 3 is provided with an ultrasonic vibrator 11. The ultrasonic vibration device 3 further includes an insulating sheath 9 and an armored cable 10. The insulating shell 9 is integrally a hollow round table. The armored cable 10 is arranged at the top of the hollow circular truncated cone, and the ultrasonic vibrators 11 are arranged at the bottom of the hollow circular truncated cone. The hollow shape of the hollow round platform is trumpet-shaped, so that the water guide pipe can conveniently absorb the slurry containing a large amount of sediments at the bottom of the hole. A plurality of the ultrasonic vibrators 11 are rigidly connected together by a bracket.

A hole bottom slag removal method based on cavitation effect reverse circulation comprises the following steps:

s1, arranging the device according to the requirement of the working pile hole; after the mud pit is dug, a mud guard 5 is arranged in the mud pit, the mud guard 5 divides the mud pit into a mud storage pit 4 and a sediment pit 6, and a mud returning groove 8 is arranged between the mud storage pit 4 and the operation pile hole; the ultrasonic vibration device 3 is connected with a power supply through an armored cable 10, the ultrasonic vibration device 3 is arranged below the water guide pipe 2, and a mud pump 7 is connected above the water guide pipe 2; sending the ultrasonic vibration device 3 and the aqueduct 2 connected with the armored cable 10 into the bottom of the hole through the ground cable car retracting device;

s2, debugging equipment and starting slag removal operation; the ultrasonic vibration device 3 adopts an armored cable 10 to be electrified and simultaneously starts an ultrasonic vibrator 11, and the frequency, the power and the like of the ultrasonic vibration device 3 are adjusted through an electric cabinet to reach the optimal value of the cavitation effect of the ultrasonic waves in the liquid; high-frequency current generated by an electric control system above the ground is converted into longitudinal mechanical vibration (> 20000 times/s) through the armored cable 10 and the ultrasonic vibration device 3, the cohesive force of impurities such as silt, floating soil and the like at the bottom of a hole is reduced under the action of ultrasonic vibration and cavitation, and chips wrapped in slurry are quickly separated from the slurry and are precipitated; simultaneously starting a mud pump 7, making the mud containing a large amount of sediment fragments flow into a mud tank by reverse circulation of the mud pump 7, precipitating the impurity of the fragments in the sediment tank 6, making the purified mud flow into a mud storage tank 4, and making the mud in the mud storage tank 4 flow into the hole again through a mud return groove 8 to form a closed loop reverse circulation system so as to repeat the next circulation;

s3, adjusting the position of the device; during the use process, the cable car winding and unwinding device can be used for properly lifting and unwinding to adjust the position of the ultrasonic vibration device 3, so that the ultrasonic vibration and cavitation effect are applied to more efficiently remove slag and accelerate the precipitation of debris wrapped by mud;

s4, finishing the slag removal operation; and after the removal is finished, the power supply and the slurry pump 7 are turned off, and the ultrasonic vibration device 3 and the water guide pipe 2 are lifted out through the ground cable car retracting device to finish the slag removal operation.

The working principle is as follows: when the hole bottom slag removal operation is carried out, firstly, the frequency, the power and the like of the ultrasonic vibration device 3 are adjusted through the electric cabinet, so that the optimal value of the cavitation effect of the ultrasonic waves in the liquid is achieved. In the working process of the ultrasonic vibration device 3, the energy released by collapse of the cavitation bubbles and the high-speed micro-jet flow have strong impact effect on the sediments, the cohesive force, the consolidation force and the internal friction angle among the sediments are damaged, the sediments can be turned up, the surface layer of the sediments is promoted to fall off, and the separation speed of the floating soil and the hole bottom body is accelerated. At the moment, a slurry pump 7 is started to pump slurry containing a large amount of sediments into a sediment tank 6 through a water guide pipe 2, sandy soil and slurry are separated through the sediment tank 6, the sandy soil is precipitated in the sediment tank 6, and the slurry returns to the operation pile hole through a slurry return groove 8 after passing through a slurry storage tank 4.

While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the foregoing embodiments are illustrative and not limiting, and that many changes may be made in the form and details of the embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. All falling within the scope of protection of the present invention.