阅读说明：本技术 一种用于隧道地震波信号采集的无线传感器及方法 (Wireless sensor and method for acquiring tunnel seismic wave signals ) 是由 许新骥 马川义 张庆松 王建森 张宝利 许孝滨 李铎 解冬东 陈磊 于 2020-10-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本公开提供了一种用于隧道地震波信号采集的无线传感器及方法,包括采集器和接收器,采集器包括多个输入模拟通道,每个输入模拟通道通过一模拟/数字转换器连接至第一控制器,所述第一控制器连接第一无线模块；接收器包括第二无线模块,第二无线模块与第二控制器连接,第二控制器连接有多个数字/模拟转换器,每个数字/模拟转换器分别连接有一模拟信号缓冲器,每个模拟信号缓冲器的另一端连接一电压/电流选择转换器,电压/电流选择转换器连接一模拟输出通道,避免有线形式的模拟信号采集系统布线不便的弊端,同时兼顾了无线仪器体积小、重量轻的优点。(The invention provides a wireless sensor and a method for acquiring tunnel seismic wave signals, wherein the wireless sensor comprises a collector and a receiver, the collector comprises a plurality of input analog channels, each input analog channel is connected to a first controller through an analog/digital converter, and the first controller is connected with a first wireless module; the receiver comprises a second wireless module, the second wireless module is connected with a second controller, the second controller is connected with a plurality of digital/analog converters, each digital/analog converter is connected with an analog signal buffer, the other end of each analog signal buffer is connected with a voltage/current selection converter, the voltage/current selection converter is connected with an analog output channel, the defect that a wired analog signal acquisition system is inconvenient to wire is avoided, and meanwhile, the advantages of small size and light weight of a wireless instrument are taken into consideration.)

1. A wireless sensor for acquiring tunnel seismic wave signals is characterized in that: the wireless radio frequency identification device comprises a collector and a receiver, wherein the collector comprises a plurality of input analog channels, each input analog channel is connected to a first controller through an analog/digital converter, and the first controller is connected with a first wireless module;

the receiver comprises a second wireless module, a second controller, a plurality of digital/analog converters, an analog signal buffer and a voltage/current selection converter, the second wireless module is communicated with the first wireless module, the second wireless module is connected with the second controller, the second controller is connected with the plurality of digital/analog converters, each digital/analog converter is connected with one analog signal buffer, the other end of each analog signal buffer is connected with one voltage/current selection converter, and the voltage/current selection converter is connected with one analog output channel.

2. The wireless sensor for acquiring the signals of the tunnel seismic waves as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the first controller is connected with a configuration interface, and the working parameters of the collector are configured through the configuration interface.

3. The wireless sensor for acquiring the signals of the tunnel seismic waves as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the working parameters of the collector comprise wireless frequency points, sampling rate of an analog/digital converter, resolution of the analog/digital converter and the number of channels of input analog signals.

4. A wireless sensor for acquiring tunnel seismic signals as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the first controller configures a wireless channel of a first wireless module through a wireless module interface bus;

or the first controller configures the sampling rate of the analog/digital converter through an ADC control bus, and the first controller reads signal data output by the analog/digital converter through an ADC data bus.

5. The wireless sensor for acquiring the signals of the tunnel seismic waves as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and the first controller resamples the signal data according to the configured sampling rate of the analog/digital converter and the resolution of the analog/digital converter, so that the output resolution and the output sampling rate of the output data meet the configuration requirement.

6. The wireless sensor for acquiring the signals of the tunnel seismic waves as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the first wireless module and the second wireless module are consistent in structure.

7. The wireless sensor for acquiring the signals of the tunnel seismic waves as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the second controller is configured to receive data sent by the second wireless module through the wireless module interface bus, verify the data, and decode the signal data segment code as the basic data of the digital/analog converter when the data is verified correctly.

8. The wireless sensor for acquiring the signals of the tunnel seismic waves as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the analog output channel comprises a range converter, the analog signal buffer buffers analog signals output by the digital/analog converter and then transmits the signals to the voltage/current conversion circuit and the range conversion circuit for signal conversion, so that the purpose of impedance matching of the front stage and the rear stage is achieved, and meanwhile, proper gain adjustment is carried out on the signals; the voltage/current conversion circuit and the range conversion circuit convert the signals output by the analog signal buffer into voltage type analog signals and current type analog signals according to configuration requirements.

9. The wireless sensor for acquiring the signals of the tunnel seismic waves as claimed in claim 8, wherein: the analog signal output form comprises: voltage mode signals and current mode signals;

the voltage type signal range is +/-5V or +/-10V, and bipolar balance output is realized;

when the current type signal range is 0 mA-20 mA, a bipolar current signal is output by taking a signal ground as a reference ground, and the bias current is 10 mA;

when the current type signal range is 4 mA-20 mA, the bipolar current signal is output by taking the signal ground as the reference ground, and the bias current is 12 mA.

10. The working method of the wireless sensor for acquiring the tunnel seismic wave signals, which is based on any one of claims 1 to 9, is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

after the configuration interface receives the configuration information, the first controller judges whether the configuration information is correct, and if the configuration information is correct, the parameters of the input analog channel, the analog/digital converter and the first wireless module are respectively configured;

the first controller selects a corresponding input analog channel to carry out signal acquisition, compresses acquired signal data, packs the data, communicates with the second wireless module through the first wireless module and transmits the data to the receiver;

and after receiving the data given by the second wireless module, the second controller checks the data, decodes the signal data segment codes when the data is checked correctly, selects the number of output channels, and performs digital/analog conversion, buffering and voltage/current selection conversion.

Technical Field

The disclosure belongs to the technical field of wireless sensors, and particularly relates to a wireless sensor and a method for acquiring tunnel seismic wave signals.

Background

The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.

Generally, due to various adverse factors such as narrow tunnel space, large environmental noise, serious electromagnetic interference and the like, instruments used in an inert channel have great limitations, for example, the movement of field construction machinery can damage a laid cable, and for example, the signal-to-noise ratio becomes poor after voltage type signals are transmitted in a wired mode for remote transmission; for another example, because TBMs, shield machines, etc. are mobile construction equipment, the detection points must move along with them, requiring detectors to be installed/removed at any time, and the workload is high for the use of wired instruments.

In order to be used in tunnel construction, a ground seismic wave detection instrument is usually modified and used as a tunnel seismic wave advanced detection technical instrument, the instruments are mostly in a wired analog signal transmission mode, even though the instruments adopting a wireless mode are mostly single-channel instruments, or the number of analog signal channels is small and fixed, and the analog signal channels cannot be modified; when the single-channel instrument is combined into a multi-channel instrument for use, the structure is complex, and the synchronization of data acquisition and the consistency of a system are difficult to realize.

For a wired instrument, an analog signal output by the detector is transmitted to an analog input end of an acquisition system through a cable of tens of meters (the distance between the longest detection points can reach more than 70 meters), in order to improve the transmission quality of the signal, a multi-core shielding cable with a large cross-sectional area is generally adopted, the weight of the cable is large, the operation of cable receiving/discharging is very inconvenient for constructors, and the workload is large and the efficiency is low.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the present disclosure provides a wireless sensor for acquiring a tunnel seismic wave signal, and is based on a wireless digital transmission technology, the seismic wave signal is converted into a digital signal by an acquisition device and is transmitted to a receiver through a wireless channel, and the receiver restores the digital signal into an analog signal.

According to some embodiments, the following technical scheme is adopted in the disclosure:

a wireless sensor for acquiring signals of tunnel seismic waves comprises a collector and a receiver, wherein the collector comprises a plurality of input analog channels, each input analog channel is connected to a first controller through an analog/digital converter, and the first controller is connected with a first wireless module;

the receiver comprises a second wireless module, a second controller, a plurality of digital/analog converters, an analog signal buffer and a voltage/current selection converter, the second wireless module is communicated with the first wireless module, the second wireless module is connected with the second controller, the second controller is connected with the plurality of digital/analog converters, each digital/analog converter is connected with one analog signal buffer, the other end of each analog signal buffer is connected with one voltage/current selection converter, and the voltage/current selection converter is connected with one analog output channel.

As an alternative implementation, the first controller is connected to a configuration interface, and the configuration interface is used to configure the operating parameters of the collector.

As an alternative embodiment, the operating parameters of the collector include a wireless frequency point, an analog/digital converter sampling rate, an analog/digital converter resolution and the number of input analog signal channels.

As an alternative embodiment, the first controller configures a wireless channel of the first wireless module through the wireless module interface bus.

As an alternative embodiment, the first controller configures the sampling rate of the analog/digital converter through the ADC control bus, and the first controller reads the signal data output by the analog/digital converter through the ADC data bus.

As an alternative embodiment, the first controller resamples the signal data according to the configured sampling rate of the analog/digital converter and the resolution of the analog/digital converter, so that the output resolution and the output sampling rate of the output data meet the configuration requirement.

As an alternative embodiment, the first wireless module and the second wireless module have the same structure.

As an alternative embodiment, the second controller is configured to receive data sent by the second wireless module through the wireless module interface bus, verify the data, and decode the signal data segment code as the basic data of the digital/analog converter when the data is verified to be correct.

As an alternative embodiment, the analog output channel includes a range converter, and the analog signal buffer buffers an analog signal output by the digital/analog converter, and then transmits the analog signal to the voltage/current conversion circuit and the range conversion circuit for signal conversion, so as to achieve the purpose of impedance matching between the front stage and the rear stage, and perform appropriate gain adjustment on the signal; the voltage/current conversion circuit and the range conversion circuit convert the signals output by the analog signal buffer into voltage type analog signals and current type analog signals according to configuration requirements.

As an alternative embodiment, the analog signal output form includes: voltage mode signals and current mode signals;

the voltage type signal range is +/-5V or +/-10V, and bipolar balance output is realized;

when the current type signal range is 0 mA-20 mA, a bipolar current signal is output by taking a signal ground as a reference ground, and the bias current is 10 mA;

when the current type signal range is 4 mA-20 mA, the bipolar current signal is output by taking the signal ground as the reference ground, and the bias current is 12 mA.

The working method of the wireless sensor for acquiring the tunnel seismic wave signal comprises the following steps:

after the configuration interface receives the configuration information, the first controller judges whether the configuration information is correct, and if the configuration information is correct, the parameters of the input analog channel, the analog/digital converter and the first wireless module are respectively configured;

the first controller selects a corresponding input analog channel to carry out signal acquisition, compresses acquired signal data, packs the data, communicates with the second wireless module through the first wireless module and transmits the data to the receiver;

and after receiving the data given by the second wireless module, the second controller checks the data, decodes the signal data segment codes when the data is checked correctly, selects the number of output channels, and performs digital/analog conversion, buffering and voltage/current selection conversion.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of this disclosure is:

this disclosed wireless sensor comprises collector and receiver, and through configuration information adjustment both operating condition, configuration information includes: the wireless frequency, the sampling rate, the resolution, the number of analog channels, the output analog signal form and other working parameters, and the application range is wide.

The wireless sensor can avoid the defect of inconvenient wiring of a wired analog signal acquisition system, simultaneously takes into account the advantages of small volume and light weight of a wireless instrument, can also realize the switching of single channels/multiple channels, and is more flexible and convenient to use compared with the traditional single-channel wireless instrument and the wireless instrument with fixed multi-channel number.

The collector and the receiver of the wireless sensor of the present disclosure operate at the same wireless frequency (channel); the collector and the receiver can work in different path number analog input/output channel states; the sampling rate and resolution of analog-to-digital conversion (ADC) of the collector correspond to the sampling rate and resolution of digital-to-analog conversion (DAC) of the receiver one by one, the sampling rate and resolution of the ADC and the sampling rate and resolution of the DAC can be adjusted within a certain range, and the ADC and the DAC are combined with the number of analog channels in a diversified matching manner, so that the requirements of different acquisition systems can be met; the collector carries out compression coding and wireless transmission on the digitized seismic wave signals; the receiver decompresses and restores the received signal into an analog signal, and the output analog signal can be a voltage type signal or a current type signal.

In summary, the present invention can flexibly adjust configuration data acquisition parameters to meet the requirements of different sampling rates and resolutions, can also adjust the number of analog input/output channels according to the requirements, can also adjust the output form between voltage-type and current-type analog signals, and can also adjust the effective dynamic range of the output signals (the dynamic range of the voltage signals or the dynamic range of the current signals), such as the above functions, thereby solving the analog signal transmission problem in the situation that wired signal transmission is inconvenient to adopt in tunnel construction, overcoming many limited problems and inconveniences in the situation that ground equipment is transformed into tunnel equipment, naturally being applicable to ground, and having the characteristic of wide application range.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure and are not to limit the disclosure.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wireless sensor configuration of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a detailed view of a collector controller of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3 is a detailed diagram of a receiver controller of the present disclosure;

fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an analog output channel of the present disclosure.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

the present disclosure is further described with reference to the following drawings and examples.

It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

In the present disclosure, terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "side", "bottom", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only relational terms determined for convenience in describing structural relationships of the parts or elements of the present disclosure, and do not refer to any parts or elements of the present disclosure, and are not to be construed as limiting the present disclosure.

In the present disclosure, terms such as "fixedly connected", "connected", and the like are to be understood in a broad sense, and mean either a fixed connection or an integrally connected or detachable connection; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present disclosure can be determined on a case-by-case basis by persons skilled in the relevant art or technicians, and are not to be construed as limitations of the present disclosure.

As shown in fig. 1, a wireless sensor for acquiring a tunnel seismic wave signal is composed of an acquisition unit and a receiver; the collector comprises an input analog channel, an analog/digital converter (ADC), a controller, a wireless module and the like; the receiver includes a wireless module, a controller, a digital/analog converter DAC, an amplifier AMP, a voltage/current selection converter, and the like.

The collector can configure working parameters through a configuration interface: wireless frequency points (channels), ADC sampling rate, ADC resolution, the number of channels for inputting analog signals and the like;

the receiver may be configured by a configuration interface: wireless frequency points (channels), DAC sampling rate, DAC resolution, the number of channels for outputting analog signals, the output form of the analog signals and the like;

the collector can collect 1, 2, 3 or 4 paths of analog signals, converts the analog signals into digital signals through the ADC, and compresses and codes the digital signals;

the receiver decompresses and restores the received digital signals into signal data, and restores the signal data into analog signals through a DAC converter, and the number of analog output channels can be 1 channel, 2 channels, 3 channels or 4 channels;

the working parameters of the collector and the receiver correspond to each other one by one;

the collector and the receiver work at the same wireless frequency point (channel);

the ADC sampling rate and ADC resolution of the collector are the same as the DAC sampling rate and DAC resolution of the receiver;

the number of input analog channels of the collector is the same as that of output analog channels of the receiver.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the collector may configure the working parameters of the collector through the configuration interface: wireless frequency points (channels), ADC sampling rate, ADC resolution, the number of channels for inputting analog signals and the like; the working parameters are configured by the analog input channel selection control bus, the ADC data bus, the wireless module interface bus and the like after the configuration interface receives the configuration information and the collector control kernel judges that the configuration information is correct.

The collector control kernel selects a control bus to enable a corresponding input analog channel through an analog input channel, related circuits are powered on to enter a normal working state, and other analog channels which are not enabled are kept in a power-down state to reduce power consumption;

the collector control kernel configures a wireless channel of a wireless module through a wireless module interface bus, and the wireless channel is the same as a wireless module in the receiver;

the collector control kernel configures the sampling rate of the ADC through an ADC control bus, and simultaneously reads signal data output by the ADC through an ADC data bus; the working sampling rate of the ADC converter is higher than or equal to the sampling rate in the configuration information, and the data resolution is a fixed value of 24 bits; the output resolution is 24bit, 16bit or 8 bit;

the collector control kernel resamples the signal data according to the configured ADC sampling rate and ADC resolution, so that the output resolution and the output sampling rate of the output data meet the configuration requirements;

according to the sampling rate and the resolution of the ADC converter of the collector, the working mode combination shown in the following table can be realized by combining the ADC sampling rate, the ADC resolution and the number of channels of input analog signals required by a configuration interface:

after the data processing is finished by the collector control kernel, compressing the signal data and packaging the data; the collector control kernel writes the packed data into a wireless module through a wireless module interface bus; the wireless module transmits data to a receiver.

As shown in fig. 3, the receiver may configure the operating parameters of the receiver through the configuration interface: wireless frequency points (channels), DAC sampling rate, DAC resolution, the number of channels for outputting analog signals, the output form of the analog signals and the like; and the working parameters are configured by respectively finishing a control bus of an analog signal output form, a DAC control bus, a DAC data bus, a wireless module interface bus and the like when the receiver control kernel judges that the configuration information is correct after the configuration interface receives the configuration information.

The receiver control kernel configures a wireless channel of a wireless module through a wireless module interface bus, and the wireless channel is the same as the wireless module in the collector; after the receiver control kernel receives the data given by the wireless module through the wireless module interface bus, the data is verified, and when the verification is correct, the signal data segment codes are decoded to be used as basic data for DAC conversion;

the receiver control core configures the sampling rate of the DAC converter through the DAC control bus, while the receiver control core writes signal data to the DAC converter through the DAC data bus.

The DAC converter data resolution is a fixed value 24 bit; according to configuration requirements, a receiver control kernel carries out gain adjustment on the received basic data with the resolution of 24 bits, 16 bits or 8 bits, and the adjusted signal data meets the data format requirement of a 24-bit DAC converter and is matched with the gain of the subsequent analog circuit, so that the gain adjustment effect is achieved, and the adjustment of the measuring range is completed by combining with a hardware circuit;

the receiver control kernel enables the corresponding output analog channel and the output analog signal form through the analog signal output form control bus, the related circuit is powered on to enter a normal working state, and other analog channels which are not enabled are kept in a power-down state to reduce power consumption.

As shown in fig. 4, each output analog channel includes an amplifier AMP, a voltage-to-current converter, and a range converter; the amplifier AMP buffers the analog signals output by the DAC, and then transmits the analog signals to the voltage/current conversion circuit and the range conversion circuit for signal conversion, so that the purpose of impedance matching of the front stage and the rear stage is achieved, and meanwhile, proper gain adjustment is carried out on the signals.

The voltage/current conversion circuit and the range conversion circuit can convert the signal output by the AMP into a voltage type analog signal and a current type analog signal according to configuration requirements, wherein the range of the voltage type analog signal is +/-5V or +/-10V, and the range of the current type analog signal is 0 mA-20 mA or 4 mA-20 mA;

the voltage type signal is a bipolar signal and is transmitted in a differential pair mode through a twisted pair in a balanced mode;

the current type signal and the signal reference ground form a current loop, the maximum loop direct current impedance is not more than 600 ohms, and the driving voltage is 18V-30V; the current type signal is a bipolar current signal, the bias is at the middle current value of the range, the bias current is 10mA in the range of 0 mA-20 mA, and the bias current is 12mA in the range of 4 mA-20 mA.

The wireless sensor based on the wireless digital transmission technology and used for seismic wave signal acquisition and advanced prediction can flexibly configure the number of analog input channels and the number of analog output channels, can set 1-path, 2-path and 3-path analog signal input channels, can maximally use 4 analog signal input channels, and can be in a power-down state of a low-power consumption state in unused internal analog channels; the present embodiment can provide various external analog signal input interfaces and analog signal output interfaces.

In this embodiment, the collector of each collection point is connected to the detector through a shielded cable with a length of only a few meters and a small cross-sectional area, and the total weight of the collection point consisting of 12 sets of the detector, the cable and the collector is far less than the weight of the cable of the wired instrument. For wireless equipment, the analog signal input port of the collector can be miniaturized and lightened, cable remote transmission is not needed, the signal driving capacity can be reduced, the power consumption is reduced along with the signal driving capacity, and the capacity, the weight and the size of a built-in battery of a system power supply part are synchronously reduced on the premise of ensuring the working duration. Therefore, the weight and the volume of the whole set of instrument are reduced, the instrument is favorable for carrying and moving, the workload and the strength for laying collection points are reduced, and the efficiency is greatly improved.

This embodiment avoids the inconvenient drawback of wired form's analog signal collection system wiring promptly like this, has compromise wireless instrument small, light in weight's advantage simultaneously, can also realize the switching of single channel/multichannel, and it is more nimble convenient to compare the wireless instrument use of traditional single channel wireless instrument and fixed multichannel number.

The above examples only describe a part of the existing actual application scenarios, and do not represent all existing or future developed new application scenarios.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure and is not intended to limit the present disclosure, and various modifications and changes may be made to the present disclosure by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure should be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure.

Although the present disclosure has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it should be understood that the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.