阅读说明：本技术 同时源随机激发方法、系统及装置 (Simultaneous source random excitation method, system and device ) 是由 倪宇东 韩志雄 卢秀丽 马涛 门哲 余建鹏 于 2020-11-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种同时源随机激发方法、系统及装置,涉及石油勘探技术领域,该方法应用于地震仪器,包括：获取多个参考信号；任意两个参考信号的类型不同；将多个参考信号发送至多个目标可控震源,以使多个目标可控震源按照参考信号进行激发；记录多个目标可控震源激发生成的生产信号；将参考信号与生产信号进行互相关处理,得到同时源随机激发结果。本发明实施例可控震源在随机激发位置、随机激发时间按照不同类型的参考信号进行激发,从而使邻炮干扰更加随机,有利于后续相应的数据分离、噪音去除等处理,实现采集效果与现有高效方法一致但效率大幅提高的目的。(The invention provides a simultaneous source random excitation method, a system and a device, which relate to the technical field of petroleum exploration, and the method is applied to a seismic instrument and comprises the following steps: acquiring a plurality of reference signals; the types of any two reference signals are different; sending the plurality of reference signals to a plurality of target vibroseiss so that the plurality of target vibroseiss are excited according to the reference signals; recording production signals generated by the excitation of a plurality of target controllable seismic sources; and performing cross-correlation processing on the reference signal and the production signal to obtain a simultaneous source random excitation result. According to the method and the device, the vibroseis is excited at the random excitation position and at the random excitation time according to different types of reference signals, so that the interference of adjacent cannons is more random, the subsequent corresponding data separation, noise removal and other processing are facilitated, and the purposes that the acquisition effect is consistent with that of the conventional high-efficiency method, but the efficiency is greatly improved are achieved.)

1. A simultaneous source random excitation method for use in a seismic instrument, the method comprising:

acquiring a plurality of reference signals; any two of the reference signals are of different types;

transmitting the reference signals to a plurality of target vibroseiss so that the target vibroseiss are excited according to the reference signals;

recording production signals generated by the excitation of the plurality of target controllable seismic sources;

and performing cross-correlation processing on the reference signal and the production signal to obtain a simultaneous source random excitation result.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein transmitting the plurality of reference signals to a plurality of target vibroseis comprises:

numbering the reference signals and the target vibroseiss respectively to obtain numbering results;

and sending each reference signal to a target vibroseis according to the numbering result.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein cross-correlating the reference signal with the production signal comprises:

acquiring excitation position information of a plurality of target controllable seismic sources;

segmenting the production signal according to the excitation position information, the excitation time information and the scanning length information to obtain related pre-records;

performing cross-correlation processing on the reference signal and the pre-correlation record to obtain a post-correlation record;

and taking the correlated record as a simultaneous source random excitation result.

4. A method according to any of claims 1-3, characterized in that the type of the reference signal comprises at least one or several of the following signal types:

linear up-converting signals, linear down-converting signals, non-linear compensated low frequency signals, non-linear compensated high frequency signals, and series signals.

5. A simultaneous source stochastic excitation method applied to a vibroseis, the method comprising:

receiving excitation position information and a reference signal sent by a seismic instrument; the reference signal is of a different type class than a reference signal received by any vibroseis other than the vibroseis;

and carrying out excitation according to the reference signal and the excitation position information to generate a production signal.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the type of the reference signal comprises at least one or more of the following signal types:

linear up-converting signals, linear down-converting signals, non-linear compensated low frequency signals, non-linear compensated high frequency signals, and series signals.

7. A simultaneous source random excitation device for use in a seismic instrument, the device comprising:

an acquisition module for acquiring a plurality of reference signals; any two of the reference signals are of different types;

a transmitting module, configured to transmit the reference signals to a plurality of target vibroseiss, so that the target vibroseiss are excited according to the reference signals;

the recording module is used for recording production signals generated by the excitation of the target controllable seismic sources;

and the cross-correlation module is used for performing cross-correlation processing on the reference signal and the production signal to obtain a simultaneous source random excitation result.

8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the sending module is specifically configured to:

numbering the reference signals and the target vibroseiss respectively to obtain numbering results;

and sending each reference signal to a target vibroseis according to the numbering result.

9. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the cross-correlation module is specifically configured to:

acquiring excitation position information of a plurality of target controllable seismic sources;

segmenting the production signal according to the excitation position information, the excitation time information and the scanning length information to obtain related pre-records;

performing cross-correlation processing on the reference signal and the pre-correlation record to obtain a post-correlation record;

and taking the correlated record as a simultaneous source random excitation result.

10. The apparatus according to any of claims 7-9, wherein the type of the reference signal comprises at least one or several of the following signal types:

linear up-converting signals, linear down-converting signals, non-linear compensated low frequency signals, non-linear compensated high frequency signals, and series signals.

11. A simultaneous source random excitation apparatus for use in a vibroseis, the apparatus comprising:

the receiving module is used for receiving the excitation position information and the reference signal sent by the seismic instrument; the reference signal is of a different type class than a reference signal received by any vibroseis other than the vibroseis;

and the excitation module is used for exciting according to the reference signal and the excitation position information to generate a production signal.

12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the types of the reference signals comprise at least one or more of the following signal types:

linear up-converting signals, linear down-converting signals, non-linear compensated low frequency signals, non-linear compensated high frequency signals, and series signals.

13. A simultaneous source stochastic excitation system comprising a seismic instrument and a plurality of vibroseis; the seismic instrument is in communication connection with each of the controllable seismic sources;

the seismic instrument comprising the simultaneous source random excitation device of any one of claims 7-10;

each of the vibroseis comprises the simultaneous source stochastic excitation device of any one of claims 11 to 12.

14. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the method of any one of claims 1 to 6 when executing the computer program.

15. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program for executing the method of any one of claims 1 to 6.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum exploration, in particular to a simultaneous source random excitation method, a system and a device.

Background

With the continuous development of oil exploration technology, seismic exploration has realized the transition from traditional tectonic exploration to lithologic exploration, deep exploration and fine exploration. In recent years, the seismic exploration and acquisition method is widely applied to the technical field of land seismic exploration for exploration and exploitation of land petroleum, natural gas, shale gas, coal bed gas, combustible ice and solid mineral resources, and brings about rapid expansion of seismic exploration workload and data acquisition amount. In recent years, the seismic exploration industry starts to research and provide a high-efficiency vibroseis acquisition method, and the main purpose is to achieve balance between high-density workload and reduction of input cost by a method for improving production efficiency.

At present, various most popular high-efficiency acquisition methods are greatly improved in acquisition efficiency compared with the conventional methods, but the problems of uniform excitation signals, fixed relative distance of excitation sources, limited excitation time by sliding time and the like still exist, and the production efficiency is limited to a certain extent. Meanwhile, under the condition of fixed space and time interval, the interference of adjacent shots has a certain rule relatively when the shot point domain appears, is similar to the regular interference, is not easy to remove in the subsequent processing process, and influences the quality of data.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a simultaneous source random excitation method, a simultaneous source random excitation system and a simultaneous source random excitation device, which can realize aliasing continuous acquisition of synchronous excitation, random excitation position and random excitation time of various excitation signals.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a simultaneous source random excitation method, which is applied to a seismic instrument, and includes: acquiring a plurality of reference signals; any two of the reference signals are of different types; transmitting the reference signals to a plurality of target vibroseiss so that the target vibroseiss are excited according to the reference signals; recording production signals generated by the excitation of the plurality of target controllable seismic sources; and performing cross-correlation processing on the reference signal and the production signal to obtain a simultaneous source random excitation result.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a simultaneous source stochastic excitation method, which is applied to a vibroseis, and includes: receiving excitation position information and a reference signal sent by a seismic instrument; the reference signal is of a different type class than a reference signal received by any vibroseis other than the vibroseis; and exciting according to the reference signal and the excitation position information to generate a production signal:

in a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a simultaneous source random excitation apparatus, which is applied to a seismic instrument, and the apparatus includes: an acquisition module for acquiring a plurality of reference signals; any two of the reference signals are of different types; a transmitting module, configured to transmit the reference signals to a plurality of target vibroseiss, so that the target vibroseiss are excited according to the reference signals; the recording module is used for recording production signals generated by the excitation of the target controllable seismic sources; and the cross-correlation module is used for performing cross-correlation processing on the reference signal and the production signal to obtain a simultaneous source random excitation result.

In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a simultaneous source random excitation apparatus, which is applied to a vibroseis, and includes: the receiving module is used for receiving the excitation position information and the reference signal sent by the seismic instrument; the reference signal is of a different type class than a reference signal received by any vibroseis other than the vibroseis; and the excitation module is used for exciting according to the reference signal and the excitation position information to generate a production signal.

In a fifth aspect, embodiments of the present invention further provide a simultaneous source stochastic excitation system, including a seismic instrument and a plurality of vibroseiss; the seismic instrument comprises the simultaneous source random excitation device; each of the vibroseis comprises the simultaneous source random excitation device.

In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer device, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, where the processor implements the above simultaneous source random excitation method when executing the computer program.

In a seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, where a computer program for executing the above simultaneous source random excitation method is stored in the computer-readable storage medium.

The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects: the embodiment of the invention provides a simultaneous source random excitation scheme, which is applied to a seismic instrument and comprises the steps of firstly acquiring a plurality of reference signals; the types of any two reference signals are different; sending the plurality of reference signals to a plurality of target vibroseiss so that the plurality of target vibroseiss are excited according to the reference signals; recording production signals generated by the excitation of a plurality of target controllable seismic sources; and performing cross-correlation processing on the reference signal and the production signal to obtain a simultaneous source random excitation result. According to the method and the device, the vibroseis is excited at the random excitation position and at the random excitation time according to different types of reference signals, so that the interference of adjacent cannons is more random, the subsequent corresponding data separation, noise removal and other processing are facilitated, and the purposes that the acquisition effect is consistent with that of the conventional high-efficiency method, but the efficiency is greatly improved are achieved.

Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.

In order to make the aforementioned and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a simultaneous source random excitation method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of another simultaneous source random excitation method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a forward model according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a linear up-scan signal according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a linear down-scan signal according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an up-scan signal with a non-linearity factor of 0.2 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a down-converting scanning signal with a non-linearity factor of minus 0.2 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a 40Hz shaped Rake wavelet provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a diagram of shaped Shu's wavelets with integration upper and lower bounds 13 and 45 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a continuous recording before aliasing acquisition correlation provided by an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of forward modeling correlation records obtained by simultaneous source efficient acquisition according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of denoised shot gather records according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a block diagram of a simultaneous source random excitation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a block diagram of another simultaneous source random excitation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 15 is a block diagram of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

At present, in the conventional and efficient vibroseis construction, the same excitation signal, such as a linear up-conversion signal, a linear down-conversion signal, or a nonlinear signal, is generally used in the same work area. This condition effectively ensures the consistency of the excitation signal. However, in some regions with complex terrain or complex underground geological structures, the same excitation signal is not flexible enough in this case.

The conventional vibroseis efficient construction method comprises alternate scanning, sliding scanning, dynamic distance sliding scanning and the like, wherein the relative excitation positions of different vibroseis or vibroseis groups are fixed, and each vibroseis or each vibroseis group is responsible for a relatively fixed area so as to ensure that the interference among the vibroseis or the vibroseis groups is minimum. Such as a dynamic sweep of distances, each source (or group) is spaced 12 km apart to ensure that adjacent shot interference is minimized. The sliding scans also have different firing spacings.

And the excitation time of each (group of) controllable seismic sources is limited. When the previous seismic source scans, the second seismic source needs to wait for the end of the scanning of the first seismic source or the specified sliding scanning time before the scanning can be activated. This excitation limits the efficiency of the construction to a certain extent.

Based on the above, the method, the system and the device for simultaneous source random excitation provided by the embodiment of the invention can be used in the technical field of land seismic exploration for exploration and exploitation of land petroleum, natural gas, shale gas, coal bed gas, combustible ice and solid mineral resources. The method can distribute signals with different frequencies, amplitudes and the like to different seismic sources according to the actual signal requirements of a work area so as to obtain ideal underground reflection information.

For the understanding of the present embodiment, a detailed description will be given to a simultaneous source random excitation method disclosed in the present embodiment.

The embodiment of the invention provides a simultaneous source random excitation method, which is shown in a flow chart of the simultaneous source random excitation method shown in figure 1 and comprises the following steps:

step S102, a plurality of reference signals are acquired.

In the embodiment of the present invention, any two reference signals are different in type. The difference in type may be the difference in frequency of the two reference signals or the difference in non-linearity factor, etc. The specific different parameters may be set according to actual requirements, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present invention.

It should be noted that the reference signal may be generated by the seismic instrument itself, or may be generated by other software.

Step S104, sending the plurality of reference signals to a plurality of target vibroseiss so that the plurality of target vibroseiss are excited according to the reference signals.

In embodiments of the invention, a plurality of target vibroseiss are communicatively connected to the seismic instrument, for example, reference signals may be transmitted to the target vibroseiss by wireless communication, and each target vibroseis may excite a different type of reference signal than the other target vibroseiss. After the target controllable seismic source receives the reference signal, the target controllable seismic source can be automatically excited to produce at random positions according to random time after preparation.

And step S106, recording production signals generated by the excitation of a plurality of target controllable seismic sources.

In the embodiment of the invention, after the production signal is excited by the controllable seismic source, the target controllable seismic source starts scanning after receiving the reference signal, and the actually generated signal received by the formation reflection detector is transmitted back to the seismic instrument as the production signal after scanning.

It should be noted that the method can be implemented in field construction or indoor simulation. During field construction, the seismic instrument automatically distributes different reference signals to different controllable seismic sources through wireless transmission according to setting, the controllable seismic sources start scanning after receiving the reference signals, and the actually generated signals are transmitted back to the instrument for recording after scanning. And during indoor simulation, different seismic reference signals are defined for different controllable seismic sources, during simulation excitation, software automatically matches different signals to corresponding excitation points, and the signals given by the software automatically according to the reference signals are used as production signals.

And S108, performing cross-correlation processing on the reference signal and the production signal to obtain a simultaneous source random excitation result.

In the embodiment of the invention, the reference signal of each controllable seismic source and the record before the correlation are used for cross-correlation processing, the correlated common shot point gather data is obtained, and the random excitation result of the simultaneous source is obtained. The pre-correlation record includes a production signal.

The embodiment of the invention provides a simultaneous source random excitation scheme, which is applied to a seismic instrument and comprises the steps of firstly acquiring a plurality of reference signals; the types of any two reference signals are different; sending the plurality of reference signals to a plurality of target vibroseiss so that the plurality of target vibroseiss are excited according to the reference signals; recording production signals generated by the excitation of a plurality of target controllable seismic sources; and performing cross-correlation processing on the reference signal and the production signal to obtain a simultaneous source random excitation result. According to the method and the device, the vibroseis is excited at the random excitation position and at the random excitation time according to different types of reference signals, so that the interference of adjacent cannons is more random, the subsequent corresponding data separation, noise removal and other processing are facilitated, and the purposes that the acquisition effect is consistent with that of the conventional high-efficiency method, but the efficiency is greatly improved are achieved.

In order to ensure that each target vibroseis receives different types of reference signals, a plurality of reference signals are transmitted to a plurality of target vibroseiss, which can be performed according to the following steps:

respectively numbering a plurality of reference signals and a plurality of target controllable seismic sources to obtain numbering results; and sending each reference signal to a target vibroseis according to the numbering result.

In an embodiment of the invention, the numbering results are obtained by numbering, and each reference signal is sent to a target vibroseis according to the numbering results, for example, signal 1 is assigned to seismic source a, signal 2 is assigned to seismic source b, and so on.

In order to obtain more accurate excitation data, the cross-correlation processing of the reference signal and the production signal can be performed according to the following steps:

acquiring excitation position information of a plurality of target controllable seismic sources; segmenting the production signal according to the excitation position information, the excitation time information and the scanning length information to obtain related pre-records; performing cross-correlation processing on the reference signal and the pre-correlation record to obtain a post-correlation record; and recording the correlated result as a simultaneous source random excitation result.

In the embodiment of the invention, the method is realized in field construction, and a GPS positioning system can be used for acquiring the excitation position information of the target vibroseis; the method is realized in indoor simulation, and the excitation position information of the target vibroseis can be artificially given. The production signal is the pre-correlation signal.

In one embodiment, the types of reference signals include at least one or more of the following signal types: linear up-converting signals, linear down-converting signals, non-linear compensated low frequency signals, non-linear compensated high frequency signals, and series signals.

The following describes the steps of the method in a specific embodiment.

The case is "based on simple layer model". Firstly, a simple layer model is established, and 10 scanning signals with the same frequency and different modes are adopted for excitation signals and distributed to 10 controllable seismic sources. And randomly exciting the excitation points on the excitation points which are randomly distributed and arranged on the 10 controllable seismic sources at the excitation time point calculated by the random function.

The software utilizes the acoustic wave equation to carry out forward modeling to form continuous aliasing correlation pre-record, then the software correlates the reference signal and the force signal, and automatically divides data according to parameters such as excitation point time, scanning length, recording time and the like to form correlation post-single shot record of a shot point domain.

And converting the single shot record of the shot field into other fields (a detection field and a CMP field), and converting the adjacent shot interference into random interference.

1. And establishing a forward model.

The length of the model is 5 km, and the depth is 3 km. A southeast inclined normal fault is formed in the position from 700 meters to 2200 meters, and a lens body structure is arranged in the middle of the model with the depth of 1.5 kilometers. The layer velocity is from 1500 m/s to 4500 m/s and the lens velocity is 4000 m/s, as shown in fig. 3.

The track distance of arrangement is 10 meters, the gun distance is 10 meters, and 500 tracks of full arrangement are blasted in the middle and received at two ends. The first shot starts from the middle of the 100 th and 101 th passes, and the excitation of 400 shots is estimated.

2. The scanning signal used.

Forward simulations used 10 different scan signals.

The frequency of the signal was 3-84Hz, the scan length was 12s, the start and end ramps were both 350, and the start phase was 0. The signals are distinguished by the scanning type, and respectively adopt linear frequency increasing, linear frequency decreasing, nonlinear scanning with different nonlinear factors, Rake wavelets, Shu's wavelet shaping scanning and the like.

The scanning signal 1 is a linear up-conversion signal (shown in fig. 4);

the scanning signal 2 is a linear down-conversion signal (shown in fig. 5);

the scanning signals 3 to 6 are nonlinear scanning signals of a dB-Hz type with different nonlinear factors (figure 6 and figure 7);

the scanning signals 7 and 8 are nonlinear scanning signals of a dB-Oct type with different nonlinear factors;

the scanning signal 9 is a Rake wavelet with 40Hz dominant frequency, see FIG. 8;

the scanning signal 10 is a Shu wavelet with integration upper and lower limits of 13, 45 respectively, as shown in FIG. 9. See table 1 below for details.

TABLE 1

Ten signals will be assigned to ten vibroseis.

3. And determining random time and distance.

Signals are assigned to the vibroseis, signal 1 to source a, signal 2 to source b, and so on.

During field construction, the controllable seismic source autonomously and randomly drives to an excitation point position according to the principle of proximity, autonomous excitation can be realized after preparation is finished, and after scanning is finished, the controllable seismic source continues to move to the next excitation point according to the principle of proximity. The scanning of other seismic sources is not required to be finished, and a certain minimum distance is not required to be kept between the seismic sources and other seismic sources. Random excitation of random time and random distance in the true sense is realized.

During indoor forward modeling, the controllable seismic source distance is randomly set in software, and the excitation time is generated according to a random function.

4. The forward modeling uses a method.

The embodiment of the invention realizes forward modeling by utilizing the acoustic wave equation.

The designed signal is read into the software as a scan signal and force signal file simultaneously. Then, parameters such as termination frequency, scanning length, sampling interval, harmonic order and the like of each signal are set.

And arranging a plurality of excitation groups on the forward model according to the arrangement length, wherein each group comprises 20 excitation points, the number of the excitation points is 1-20, 10 forward seismic sources are distributed to different excitation signals, and the excitation groups are responsible for 2 excitation points. The No. 1 and No. 11 excitation points adopt a first excitation signal, the No. 2 and No. 12 excitation points adopt a second excitation signal, and the like.

The excitation time adopts any random mode, and the excitation starting time is generated by a random function and is not limited by other seismic source states. The random start time is an integer multiple of the sampling rate. Namely, it is

Ti＝Ti-1+N×S

Wherein: ti is the excitation time of the ith cannon randomly generated by the software;

ti-1 is the excitation time of the i-1 st cannon;

n is a random constant and a positive integer;

s is the sampling interval, this simulation is 2 ms.

Sound wave simulations generated continuous data before correlation as shown in fig. 10, a number of shot gather records were aliased onto one record. During field production, each shot is divided according to GPS starting time service and indoor simulation according to starting time, scanning length, recording time and the like generated by a random function, and then correlated with a reference signal to form a correlated shot gather record of each shot, as shown in FIG. 11.

Meanwhile, the main cannon on the cannon record of the source random high-efficiency acquisition mode has interference of adjacent cannons on different offset distances, the interference of the adjacent cannons is displayed as irregular interference in non-cannon point domains (such as a detection point domain, a CMP domain and the like), the more random the excitation time, the more irregular the interference of the adjacent cannons in the non-cannon point domains is, and the easier the interference is to remove.

FIG. 12 is a record of the shot gather record of FIG. 11 converted back to the shot gather after conversion to CMP domain de-noising, and it can be seen that the first arrival interference of 5 adjacent shots is substantially removed.

It should be noted that the scheme can be implemented in field construction or indoor simulation.

During field construction, the seismic instrument automatically distributes different reference signals to different controllable seismic sources through wireless transmission according to setting, the controllable seismic sources start scanning after receiving the reference signals, actually generated signals are transmitted back to the instrument after scanning, and the instrument correlates the two signals to form seismic records.

And during indoor simulation, different seismic reference signals are defined for different controllable seismic sources, and during simulation excitation, software automatically matches different signals to corresponding excitation points to simulate corresponding seismic records.

The embodiment of the invention provides a simultaneous source random excitation method, which automatically distributes different reference signals to each controllable seismic source which is synchronously excited by utilizing a database; production can be triggered after the preparation of the controllable seismic source is finished, and the position and the triggering time of the controllable seismic source are not limited; continuously recording seismic waves and segmenting related records according to the excitation point position, the excitation time and the receiving arrangement length of the controllable seismic source; and performing cross-correlation processing on each vibroseis reference signal and the record before correlation to obtain the correlated common shot gather data. Different excitation signals are adopted in different areas of the same work area, and the signal types suitable for different areas are determined according to the analysis of the geological structure, the seismic horizon and the lithology of the work area. The method has the advantages that different seismic excitation signals such as linear frequency rising, linear frequency reduction, nonlinear compensation low frequency, nonlinear compensation high frequency, series signals and the like are read into a seismic instrument database or seismic acquisition software, the problem that the construction efficiency of synchronously exciting the controllable seismic sources is limited by excitation time and distance between the controllable seismic sources is solved, noise interference of adjacent guns can be weakened, and construction efficiency is improved.

The method solves the problems of single signal source, stimulated emission time of vibroseis construction efficiency and distance limitation between the vibroseiss of the existing popular high-efficiency acquisition method, and can realize aliasing continuous acquisition of synchronous excitation, random excitation positions and random excitation time of various excitation signals. The synchronous excitation of various signals can adopt flexible excitation signals in different areas according to different geological and surface conditions; the controllable seismic source excitation position randomly ensures that the controllable seismic source can freely select the nearest excitation point for construction; the random excitation time can ensure that the controllable seismic source does not need to wait for the limitation of other seismic sources or sliding time after reaching the excitation point position, and the controllable seismic source is immediately excited. The random excitation position and the random excitation time are adopted, the interference of adjacent cannons is more random, the subsequent corresponding data separation, noise removal and other processing are facilitated, and the purpose that the acquisition effect is consistent with that of other high-efficiency methods, but the efficiency is greatly improved is achieved. Meanwhile, the source random high-efficiency excitation acquisition has the characteristics of flexibility, freedom, high efficiency, weak adjacent shot aliasing interference and the like.

Referring to another flow chart of the simultaneous source stochastic excitation method shown in fig. 2, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a simultaneous source stochastic excitation method applied to a vibroseis, where the method may be performed according to the following steps:

step S202, receiving excitation position information and a reference signal sent by a seismic instrument; the reference signal is different from the type of the reference signal received by any vibroseis except the vibroseis;

and step S204, exciting according to the reference signal and the excitation position information to generate a production signal.

In one embodiment, the types of reference signals include at least one or more of the following signal types: linear up-converting signals, linear down-converting signals, non-linear compensated low frequency signals, non-linear compensated high frequency signals, and series signals.

The invention provides a simultaneous source random excitation method, which realizes the design of adopting various excitation signals in the same work area, automatically distributes different excitation signals to each controllable seismic source by utilizing a database for synchronous excitation, and the controllable seismic sources are not limited in excitation space position and excitation time.

The unlimited excitation space distance means that each controllable seismic source can reach an excitation point position according to the principle of proximity, the independent excitation can be carried out without keeping a fixed distance with another controllable seismic source, the instrument carries out continuous recording, and the continuous recording is subsequently segmented according to the GPS time service time, the scanning length and the like to form related pre-recording.

The unlimited excitation time means that the controllable seismic source can be excited immediately after reaching the excitation point position without waiting for whether other seismic sources finish scanning or the restriction of sliding time. Under the condition, the time of the adjacent shot interference is more random, and the adjacent shot interference can be removed more conveniently, so that the intensity of the adjacent shot interference collected efficiently is reduced.

Compared with the conventional high-efficiency mode, the construction mode can greatly improve the construction efficiency. More random adjacent shot interference is brought in the acquisition process. The construction efficiency can be greatly improved, and the possibility is provided for high-density acquisition. The interference of adjacent cannons can be suppressed through high covering times, so that a good effect is achieved.

The embodiment of the invention also provides a simultaneous source random excitation device, which is described in the following embodiment. Because the principle of the device for solving the problems is similar to that of the simultaneous source random excitation method, the implementation of the device can refer to the implementation of the simultaneous source random excitation method, and repeated details are not repeated. Referring to a block diagram of a structure of a simultaneous source random excitation device shown in fig. 13, the device is applied to a seismic instrument and comprises:

an obtaining module 71, configured to obtain a plurality of reference signals; the types of any two reference signals are different; a transmitting module 72, configured to transmit the reference signals to the target vibroseiss, so that the target vibroseiss are excited according to the reference signals; a recording module 73 for recording production signals generated by the excitation of a plurality of target vibroseis; and a cross-correlation module 74, configured to perform cross-correlation processing on the reference signal and the production signal to obtain a simultaneous source random excitation result.

In one embodiment, the sending module is specifically configured to: respectively numbering a plurality of reference signals and a plurality of target controllable seismic sources to obtain numbering results; and sending each reference signal to a target vibroseis according to the numbering result.

In one embodiment, the cross-correlation module is specifically configured to: acquiring excitation position information of a plurality of target controllable seismic sources; segmenting the production signal according to the sending position information, the excitation time information and the scanning length information to obtain related pre-records; performing cross-correlation processing on the reference signal and the pre-correlation record to obtain a post-correlation record; and recording the correlated result as a simultaneous source random excitation result.

In one embodiment, the types of reference signals include at least one or more of the following signal types: linear up-converting signals, linear down-converting signals, non-linear compensated low frequency signals, non-linear compensated high frequency signals, and series signals.

The embodiment of the invention also provides a simultaneous source random excitation device, which is described in the following embodiment. Because the principle of the device for solving the problems is similar to that of the simultaneous source random excitation method, the implementation of the device can refer to the implementation of the simultaneous source random excitation method, and repeated details are not repeated. Referring to fig. 14, a block diagram of a simultaneous source random excitation apparatus for a vibroseis includes:

the receiving module 81 is used for receiving the excitation position information and the reference signal sent by the seismic instrument; the reference signal is different from the type of the reference signal received by any vibroseis except the vibroseis; and the excitation module 82 is used for exciting according to the reference signal and the excitation position information to generate a production signal.

In one embodiment, the types of reference signals include at least one or more of the following signal types: linear up-converting signals, linear down-converting signals, non-linear compensated low frequency signals, non-linear compensated high frequency signals, and series signals.

Embodiments of the present invention further provide a simultaneous source random excitation system, as described in the following embodiments.

The system includes a seismic instrument and a plurality of vibroseiss; the seismic instrument is in communication connection with each controllable seismic source; the seismic apparatus comprising the simultaneous source random excitation device of claim; each vibroseis comprises the simultaneous source random excitation device.

An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer device, referring to the schematic block diagram of the structure of the computer device shown in fig. 15, the computer device includes a memory 91, a processor 92, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, and the processor implements the steps of any one of the above methods when executing the computer program.

It can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working process of the computer device described above may refer to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiment, and is not described herein again.

An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, where a computer program for executing any one of the above methods for simultaneous source random excitation is stored in the computer-readable storage medium.

As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.

The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention, which are used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: any person skilled in the art can modify or easily conceive the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent substitutes for some technical features within the technical scope of the present disclosure; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included therein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.