阅读说明：本技术 基于声波检测的主动式施工降噪装置及降噪方法 (Active construction noise reduction device and method based on sound wave detection ) 是由 刘让新 刘滔 程加银 于 2020-09-21 设计创作，主要内容包括：基于声波检测的主动式施工降噪装置,包括降噪处理块,多个降噪处理块组合成组合降噪幕,降噪处理块包括降噪处理基体,降噪处理基体上设有用于导音的导音孔,导音孔和降噪处理基体内设有主动检测降噪处理单元；通过降噪处理基体将噪音声波传导,传导至平行导音孔内,前端的声波传感器对噪音声波进行检测并转化成模拟信号,通过处理器计算实施的声波特性并根据扬声器和声波传感器之间的距离生成相应的调节信号,传送至移相器,通过扬声器反向发出与噪声频率一致、振幅相同但相位相反的声波,达到降噪的效果,本装置通过主动检测和调节使得扬声器发出的声波能实时同步噪声,还可根据现场的环境进行载波调节以达到最优的降噪效果。(The active construction noise reduction device based on sound wave detection comprises a noise reduction processing block, a plurality of noise reduction processing blocks are combined into a combined noise reduction curtain, the noise reduction processing block comprises a noise reduction processing base body, a sound guide hole for sound guide is formed in the noise reduction processing base body, and active detection noise reduction processing units are arranged in the sound guide hole and the noise reduction processing base body; the noise reduction device has the advantages that the noise sound waves are conducted into the parallel sound guide holes through the noise reduction processing base body, the sound wave sensor at the front end detects the noise sound waves and converts the noise sound waves into analog signals, the sound wave characteristics of implementation are calculated through the processor, corresponding adjusting signals are generated according to the distance between the loudspeaker and the sound wave sensor and transmitted to the phase shifter, the sound waves which are consistent with noise frequency, same in amplitude and opposite in phase are reversely sent through the loudspeaker, the noise reduction effect is achieved, the sound waves sent by the loudspeaker can synchronize noise in real time through active detection and adjustment, and carrier adjustment can be carried out according to the field environment to achieve the optimal noise reduction effect.)

1. Active construction noise reduction device based on sound wave detects, its characterized in that: the combined noise reduction curtain (1) is formed by combining a plurality of noise reduction processing blocks (2), each noise reduction processing block (2) comprises a noise reduction processing base body (21), a sound guide hole (26) for guiding sound is formed in each noise reduction processing base body (21), and an active detection noise reduction processing unit (3) is arranged in each sound guide hole (26) and each noise reduction processing base body (21);

the active detection noise reduction processing unit (3) comprises an acoustic wave sensor (31) and a loudspeaker (33) in a sound guide hole (26), and a noise reduction processor (32) on a noise reduction processing base body (21).

2. The active construction noise reduction device based on acoustic wave detection according to claim 1, wherein the sound guide hole (26) comprises a conical sound guide hole (22) formed in the surface of the noise reduction processing substrate (21), a transition hole (23) is connected to the rear end of the conical sound guide hole (22), one end of the transition hole (23) is a circular hole, the other end of the transition hole is a square hole, one end of the square hole of the transition hole (23) is connected to the vertical wave elimination hole (24), and the rear end of the vertical wave elimination hole (24) is connected to the parallel sound guide hole (25).

3. The active construction noise reduction device based on acoustic detection according to claim 2, wherein the vertical wave-damping hole (24) is provided with four sound-damping surfaces, and the opposite sound-damping surfaces are perpendicular to each other.

4. The active construction noise reduction device based on the acoustic wave detection as claimed in claim 2, wherein the noise reduction processor (32) comprises an A/D conversion device (325) connected with the acoustic wave sensor (31), the A/D conversion device (325) is connected with an input end of the noise reduction processor (32), an output end of the noise reduction processor (32) is connected with a carrier power supply (323), the carrier power supply (323) is electrically connected with a frequency and amplitude modulation control circuit (322), the frequency and amplitude modulation control circuit (322) takes the acoustic wave signal transmitted by the acoustic wave sensor (31) as a regulation source, an output end of the frequency and amplitude modulation control circuit (322) is connected with the phase shifter (324), the phase shifter (324) is electrically connected with an output end of the noise reduction processor (32), and an output end of the phase shifter (324) is electrically connected with the loudspeaker (33).

5. An active construction noise reduction device based on acoustic wave detection according to claim 2, wherein: the acoustic wave sensor (31) and the loudspeaker (33) are positioned in the parallel sound guide hole (25).

6. An active construction noise reduction device based on acoustic wave detection according to claim 5, wherein: the sound wave sensor (31) is located at the front end of the parallel sound guiding hole (25), the loudspeaker (33) is located at the rear end of the parallel sound guiding hole (25), and the sensing direction of the sound wave sensor (31) and the sound wave propagation direction of the loudspeaker (33) face the sound guiding hole (26).

7. An active construction noise reduction device based on acoustic wave detection according to claim 1, wherein: the combined noise reduction curtain (1) is provided with noise reduction silencing cotton (4) at the rear part, and the noise reduction silencing cotton (4) is attached to the combined noise reduction curtain (1) in a parallel sound guide hole (25).

8. An active construction noise reduction device based on acoustic wave detection according to claim 6, wherein: the noise reduction treatment substrate (21) is a cuboid.

9. The noise reduction method of the active construction noise reduction device according to any of the above claims 1 to 7, wherein the specific process of noise reduction is as follows:

step one, noise of a construction site is transmitted to the combined noise reduction curtain (1), and noise sound waves are transmitted to the interior of the noise reduction processing base body (21) through the sound guide hole (26);

secondly, when the noise sound waves are transmitted to the vertical sound eliminating holes (24), a part of sound waves contact the vertical sound eliminating surface, the vertical sound eliminating surface converges the sound waves, the sound waves are mutually offset in opposite phases, and a part of sound waves are transmitted backwards through the parallel sound guiding holes (25);

sensing noise sound waves by a sound wave sensor (31) at the front end of the parallel sound guide hole (25), processing the noise sound waves into analog signals by a transmitter, transmitting the analog signals to a noise reduction processor (32) for processing, and converting the analog signals into loudspeaker control signals with the same frequency and amplitude as the noise sound waves and opposite phases;

step four, the noise reduction processor (32) transmits the processed control signal to the loudspeaker (33), and the loudspeaker (33) emits sound waves with the same frequency and amplitude and opposite phase to the noise sound waves in the direction opposite to the noise propagation direction to eliminate the noise sound waves;

and fifthly, the residual wave after the noise reduction treatment is transmitted to the outlet end of the parallel sound guide hole (25), and the residual wave after the noise reduction treatment is transmitted after the residual wave enters the noise reduction and silencing cotton (4) and is silenced again.

10. The noise reduction method according to claim 9, wherein the processing procedure of the noise reduction processor (32) in step three is: the noise sound wave analog signals received by the sound wave sensor (31) are transmitted to the processor (321) through the A/D conversion device (325), meanwhile, the analog signals are transmitted to the frequency modulation and amplitude modulation control circuit (322), the frequency modulation and amplitude modulation control circuit (322) filters high-frequency noise which cannot be distinguished by human ears, the high-frequency noise is transmitted to the phase shifter (324) after being subjected to frequency modulation and amplitude modulation, the processor (321) calculates the adjusted phase according to the received noise sound wave characteristics and the distance between the sound wave sensor (31) and the loudspeaker (33), the adjusted signals are transmitted to the phase shifter (324), and the control signals after being subjected to phase shifting are transmitted to the loudspeaker (33).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of green construction, in particular to an active construction noise reduction device and a noise reduction method based on sound wave detection.

Background

With the continuous progress of urbanization, the requirements of people on the quality of life are higher and higher, a plurality of new requirements are put forward for city construction, the old areas of the city are improved by being carried out in areas with dense personnel, in order to reduce the influence degree of construction on the life of people, a plurality of constructions avoid the rest periods of people, the construction needs to be stopped in certain specific time periods such as college entrance examination, and the construction efficiency is greatly reduced.

The construction noise reduction means adopted in the construction site at present comprises the steps of selecting construction equipment with low noise, arranging a sound insulation band on a noise propagation path, carrying out better maintenance and other management measures on mechanical equipment, belonging to passive noise reduction measures and being incapable of generating a very good noise reduction effect.

Chinese patent document CN 108182932a describes an active noise reduction device and method for construction of a dense area, which uses a microphone to collect noise in a construction area, uses an inverting amplifier to invert the waveform of the noise, and then uses a power amplifier to transmit the inverted noise signal, the inverted noise signal and the noise are cancelled out due to the opposite waveforms, so as to achieve the purpose of noise reduction, and to the maximum extent, the construction noise reduction of the dense area is realized, the frequency in the noise changes constantly, and the inverted noise signal is broadcast after inversion, if the frequency and amplitude same as the noise sound wave cannot be formed, it can only be inverted to generate larger noise, and at the same time, the inverted sound generated by the high-frequency sound in the noise does not cause specific damage to human body, but can cause damage to some animals sensitive to sound.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide an active construction noise reduction device and a noise reduction method based on sound wave detection, wherein noise is guided to a specific position, sound waves with the same frequency amplitude but opposite phases are modulated through the size of the noise, high-frequency sound waves which cannot be sensed by a human body are filtered, and then offset noise is emitted in the opposite direction of sound wave propagation through a loudspeaker, so that the purpose of active noise reduction is achieved.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the active construction noise reduction device based on sound wave detection comprises a noise reduction processing block, a plurality of noise reduction processing blocks are combined into a combined noise reduction curtain, the noise reduction processing block comprises a noise reduction processing base body, a sound guide hole for sound guide is formed in the noise reduction processing base body, and active detection noise reduction processing units are arranged in the sound guide hole and the noise reduction processing base body;

the active detection noise reduction processing unit comprises an acoustic wave sensor and a loudspeaker in the sound guide hole, and a noise reduction processor on the noise reduction processing base body.

Foretell lead the sound hole including establishing at the toper of making an uproar processing base member surface and leading the sound hole, toper lead the sound hole rear end and be connected with the transition hole, transition hole one end is the round hole, and the other end is square hole, and perpendicular wave elimination hole is connected to transition hole square hole one end, and parallel sound hole is led in perpendicular wave elimination hole rear end connection.

The vertical wave-eliminating hole is provided with four noise-eliminating surfaces, and the opposite noise-eliminating surfaces are vertical to each other.

The noise reduction processor comprises an A/D conversion device connected with the sound wave sensor, the A/D conversion device is connected with the input end of the noise reduction processor, the output end of the noise reduction processor is connected with a carrier power supply, the carrier power supply is electrically connected with a frequency modulation and amplitude modulation control circuit, the frequency modulation and amplitude modulation control circuit takes the sound wave signal transmitted by the sound wave sensor as an adjusting source, the output end of the frequency modulation and amplitude modulation control circuit is connected with a phase shifter, the phase shifter is electrically connected with the output end of the noise reduction processor, and the output end of the phase shifter is electrically.

The sound wave sensor and the loudspeaker are positioned in the parallel sound guide holes.

The sound wave sensor is positioned at the front end of the parallel sound guide hole, the loudspeaker is positioned at the rear end of the parallel sound guide hole, and the sensing direction of the sound wave sensor and the sound wave propagation direction of the loudspeaker face the sound guide hole.

The rear part of the combined noise reduction curtain is provided with noise reduction and silencing cotton, and the noise reduction and silencing cotton is attached to the parallel sound guide holes in the combined noise reduction curtain.

The noise reduction treatment substrate is a cuboid.

The noise reduction method using the active construction noise reduction device comprises the following specific noise reduction processes:

step one, noise of a construction site is transmitted to a combined noise reduction curtain, and noise sound waves are transmitted to the interior of a noise reduction treatment base body through a sound guide hole;

secondly, when the noise sound waves are transmitted to the vertical sound eliminating hole, a part of the sound waves contact the vertical sound eliminating surface, the vertical sound eliminating surface converges the sound waves, the phases of the sound waves are opposite and offset, and a part of the sound waves are transmitted backwards through the parallel sound guide holes;

sensing noise sound waves by a sound wave sensor at the front end of the parallel sound guide hole, processing the noise sound waves into analog signals by a transmitter, transmitting the analog signals to a noise reduction processor for processing, and converting the analog signals into loudspeaker control signals with the same frequency and amplitude as the noise sound waves and opposite phases;

transmitting the processed control signal to a loudspeaker by a noise reduction processor, and emitting sound waves with the same frequency and amplitude and opposite phase to the noise sound waves by the loudspeaker in the direction opposite to the noise propagation direction to eliminate the noise sound waves;

and fifthly, transmitting the residual wave subjected to the noise elimination treatment to the outlet end of the parallel sound guide hole, and transmitting the residual wave after the residual wave enters the noise reduction and noise elimination cotton and is subjected to noise elimination again.

The processing procedure of the noise reduction processor in the third step is as follows: the processor calculates the adjusted phase according to the received noise sound wave characteristics and the distance between the sound wave sensor and the loudspeaker, sends the adjusting signal to the phase shifter, and sends the control signal after phase shifting to the loudspeaker.

The active construction noise reduction device and the noise reduction method based on sound wave detection conduct noise sound waves through the noise reduction processing matrix, when the vertical wave elimination hole is reached, a part of the wave elimination hole is eliminated through vertical plane focusing and is conducted into the parallel sound guide hole, the noise sound wave is detected by the sound wave sensor at the front end and converted into an analog signal, the implemented sound wave characteristic is calculated by the processor, a corresponding adjusting signal is generated according to the distance between the loudspeaker and the sound wave sensor and is transmitted to the phase shifter, the device can synchronize noise in real time by actively detecting and adjusting the sound waves emitted by the loudspeaker, and can also adjust carrier waves according to the field environment so as to achieve the optimal noise reduction effect.

Drawings

The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a combined noise reduction curtain according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a noise reduction processing block;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a noise reduction processing block;

FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the noise reduction principle of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a frequency tuning circuit according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an amplitude modulation circuit according to the present invention.

In the figure: the combined noise reduction curtain 1, the noise reduction processing block 2, the noise reduction processing base body 21, the conical sound guide hole 22, the transition hole 23, the vertical noise reduction hole 24, the parallel sound guide hole 25, the sound guide hole 26, the active detection noise reduction processing unit 3, the sound wave sensor 31, the noise reduction processor 32, the processor 321, the frequency modulation and amplitude modulation control circuit 322, the carrier power supply 323, the phase shifter 324, the A/D conversion device 325, the loudspeaker 33 and the noise reduction cotton 4.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the active construction noise reduction device based on acoustic wave detection includes a noise reduction processing block 2, a plurality of noise reduction processing blocks 2 are combined into a combined noise reduction curtain 1, the noise reduction processing block 2 includes a noise reduction processing base 21, a sound guide hole 26 for guiding sound is arranged on the noise reduction processing base 21, and an active detection noise reduction processing unit 3 is arranged in the sound guide hole 26 and the noise reduction processing base 21;

as shown in fig. 2, the active detection noise reduction processing unit 3 includes an acoustic wave sensor 31 and a speaker 33 in the sound guide hole 26, and a noise reduction processor 32 on the noise reduction processing base 21.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the sound guide hole 26 includes a conical sound guide hole 22 formed in the surface of the noise reduction processing substrate 21, a transition hole 23 is connected to the rear end of the conical sound guide hole 22, one end of the transition hole 23 is a circular hole, the other end of the transition hole is a square hole, one end of the square hole of the transition hole 23 is connected to the vertical sound absorption hole 24, and the rear end of the vertical sound absorption hole 24 is connected to the parallel sound guide hole 25.

As shown in fig. 3, the vertical muffling hole 24 is provided with four muffling surfaces, and the opposite muffling surfaces are perpendicular to each other.

As shown in fig. 4, the noise reduction processor 32 includes an a/D converter 325 connected to the acoustic wave sensor 31, the a/D converter 325 is connected to an input of the noise reduction processor 32, an output of the noise reduction processor 32 is connected to a carrier power supply 323, the carrier power supply 323 is electrically connected to the fm/am control circuit 322, the fm/am control circuit 322 uses the acoustic wave signal transmitted by the acoustic wave sensor 31 as a regulation source, an output of the fm/am control circuit 322 is connected to a phase shifter 324, the phase shifter 324 is electrically connected to an output of the noise reduction processor 32, and an output of the phase shifter 324 is electrically connected to the speaker 33.

As shown in fig. 5, the above-described acoustic wave sensor 31 and speaker 33 are located in the parallel sound guide hole 25.

As shown in fig. 6, the acoustic wave sensor 31 is located at the front end of the parallel sound guiding hole 25, the speaker 33 is located at the rear end of the parallel sound guiding hole 25, and the sensing direction of the acoustic wave sensor 31 and the acoustic wave propagation direction of the speaker 33 are directed to the sound guiding hole 26.

As shown in fig. 1, the noise reduction and noise reduction cotton 4 is disposed at the rear portion of the combined noise reduction curtain 1, and the noise reduction and noise reduction cotton 4 is attached to the parallel sound guide hole 25 of the combined noise reduction curtain 1.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the noise reduction substrate 21 is a rectangular parallelepiped.

As shown in fig. 4-6, the noise reduction method using the active construction noise reduction device includes the following specific steps:

step one, noise of a construction site is transmitted to the combined noise reduction curtain 1, and noise sound waves are transmitted to the interior of the noise reduction processing base body 21 through the sound guide hole 26;

secondly, when the noise sound waves are transmitted to the vertical sound elimination hole 24, a part of the sound waves contact the vertical sound elimination surface, the vertical sound elimination surface converges the sound waves, the phases of the sound waves are opposite to each other, and a part of the sound waves are transmitted backwards through the parallel sound guide hole 25;

thirdly, the sound wave sensor 31 at the front end of the parallel sound guide hole 25 senses noise sound waves, the noise sound waves are processed into analog signals through the transmitter, the analog signals are transmitted to the noise reduction processor 32 to be processed, and the analog signals are converted into loudspeaker control signals which are the same as the frequency and amplitude of the noise sound waves and opposite in phase;

fourthly, the noise reduction processor 32 transmits the processed control signal to the loudspeaker 33, and the loudspeaker 33 emits sound waves with the same frequency and amplitude and the opposite phase of the noise sound waves in the opposite direction of noise propagation to eliminate the noise sound waves;

and step five, the residual wave after the noise reduction treatment is transmitted to the outlet end of the parallel sound guide hole 25, and the residual wave after the noise reduction and silencing cotton 4 is fed and is transmitted after the noise reduction and silencing is carried out again.

As shown in fig. 4, the processing procedure of the noise reduction processor 32 in the above-mentioned step three is: the noise sound wave analog signal received by the sound wave sensor 31 is sent to the processor 321 through the a/D converter 325, and the analog signal is sent to the fm/am control circuit 322, the fm/am control circuit 322 filters high frequency noise that cannot be distinguished by human ears, and then sends the filtered high frequency noise to the phase shifter 324 after fm and am modulation, the processor 321 calculates the adjusted phase according to the received noise sound wave characteristic and the distance between the sound wave sensor 31 and the speaker 33, and sends the adjusted signal to the phase shifter 324, and the phase-shifted control signal is sent to the speaker 33.

As shown in fig. 5, U Ω (t) is a source of the acoustic wave signal after the acoustic wave sensor 31 has transmitted, and a signal of the noise acoustic wave is used as a frequency modulation signal, and the high frequency signal is filtered by the choke inductor L, and a modulated uo (t) signal is output.

As shown in fig. 6, the UO (t) signal outputted after frequency modulation is inputted as an amplitude modulation signal, uam (t) is a carrier wave source outputted by the processor control, UO' (t) is a signal outputted after completing amplitude modulation, and is transmitted to the phase shifter 324 for phase shifting.