阅读说明：本技术 燃料电池系统的用于输送和/或压缩气态介质的侧通道压缩机 (Side channel compressor for conveying and/or compressing gaseous medium of fuel cell system ) 是由 M·库尔茨 于 2019-03-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种用于燃料电池系统(37)的侧通道压缩机(1),用于输送和/或压缩气态介质、尤其氢气,所述侧通道压缩机具有：壳体(3)；位于所述壳体(3)中的压缩机空间(30),所述压缩机空间具有至少一个环绕的侧通道(19)；位于所述壳体(3)中的压缩机叶轮(2),所述压缩机叶轮布置在能够围绕转动轴线(4)转动的驱动轴(9)上,其中,所述压缩机叶轮(2)在其周边上具有布置在所述压缩机空间(30)的区域中的输送室(28)；和分别构造在所述壳体(3)上的气体入口(14)和气体出口(16),所述气体入口和所述气体出口通过所述压缩机空间(30)、尤其两个侧通道(19a、b)彼此流体连通,其中,所述壳体(3)分别面向所述压缩机叶轮(2)并且相对于所述转动轴线(4)而言轴向延伸地具有第一止推面和第二止推面(23、25),其中,在这些区域中,在所述壳体(3)与所述压缩机叶轮(2)之间分别形成内轴向间隙和外轴向间隙(43、45)。根据本发明,在此借助第一轴承(18)和第二轴承(22)实现所述侧通道压缩机(1)的能转动的构件的支承,其中,所述第一轴承(18)位于所述驱动轴(9)与所述壳体(3)之间,并且所述第二轴承(22)位于所述压缩机叶轮(2)与所述壳体(3)之间。(The invention relates to a side channel compressor (1) for a fuel cell system (37) for delivering and/or compressing a gaseous medium, in particular hydrogen, comprising: a housing (3); a compressor space (30) in the housing (3), the compressor space having at least one surrounding side channel (19); a compressor wheel (2) located in the housing (3) and arranged on a drive shaft (9) which can be rotated about a rotational axis (4), wherein the compressor wheel (2) has on its circumference a delivery chamber (28) which is arranged in the region of the compressor space (30); and a gas inlet (14) and a gas outlet (16) which are each formed on the housing (3) and which are in fluid communication with one another via the compressor space (30), in particular two side channels (19a, b), wherein the housing (3) faces the compressor wheel (2) and has a first and a second thrust surface (23, 25) extending axially relative to the axis of rotation (4), wherein in these regions an inner and an outer axial gap (43, 45) are each formed between the housing (3) and the compressor wheel (2). According to the invention, the rotatable component of the side channel compressor (1) is supported by means of a first bearing (18) and a second bearing (22), wherein the first bearing (18) is located between the drive shaft (9) and the housing (3) and the second bearing (22) is located between the compressor wheel (2) and the housing (3).)

1. A side channel compressor (1) for a fuel cell system (37) for delivering and/or compressing a gaseous medium, in particular hydrogen, having: a housing (3); a compressor space (30) in the housing (3), the compressor space having at least one surrounding side channel (19); a compressor wheel (2) located in the housing (3) and arranged on a drive shaft (9) which can be rotated about a rotational axis (4), wherein the compressor wheel (2) has on its circumference a delivery chamber (28) which is arranged in the region of the compressor space (30); and a gas inlet (14) and a gas outlet (16) which are each formed on the housing (3) and which are in fluid communication with one another via the compressor space (30), in particular two side channels (19a, b), wherein the housing (3) has a first and a second thrust surface (23, 25) which face the compressor wheel (2) and extend axially with respect to the axis of rotation (4), wherein in these regions an inner and an outer axial gap (43, 45) are formed between the housing (3) and the compressor wheel (2), respectively, characterized in that the support of the rotatable component of the side channel compressor (1) is effected by means of a first bearing (18) and a second bearing (22), wherein the first bearing (18) is located between the drive shaft (9) and the housing (3), and the second bearing (22) is located between the compressor wheel (2) and the housing (3).

2. Side channel compressor (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the first bearing (18) is embodied as a radial bearing and the second bearing (22) is embodied as an axial bearing.

3. Side channel compressor (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the first bearing (18) is embodied as a radial bearing and the second bearing (22) is embodied as a radial bearing.

4. Side channel compressor (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that the housing (3) has an upper housing part (7) and a lower housing part (8), wherein the lower housing part (8) has a cylindrical projection (32) which surrounds the rotational axis (4), wherein the bearing pretension which extends axially relative to the rotational axis (4), in particular acts on the first bearing (18) and/or the second bearing (22), is set by means of a spacer washer (35), wherein the spacer washer (35) is located axially relative to the rotational axis (4) between the cylindrical projection (32) and the upper housing part (7).

5. Side channel compressor (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the bearing pretension is generated by means of a connection, in particular a threaded connection, of the housing upper part (7) and the housing lower part (8), wherein the bearing pretension is transmitted axially with respect to the axis of rotation (4) from the housing lower part (8) to the second bearing (22), from the second bearing (22) to the compressor wheel (2), from the compressor wheel (2) to the first bearing (18), and from the first bearing (18) to the housing upper part (7).

6. A side channel compressor (1) according to claim 5, characterised in that the compressor wheel (2) has an annular web (38) which surrounds the rotational axis (4) on its outer edge facing away from the rotational axis (4), in particular on an outer limiting ring (27), wherein the second bearing (22) is located axially with respect to the rotational axis (4) between the surrounding web (38) and the housing lower part (8) on the side facing away from the first bearing (18).

7. A side channel compressor (1) according to claim 5, characterised in that the compressor wheel (2) has on its inner diameter a compressor wheel hub (10) with hub feet (12), wherein the compressor wheel (2) transmits a bearing pretension, which extends axially relative to the rotational axis (4), to the first bearing (18) by means of the hub feet (12).

8. A side channel compressor (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that by means of the spacer washer (35) the gap size of a first gap region (43) and/or a second gap region (45) between the compressor wheel (2) and the housing (3) can be set in addition to the bearing preload.

9. A side channel compressor (1) according to claim 5, characterised in that a disk spring (5) is located between the housing upper part (7) and the first bearing (18), wherein the bearing pretension extending axially with respect to the axis of rotation (4) is transmitted from the first bearing (18) to the housing upper part (7) by means of the disk spring (5).

10. A side channel compressor (1) according to claim 5, characterised in that a disk spring (5) is located between the first bearing (18) and the compressor wheel (2), wherein the bearing pretension which extends axially relative to the rotational axis (4) is transmitted from the compressor wheel (2) to the first bearing (18) by means of the disk spring (5).

11. A side channel compressor (1) according to claim 3, characterised in that the housing lower part (8) has a shoulder (40) encircling around the rotational axis (4), wherein the second bearing (22) is located between the compressor wheel (2) and the encircling shoulder (40), wherein the second bearing (22) is in contact with the shoulder (40) radially with respect to the rotational axis (4), in particular by means of a press fit.

12. Side channel compressor (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that the second bearing (22) has only a bearing inner ring (42), wherein the rolling bodies (46) of the second bearing (22) roll on the bearing inner ring (42) on the one hand and directly on the inner diameter of the compressor wheel (2), in particular on a hardened bearing raceway, on the other hand.

13. Side channel compressor (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that the second bearing (22) has only a bearing outer ring (44), wherein the rolling bodies (46) of the second bearing (22) roll on the bearing outer ring (44) on the one hand and directly on the outer diameter of the compressor wheel (2), in particular on a hardened bearing raceway, on the other hand.

14. Side channel compressor (1) according to claim 6 and/or 13, characterized in that the second bearing (22) is located on the outer diameter of the compressor wheel (2), wherein the second bearing (22) is located radially between the compressor wheel (2) and the housing lower part (8) with respect to the axis of rotation (4).

Technical Field

The invention relates to a side channel compressor for a fuel cell system for delivering and/or compressing a gaseous medium, in particular hydrogen, which is provided, in particular, for use in a vehicle having a fuel cell drive.

Background

In the automotive field, gaseous fuels are becoming increasingly important in the future in addition to liquid fuels. Especially in vehicles with fuel cell drives, the hydrogen flow must be controlled. Here, the gas flow is no longer controlled discontinuously, as is the case with the injection of liquid fuel, but the gaseous medium is removed from the at least one high-pressure tank and conducted to the injector unit via the inflow line of the intermediate-pressure line system. The ejector unit conducts the gaseous medium to the fuel cell via the connecting line of the low-pressure line system. After the gaseous medium has flowed through the fuel cell, it is led back to the ejector unit via the return line. In this case, a side channel compressor can be connected in between, which supports the gas return in terms of flow technology and efficiency technology. Furthermore, the side channel compressor is used to support the flow build-up in the fuel cell drive, in particular in the case of a (cold) start-up of the vehicle after a certain stopping time. The side channel compressors are usually driven by electric motors which are supplied with voltage by the vehicle battery when the vehicle is running.

DE 102010035039 a1 discloses a side channel compressor for a fuel cell system, in which a gaseous medium, in particular hydrogen, is fed and/or compressed. The side channel compressor has a compressor wheel which surrounds in a housing and is fixed to a drive shaft and is set in rotation by a drive and is therefore arranged so as to be rotatable about an axis of rotation. Furthermore, the side channel compressor has a compressor space in the housing, which compressor space has at least one circumferential side channel. The compressor wheel has a conveying chamber on its circumference, which is arranged in the region of the compressor space. Furthermore, a gas inlet and a gas outlet are arranged in the housing, respectively, which are in fluid communication with each other via at least one side channel. The housing has a first and a second thrust surfaceWherein the respective thrust surfaces each face the compressor wheel and extend axially relative to the axis of rotation. The compressor wheel has third and fourth thrust surfaces, wherein the respective thrust surfaces each face the housing and extend axially relative to the axis of rotation. In this case, an inner axial gap and an outer axial gap are formed in each case, wherein the inner axial gap and the outer axial gap are each formed between the first thrust surface of the housing and the fourth thrust surface of the compressor wheel, wherein the inner axial gap and the outer axial gap are each formed between the second thrust surface of the housing and the third thrust surface of the compressor wheel.

The side channel compressor known from DE 102010035039 a1 may have certain disadvantages. Since the compressor wheel is supported by means of a first bearing and a second bearing, which are both located on the drive shaft and each have the same bearing diameter, wherein the respective bearing diameter is structurally dependent on the diameter of the drive shaft, the compressor wheel can only be guided relatively imprecisely during rotation, since precise guidance of the compressor wheel relative to the axis of rotation and tilting prevention of the compressor wheel are made difficult by the arrangement of the two bearings on the drive shaft. In order to prevent the compressor wheel from axially colliding with the housing relative to the axis of rotation and/or interfering with one another, in particular in the case of transverse forces which extend axially relative to the axis of rotation during the delivery operation, the spacing of the at least one respective thrust surface of the housing from the respective thrust surface of the compressor wheel must be selected correspondingly large, wherein it is no longer possible to comply with small gap dimensions between the components. Thereby, the compressor space cannot be effectively and almost completely closed by the axial gap between the thrust surfaces, thereby reducing the efficiency of the side channel compressor.

Disclosure of Invention

According to the invention, a side channel compressor for a fuel cell system is proposed, which is used for conveying and/or compressing a gaseous medium, in particular hydrogen.

Referring to claim 1, the side channel compressor is configured such that support of the rotatable member of the side channel compressor is achieved by a first bearing and a second bearing, wherein the first bearing is located between the drive shaft and the housing and the second bearing is located between the compressor wheel and the housing. In this way, an improved guidance of the rotation of the compressor wheel can be achieved, in particular in the case of a larger bearing diameter of the second bearing compared to the first bearing. Furthermore, by applying the second bearing on the compressor wheel, a more precise guidance of the compressor wheel, in particular a tilt-resistant guidance, can be achieved. In this case, transverse forces and impacts, which are caused by the operation of the side channel compressor and which extend axially with respect to the axis of rotation, are conducted away directly from the compressor wheel into the housing by means of the second bearing, as a result of which damage to the compressor wheel and/or the housing by components colliding with one another as a result of the transverse forces and impacts is prevented. Furthermore, a function-related axial play, which extends axially relative to the axis of rotation between the compressor wheel and the housing, can be reduced, which axial play, in particular the spacing of at least one thrust surface of the housing from one thrust surface of the compressor wheel in each case, and which axial play leads to an encapsulation of the compressor space. Thereby the size of the gap between the members can be reduced. An improved packing of the compressor space can thereby be achieved, whereby the losses of the gaseous medium to be conveyed, in particular hydrogen, are reduced. Furthermore, an optimized flow rate of the gaseous medium can be maintained by the improved encapsulation. This enables an improved supply and compression of the gaseous medium in the side channel compressor and increases the efficiency of the side channel compressor.

Advantageous embodiments of the pump described in claim 1 are possible by the measures listed in the dependent claims. The dependent claims relate to preferred developments of the invention.

According to a particularly advantageous embodiment, the first bearing is embodied as a radial bearing and the second bearing is embodied as an axial bearing. In this way, it is possible to better receive the radial and/or axial forces occurring during operation of the side channel compressor from the compressor wheel into the bearing, wherein these occurring forces can therefore be conducted away more quickly and/or more efficiently from the compressor wheel and/or the drive shaft via the bearing, in particular into the housing. In this case, the radial and axial forces are distributed to the first and second bearing, respectively, wherein the occurring radial forces are largely absorbed by the first bearing and only a small portion is absorbed by the second bearing. However, the radial forces that occur are mostly received by the second bearing and only a small part by the first bearing. Therefore, the following advantages can be achieved: the forces occurring do not deform the compressor wheel in such a way and/or deflect axially and/or radially relative to the axis of rotation, in particular during rotation, that the compressor wheel contacts the housing in the region of at least one thrust surface and/or that the two components collide together. Thereby, the service life of the bearing, the compressor wheel, the housing and thus the entire side channel compressor can be increased. On the other hand, a function-related clearance between the compressor wheel and the housing can be at least virtually prevented from increasing or decreasing, respectively, whereby an effective encapsulation of the compressor space of the side channel compressor can be ensured even in the presence of radial and/or axial forces.

According to an advantageous development, the first bearing is embodied as a radial bearing and the second bearing is embodied as a radial bearing. In this way, an improved take-up and thus a more rapid removal of constant and/or pulsating radial and/or axial forces from the compressor wheel is possible via the bearing. In this case, the first and/or second bearing, which is embodied as a corresponding radial bearing, can also receive axial forces. In this case, an even distribution of the axial forces to the first and second bearings can be achieved, as a result of which the service life of the bearings and/or the compressor wheel can be increased. Thus, the probability of failure of the entire side channel compressor can be reduced in this manner.

According to an advantageous embodiment, the housing has an upper housing part and a lower housing part, wherein the lower housing part has a cylindrical projection which surrounds the axis of rotation, wherein the bearing pretensioning force which extends axially relative to the axis of rotation, in particular acts on the first bearing and/or the second bearing, is set by means of a spacer, wherein the spacer is located axially relative to the axis of rotation between the cylindrical projection and the upper housing part. In this way the following advantages can be achieved: the lower housing part is connected to the upper housing part in only one single assembly step, and the first bearing and/or the second bearing are/is also loaded with a defined bearing preload. The assembly time required can thereby be reduced and assembly costs can be saved. Furthermore, the provision of the stud-shaped projection on the lower part of the housing provides the following advantages: the housing lower part is guided on the housing upper part during the assembly process and therefore assembly errors can be avoided. Thereby, the probability of failure of the low-side channel compressor can be reduced. Furthermore, by using the spacer washer, the gap size of the function-related gap between the compressor wheel and the lower housing part and/or between the compressor wheel and the upper housing part can be optimally set, so that an improved packing of the compressor space and thus an improved efficiency of the side channel compressor can be achieved. Furthermore, in order to take account of tolerance dimensions (in particular axial with respect to the rotational axis) and to optimally adjust the bearing preload of the first bearing and/or the second bearing, it is only necessary to machine the spacer element, and it is not necessary to forcibly machine the components, such as the lower housing part and/or the compressor wheel and/or the upper housing part. In this way, the production and/or machining and/or assembly costs can be reduced.

According to a particularly advantageous development, the bearing preload is generated by a connection, in particular a screw connection, of the upper housing part and the lower housing part. The bearing preload is transmitted axially with respect to the axis of rotation from the lower housing part to the second bearing, from the second bearing to the compressor wheel, from the compressor wheel to the first bearing, and from the first bearing to the upper housing part. In this way the following advantages can be achieved: the gap size of the function-related gap is set, in particular set to be so small, that as little water as possible can accumulate between the respective thrust surface of the compressor wheel and the respective upper housing part and lower housing part, in particular in the region of the function-related gap. This prevents the formation of ice bridges in the region of the functionally relevant gaps at low ambient temperatures when the vehicle is at a standstill. During a (cold) start of the vehicle, such an ice bridge can damage the movable components of the side channel compressor and the surfaces located inside and/or can block the compressor wheel of the side channel in the housing in such a way that the side channel compressor can no longer be operated at all or can only be operated to a limited extent. The reliability of the side channel compressor can therefore be increased by an advantageous configuration of the side channel compressor.

According to one advantageous configuration, the compressor wheel has, on its outer edge facing away from the axis of rotation, in particular on an outer limiting ring, an annular web which surrounds the axis of rotation, wherein the second bearing is located axially with respect to the axis of rotation between the surrounding web and the housing lower part on the side facing away from the first bearing. In this way, an improved guidance of the compressor wheel during the rotational movement can be achieved, wherein axial and radial forces occurring during operation can be conducted away from the compressor wheel via the webs arranged on the outer edge, wherein these forces are taken up by the second bearing. By means of the circumferential webs arranged on the outer edge of the compressor wheel facing away from the axis of rotation, forces and/or tilting moments from the compressor wheel which extend axially with respect to the axis of rotation can be better received via the webs and can be conducted away by the second bearing. The second bearing has a larger diameter here (in particular compared to the arrangement of the second bearing on the drive shaft) and causes a maximum compensation moment, wherein this compensation moment counteracts the forces extending axially with respect to the axis of rotation and/or the tilting moment from the compressor wheel. In this case, the second bearing can compensate for the relatively large tilting moment from the compressor wheel with a relatively small reaction force, and in this case the best possible guidance of the compressor wheel is achieved. In this way, a more constant and precise guidance of the compressor wheel can be achieved in rotary operation, wherein damage to the compressor wheel and the housing caused by the two components colliding with one another as a result of the compressor wheel being axially offset or tilted relative to the axis of rotation is prevented. Furthermore, a smaller spacing of the thrust surface of the compressor impeller from the thrust surface of the housing, and thus a smaller gap size between the components, may be achieved, thereby resulting in better packaging of the compressor space, and thus improving the efficiency of the side channel compressor.

According to a particularly advantageous embodiment, the compressor wheel has a compressor wheel hub with a hub foot on its inner diameter, wherein the compressor wheel transmits a bearing preload force, which extends axially with respect to the axis of rotation, to the first bearing by means of the hub foot. In this way the following advantages can be achieved: the first bearing can exert a bearing preload on the first bearing by means of the compact design of the side channel compressor. Furthermore, the configuration of the compressor wheel according to the invention, in which the bearing preload is introduced into the bearing by means of the hub limb, makes additional components superfluous, as a result of which the complexity of the side channel compressor can be reduced and the assembly and/or component costs can be reduced. Furthermore, the service life and efficiency of the side channel compressor can be increased, since fewer components are preloaded by the loading bearings and thus friction and component wear can be reduced.

According to an advantageous embodiment, the gap size of the first gap region and/or the second gap region between the compressor wheel and the housing can be set by means of the spacer in addition to the bearing preload. In this way, the function-related gap size, which is determined by the distance between the thrust surface of the compressor wheel and the thrust surface of the housing extending axially relative to the axis of rotation, can be set more easily, since, prior to assembly, after the measurement of the relevant dimensions of the compressor wheel and the housing, only the spacer disk has to be machined accordingly, in particular the thickness of the spacer disk is changed by means of a corresponding material removal, in order to set the optimum gap size. Thereby, the machining costs of the compressor wheel and the housing for adjusting the gap size can be reduced, and thus the machining costs can be reduced. Furthermore, in the case of a corresponding embodiment of the thrust surfaces of the compressor wheel and of the housing in plane-parallel, a reduced gap size can be achieved, as a result of which a better encapsulation of the compressor space and thus an improvement in the efficiency of the side channel compressor is achieved.

According to an advantageous development, the disk spring is located between the housing upper part and the first bearing, wherein the bearing preload force, which extends axially with respect to the axis of rotation, is transmitted from the first bearing to the housing upper part by means of the disk spring. In this way the following advantages can be achieved: the disk spring is supported on the housing upper part and the first bearing, and the bearing preload is introduced into the compressor wheel via the first bearing, in particular via the hub leg, and thus fixes the compressor wheel axially. Bending deformations of the compressor wheel can thereby be prevented at least to a large extent. The service life of the first bearing and the compressor wheel and thus of the side channel compressor can thereby be increased. In addition, a compact design of the side channel compressor can be achieved.

According to a particularly advantageous embodiment, the disk spring is located between the first bearing and the compressor wheel, wherein the bearing preload force, which extends axially with respect to the axis of rotation, is transmitted from the compressor wheel to the first bearing by means of the disk spring. On the one hand, this makes it possible, in particular if the disk spring is designed conically about the axis of rotation, for the disk spring to introduce the bearing preload, in particular axially with respect to the axis of rotation, directly into the first bearing on the side facing the first bearing. On the other hand, in this way, it is possible for the conical disk spring to introduce a bearing preload, which extends axially with respect to the axis of rotation, into the second bearing on the side facing away from the first bearing, in particular via the compressor wheel. In this case, the diameter of the disk spring bearing against the compressor wheel corresponds in this region to the diameter of the second bearing. The following advantages can thereby be achieved: the bending forces in the compressor wheel, in particular due to the bearing pretension, can be reduced, as a result of which the probability of failure of the entire side channel compressor can be reduced.

According to one advantageous configuration, the lower housing part has a shoulder which runs around the axis of rotation, wherein the second bearing is located between the compressor wheel and the running shoulder, wherein the second bearing is in contact with the shoulder radially with respect to the axis of rotation, in particular by means of a press fit. In this way, an improved radial guidance of the compressor wheel, in particular radially with respect to the axis of rotation, can be achieved, wherein the second bearing can be supported with its inner diameter on the housing lower part over the entire bearing width, wherein the second bearing is pressed onto a shoulder of the housing lower part, in particular by means of a press fit. The second bearing has an outer diameter which is radially in contact with the compressor wheel with respect to the axis of rotation, wherein the compressor wheel is guided and/or supported by the second bearing during a rotational movement. Furthermore, the second bearing can serve as a thrust on the side of the compressor wheel facing away from the first bearing, which extends axially with respect to the axis of rotation, in order to guide the compressor wheel axially, also in opposition to the spring force of the disk spring, in the axial direction. This provides the following advantages: precise axial and radial guidance of the compressor wheel in the housing can be achieved, wherein a reduced gap size is achieved between the thrust face of the housing and the thrust face of the compressor wheel. This enables a better packing of the compressor space and thus improves the efficiency of the side channel compressor.

According to a particularly advantageous development, the second bearing has only a bearing inner ring, wherein the rolling bodies of the second bearing roll on the bearing inner ring on the one hand and directly on the inner diameter of the compressor wheel, in particular the hardened bearing raceway, on the other hand. In this way, the bearing outer ring of the second bearing can be saved, thereby reducing the number of components of the side channel compressor and thus reducing complexity. Therefore, the cost of the side channel compressor can be reduced. Furthermore, a more compact design of the side channel compressor can be achieved, since the second bearing requires less installation space in the radial direction with respect to the axis of rotation. Furthermore, a longer service life of the side channel compressor can be achieved, since a better guidance of the compressor wheel can be achieved by means of the second bearing.

According to one advantageous embodiment, the second bearing has only an outer bearing ring, wherein the rolling bodies of the second bearing roll on the outer bearing ring on the one hand and directly on the outer diameter of the compressor wheel, in particular the hardened bearing raceway, on the other hand. Furthermore, a second bearing is located on the outer diameter of the compressor wheel, wherein the second bearing is located radially between the compressor wheel and the lower housing part relative to the axis of rotation. In this way, the bearing inner ring of the second bearing can be saved, thereby reducing the number of components of the side channel compressor and thus reducing complexity. Therefore, the cost of the side channel compressor can be reduced. In addition, a more compact design of the side channel compressor can be achieved, since the second bearing requires less installation space in the radial direction relative to the axis of rotation by the elimination of the bearing inner ring. Furthermore, a longer service life of the side channel compressor can be achieved, since a better guidance of the compressor wheel can be achieved by means of the second bearing. Furthermore, the assembly costs can be reduced, since the compressor wheel can be assembled together with the second bearing in the housing lower part and/or pushed into the housing lower part.

Drawings

The invention is described in detail below with the aid of the figures.

The attached drawings are as follows:

figure 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a side channel compressor according to a first embodiment of the invention,

figure 2 shows in an enlarged view a section of the side channel compressor marked a-a in figure 1,

figure 3 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a side channel compressor according to a second embodiment of the invention,

figure 4 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a side channel compressor according to a third embodiment of the present invention,

figure 5 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a side channel compressor according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention,

fig. 6 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a side channel compressor according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

A longitudinal section through the side channel compressor 1 according to the invention, which is configured rotationally symmetrically about the axis of rotation 4 according to the first exemplary embodiment, results from the illustration according to fig. 1.

The side channel compressor 1 has a compressor wheel 2, which is designed in particular as a closed disk-shaped compressor wheel 2 and is mounted in a housing 3 so as to be rotatable about a horizontally extending axis of rotation 4. The drive 6, in particular the electric drive 6, serves here as a rotary drive for the compressor wheel 2. The housing 3 comprises a housing upper part 7 and a housing lower part 8 which are connected to one another, wherein the housing lower part 8 forms a circumferential stud projection 32. Furthermore, the compressor wheel 2 is arranged on the drive shaft 9 in a rotationally fixed manner and is enclosed by the housing upper part 7 and the housing lower part 8. The housing lower part 8 has a first thrust surface 23, the housing upper part 7 has a second thrust surface 25, and the compressor wheel 2 has a third thrust surface 29 on the side facing the housing upper part 7 in the direction of the rotational axis 4. Furthermore, the compressor wheel 2 has a fourth thrust surface 31 on the side facing the housing upper part 8 in the direction of the rotational axis 4. The compressor wheel 2 has an internal compressor wheel hub 10, wherein the compressor wheel hub 10 has a recess through which the drive shaft 9 is inserted, wherein the compressor wheel hub 10 is connected to the drive shaft 9, in particular by means of a press fit. Furthermore, the compressor wheel hub 10 is bounded on the side facing away from the axis of rotation 4 by a hub foot 12 in a circumferential manner. The compressor wheel 2 has a compressor wheel hub 10 with hub feet 12 on its inner diameter, wherein the compressor wheel 2 can transmit a bearing prestress force, which extends axially with respect to the axis of rotation 4, to the first bearing 18 by means of the hub feet 12. The compressor wheel 2 forms a circumferential circular hub disk 13 from the hub foot 12 outwards, away from the axis of rotation 4. Furthermore, the compressor wheel 2 forms a delivery chamber 28 which is joined on the outside to the hub 13. This delivery chamber 28 of the compressor wheel 2 extends in a circumferential compressor space 30 of the housing 3 around the axis of rotation 4, wherein the compressor wheel 2 and/or the delivery chamber 28 extend symmetrically along an axis of symmetry 48, wherein the axis of symmetry 48 is arranged orthogonally to the axis of rotation 4. Torque is transmitted from the drive 6 to the compressor wheel 2 via the compressor wheel hub 10. In this case, the compressor wheel 2 is set in a rotational movement and the delivery chamber 28 moves in the rotational movement in the direction of the flow direction around the axis of rotation 4 through a compressor space 30 in the housing 3 (see fig. 2). In this case, the gaseous medium already present in the compressor space 30 is moved along by the delivery chamber 28 and is delivered and/or compressed there. Furthermore, a movement, in particular a flow exchange, of the gaseous medium takes place between the delivery chamber 28 and the at least one side channel 19a, b. The circulating flow 26 is formed in this case in particular by shaping the compressor wheel 2 and/or the side channels 19a, b. Furthermore, the gaseous medium, in particular the unconsumed recirculation medium from the fuel cell, flows via the gas inlet 14 into the compressor space 30 of the side channel compressor 1 and/or is supplied to the side channel compressor 1 and/or is sucked from the region located before the gas inlet 14. In this case, the gaseous medium is conducted away after having flowed through the gas outlet 16 of the side channel compressor 1 and in particular flows to the jet pump of the fuel cell system 37. The compressor wheel 2 here forms an inner limiting ring 21 which delimits the conveying chamber 28 on the side facing the axis of rotation 4 and an outer limiting ring 27 which delimits on the side facing away from the axis of rotation. In this case, the limiting rings 21, 27 extend in the region of the compressor space 30 around the axis of rotation 4.

Furthermore, the housing 3, in particular the upper housing part 7 and/or the lower housing part 8, has at least one circumferential side channel 19 in the region of the compressor space 30. In this case, the at least one side channel 19 extends in the housing 3 in the direction of the axis of rotation 4 in such a way that it extends axially on one or both sides relative to the delivery chamber 28. The side channel 19 can extend in a circumferential manner around the axis of rotation 4 at least in a partial region of the housing 3, wherein the interruption region 15 is formed in the housing 3 in a partial region of the housing 3 in which the side channel 19 is not formed (see fig. 2).

The drive shaft 9 is connected at one end axially to the rotational axis 4 at least in a cardanic manner to the drive 6. In this case, the first bearing 18 is located axially on the outer diameter of the drive shaft 9 in the region between the drive 6 and the compressor wheel 2, in particular in the region between the drive 6 and the hub leg 12 of the compressor wheel 2. Furthermore, a first bearing 18 is located between the drive shaft 9 and the housing 3. In one possible embodiment, the drive shaft 9 has a shoulder which extends in the axial direction towards both shaft ends, starting from the outer diameter region thereof, to which the compressor wheel 2 is applied. In addition to the first bearing 18 as a radial bearing 18, the combination of the drive shaft 9 and the compressor wheel 2 is also supported by a second bearing 22, wherein the second bearing 22 is located in particular between the housing 3 and the compressor wheel 2. In this case, the second bearing 22 is in contact on its inner diameter with an outer limiting ring 27 of the compressor wheel 2. The second bearing 22 is in this case designed as a radial bearing 22 or as an axial bearing 22. The bearings 18, 22 may be rolling bearings 18, 22, in particular ball bearings 28, 22. The rotatable components of the side-channel compressor 1 are therefore supported by means of a first bearing 18 and a second bearing 22, the first bearing 18 being located between the drive shaft 9 and the housing 3 and the second bearing 22 being located between the compressor wheel 2 and the housing 3.

The driver 6 may have cooling ribs on its surface, which cause an improved discharge of thermal energy into the surroundings. The heat is generated in the drive 6 in such a way that, by driving the compressor wheel 2, excess thermal energy is generated, which is present in particular as frictional heat or inductive magnetic heat. Due to the cooling ribs of the driver 6, this heat can be dissipated to the surroundings more quickly, since the driver 6 has an increased surface due to the cooling ribs.

Fig. 1 also shows that the drive 6 has a rotor 17 which extends axially relative to the axis of rotation 4, wherein the rotor 17 is connected to the drive shaft 9 in a non-positive and/or positive manner, in particular by means of a press fit. The encapsulation of the rotor 17 with respect to environmental influences and/or with respect to moisture and contaminants from the outside is achieved by using the rotor housing 41. Furthermore, the escape of hydrogen from the side channel compressor 1 into the surroundings is prevented by using the rotor housing 41. Furthermore, the drive 6 has a stator 11 which surrounds the axis of rotation 4, wherein the stator 11 is arranged outside the rotor 17 and/or is arranged circumferentially around the rotor 17 and/or the rotor 17 is located within the inner diameter of the stator 11. By energizing the stator 11, the rotor 17 can be driven and in particular put into rotational motion. The encapsulation of the stator 11 with respect to environmental influences and/or with respect to moisture and contamination from the outside is achieved by using the stator housing 39. The rotor housing 41 and/or the stator housing 39 can be fixed to the housing 3 of the side channel compressor 1, in particular screwed to the housing 3. Furthermore, the housing 3, in particular the housing lower part 8, forms a gas inlet 14 and a gas outlet 16. In this case, the gas inlet 14 and the gas outlet 16 are in particular in fluid communication with one another via at least one side channel 19.

Due to the pairing of the respective thrust surfaces 23, 25, 29, 31 of the housing 3 with the compressor wheel 2, an outer axial gap 43 and an inner axial gap 45 are formed between the compressor wheel 2 and the housing upper part 7 and between the compressor wheel 2 and the housing lower part, respectively.

Furthermore, fig. 1 shows that the encapsulation of the conveying chamber 28 and/or of the respective side channels 19a, b relative to one another and/or of the respective side channels 19a, b relative to a radially inner region 50 of the housing 3 with respect to the axis of rotation 4 and/or a radially outer region 52 with respect to the axis of rotation 4 is achieved by means of the respective axial gaps 43, 45. Under certain operating conditions of the side channel compressor 1, the gaseous medium can at least temporarily move at least partially and slightly through the at least one side channel 19 into the outer region 52. The encapsulation prevents the ingress of gaseous medium from the region of the conveying chamber 28 and/or the side channels 19a, b into the inner region 50 and/or the outer region 52 of the side channel compressor 1. This also prevents damage to the drive 6 and/or the bearings 18, 22 and/or the drive shaft 9. In the case of an electric drive 6, the penetration of heavier components, such as water or hydrogen, can lead to short circuits and/or to damage of the electric or soft-magnetic components of the drive 6. This may limit the operation of the entire side channel compressor 1 and even lead to failure. Furthermore, the efficiency of the side channel compressor 1 can be increased by means of the axial gaps 43, 45, the smaller the size of the respective axial gap 43, 45, the higher the achievable efficiency of the side channel compressor 1.

As shown in fig. 1, the disk spring 5 is arranged axially between the housing upper part 7 and the first bearing 18 with respect to the axis of rotation. In a further embodiment, the disk spring 5 can also be located between the first bearing 18, the second bearing 22, the compressor wheel 2 and the housing 3, in particular the upper housing part 7 or the lower housing part 8. The disk spring 5 provides a bearing preload for the first bearing 18 and/or the second bearing 22, wherein the disk spring 5 is located in particular between the housing upper part 7 and the first bearing 18, wherein the bearing preload, which extends axially with respect to the axis of rotation 4, is transmitted from the first bearing 18 to the housing upper part 7 by means of the disk spring 5.

Furthermore, fig. 1 shows that the circumferential stud projection 32 projects into a recess in the housing upper part 7 in the direction of the axis of rotation 4. The circumferential stud projection 32 has a first contact surface 33 in the direction of the axis of rotation 4 and facing the housing upper part 7. In an alternative embodiment, the stud bumps 32 can also be located on the housing upper part 7 and project into recesses in the housing lower part 8. Furthermore, a spacer 35 can be located between the first contact surface 33 of the circumferential stud projection 32 and the second contact surface 25 of the housing upper part 7. In an exemplary embodiment, the bearing preload, which in particular acts on the first bearing 18 and/or the second bearing 22 and extends axially with respect to the rotational axis 4, can be set by means of the spacer 35, wherein the spacer 35 is located axially with respect to the rotational axis 4 between the cylindrical extension 32 and the housing upper part 7. Thus, by appropriate machining of the surfaces of the spacer 35 before assembly, the spacing between the housing lower part 8 and the housing upper part 7, in particular the first thrust surface 23 and the second thrust surface 25, can be set by varying the dimension of the spacer 35 extending in the direction of the axis of rotation 4. In this way, the distance between the second thrust surface 25 of the housing upper part 7 and the third thrust surface 29 of the compressor wheel 2 and the distance between the first thrust surface 23 of the housing lower part 8 and the fourth thrust surface 31 of the compressor wheel 2 can also be adjusted. The bearing preloading force is generated by the connection, in particular a screw connection, of the housing upper part 7 to the housing lower part 8, wherein the bearing preloading force is transmitted axially relative to the rotational axis 4 from the housing lower part 8 to the second bearing 22, from the second bearing 22 to the compressor wheel 2, from the compressor wheel 2 to the first bearing 18, and from the first bearing 18 to the housing upper part 7. Furthermore, by means of the spacer 35, in addition to the bearing preload, the gap size of the first gap region 43 and/or of the second gap region 45 between the compressor wheel 2 and the housing 3 can be set, as a result of which an improved encapsulation of the compressor chamber 30 can be achieved. By means of the improved encapsulation, the loss of gaseous medium to be conveyed, in particular hydrogen, from the compressor space 30 can be reduced.

Fig. 1 also shows that the compressor wheel 2 has an annular web 38 on its outer edge facing away from the axis of rotation 4, in particular on the outer limiting ring 27, which encircles around the axis of rotation 4. The second bearing 22 is here located axially between the circumferential web 38 and the housing lower part 8 relative to the axis of rotation 4. By means of the circumferential webs 38 on the compressor wheel 2, forces extending axially with respect to the axis of rotation 4 can be conducted away into the housing 3, in particular into the housing lower part 8, by means of the second bearing 22, which is in particular designed as an axial bearing. Furthermore, the compressor wheel 2 can receive with its hub leg 12 a bearing preload force extending axially relative to the rotational axis 4 from the first bearing 18. The second thrust surface 34 is here located axially between the first bearing 18 and the hub limb 12 relative to the axis of rotation. Furthermore, the thickness of the webs 38 extending axially relative to the axis of rotation 4 can be adapted by means of a machining operation in such a way that an optimum guidance of the compressor wheel 2 is possible, in that the webs 38 can also be adapted to different bearing widths 24 of the second bearing 22.

Furthermore, it is shown in fig. 1 that the second bearing 22 has an average bearing diameter 36, wherein the average bearing diameter 36 of the second bearing 22 is greater than the average bearing diameter 36 of the first bearing 18 in this first exemplary embodiment. Improved and more precise guidance of the compressor wheel 2 can thereby be achieved.

Fig. 2 shows a section of the side channel compressor 1, which section is designated a-a in fig. 1, in an enlarged view, wherein the housing lower part 8, the gas inlet 14, the gas outlet 16, the interruption region 15, the side channel 19 and the direction of rotation 20 (of the compressor wheel 2, not shown) are shown.

As shown in fig. 2, the interruption region 15 is located in the housing 3 around the axis of rotation 4, in particular between the gas inlet 14 and the gas outlet 16. The gaseous medium is conveyed by the compressor wheel 2 and/or flows from the gas inlet 14 to the gas outlet 16 and flows through the side channel 19 at least in sections. In this case, the compression and/or the pressure and/or the flow speed of the gaseous medium are increased in the delivery chamber 28, in particular in the delivery chamber 28 of the compressor wheel 2 and in the side channel 19, with the flow proceeding in the direction of rotation 20 from the gas inlet 14 to the gas outlet 16. The separation of the pressure side and the suction side is brought about by the interruption region 15, the suction side being located in the region of the gas inlet 14 and the pressure side being located in the region of the gas outlet 16.

Fig. 3 shows a longitudinal section through a side channel compressor 1 according to a second exemplary embodiment, which is designed rotationally symmetrically with respect to the axis of rotation 4. Here, the first bearing 18 is shown in the housing upper part 7 on the side of the compressor wheel 2 facing the drive 6. The first bearing 18 is in contact with the drive shaft 9 on its inner diameter. The first bearing 18 can here be in axial contact with the drive shaft 9 relative to the rotational axis 4 or can be connected to the drive shaft 9 by means of a press fit. The first bearing 18 is in contact with the housing upper part 7 with an outer diameter, wherein the first bearing 18 can be pressed into the housing upper part 7. On the end side facing the drive 6, the first bearing is at least partially in contact with a shoulder of the housing upper part 7, in particular with the bearing outer ring. Furthermore, the first bearing 18 is in contact with the disk spring 5, in particular with its inner bearing ring and/or its outer bearing ring, on the end face facing away from the drive 6. The disk spring exerts a bearing preload on the first bearing 18. In this second embodiment, a compressor wheel hub 10 with hub feet 12 is arranged on the compressor wheel 2 on the side facing away from the drive 6. Furthermore, the second bearing 22 bears with its outer diameter against the compressor wheel 2, in particular against the inner diameter of the inner limiting ring 21 of the compressor wheel 2. Axially with respect to the axis of rotation 4, the second bearing 22 is in contact with the hub disk 13 of the compressor wheel 2 on the side facing the driver 6 and with the housing lower part 8 on the side facing away from the driver 6. In this case, the disk spring 5 can transmit the bearing preload to the second bearing 22 axially relative to the rotational axis 4, at least indirectly via the compressor wheel 2. The second bearing 22 forms an average bearing diameter 36 in this second embodiment of the side channel compressor 1, wherein this average bearing diameter 36 is smaller than in the first embodiment. In this second exemplary embodiment, a spacer 35 can also be located between the first contact surface 33 of the circumferential stud projection 32 and the second stop surface 25 of the housing upper part 7. The bearing preload, which acts in particular on the first bearing 18 and/or the second bearing 22 and extends axially with respect to the axis of rotation 4, can be set by means of the spacer 35, wherein the spacer 35 is located axially with respect to the axis of rotation 4 between the cylindrical projection 32 and the housing upper part 7. In addition, the bearing preload can also be adjusted for the following exemplary embodiments by means of spacer 35.

Fig. 4 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a side channel compressor 1 according to the invention according to a third embodiment. The housing lower part 8 has a shoulder 40 which runs around the axis of rotation 4, wherein the second bearing 22 is located between the compressor wheel 2 and the running shoulder 40, wherein the second bearing 22 is in contact with the shoulder 40, in particular by means of a press fit, radially with respect to the axis of rotation 4. The second bearing 22 is in contact with the housing lower part 8 with its inner diameter and/or with its end face facing away from the drive 6, and the second bearing 22 is in contact with the compressor wheel 2 with its outer diameter, in particular with the inner diameter of the inner limiting ring 21 of the compressor wheel 2. The second bearing 22 can be designed as a radial bearing 22.

In fig. 5, the side channel compressor 1 is shown with a shoulder 40, similar to the shoulder 40 depicted in fig. 4. The second bearing 22 has only the bearing inner ring 42, wherein the rolling bodies 46 of the second bearing 22 roll on the bearing inner ring 42 on the one hand and directly on the inner diameter of the compressor wheel 2, in particular on the hardened bearing raceways, on the other hand. Therefore, the bearing outer ring 44 of the second bearing 22 can be saved in this fourth embodiment, wherein the complexity of the side channel compressor 1 is reduced. The hardened bearing raceways are applied directly to the inner diameter of the inner delimiting ring 21 of the compressor wheel 2, in particular to the region of the inner delimiting ring 21 facing the axis of rotation 4, whereby the bearing outer ring 44 of the second bearing 22 is discarded. Another advantage of this embodiment is that assembly is simplified and moving masses are reduced due to fewer components. In this case, the disk spring 5 can transmit a bearing preload force to the second bearing 22 axially relative to the rotational axis 4 at least indirectly via the compressor wheel 2, wherein the disk spring 5 is located between the first bearing 18 and the compressor wheel 2, in particular the hub disk 13 of the compressor wheel 2. The second bearing 22 forms an average bearing diameter 36 in this fourth exemplary embodiment of the side channel compressor 1, wherein this average bearing diameter 36 corresponds at least approximately to the inner diameter of the inner limiting ring 21.

Fig. 6 shows that the second bearing 22 is located on the outer diameter of the compressor wheel 2, wherein the second bearing 22 is located radially between the compressor wheel 2 and the housing lower part 8 with respect to the rotational axis 4. In this case, in this fifth exemplary embodiment of the side channel compressor 1, the second bearing 22 has only the bearing outer ring 44, wherein the rolling bodies 46 of the second bearing 22 roll on the bearing outer ring 42 on the one hand and directly on the outer diameter of the compressor wheel 2, in particular the hardened bearing raceway, on the other hand. Therefore, in this fifth embodiment, the bearing inner ring 42 of the second bearing 22 can be saved, wherein the complexity of the side channel compressor 1 is reduced. The hardened bearing raceway is displaced directly onto the outer diameter of the outer delimiting ring 27 of the compressor wheel 2, whereby the bearing inner ring 42 of the second bearing 22 is discarded. Another advantage of this embodiment is that assembly is simplified and moving masses are reduced due to fewer components. The disk spring 5 is arranged between the housing upper part 7 and the first bearing 18, wherein the first bearing 18 is in contact with the hub leg 12 of the compressor wheel 2 on the side facing away from the housing upper part 7. The disk spring 5 can thus transmit the bearing preload to the second bearing 22 axially relative to the axis of rotation 4 at least indirectly via the first bearing 18 and the hub limb 12 of the compressor wheel 2, the disk spring 5 being located between the first bearing 18 and the compressor wheel 2, in particular the hub disk 13 of the compressor wheel 2.

In a further embodiment of the above-described embodiment, in which the compressor wheel 2 has a circumferential web 38 and the second bearing 22 is embodied in particular as a radial bearing, the circumferential web 38 can be embodied in a stepped manner in the direction of the axis of symmetry 48, so that the web 38 acts either on the bearing inner ring 42 or on the bearing outer ring 44. In this case, the housing lower part 8 can additionally be designed in a stepped manner in the direction of the axis of symmetry 48, so that the housing lower part 8 acts either on the bearing inner ring 42 or on the bearing outer ring 44.

The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described herein and the aspects emphasized therein. On the contrary, many modifications are possible within the scope of the invention as set forth in the claims, which are within the reach of the person skilled in the art.